CN104098408A - Cultivating method for leaf vegetables - Google Patents
Cultivating method for leaf vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN104098408A CN104098408A CN201410370087.1A CN201410370087A CN104098408A CN 104098408 A CN104098408 A CN 104098408A CN 201410370087 A CN201410370087 A CN 201410370087A CN 104098408 A CN104098408 A CN 104098408A
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivating method for leaf vegetables. The cultivating method comprises the following steps: (1) transplanting breeding leaf vegetable seedlings; (2) fertilizing: soil is fertilized with an organic fertilizer for once when the seedlings are transplanted and during the period from the beginning of harvesting to the end of the harvesting; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 60-80 parts of vegetable stubble compost products, 10-20 parts of bamboo charcoal ash, 3-4 parts of shell powder, 8-15 parts of pyroligneous liquors, 5-15 parts of humic acids, 2-10 parts of microelements, 10-15 parts of seaweed powder, 10-15 parts of castor beans, 8-12 parts of lignin, 10-15 parts of diatomaceous earth and 16-25 parts of calcium bentonite. According to the invention, the dry matter accumulation amount of vegetables and chlorophyll content can be increased, the soil fertility and the balance of microorganism environment can be kept, and the cultivating method is healthy, safe and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation technique, particularly a kind of cultivating method of leaf vegetables.
Background technology
Along with China's reform and opening to the outside world and economic development, China's livestock industry obtains fast development, greatly improves and has enriched civic " vegetable basket ", has improved the people's standard of living.Livestock and poultry fecaluria waste water without any processing flows directly into river, lake, causes a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus loss, causes water pollution and eutrophication, has destroyed natural ecological environment; And the solid waste such as ight soil are arbitrarily stacked, not only taking a large amount of soils, and also can produce a large amount of repugnant substances and nitrate and atmosphere pollution and underground water in stacking, the rainy day, near often causing, resident's was greatly discontented because sewage overflows.Feces of livestock and poultry is different from other industrial pollutants, wherein contains the abundant source of manure.Feces of livestock and poultry is except containing abundant organic substance, also contains the required macronutrient of farm crop as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc., is administered to behind farmland, for increasing soil fertility, improves Soil structure, strengthens soil continuous production ability and has important effect.But, in fresh duck excrement, also contain a large amount of not organic pollutants of the readily biodegradable of complete digestion, directly use and will cause secondary pollution, and can cause that plant root rots and wait burning seedling phenomenon, must pass through humify, just can be applied to farmland.Adopting high-level efficiency technique means to carry out disposal and utilization to feces of livestock and poultry, is a problem needing solution badly.
Leafy vegetable comprises several large classes such as cabbage, vegetables with green leaves class, green onion fragrant-flowered garlic class, bud Lay class.Cabbage comprises Chinese cabbage, cabbage etc., vegetables with green leaves class comprises spinach, celery, rape, caraway (coriander), romaine lettuce, Caulis et Folium Ipomoeae aquaticae, Herba basellae rubrae, shepherd's purse, three-coloured amaranth, crowndaisy chrysanthemum, Wuta-tsai, fennel etc., leek, garlic bolt etc. that green onion fragrant-flowered garlic class comprises, pea seedlings in sprouts of vegetable, witloof bud, Fructus Fagopyri Esculenti, radish bud, the tender tip of fruit of Christophine etc.; Pollution-free vegetable has become the domestic people's strong request, the top 5 factor that pollution-free vegetable must be controlled well: air, water quality, soil, fertilizer and agricultural chemicals; The leafy vegetable that is applied to of fertilizer is the prerequisite of producing pollution-free vegetable.The correct use of fertilizer is one of key link of producing nuisanceless leafy vegetable.The Ministry of Agriculture is the national agricultural industry criteria of issuing and implementation in the recent period, the Fertilizer application criterion of producing green vegetables has also been done to clear and definite regulation, requirement fertilization principle will be taking fertilizer as main, keep or increase soil fertility and soil microbial activities, the fertilizer using should not produce detrimentally affect to vegetable garden environment and quality of vegetable simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, according to the demand in above-mentioned field, provides a kind of cultivating method of leaf vegetables, can improve dried vegetable substance accumulation amount, chlorophyll content, and preservation of fertility and microbial environment balance, be a kind of agricultural fertilizer that is suitable for health, safety, environmental protection.Technical scheme is as follows:
A cultivating method for leaf vegetables, comprises the following steps:
(1) transplant the leaf vegetables vegetable seedling being bred as,
(2) fertilising: in the time transplanting, and start results to results latter stages centre soil is respectively used to fertilizer one time;
It is characterized in that: described fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following components by weight percent: 60～80 parts of vegetables stubble compost products, 10～20 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 3～4 parts of oyster shell whitings, 8～15 parts, wood vinegar, 5～15 parts of humic acidss, 2～10 parts of trace elements, 10～15 parts of marine algae powders, 10～15 parts of Castor seed Meals, xylogen 8-12 part, diatomite 10～15, calcium-base bentonite 16～25;
Described trace element by agricultural rare-earth, borax, copper sulfate, manganous sulfate and Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate by weight proportion 2:1:1:1:1 form.
Described marine algae powder refers to the powder of making after brown alga is dried.
Described raw material weight component is: 80 parts of vegetables stubbles, 15 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 4 parts of oyster shell whitings, 12 parts, wood vinegar, 12 parts of humic acidss, 7 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of marine algae powders, 13 parts of Castor seed Meals, 10 parts, xylogen, 10 parts, diatomite, 20 parts of calcium-base bentonites.
The preparation method of fertilizer is:
1) vegetables stubble is crushed to 0.5cm-1.2cm length,
2) add in proportion bamboo charcoal ash, oyster shell whiting, humic acids, trace element, after marine algae powder Castor seed Meal, xylogen, diatomite 10～15, calcium-base bentonite stir, regulate C/N than to 25, add after wood vinegar, it is 60% that water regulates water content, adjusts pH value to 6.2;
3) add compost Inoculant, viable count>=2 × 10 by 1% of vegetables stubble weight
9cfu/g, piles and cuts compacting, and turning in every 7 days once, is down to below 30 DEG C to piling body central point temperature, and vegetables stubble crushed material darkens and obtains fertilizer.
The leaf vegetables vegetable growing method providing of the present invention, feature has been to adopt a kind of fertilizer of exclusive development, and vegetables stubble is wherein preserved the nutrients such as Macro and microelements, robust fibre, protein; Bamboo charcoal ash, oyster shell whiting, trace element are used for providing vegetables required calcium, magnesium, iron and trace element; Wood vinegar, humic acids, marine algae powder, Castor seed Meal, xylogen, diatomite, calcium-base bentonite, in preservation of fertility, maintain microbial balance ventilative with minimizing soil disease, loosing soil, and slowly-releasing nutrient aspect plays synergy.Fertilizer provided by the invention is very suitable for the theories such as health that modern Organic farming adheres to, safety, environmental protection, nutrition.And cost is too not high yet.
Under identical cultivation management condition, its vegetable seedling bringing out is at improving activity of root system, chlorophyll content, and complete stool dry weight, the number of blade and output aspect are all better than existing conventional seedbed system matrix.Soil after vegetables results is without hardening, the phenomenons such as disease, and microbial environment is good.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Raw material: if no special instructions, the raw material that the present invention adopts is the conventional raw material that can purchase.
Organic fertilizer formula 1: 60 parts of vegetables stubbles, 10 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 3 parts of oyster shell whitings, 15 parts, wood vinegar, 5 parts of humic acidss, 2 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of marine algae powders, 15 parts of Castor seed Meals, 8 parts, xylogen, 15 parts, diatomite, 16 parts of calcium-base bentonites;
Organic fertilizer formula 2: 80 parts of vegetables stubbles, 15 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 4 parts of oyster shell whitings, 12 parts, wood vinegar, 12 parts of humic acidss, 7 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of marine algae powders, 13 parts of Castor seed Meals, 10 parts, xylogen, 10 parts, diatomite, 20 parts of calcium-base bentonites
Organic fertilizer formula 3: 70 parts of vegetables stubbles, 20 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 4 parts of oyster shell whitings, 8 parts, wood vinegar, 15 parts of humic acidss, 10 parts of trace elements, 12 parts of marine algae powders, 10 parts of Castor seed Meals, 12 parts, xylogen, 12 parts, diatomite, 25 parts of calcium-base bentonites;
More than formula refers to, trace element: with agricultural rare-earth, borax, copper sulfate, manganous sulfate and Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 2:1:1:1:1 composition by weight proportion.
Preparation method of organic fertilizer
1) vegetables stubble is crushed to 0.5cm-1.2cm length,
2) add in proportion bamboo charcoal ash, oyster shell whiting, humic acids, trace element, after marine algae powder Castor seed Meal, xylogen, diatomite 10～15, calcium-base bentonite stir, regulate C/N than to 25, add after wood vinegar, it is 60% that water regulates water content, adjusts pH value to 6.2;
3) add compost Inoculant, viable count>=2 × 10 by 1% of vegetables stubble weight
9cfu/g, piles and cuts compacting, and turning in every 7 days once, is down to below 30 DEG C to piling body central point temperature, and vegetables stubble crushed material darkens and obtains fertilizer No. 1, and No. 2, No. 3.
The effect of embodiment 2. seedling medium of the present invention to celery seedling development
Test kind is: texts and pictures draw, and seed is purchased from Vegetable & Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science's seed retail department.
Contrast fertilizer is: the more No. 1 (N-P of flower
2o
5-K
2o=20-20-20), the more No. 8 (N-P of flower
2o
5-K
2o=20-10-20), water soluble quick-acting fertilizer is purchased from Beijing big fellow's agricultural science and technology company limited.
At the beginning of 4 months, celery seed carries out alternating temperature (20 DEG C/10 DEG C, 12h/12h) vernalization after seed soaking, sterilization.April 2, select the seed of germination neat and consistent to be sown into field.
On test plot: admix the prepared fertilizer of the present invention in soil 1～5cm degree of depth before transplanting, ratio is that fertilizer and soil weight ratio are 1:6～10;
Start in the middle of harvesting to harvesting tailend, execute (approximately 0.2～0.5cm is thick) one deck fertilizer root is thin;
Contrast plot by specification is used flower the more No. 1 and No. 8.
Seedling stage, other management were with conventional.
Measure June: 10 strains of celery seedling are chosen in every processing at random, repeats investigation seedling leaves number, complete stool dry weight for 3 times.The number of blade, complete stool dry weight have increased by 25%, 28% than contrast respectively, have reached the significance level of difference
Improving activity of root system is measured and is adopted Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride method (TTC): seedlings root vigor has improved 30% than contrast.
The amplitude that output increases is larger, has increased by 20% than contrast.
Claims (5)
1. a cultivating method for leaf vegetables, comprises the following steps:
(1) transplant the leaf vegetables vegetable seedling being bred as,
(2) fertilising: in the time transplanting, and start results to results latter stages centre soil is respectively used to fertilizer one time;
It is characterized in that: described fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following components by weight percent: 60～80 parts of vegetables stubble compost products, 10～20 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 3～4 parts of oyster shell whitings, 8～15 parts, wood vinegar, 5～15 parts of humic acidss, 2～10 parts of trace elements, 10～15 parts of marine algae powders, 10～15 parts of Castor seed Meals, xylogen 8-12 part, diatomite 10～15, calcium-base bentonite 16～25;
Described trace element by agricultural rare-earth, borax, copper sulfate, manganous sulfate and Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate by weight proportion 2:1:1:1:1 form.
2. cultivating method according to claim 1, described vegetables stubble compost product refers to the C/N ratio of vegetables stubble crushed material to be adjusted into 25, and it is 60% that water content is adjusted to, and adds viable count>=2 × 10 by 0.5% of vegetables stubble gross weight
9the compost Inoculant of cfu/g, the product making through composting fermentation process, described vegetables stubble refers to be plucked and finishes rear abandonment in the remaining plant of the vegetables in field or tissue.
3. cultivating method according to claim 1 and 2, described raw material weight component is: vegetables stubble compost product～80 part, 10～20 parts of bamboo charcoal ashes, 3～4 parts of oyster shell whitings, 8～15 parts, wood vinegar, 5～15 parts of humic acidss, 2～10 parts of trace elements, 10～15 parts of marine algae powders, 10～15 parts of Castor seed Meals, xylogen 8-12 part, diatomite 10～15, calcium-base bentonite 16～25.
4. according to the arbitrary described cultivating method of claim 1～3, described marine algae powder refers to the powder of making after brown alga is dried.
5. according to the arbitrary described cultivating method of claim 1～4, its preparation method is as follows:
1) vegetables stubble is crushed to 0.5cm-1.2cm length;
2) add in proportion bamboo charcoal ash, oyster shell whiting, humic acids, trace element, after marine algae powder Castor seed Meal, xylogen, diatomite, calcium-base bentonite stir, regulate carbon/nitrogen than to 25, add after wood vinegar, it is 60% that water regulates water content, adjusts pH value to 6.2;
3) add compost Inoculant, viable count>=2 × 10 by 1% of vegetables stubble weight
9cfu/g, piles and cuts compacting, and turning in every 7 days once, is down to below 30 DEG C to piling body central point temperature, and vegetables stubble crushed material darkens and obtains fertilizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410370087.1A CN104098408B (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2014-07-30 | A kind of cultural method of leaf vegetables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105237254A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-13 | 安徽丰原马鞍山生物化学有限公司 | Biological fertilizer |
| CN108633691A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-12 | 保山市斛皇铁皮石斛有限公司 | A kind of vegetable cultivation organic mineral substance Nutrition Soil |
| CN110651674A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-07 | 兰州市农业科技研究推广中心 | Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method |
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| CN1654441A (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2005-08-17 | 朱义年 | Leaf vegetables organic fertilizer |
| KR101155367B1 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-06-19 | 경기도 | Fertilizer for corn, green peppers and cabbage containing glycinebetaine and poly aspartic acid to reduce the use of fertilizer usage |
| CN103613437A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 | Chinese cabbage seedling fertilizer |
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| CN103641630A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-19 | 汝州市九龙牧业有限公司 | Leaf vegetable organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1654441A (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2005-08-17 | 朱义年 | Leaf vegetables organic fertilizer |
| KR101155367B1 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-06-19 | 경기도 | Fertilizer for corn, green peppers and cabbage containing glycinebetaine and poly aspartic acid to reduce the use of fertilizer usage |
| CN103664412A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-03-26 | 林炳营 | Biological organic fertilizer for leaf vegetables included in vegetables |
| CN103613437A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 | Chinese cabbage seedling fertilizer |
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| CN103641630A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-19 | 汝州市九龙牧业有限公司 | Leaf vegetable organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105237254A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2016-01-13 | 安徽丰原马鞍山生物化学有限公司 | Biological fertilizer |
| CN108633691A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-12 | 保山市斛皇铁皮石斛有限公司 | A kind of vegetable cultivation organic mineral substance Nutrition Soil |
| CN110651674A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-07 | 兰州市农业科技研究推广中心 | Greenhouse chayote sprout, garlic sprout and bitter gourd interplanting method |
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| CN104098408B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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