CN110651674A - Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method - Google Patents
Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110651674A CN110651674A CN201911150034.8A CN201911150034A CN110651674A CN 110651674 A CN110651674 A CN 110651674A CN 201911150034 A CN201911150034 A CN 201911150034A CN 110651674 A CN110651674 A CN 110651674A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chayote
- sprout
- garlic
- greenhouse
- bitter gourd
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method which mainly comprises the following steps: (1) seed selection: selecting high-quality garlic seeds and chayote seeds, and accelerating germination of the chayote; (2) soil preparation and base fertilizer application: before sowing, base fertilizer is applied, and then deep ploughing, leveling and ridging are carried out on the soil in the greenhouse; (3) sowing: two rows of chayotes are planted on the ridge surface, and a row of garlic is planted between the two rows of chayotes; (4) field management: topdressing a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with water every 18-22 days, and harvesting when the sprout of the chayote grows to 28-32 cm; (5) balsam pear interplanting: after garlic sprouts are harvested, balsam pears are fixedly planted between two rows of chayotes, and the chayotes are planted in the year round. The method disclosed by the invention reasonably and efficiently utilizes the land, can provide a proper soil environment and illumination condition for the growth of the chayote sprouts, realizes the annual high-quality picking of the chayote sprouts, increases the yield of vegetables in unit area and improves the economic income of farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and relates to a greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method.
Background
Facility agriculture in China starts late but develops fast. Through the experimental creation of scientific researchers and farmers in various places, the mode of intercropping/three-dimensional cultivation of facility horticultural crops is rapidly developed, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious. The intercropping three-dimensional planting of different kinds of crops is mainly characterized by that according to the external form of different kinds of crops and the requirements for temp. and illumination, the different kinds of crops with different heights and different preferences for light and shade are matched. Mainly comprises the following steps: (1) and (4) intercropping and three-dimensional planting of different kinds of vegetables. Such as intercropping of cucumber with cabbage, leek, fast-growing green leaf vegetable, pepper; intercropping of tomatoes with rape and celery; interplanting fructus Momordicae Charantiae with herba Apii Graveolentis or fructus Cucumidis Sativi; the method comprises the following steps of (1) increasing a crop of summer squash by utilizing an effective space in a shed at the early stage of growth of tomatoes; high-efficiency three-dimensional cultivation modes of tomatoes (or cucumbers), chayote and early-maturing Chinese cabbage and the like. (2) Stereo mode with grape as main body. Such as intercropping of tomatoes, celery, cabbage, lettuce and intercropping strawberries with grapes. (3) And (5) performing intercropping and stereoscopic cultivation of fungi/vegetables and fungi/fruits. Such as celery relay intercropping oyster mushroom, spring cucumber relay intercropping oyster mushroom, tomato relay intercropping agaricus bisporus, and the like. The vegetables for intercropping the fungi and vegetables also comprise wax gourd, towel gourd, balsam pear, pumpkin, hyacinth bean and the like, and the edible fungi comprise auricularia polytricha, auricularia polytricha and the like.
However, in northwest regions, the facility vegetable production mainly comprises conventional vegetables such as eggplants, hot peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers and the like, a single traditional planting mode is adopted for production, the market supply is increased along with the increase of the facility construction area, and the continuous cropping phenomenon is visible everywhere. The problems of continuous cropping obstacles of vegetable crops, secondary salinization of soil and the like are increasingly prominent, so that soil-borne diseases are aggravated, pathogenic bacteria are accumulated in a large amount in the soil to become dominant bacteria, the rhizosphere ecological environment of the vegetable crops is worsened, the yield and the quality of the vegetables are seriously reduced, the production cost is greatly increased, and the income of farmers is relatively reduced. Therefore, the physicochemical property of land is optimized, the land is reasonably and efficiently utilized, the yield of vegetables in unit area is increased, the economic income of farmers is practically improved, and the development of intercropping three-dimensional cultivation technology is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method which can optimize the physicochemical property of land, reasonably and efficiently utilize the land and increase the yield of vegetables in unit area.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection
Selecting high-quality garlic seeds and chayote seeds, and accelerating germination of the chayote;
(2) soil preparation and base fertilizer application
Before sowing, applying base fertilizer, and then deeply ploughing, leveling and ridging the soil in the greenhouse, wherein the ridge width is 50-70 cm, the furrow width is 30-50 cm, and the ridge height is 20-40 cm;
(3) seeding
Planting chayote on the ridge surface according to the plant spacing of 55-65 cm and the row spacing of 35-45 cm, planting two rows on each ridge surface, planting one row of garlic in the middle of the two rows of chayote on each ridge surface after the chayote is planted for one week, wherein the row spacing of the garlic is 10-15 cm; mulching a mulching film after the seedlings of the chayote emerge;
(4) management of field
Suspending a trap plate 25-35 cm away from the growing top of the chayote seedlings, and applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with water once every 18-22 days;
harvesting when the chayote sprout grows to 28-32 cm, and continuously harvesting newly grown sprout;
(5) balsam pear interplanting
After garlic sprouts are harvested, selecting a high-quality bitter gourd variety for seedling culture, planting between two rows of chayote, wherein the plant distance is 100 plus one year and 120 cm, and planting the chayote all the year round;
the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied to the bitter gourds once along with water every 13-16 days, tendrils of the bitter gourds are hung, old leaves at the lower parts of plants are timely removed, and ventilation is kept.
Further, in the step (1), the germination accelerating process of the chayote is as follows: filling fine sand into a foam box, laterally placing the chayote seed melons in the sand, then covering the fine sand with the thickness of 1-3 cm on the chayote, keeping the relative water content of the fine sand at 75-80%, and the temperature at 15-20 ℃, and completing germination acceleration when the germs grow out of the sand surface.
Further, in the step (3), the chayote is sowed in a shape like a Chinese character 'pin'.
Further, in the step (3), chayote and garlic sprouts are interplanted during the winter-crossing period.
Further, in the step (5), balsam pears are interplanted in the early spring stubble period.
Chayote is also called "falcon melon", Annan melon, shou melon, etc. and is a kind of cucurbitaceae chayote plant. The chayote is crisp and rich in nutrition, and can be used as a dish and a fruit to be eaten raw. In recent years, sprout grown from chayote is a fashionable fresh vegetable due to tasty and refreshing taste and rich nutrition, and is also called asparagus by many people, and artificial planting is gradually increased. The chayote sprout is the lateral vine of the chayote, and the new lateral vine can be continuously generated after the chayote sprout is grown to a certain length and picked, so the chayote sprout can be picked for a long time and can meet the requirement of annual cultivation and production.
Further research finds that the microbial balance and physicochemical properties of the chayote in soil can be reduced in annual production of the chayote, and the quality of chayote sprouts is influenced. The garlic is interplanted, so that the activity and the quantity of soil microorganisms can be increased, the physical and chemical properties of soil are optimized, the soil environment is improved, and the continuous cropping obstacle of the chayote is effectively relieved. The illumination is strong in summer, and the chayote sprouts are seriously aged by light. The bitter gourds are warm in preference and grow vigorously in summer, and the blades of the bitter gourds can effectively shield strong light from irradiating the fingered citron sprouts, so that the photo-aging phenomenon is effectively relieved. Therefore, the annual interplanting production technology not only solves the problem of soil environment, but also solves the problem of quality reduction of the chayote sprouts caused by strong illumination, and simultaneously achieves the purposes of yield increase and efficiency increase.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the reasonable and efficient land utilization can provide suitable soil environment and illumination condition for the growth of the chayote sprouts, the annual high-quality picking of the chayote sprouts is realized, the vegetable yield per unit area is increased, and the economic income of farmers is increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
A greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection
Selecting high-quality garlic seeds and chayote seeds, and accelerating germination of the chayote, wherein the accelerating germination process comprises the following steps:
filling fine sand into a foam box, laterally placing the chayote seed melons in the sand, then covering the chayote seed melons with the fine sand with the thickness of 1-3 cm, keeping the relative water content of the fine sand at 75-80%, and the temperature at 15-20 ℃, and completing germination when the germs grow out of the sand;
(2) soil preparation and base fertilizer application
Before sowing, applying base fertilizer, and then deeply ploughing, leveling and ridging the soil in the greenhouse, wherein the ridge width is 50-70 cm, the furrow width is 30-50 cm, and the ridge height is 20-40 cm; the composition and the dosage of the base fertilizer are as follows: 1400-1600 kg of fully decomposed organic fertilizer and 40-60 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are applied per mu;
(3) seeding
Planting chayote on the ridge surface according to the plant spacing of 55-65 cm and the row spacing of 35-45 cm, planting two rows on each ridge surface, and sowing the chayote in a shape like Chinese character 'pin', planting a row of garlic between the two rows of chayote on the ridge surface after planting the chayote for one week, wherein the plant spacing of the garlic is 10-15 cm; mulching a mulching film after the seedlings of the chayote emerge; in the invention, chayote and garlic sprouts are interplanted in the middle and last ten days of 9 months during the winter stubble period;
(4) management of field
Suspending a yellow board trap plate 25-35 cm away from the growing top end of the chayote seedlings, and topdressing the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with water once every 18-22 days, wherein 10-20 kg of topdressing is carried out per mu;
harvesting when the chayote sprout grows to 28-32 cm, and continuously harvesting newly grown sprout;
(5) balsam pear interplanting
After garlic sprouts are harvested in the last ten days of the month, selecting a high-quality bitter gourd variety for seedling culture, then planting the bitter gourd in the middle of two rows, wherein the plant distance is 100-120 cm, and planting the bitter gourd all the year round; in the invention, the balsam pears are interplanted in the early spring stubble period, namely from 3 late months to 4 early months;
the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied to the bitter gourds once along with water every 13-16 days, tendrils of the bitter gourds are hung, old leaves at the lower parts of plants are timely removed, and ventilation is kept.
The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer used by the invention comprises monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and monopotassium phosphate.
In order to further verify the effect of interplanting garlic in improving the soil environment, the invention respectively carries out sampling comparison tests on the microbial content of the soil in which chayote is planted in a single crop and the chayote is interplanted garlic, and the test results are shown in the following table:
soil microorganism content contrast test
As can be seen from the above table, after interplanting garlic, the content of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other group microorganisms in the soil is obviously increased, so that the physicochemical property of the soil can be improved, and the quality of chayote seedlings and buds can be improved.
Claims (6)
1. A greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed selection
Selecting high-quality garlic seeds and chayote seeds, and accelerating germination of the chayote;
(2) soil preparation and base fertilizer application
Before sowing, applying base fertilizer, and then deeply ploughing, leveling and ridging the soil in the greenhouse, wherein the ridge width is 50-70 cm, the furrow width is 30-50 cm, and the ridge height is 20-40 cm;
(3) seeding
Planting chayote on the ridge surface according to the plant spacing of 55-65 cm and the row spacing of 35-45 cm, planting two rows on each ridge surface, planting one row of garlic in the middle of the two rows of chayote on each ridge surface after the chayote is planted for one week, wherein the row spacing of the garlic is 10-15 cm; mulching a mulching film after the seedlings of the chayote emerge;
(4) management of field
Suspending a trap plate 25-35 cm away from the growing top of the chayote seedlings, and applying a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with water once every 18-22 days;
harvesting when the chayote sprout grows to 28-32 cm, and continuously harvesting newly grown sprout;
(5) balsam pear interplanting
After garlic sprouts are harvested, selecting a high-quality bitter gourd variety for seedling culture, planting between two rows of chayote, wherein the plant distance is 100 plus one year and 120 cm, and planting the chayote all the year round;
the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied to the bitter gourds once along with water every 13-16 days, tendrils of the bitter gourds are hung, old leaves at the lower parts of plants are timely removed, and ventilation is kept.
2. The greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the chayote germination accelerating process is as follows: filling fine sand into a foam box, laterally placing the chayote seed melons in the sand, then covering the fine sand with the thickness of 1-3 cm on the chayote, keeping the relative water content of the fine sand at 75-80%, and the temperature at 15-20 ℃, and completing germination acceleration when the germs grow out of the sand surface.
3. The greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the chayote is sowed in a shape like a Chinese character pin.
4. The greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), chayote and garlic sprout are interplanted during the winter season.
5. The greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), bitter gourds are interplanted in the early spring stubble period.
6. The greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the insect-attracting plate is a yellow plate insect-attracting plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911150034.8A CN110651674A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911150034.8A CN110651674A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110651674A true CN110651674A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
Family
ID=69043852
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911150034.8A Pending CN110651674A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110651674A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112425463A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-02 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Planting method for sunlight greenhouse cucumber-garlic sprout intercropping |
| CN114532169A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-27 | 贵州省农业科技信息研究所（贵州省农业科技信息中心） | Planting method for interplanting chayote and spring Chinese cabbage |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1395821A (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-02-12 | 孙匀 | Method for interplanting finger citron, balsom pear and notoginseng in northern region |
| CN104098408A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-15 | 周晓兰 | Cultivating method for leaf vegetables |
| CN104885761A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of conservation rock-desertification area sechium edule |
| CN106305013A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-11 | 蔡寿阳 | A three-dimensional planting method for chayote |
| CN108293693A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-20 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of selenium-rich Xinfeng chocho implantation methods |
-
2019
- 2019-11-21 CN CN201911150034.8A patent/CN110651674A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1395821A (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-02-12 | 孙匀 | Method for interplanting finger citron, balsom pear and notoginseng in northern region |
| CN104098408A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-15 | 周晓兰 | Cultivating method for leaf vegetables |
| CN104885761A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-09 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of conservation rock-desertification area sechium edule |
| CN106305013A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-11 | 蔡寿阳 | A three-dimensional planting method for chayote |
| CN108293693A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-20 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of selenium-rich Xinfeng chocho implantation methods |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 莫识美: "无公害蔬菜—佛手瓜苗的高产栽培技术", 《作物杂志》 * |
| 马树彬等: "佛手瓜的催芽和育苗技术", 《河南农业科学》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112425463A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-02 | 河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所 | Planting method for sunlight greenhouse cucumber-garlic sprout intercropping |
| CN114532169A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-27 | 贵州省农业科技信息研究所（贵州省农业科技信息中心） | Planting method for interplanting chayote and spring Chinese cabbage |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108934677B (en) | Method for preventing apple pests by attracting and breeding natural enemies through mixed grasses in apple orchard | |
| CN105340514B (en) | A kind of drought lotus root volume increase improves the efficient cultivation method of content of starch | |
| CN107409662B (en) | Crop rotation method for reducing incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt | |
| CN114175977B (en) | Cultivation method of tomatoes in sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN111480528A (en) | High-efficiency high-yield planting method for selenium-rich small tomatoes | |
| CN1817092A (en) | Forced double cropping cultivation of fresh Jingwei jujube | |
| CN111316877B (en) | Cassava lodging-resistant yield-increasing cultivation method | |
| CN109757274B (en) | High-yield and high-efficiency transplanting method for momordica grosvenori tissue culture seedlings | |
| CN110651674A (en) | Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method | |
| CN107509514A (en) | A kind of cotton and the intercropping method of peanut | |
| CN109168925B (en) | Cultivation method for improving quality and yield of guavas in saline-alkali soil | |
| CN104160856B (en) | A kind of cultivation method improving kale cut-flower amount and production of hybrid seeds amount | |
| CN105724166A (en) | Greenhouse grape single-mother-vine fruiting successive-year double-cropping cultivation method | |
| CN105075619A (en) | Cultivation and seed selection method for lily | |
| CN114698514A (en) | Cultivation method suitable for thin-skin muskmelon with vine climbing first and vine hanging later | |
| CN111869529A (en) | Sweet potato planting method | |
| CN112772330A (en) | Cultivation method for propagating konjak seeds by intercropping of bananas | |
| CN112136613A (en) | Watermelon cultivation management method suitable for four-connected-greenhouse in smoke area | |
| CN111699932A (en) | Green ecological planting method for cherry tomatoes | |
| CN109845571A (en) | Make the implantation methods of Kiwi berry between a kind of cascades using Beifang tea | |
| CN111434210A (en) | Simple interplanting method for common head cabbages | |
| CN103416202A (en) | Method for breeding kohlrabi parent seeds by means of corm cuttage | |
| CN112655474B (en) | Yangxin tarragon direct seeding propagation method | |
| CN111264327B (en) | Spring peanut-spring tobacco ecological high-yield planting method | |
| CN113906962B (en) | Crop seed quality improvement method based on quantum technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200107 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |