CN111165255A - Method for increasing yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting - Google Patents
Method for increasing yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165255A CN111165255A CN202010059795.9A CN202010059795A CN111165255A CN 111165255 A CN111165255 A CN 111165255A CN 202010059795 A CN202010059795 A CN 202010059795A CN 111165255 A CN111165255 A CN 111165255A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing yield of peach trees by staggered fruiting, which comprises the steps of culturing ordinary peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, selecting annual robust plants without plant diseases and insect pests as stocks, taking early-maturing peach seed branches in 3-4 months, removing leaves, and cutting off the peach seedlings 10-15cm away from the ground. According to the invention, early-maturing peach seeds and middle-late maturing peach seeds are grafted up and down to form a combined variety, the fruit acre yield is improved, the fruit branches in two maturing stages are subjected to wrong-stage nutrition utilization and wrong-stage fruit bearing, the fruit quality is good, the nutrition demand peak is staggered, the tree nutrition is reasonably utilized, the tree vigor is promoted to be stable, the tree vigor can be effectively controlled to be over-vigorous, the fruit tree management and picking are facilitated, the tree vigor is effectively prevented from being strong at the top and weak at the bottom, the trunk plant type is favorably maintained, in addition, a reasonable management mode is provided, the pine cone-shaped structure is convenient for light collection and ventilation, young fruits of middle-late maturing peach seeds are bagged, and the damage of diseases and insects to the fruits of late maturing peach seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production orchard management, in particular to a method for increasing yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting.
Background
Along with the development of the society, people pay higher and higher attention to health, people eat fruits more and more, so that fruit tree planters are more and more, peach trees are perennial plants, nutrients stored in tree bodies have a good promoting effect on the growth of the fruit trees in the next year and the differentiation and development of organs such as leaves, flowers and fruits of the fruit trees, and plant nutrients are required for the growth of the fruits of the peach trees and the growth of the fruit trees.
In the growth cycle of the fruits, the insufficient nutrient supply can lead the fruits to be small in size, poor in taste and not sold at a good price, and after the fruits are picked, the trees grow when the nutrients are excessive, so that the tree vigor is vigorous seriously, and the management cost is increased.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by mistake.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by fruit staggering period, which is characterized in that early-maturing peach seeds and middle-late-maturing peach seeds are grafted up and down to form a combined variety, the acre yield of fruits is improved, the nutrition of fruit branches in two maturing periods is utilized in a staggering period, the fruits are good in quality, the peak of the nutrition demand is staggered, the improvement of the fruit quality is facilitated, the nutrition of tree bodies is reasonably utilized, the tree vigor is stable, the tree vigor can be effectively controlled to be inverted, the fruit trees are convenient to manage and pick, the strong and weak situation of the tree vigor is effectively prevented and treated, the trunk plant type is maintained, in addition, a reasonable management mode is provided, a pine cone-shaped structure is convenient for lighting and ventilation, young fruits of the middle-late-maturing peach seeds are bagged, the damage of diseases and pests to the late-maturing peach seeds after the fruits are matured is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: taking early-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 10-15cm away from the ground, grafting branch segments with buds to the tops of the peach seedling rootstocks, naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive, cutting off the plants at a position 1.5m high of the early-maturing peach seed plants till the middle ten days of the 9 th month of the year, budding middle-late-maturing peach seeds at the cut openings, and naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive to form a combined plant with the lower parts of all early-maturing peach seeds and the upper parts of middle-late-maturing peach seeds;
step three: transplanting the survived combined plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 146-150 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 2.8-3.0m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: when two varieties of peach flowers alternate in spring, using feather duster to sweep two varieties of pistils, thinning fruits in young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of middle and late ripe peach seeds after thinning fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, periodically fertilizing, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, harvesting the fruits at the bottom of the fruit tree after the early-maturing variety fruits are mature, continuously growing the middle and late-maturing peach fruits, and harvesting the middle and late-maturing peach fruits again after the middle and late-maturing peach fruits are mature.
Preferably, the early-maturing peach variety is set to be Xichun, the variety is an early-maturing variety, the early-maturing peach variety is mature in 6 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 3000 jin.
Preferably, the middle-late ripe peach variety is autumn Tong, the variety is middle-late ripe variety, ripe in the middle 9 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 5000 jin.
Preferably, the pesticide spraying period in the fifth step is set to be 20-25d of the fruit growing period, and 10-15d of the fruit mature period of the early ripe peach seeds or the middle and late ripe peach seeds.
Preferably, the fertilization period in the fifth step is set to be 35-45d in the fruit growth period of the early-maturing peach seeds and 45-55d in the fruit growth period of the middle-late-maturing peach seeds.
In the technical scheme, the invention provides the following technical effects and advantages:
the early-maturing peach seeds and the middle-late-maturing peach seeds are grafted up and down to form a combined variety, the fruit acre yield is improved, the fruit branches in two maturing stages are subjected to staggered-stage nutrition utilization and staggered-stage fruit bearing, the fruit quality is good, the nutritional requirement peak is staggered, the improvement of the fruit quality is facilitated, the tree nutrition is reasonably utilized, the tree vigor is promoted to be stable, the tree vigor is effectively controlled to be over-vigorous, the management and picking of fruit trees are facilitated, the vigor of the tree is effectively controlled to be strong at the upper part and weak at the lower part, the main stem shape plant type is maintained, in addition, a reasonable management mode is provided, the pine cone-shaped structure facilitates light collection and ventilation, the young fruits of the middle-late-maturing peaches are bagged, and the damage of diseases and insects.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: taking early-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves from the branches, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 10cm away from the ground, grafting branch sections with buds to the top ends of the stocks of the peach seedlings, naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive, cutting off the plants at a position 1.5m high of the early-maturing peach seeds in the middle ten days of the 9 th month of the year, budding middle-late-maturing peach seeds at the cut-off positions, and naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive to form a combined plant with the lower parts of all early-maturing peach seeds and the upper parts of middle-late-maturing peach seeds;
step three: transplanting the survived combined plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 146 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 2.8m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: when two varieties of peach flowers alternate in spring, using feather duster to sweep two varieties of pistils, thinning fruits in young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of middle and late ripe peach seeds after thinning fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, setting the pesticide spraying period to be 20d in the fruit growth period, 10d in the fruit maturation period of early-maturing peach seeds or middle-late mature peach seeds, periodically applying fertilizers, setting the fertilizer application period to be 35d in the fruit growth period of the early-maturing peach seeds and 45d in the fruit growth period of the middle-late mature peach seeds, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, harvesting the fruits at the bottom of the fruit tree after the early-maturing variety fruits are mature, continuously growing the middle and late-maturing peach fruits, and harvesting the middle and late-maturing peach fruits again after the middle and late-maturing peach fruits are mature.
Furthermore, the early-maturing peach seeds are set to be cherished spring, the variety is an early-maturing variety, the early-maturing peach seeds are mature for 6 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 3000 jin;
further, the middle-late ripe peach variety is set as autumn Tong, the variety is the middle-late ripe variety, ripe in the middle ten months of 9 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 5000 jin.
The quality of the combined plant obtained in the embodiment is biological and high, the orchard is good in ventilation, good in lighting and convenient to manage, fruits are sweet and tasty, meanwhile, the combined plant has the flavors of Xichun and Qiongtong, the taste is good, the growth of the fruit trees and the fruit acre yield of the fruits are recorded and displayed when the plant grows for 5 years, the total acre yield of the orchard in the embodiment reaches 3099kg, wherein the acre yield of the fruit trees below 1.8m of the orchard is 1102kg, the acre yield of the fruit trees above 1.8m of the orchard is 1997kg, and the phenomenon of slight tree vigor reversal is caused.
Example 2:
the invention provides a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: taking early-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves from the branches, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 13cm away from the ground, grafting branch sections with buds to the tops of the stocks of the peach seedlings, naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive, cutting off the plants at a position 1.5m high of the early-maturing peach seeds in the middle ten days of the current year 9, budding middle-late-maturing peach seeds at the cut openings, and naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive to form a combined plant with the lower parts of all early-maturing peach seeds and the upper parts of middle-late-maturing peach seeds;
step three: transplanting the survived combined plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 148 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 2.9m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: when two varieties of peach flowers alternate in spring, using feather duster to sweep two varieties of pistils, thinning fruits in young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of middle and late ripe peach seeds after thinning fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, setting the pesticide spraying period to be 23d of the fruit growth period, 13d of the fruit maturation period of early-maturing peach seeds or middle-late mature peach seeds, periodically applying fertilizers, setting the fertilizer application period to be 40d of the fruit growth period of the early-maturing peach seeds and 50d of the fruit growth period of the middle-late mature peach seeds, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, harvesting the fruits at the bottom of the fruit tree after the early-maturing variety fruits are mature, continuously growing the middle and late-maturing peach fruits, and harvesting the middle and late-maturing peach fruits again after the middle and late-maturing peach fruits are mature.
Furthermore, the early-maturing peach seeds are set to be cherished spring, the variety is an early-maturing variety, the early-maturing peach seeds are mature for 6 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 3000 jin;
further, the middle-late ripe peach variety is set as autumn Tong, the variety is the middle-late ripe variety, ripe in the middle ten months of 9 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 5000 jin.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the combined plant obtained in the embodiment has biological high quality, good air permeability and good lighting, is convenient to manage, fruits are sweet and delicious, and meanwhile, the combined plant has the taste of Xichun and Qiutong, the combined plant is good in mouthfeel, the fruit tree growth and fruit acre yield of the combined plant are recorded and displayed when the plant grows for 5 years, the total acre yield of the combined plant in the embodiment reaches 3254kg, wherein the acre yield of fruit trees below 1.8m of the combined plant in the orchard is 1189kg, the acre yield of fruit trees above 1.8m of the combined plant in the orchard is 2065kg, and the combined plant has a slight tree vigor reversal vigorous phenomenon.
Example 3:
the invention provides a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: taking early-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 15cm away from the ground, grafting branch sections with buds to the top ends of the peach seedling rootstocks, naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive, cutting off the plants at a position 1.5m high of the early-maturing peach seed plants in the middle ten days of the current 9 months, budding middle-late-maturing peach seeds at the cut-off positions, and naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive to form a combined plant with the lower parts of all early-maturing peach seeds and the upper parts of middle-late-maturing peach seeds;
step three: transplanting the survived combined plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 150 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 3.0m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: when two varieties of peach flowers alternate in spring, using feather duster to sweep two varieties of pistils, thinning fruits in young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of middle and late ripe peach seeds after thinning fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, setting the pesticide spraying period to be 25d of the fruit growth period, 15d of the fruit maturation period of early-maturing peach seeds or middle-late mature peach seeds, periodically applying fertilizers, setting the fertilizer application period to be 45d of the fruit growth period of the early-maturing peach seeds and 55d of the fruit growth period of the middle-late mature peach seeds, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, harvesting the fruits at the bottom of the fruit tree after the early-maturing variety fruits are mature, continuously growing the middle and late-maturing peach fruits, and harvesting the middle and late-maturing peach fruits again after the middle and late-maturing peach fruits are mature.
Furthermore, the early-maturing peach seeds are set to be cherished spring, the variety is an early-maturing variety, the early-maturing peach seeds are mature for 6 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 3000 jin;
further, the middle-late ripe peach variety is set as autumn Tong, the variety is the middle-late ripe variety, ripe in the middle ten months of 9 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 5000 jin.
Comparing examples 1 and 2, the combined plant quality obtained in the embodiment has biological high quality, the orchard ventilation is good, the lighting is good, the management is convenient, the fruit is sweet and tasteful, meanwhile, the combined plant has the flavors of Xichun and Qiutong, the mouthfeel is good, the fruit tree growth and fruit acre yield of the combined plant are recorded and displayed when the plant grows for 5 years, the total acre yield of the orchard reaches 3125kg, wherein the acre yield of fruit trees below 1.8m of the orchard is 1064kg, the acre yield of fruit trees above 1.8m of the orchard is 2061kg, and the phenomenon of slight tree vigor flourishing is avoided.
Comparative item 1:
the invention provides a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: in the middle ten days of 3 months, taking early-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 13cm away from the ground, grafting the branch sections with buds to the tops of the peach seedling stocks, and naturally growing after the seedlings survive;
step three: transplanting the survived grafted plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 148 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 2.9m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: thinning fruits at the young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of premature peach seeds after thinning the fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, setting the pesticide spraying period to be 23d of the fruit growth period and 13d of the fruit maturity period, periodically applying fertilizers, setting the fertilizer application period to be 40d of the fruit growth period, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, namely harvesting fruit trees after the early-maturing variety fruits are mature.
Furthermore, the early-maturing peach variety is set to be Xichun, the variety is an early-maturing variety, the peach variety is mature for the first 6 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 3000 jin.
Compared with the examples 1-3, the plants obtained in the embodiment have single fruit, the orchard has good ventilation, good lighting, convenient management and general fruit quality, the fruit tree growth and fruit acre yield are recorded and displayed when the plants grow for 5 years, the total acre yield of the orchard reaches 1547kg, wherein the acre yield of the orchard below 1.8m is 891kg, the acre yield of the orchard above 1.8m is 656kg, and the phenomenon of severe tree vigor reversal is caused.
Comparative item 2:
the invention provides a method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting, which comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: in the middle ten days of 3 months, taking middle and late-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 13cm away from the ground, grafting the branch sections with buds to the tops of the peach seedling stocks, and naturally growing after the branches survive;
step three: transplanting the survived grafted plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 148 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 2.9m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: thinning fruits at the young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of middle and late maturing peach seeds after thinning the fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, setting the pesticide spraying period to be 23d of the fruit growth period and 13d of the fruit maturity period, periodically applying fertilizers, setting the fertilizer application period to be 40d of the fruit growth period, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, wherein the fruit of the fruit tree is harvested after the middle and late-maturing variety fruits are mature.
Further, the middle-late ripe peach variety is set as autumn Tong, the variety is the middle-late ripe variety, ripe in the middle ten months of 9 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 5000 jin.
Comparing examples 1-3 with item 1, the plants obtained in this example are single in fruit, good in orchard ventilation, good in lighting, convenient to manage, and general in fruit quality, and the recording of fruit tree growth and fruit acre yield of the plants in 5 years shows that the total acre yield of the orchard in this example reaches 2534kg, wherein the acre yield of the orchard fruit tree below 1.8m is 1589kg, the acre yield of the orchard fruit tree above 1.8m is 984kg, and the phenomenon of serious tree vigor reversal is caused.
The following table is obtained according to examples 1 to 4:
from the above table, the scheme provided in example 2 has the maximum total acre yield, the fruits are uniformly distributed, the income of fruit growers is greatly increased, the popularization and the use are convenient, the combined variety treatment plant improves the taste of a single fruit, the total yield is higher than that of a single Xichun or Qiongu variety, the fruit branches in two mature periods are subjected to wrong nutrient utilization and wrong fruit results, the fruit quality is good, when an early mature variety is subjected to the maturation of Xichun peaches, the autumn Tong fruit has less nutrient demand, the Xichun has been harvested when the autumn Tong is mature, the peaks of the nutrient demands of the two varieties on the same plant are staggered, the fruit quality is favorably improved, the tree nutrition is reasonably utilized, the tree vigor is promoted to be stable, the tree vigor can be effectively controlled to be flourishing, the lower branch growth is generally weaker due to the existence of the top advantages, the upper branch growth is stronger, but no fruit exists in the lower part of 7-9 months, the growth of the lower branch can be effectively enhanced, the upper branches can effectively control the growth vigor of the upper parts due to the existence of fruits, so that the management and picking of fruit trees are facilitated, the vigor of the trees is effectively prevented and controlled, and the trunk-shaped plant type is maintained.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the above description is illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which come within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for increasing the yield of peach trees by wrong fruiting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: culturing common wild peach seedlings in a seedling culture area, and selecting annual healthy and strong plants without plant diseases and insect pests as rootstocks;
step two: taking early-maturing peach seed branches, removing leaves, cutting off the peach seedlings at a position 10-15cm away from the ground, grafting branch segments with buds to the tops of the peach seedling rootstocks, naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive, cutting off the plants at a position 1.5m high of the early-maturing peach seed plants till the middle ten days of the 9 th month of the year, budding middle-late-maturing peach seeds at the cut openings, and naturally growing after the early-maturing peach seeds survive to form a combined plant with the lower parts of all early-maturing peach seeds and the upper parts of middle-late-maturing peach seeds;
step three: transplanting the survived combined plants to an orchard, planting fruit trees at a row spacing of 3m multiplied by 1.5m according to the standard of 146-150 plants per mu, cutting off the tips of the trees when the height of the trees reaches 2.8-3.0m, and controlling the length and the angle of branches of the fruit trees to enable the fruit trees to stand in a pine cone shape, wherein gaps are reserved between adjacent branches of the fruit trees, and the gap distance is more than 15 cm;
step four: when two varieties of peach flowers alternate in spring, using feather duster to sweep two varieties of pistils, thinning fruits in young fruit period, and sleeving transparent plastic bags on the outer sides of young fruits of middle and late ripe peach seeds after thinning fruits;
step five: managing the fruit trees, regularly spraying pesticides to prevent and control diseases and insect pests of the fruit trees and the fruits, periodically fertilizing, adjusting soil quality, weeding, turning soil and irrigating in dry seasons;
step six: harvesting, harvesting the fruits at the bottom of the fruit tree after the early-maturing variety fruits are mature, continuously growing the middle and late-maturing peach fruits, and harvesting the middle and late-maturing peach fruits again after the middle and late-maturing peach fruits are mature.
2. The method for increasing yield of peach trees by mistake comprises the following steps of: the early-maturing peach variety is set to be Xichun, the variety is an early-maturing variety, the early-maturing peach variety is mature in 6 months, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 3000 jin.
3. The method for increasing yield of peach trees by mistake comprises the following steps of: the variety of the middle-late ripe peaches is autumn Tong, the variety is the middle-late ripe variety, the peaches in the middle 9 months are ripe, and the yield per mu in the full bearing period is 5000 jin.
4. The method for increasing yield of peach trees by mistake comprises the following steps of: in the fifth step, the pesticide spraying period is set to be 20-25d of the fruit growing period, and 10-15d of the fruit mature period of the early ripe peach seeds or the middle and late ripe peach seeds.
5. The method for increasing yield of peach trees by mistake comprises the following steps of: and in the fifth step, the fertilization period is set to be 35-45d of the fruit growth period of the early-maturing peach seeds and 45-55d of the fruit growth period of the middle-late-maturing peach seeds.
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| CN113875413A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-04 | 山东农业大学 | Drilling grafting method for trunk-shaped peach trees |
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