CN116289213A - 一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，属于聚酯纤维制备技术领域，解决了现有技术中防电磁辐射性弱、配料速率慢、助剂延展性差的问题，包括将色母粒和防电磁辐射助剂与聚酯半消光片通过配料装置配料后熔融混合，随后将纤维与玻璃纤维网交叉针刺制得纤维。本发明将聚酯半消光片与防电磁辐射助剂混合熔融，再与玻璃纤维网交叉针刺，令纤维不仅能够防电磁辐射，而且具有一定刚性支撑，形成吸音孔隙，利用配料装置分别拨动不同料筒，完成不同料物的储备过程，提升配料速率，将分料装置与配料装置相配合，按比例先后配置不同原料，料物充分混合后使助剂充分延展，提升配料的精准性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于聚酯纤维制备技术领域，具体地说，尤其涉及一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺。
背景技术
随着汽车产量的不断增加，对纺织品的需求也不断升温，全球汽车工业的发展，给汽车用纺织品带来广阔的市场，汽车用内饰面料是纺织行业内的新兴门类之一，与传统服饰用纺织品相比，它不仅要求具有美观性和装饰性，而且要求具有一定功能性，外观和材质都有特殊的要求，因而功能纺织品进入了汽车加工行业，而且用量在逐年上升。
同时随着电子、电器设备的大量使用，令地球上的电磁波大幅度增加，电磁波辐射对人类生产生活有着巨大的影响，一定强度的电磁波辐射不仅可以直接影响各个领域中电子设备的正常工作，使之控制失灵，而且还影响到日常生活，使人记忆力衰退、失眠、多梦等，因此，为结合汽车纤维内饰材料特性，从内饰材料上着手解决电磁波辐射问题。目前在防电磁波聚酯纤维的生产工艺中，大部分以PET片为原料，经过清洗、干燥、加热后熔融，再经拉丝、卷绕、牵伸后成品装包，但现在原料在配比过程中，大多按配料比称重后投入螺杆挤出机内，需要不断重复人工称取和投放过程，生产效率低下，而且由于称取后直接投放于螺杆挤出机内，混合程度低，不利于色料和助剂的延展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的不足，提供了一种防电磁辐射性强、配料速率高、助剂延展性佳的车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺。
为了实现上述技术目的，本发明车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺采用的技术方案为：
一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1利用配料装置将聚酯半消光片、色母粒以及防电磁辐射助剂按比例混合后挤压熔融，再经过滤得到基本熔体；
S2将该熔体进行复合纺丝、冷却、上油、卷绕后得半成品丝；
S3将半成品丝与玻璃纤维网面交叉针刺后获得复合毛毡，再将复合毛毡浸泡于阻燃型聚丙烯酯发泡胶乳中，随后送入热压成型机内热压成型。
优选的，所述步骤S1中色母粒为高色牢度色母粒，其中颜料含量为45～55％，聚酯半消光片、色母粒以及防电磁辐射助剂按重量比90:2:8，色母粒挤压熔融前在100～150℃下干燥8～10小时。
优选的，所述步骤S1中防电磁辐射助剂为镀银液，该镀银液以葡萄糖为还原剂，硝酸银为银盐，乙二胺和氨水为复合络合剂制成。
优选的，所述步骤S1中配料装置包括输送板、紧密排列于输送板上的多个料筒以及设于输送板外侧对料筒进行分拨的分拨组件，多个料筒包括按序间隔设置的聚酯半消光片料筒、色母粒料筒以及助剂料筒，分拨组件包括设于输送板外侧的旋转座，旋转座外周均匀分布有呈水平设置的拨杆，相邻拨杆分别与料筒前后壁相贴合，旋转座底部经立座连接有旋转盘，旋转盘外周周面均匀分布有多个楔形槽，楔形槽内卡合有定位杆，定位杆前端设有卡入楔形槽内的卡勾，腰部设有向内侧凸出的凸棱，末端转动连接于输送板外侧，凸棱与转动座外周相贴合，转动座外周设有向外凸出的凸台，转动座表面套设有驱使其转动的微型电机，微型电机外侧设有耳座，耳座底部设有与定位杆中部表面相连接的伸缩弹簧。
优选的，所述料筒出口还与分料装置相连接，分料装置包括中心料腔，料腔外周分别开设有进料道和出料道，料腔内部中心处嵌设有可转动的料盘，料盘表面覆盖有沿直径方向设置的过料道，过料道一端正对于出料道端口，料盘外周分布有四个承接料物的分料道，分料道经旋转后端口与过料道端口相承接。
优选的，所述输送板下方设有驱使其移动的驱动电机。
优选的，所述凸台表面设有多道竖直设置的凹槽。
优选的，所述进料道倾斜向上设置于所述料腔外周，所述出料道倾斜向下设置于所述料腔外周，所述进料道与出料道之间形成的夹角为直角。
优选的，所述步骤S3中乳液附着量控制在10～16g/m2。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明将聚酯半消光片与防电磁辐射助剂混合熔融，再与玻璃纤维网交叉针刺，令纤维不仅能够防电磁辐射，而且具有一定刚性支撑，形成吸音孔隙；利用配料装置分别拨动不同料筒，完成不同料物的储备过程，避免多个料筒堆积于下料处，从而造成下料顺序混乱的问题，提升配料速率；将分料装置与配料装置相配合，按比例先后配置不同原料，料物充分混合后使助剂充分延展，提升配料的精准性，避免料物配比超量，降低涤纶质量的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明中分拨组件的结构示意图。
图中：1.输送板；2.料筒；3.旋转座；4.拨杆；5.立座；6.旋转盘；7.楔形槽；8.定位杆；9.凸棱；10.转动座；11.凸台；12.微型电机；13.伸缩弹簧；14.料腔；15.进料道；16.出料道；17.料盘；18.过料道；19.分料道；20.凹槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对发明进一步说明：
如图1—图2所示，一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1利用配料装置将聚酯半消光片、色母粒以及防电磁辐射助剂按比例混合后挤压熔融，再经过滤得到基本熔体，所述色母粒为高色牢度色母粒，其中颜料含量为45～55％，聚酯半消光片、色母粒以及防电磁辐射助剂按重量比90:2:8，色母粒挤压熔融前在100～150℃下干燥8～10小时，所述防电磁辐射助剂为镀银液，该镀银液以葡萄糖为还原剂，硝酸银为银盐，乙二胺和氨水为复合络合剂制成；
S2将该熔体进行复合纺丝、冷却、上油、卷绕后得半成品丝；
S3将半成品丝与玻璃纤维网面交叉针刺后获得复合毛毡，再将复合毛毡浸泡于阻燃型聚丙烯酯发泡胶乳中，乳液附着量控制在10～16g/m2，随后送入热压成型机内热压成型。
本发明中将色母粒和防电磁辐射助剂与聚酯半消光片熔融混合，令色度均匀分布的同时于纤维表面附着防电磁辐射层，随后将纤维与玻璃纤维网交叉针刺，形成刚性支撑，使内饰纤维孔隙在刚性支撑下更具形态。
所述步骤S1中配料装置包括输送板1、紧密排列于输送板1上的多个料筒2以及设于输送板1外侧对料筒2进行分拨的分拨组件，所述输送板1下方设有驱使其移动的驱动电机，多个料筒2包括按序间隔设置的聚酯半消光片料筒、色母粒料筒以及助剂料筒，分拨组件包括设于输送板1外侧的旋转座3，旋转座3外周均匀分布有呈水平设置的拨杆4，相邻拨杆4分别与料筒2前后壁相贴合，旋转座3底部经立座5连接有旋转盘6，旋转盘6外周周面均匀分布有多个楔形槽7，楔形槽7内卡合有定位杆8，定位杆8前端设有卡入楔形槽7内的卡勾，腰部设有向内侧凸出的凸棱9，末端转动连接于输送板1外侧，凸棱9与转动座10外周相贴合，转动座10外周设有向外凸出的凸台11，转动座10表面套设有驱使其转动的微型电机12，微型电机12外侧设有耳座，耳座底部设有与定位杆8中部表面相连接的伸缩弹簧13，所述料筒出口还与分料装置相连接，分料装置包括中心料腔14，料腔外周分别开设有进料道15和出料道16，所述进料道15倾斜向上设置于所述料腔14外周，所述出料道16倾斜向下设置于所述料腔14外周，所述进料道15与出料道16之间形成的夹角为直角，料腔14内部中心处嵌设有可转动的料盘17，料盘17表面覆盖有沿直径方向设置的过料道18，过料道18一端正对于出料道16端口，料盘17外周分布有四个承接料物的分料道19，分料道19经旋转后端口与过料道18端口相承接。
本发明中，所述凸台11表面设有多道竖直设置的凹槽20。通过设置多道凹槽20，使凸台11与凸棱9之间的摩擦力更加显著。
本发明中配料装置工作时，聚酯半消光片筒、色母粒料筒以及助剂料筒每三个一组按序排列于输送板1上，相邻拨杆4分别贴合于首位料筒2两侧，启动微型电机12，与微型电机12电性连接的转动座10随之转动，转动座10表面的凸台11逐步旋转至凸棱9处，凸台11将凸棱9拨开后，凸棱9带动定位杆8向旋转盘6外侧转动，定位杆8前端的卡勾为楔形槽7提供滑动力，从而带动旋转盘6转动，与旋转盘6同轴设置的拨杆4随之转动，从而带动料筒2前移，使料筒2出口与分料装置相贴合，料物由料筒2出口进入进料道15内，由于进料道15倾斜设置，故进料道15内的料物进入分料道19内，料腔14内的料盘17转动90°，随后分料道19旋转至过料道18延伸处，分料道19内的料物进入过料道18内，随后由出料道16排出后进入混合筒内，整体实现了由大批量原料转换成小批量原料混合的过程。
综上，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用来限定本发明实施的范围，凡依本发明权利要求范围的形状、构造、特征及精神所为的均等变化与修饰，均应包括于本发明的权利要求范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1利用配料装置将聚酯半消光片、色母粒以及防电磁辐射助剂按比例混合后挤压熔融，再经过滤得到基本熔体；
S2将该熔体进行复合纺丝、冷却、上油、卷绕后得半成品丝；
S3将半成品丝与玻璃纤维网面交叉针刺后获得复合毛毡，再将复合毛毡浸泡于阻燃型聚丙烯酯发泡胶乳中，随后送入热压成型机内热压成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中色母粒为高色牢度色母粒，其中颜料含量为45～55％，聚酯半消光片、色母粒以及防电磁辐射助剂按重量比90:2:8，色母粒挤压熔融前在100～150℃下干燥8～10小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中防电磁辐射助剂为镀银液，该镀银液以葡萄糖为还原剂，硝酸银为银盐，乙二胺和氨水为复合络合剂制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中配料装置包括输送板、紧密排列于输送板上的多个料筒以及设于输送板外侧对料筒进行分拨的分拨组件，多个料筒包括按序间隔设置的聚酯半消光片料筒、色母粒料筒以及助剂料筒，分拨组件包括设于输送板外侧的旋转座，旋转座外周均匀分布有呈水平设置的拨杆，相邻拨杆分别与料筒前后壁相贴合，旋转座底部经立座连接有旋转盘，旋转盘外周周面均匀分布有多个楔形槽，楔形槽内卡合有定位杆，定位杆前端设有卡入楔形槽内的卡勾，腰部设有向内侧凸出的凸棱，末端转动连接于输送板外侧，凸棱与转动座外周相贴合，转动座外周设有向外凸出的凸台，转动座表面套设有驱使其转动的微型电机，微型电机外侧设有耳座，耳座底部设有与定位杆中部表面相连接的伸缩弹簧；
料筒出口还与分料装置相连接，分料装置包括中心料腔，料腔外周分别开设有进料道和出料道，料腔内部中心处嵌设有可转动的料盘，料盘表面覆盖有沿直径方向设置的过料道，过料道一端正对于出料道端口，料盘外周分布有四个承接料物的分料道，分料道经旋转后端口与过料道端口相承接。
5.根据权利要求4所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述输送板下方设有驱使其移动的驱动电机。
6.根据权利要求4所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述凸台表面设有多道竖直设置的凹槽。
7.根据权利要求4所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述进料道倾斜向上设置于所述料腔外周，所述出料道倾斜向下设置于所述料腔外周，所述进料道与出料道之间形成的夹角为直角。
8.根据权利要求1所述车内饰用防电磁辐射涤纶纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤S3中乳液附着量控制在10～16g/m2。
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