CN115568370A - Cultivation process of old forest white tea trees - Google Patents
Cultivation process of old forest white tea trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN115568370A CN115568370A CN202211176028.1A CN202211176028A CN115568370A CN 115568370 A CN115568370 A CN 115568370A CN 202211176028 A CN202211176028 A CN 202211176028A CN 115568370 A CN115568370 A CN 115568370A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 244000062939 Leptospermum ericoides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000017763 Leptospermum ericoides Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims description 45
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000020334 white tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020567 organic tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000209128 Bambusa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims 5
- 244000218454 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 28
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002498 deadly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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Abstract
The invention discloses an under-forest old white tea tree cultivation process, wherein an old white tea tree cultivation component comprises a water tank, a trunk clamping groove is formed in the water tank in a vertically penetrating mode, the opening of the water tank is leftward, a water storage tank for storing water is arranged in the arc-shaped inner wall of the peripheral side of the trunk clamping groove, a sleeve block is arranged on the lower side of the water tank, a trunk clamping groove A which is opposite to the trunk clamping groove in position is formed in the sleeve block in a vertically penetrating mode, the left opening of the sleeve block is leftward, and a connecting cylinder is fixedly connected between the right end face of the trunk clamping groove A and the lower end face of the water tank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of old forest white tea trees, in particular to a cultivation process of old forest white tea trees.
Background
The method protects the ecological environment for the growth of tea trees, implements a tea tree symbiosis management and protection mode, is scientific in management and green in control, provides high-quality tea tree germplasm resources for the purification and rejuvenation of Fuding tea tree germplasm, promotes the continuous, green and high-quality development of the Fuding tea industry, and is widely applied to the field of tea tree cultivation "
The old tea tree community core protection area is located at the southwestern foot of the Tailao mountain vein in the 5A-grade scenic spot of the country, the forest coverage rate of the protection area is over 99 percent, ecological resources are rich, the day and night temperature difference is large, cloud and mist exist all the year round, the air is fresh, and the old tea tree community core protection area is an extraterrestrial peach source for tea tree growth. The protected area was built from 12 months 2017 to 10 months 2021.
The protection area is formed by collecting and planting a few sporadic barren and wild old tea trees which are searched among the deep mountain old forests at all places of the fuding on the basis of 'tea forest symbiosis' to restore the original growth environment of the tea trees in the protection area and on the basis of some sporadic barren and wild old tea trees in the area of the grand mountain forests. Old tea plant community tea varieties in the protected area mainly comprise Fuding vegetable tea (native tea), fuding big white tea (Huacha No. I), fuding big pekoe tea (Huacha No. II), qile tea, happy spring and the like, and the tree ages are more than thirty years. Wherein 5000 plants of Fuding vegetable tea, 30000 plants of Fuding white tea old tea, 150000 plants of Fuding Haohao tea, 2500 plants of Qinle tea, 2500 plants of Zaohechun and 10000 plants of other varieties are planted in groups. The old tea trees which can protect the non-renewable and non-replaceable tea trees are a long-standing evidence of the origin and the tea planting and tea use of the Fuding tea trees.
As is known, the 'old tea tree community core protection area' which is constructed and managed well has great significance as the 'old tea tree community core protection area' which is unique in China. The method protects old tea trees, enriches the germplasm gene bank of the tea trees, is a foundation and germplasm support for promoting the continuous development of the tea industry, is a public welfare for benefiting descendants, provides continuous, green and high-quality development of the fuding white tea industry, provides continuous high-quality tea tree varieties, and makes new and greater contribution.
Based on the development of tea forest biochemical tea planting technology, the embodiment aims to provide a technology for protecting, developing and utilizing old white tea trees and a process flow thereof, and provides a technology which can help planting personnel to solve the problem that watering and fertilizing are frequently needed on the premise that large-scale carrying equipment cannot be used under the forest in the process of tea tree cultivation in the process of old tea cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the embodiment designs a cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea trees, which comprises the following process steps:
step 1, clearing forest lands: cleaning the forest land is the preparation work before the field planting of the whole nursery stock; the method is to comprehensively cut off weeds and miscellaneous bamboos under the canopy, and to remove masson pine by combining the control of pine wood nematodes, so that the original forest is completely reserved; the grass stump is required to be tightly attached to the ground, the height of the bamboo stump is lower than 5cm, and the cut ground cover is crushed;
step 2, stripping humus soil: stripping the surface humus soil and the surface soil at the position of the hole to be dug, and placing aside;
step 3, digging holes:
(1) The standard of the acupoints is as follows: the hole diameter is 30cm, and the hole depth is 30cm;
(2) The hole distance: the row spacing of the empty land without the forest trees is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0m, holes are dug in a 'gapping pin inserting' mode in the sparse forest land according to the original forest tree distribution condition, and reasonable density is controlled;
step 4, base fertilizer application: 2kg of natural organic fertilizer is applied to each hole, the natural organic fertilizer and humus are mixed and stirred uniformly, the mixture is used as base fertilizer and applied to the holes, and a layer of surface soil is backfilled;
step 5, transplanting the nursery stock:
(1) And (3) seedling standard: the tree height is more than 120cm, the crown width is more than 50cm, and the soil ball diameter is more than 25cm; the tea seedlings have no quarantine pest and disease damage, the tree age is more than 30 years, and the varieties are pure;
(2) Protecting the nursery stock: when the nursery stocks are out of nursery, properly trimming the nursery stocks to reduce water transpiration, protecting soil balls, and ensuring that the soil balls are not loosened during loading, transportation and carrying; the transportation vehicle is provided with a ventilating duct and a sun-shading measure, so that the seedling is prevented from being sultriness and lethal;
(3) Transplanting time: 10-12 months;
(4) Transplanting tea seedlings: carefully and vertically placing the nursery stock with the soil ball into a planting hole, fixing and compacting the nursery stock with a surface soil layer, hilling the soil slightly higher than the peripheral surface soil so that no water is accumulated after rain in the hole, and timely watering sufficient root fixing water after transplanting;
step 6, covering: covering with pulverized weed and bamboo, and keeping moisture. The product can be moisturized and cooled in summer and autumn, and can be insulated and winter-proof in winter;
step 7, tea tree management: managing according to the organic tea standard: the tea trees grow naturally without trimming, the characteristic characteristics of the original natural growth are kept, weeds and miscellaneous bamboos on the sides of holes are cut off every year, and watering and fertilizing are carried out at regular time;
step 8, picking tea leaves: the earlier stage of project production should be realized by more and less picking, and the crown can be well cultivated. Picking young shoots of 1 bud and 2 leaves of tea trees in spring, and keeping summer and autumn tea as a main part;
step 9, tea processing: the product is prepared and processed according to the organic tea standard;
in the timed watering and fertilizing process in the process step 7, the white tea old tree cultivation component is designed to complete in an auxiliary mode, so that watering and fertilizing work on tea trees is completed in an auxiliary mode under the condition that large agricultural machinery is inconvenient to use under the forest.
It may be preferred that: the white tea old tree cultivating component comprises a water tank, a trunk clamping groove is formed in the water tank in a vertically penetrating mode, the opening of the trunk clamping groove is leftward, a water storage tank used for storing water is arranged in the arc-shaped inner wall of the periphery of the trunk clamping groove, a sleeve block is arranged on the lower side of the water tank, a trunk clamping groove A opposite to the position of the trunk clamping groove is formed in the sleeve block in a vertically penetrating mode, the opening of the sleeve block is leftward, and a connecting cylinder is fixedly connected between the right side end face of the trunk clamping groove A and the lower side end face of the water tank;
an annular groove is formed in the arc-shaped inner wall of the periphery of the main clamping groove A, a permeable cotton body with water permeability is filled in the annular groove, a water tank is arranged on the right side of the sleeve block and positioned in the connecting column body, a water seepage hole valve is communicated with the annular groove, a valve is fixedly arranged in the water seepage hole valve, and when the valve is subjected to water pressure and reaches a preset value, the valve is opened and water in the water tank is drained into the permeable cotton body;
a fixed block A is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank on the right side close to the inner wall of the lower side, a fixed block B is fixedly arranged on the lower side end face of the fixed block A, an adjusting chute is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the water tank in a communicating manner, an adjusting slide block is slidably arranged in the adjusting chute, a wedge-shaped water permeable groove is arranged on the left side face of the adjusting slide block, a wedge-shaped fixed block which is clamped in the wedge-shaped water permeable groove and can be in sliding connection with the inner wall of the wedge-shaped water permeable groove is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the adjusting chute, the water quantity can be controlled by adjusting the position relation between the wedge-shaped fixed block and the adjusting slide block, and the adjusting chute is communicated with the water storage tank through a through hole;
a transmission groove is formed in the upper side of the adjusting sliding groove and positioned in the fixing block A, a transmission gear is rotatably arranged in the transmission groove, a transmission shaft is fixedly arranged at the axis of the transmission gear, one end of the transmission shaft extends into the adjusting sliding groove and is fixedly provided with a threaded rod, the threaded rod extends into a threaded hole in the adjusting sliding block and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the threaded hole, and the transmission gear is driven to rotate so as to drive the adjusting sliding block to lift and control the irrigation water amount;
and a fertilizer adding assembly is arranged on the right side surface of the water tank, and fertilizer can be added into the water tank through the fertilizer adding assembly so as to be applied.
It may be preferred that: the fertilizer adding assembly comprises a fertilizer box fixedly arranged on the end face of the right side of the water tank, a fertilizer storage box for storing fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizer box, and the lower end of the fertilizer storage box is connected with a conveying pipe for conveying the fertilizer;
a convex block is fixedly arranged on the end face of the right side of the connecting cylinder, a slide way is arranged in the convex block, a feeding groove is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the slide way in a communicated manner, the discharge end of the conveying pipe is connected with the feeding end of the feeding groove, a wedge-shaped groove is arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the slide way in a communicated manner with the water tank, the wedge-shaped groove is wedge-shaped, the slide way and the wedge-shaped groove are obliquely arranged, a slide block is slidably arranged in the slide way, a spring is fixedly connected between the slide block and the inner wall of the slide way, and a through hole is arranged in the slide block;
a traction block which can slide in the wedge-shaped groove is fixedly arranged on the left end face of the sliding block;
the utility model discloses a fertilizer feeding device, including pull block, basin, buoyancy pull block, slider, pull block left side terminal surface with fixedly connected with rope between the left side terminal surface of basin, the cover is equipped with the buoyancy pull block that density is less than water on the rope, through the buoyancy pull block can make can drive under the control of basin liquid level the pull block reaches the slider can slide and then realize the interpolation of fertilizer in the slide.
It may be preferred that: the terminal surface of nest block right side part with fixedly connected with an arc direction limiting plate between the terminal surface of water tank downside, the direction limiting plate is used for restricting the direction that applied moisture and fertilizer flowed, improves the tea tree absorptivity.
It may be preferred that: an opening groove with a rightward opening is formed in the inner wall of the right side of the transmission groove in a communicated mode, a rotary ring meshed and connected with the transmission gear is rotatably arranged in the opening groove, scales are fixedly arranged on the side face of the rotary ring and the end face of the right side of the water tank, and the scale is convenient for a user to adjust the irrigation water quantity.
It may be preferred that: the rainwater storage tank is characterized in that a notch groove is formed in the inner wall of the right side of the water storage tank, a turnover plate is rotatably arranged in the notch groove, a foldable and waterproof folding plate is connected between the front end face and the rear end face of the turnover plate and the inner wall of the front side and the rear side of the notch groove respectively, and when the rainwater storage tank is used, the folding plate is rotated to enable the folding plate to be unfolded and can receive rainwater through the turnover plate.
Has the beneficial effects that: when using, the user only need with breeding device buries with the old tea tree of white tea of planting together, in white tea growth process, can predetermine speed through this device and moisten watering to the white tea root, and apply to the white tea root along with fertilizer together, compare in the past the mode of watering a large amount, in the past a large amount of watering will certainly lead to a large amount of water loss, the tea tree really utilizes only a small amount, consequently bring more amount of labour to the peasant household under the inconvenient condition of carrying water in the forest, and likewise, this device adopts the mode of fertilizeing a small amount of many times to add fertilizer, compare in the past the mode of fertilizing a large amount of, increased the utilization ratio of fertilizer, and reduce the absorption of weeds to fertilizer around, restrain weeds and grow, reduce the follow-up degree of difficulty that weeds.
Drawings
For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following specific examples and figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow of the cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea tree of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an old white tea tree cultivating assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 in a left-hand direction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the nest block in a top view;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the water tank in a top view.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 7, and for convenience of description, the orientations described below will now be defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below coincide with the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relation of fig. 1 itself.
The invention relates to a cultivation process of an old white tea tree under forest, which is further explained by combining the attached drawings of the invention:
the cultivation process of the old forest white tea trees, as shown in the attached drawings 1-7, comprises the following process steps:
1. clearing the forest land: the forest land cleaning is the preparation work before the field planting of the nursery stock in the whole land; the method is to comprehensively cut off weeds and miscellaneous bamboos under the forest canopy, and eliminate masson pine by combining pine wood nematode control, and the original forest is completely reserved; the grass stump is required to be tightly attached to the ground, the height of the bamboo stump is lower than 5cm, and the cut ground cover is crushed;
2. stripping humus soil: stripping humus soil on the ground surface and surface soil at the position to be dug and placing aside;
3. digging holes:
(1) The standard of points is: the hole diameter is 30cm, and the hole depth is 30cm;
(2) The hole distance: the row spacing of the empty land without the forest trees is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0m, holes are dug in a 'gapping pin inserting' mode in the sparse forest land according to the original forest tree distribution condition, and reasonable density is controlled;
4. applying a base fertilizer: 2kg of natural organic fertilizer is applied to each hole, the natural organic fertilizer and humus are mixed and evenly stirred, then the mixture is applied to the holes as base fertilizer, and a layer of surface soil is backfilled;
5. transplanting the nursery stock:
(1) And (3) seedling standard: the tree height is more than 120cm, the crown width is more than 50cm, and the soil ball diameter is more than 25cm; the tea seedlings have no quarantine pest and disease damage, the tree age is more than 30 years, and the varieties are pure;
(2) Protecting the nursery stock: when the nursery stock leaves, the nursery stock is properly trimmed to reduce water transpiration, protect soil balls, and ensure that the soil balls are not loosened during loading, transportation and carrying; the transport vehicle is provided with a ventilating duct and a sun-shading measure, so that the seedling is prevented from being muggy and deadly;
(3) Transplanting time: 10-12 months;
(4) Transplanting tea seedlings: carefully and vertically placing the nursery stock with the soil ball into a planting hole, fixing and compacting the nursery stock with a surface soil layer, hilling the soil slightly higher than the peripheral surface soil so that no water is accumulated after rain in the hole, and timely watering sufficient root fixing water after transplanting;
6. covering: covering with pulverized weed and bamboo, and keeping moisture. The water-retaining agent can keep moisture and cool in summer and autumn, and can keep warm and prevent cold in winter;
7. tea tree management: managing according to the organic tea standard: the tea trees grow naturally without pruning, the characteristic characteristics of the original natural growth are kept, weeds and miscellaneous bamboos at the sides of the holes are cut off every year, and watering and fertilizing are carried out at regular time;
8. picking tea leaves: the earlier stage of project production should be realized by more and less picking, and the crown can be well cultivated. Picking tender tips of 1 bud and 2 leaves of tea trees in spring, and reserving tea in summer and autumn as a main part;
9. tea processing: the product is prepared and processed according to the organic tea standard;
in the timed watering and fertilizing process in the process step 7, the white tea old tree cultivation component is designed to complete in an auxiliary mode, so that watering and fertilizing work on tea trees is completed in an auxiliary mode under the condition that large agricultural machinery is inconvenient to use under the forest.
Advantageously, as shown in fig. 2 to 7, the old white tea tree cultivating assembly includes a water tank 101, a trunk neck 103 is vertically arranged in the water tank 101 in a penetrating manner and has a leftward opening, a water storage tank 102 for storing water is arranged in an arc-shaped inner wall of the periphery of the trunk neck 103, a sleeve block 108 is arranged at the lower side of the water tank 101, a trunk neck a109 is vertically arranged in the sleeve block 108 in a penetrating manner and has a leftward opening, the position of the trunk neck a109 is opposite to that of the trunk neck 103, and a connecting column 117 is fixedly connected between a right end face of the trunk neck a109 and a lower end face of the water tank 101;
an annular groove 111 is formed in the arc-shaped inner wall of the peripheral side of the main clamping groove A109, a permeable cotton body 112 with water permeability is filled in the annular groove 111, a water tank 118 is arranged on the right side of the sleeve block 108 and located in the connecting cylinder 117, a water permeability hole valve 114 is communicated between the water tank 118 and the annular groove 111, a valve 114 is fixedly arranged in the water permeability hole valve 114, and when the valve 114 is subjected to water pressure to reach a preset value, the valve 114 is opened and water in the water tank 118 is discharged into the permeable cotton body 112;
a fixed block A121 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank 102 on the right side close to the inner wall of the lower side, a fixed block B126 is fixedly arranged on the lower side end face of the fixed block A121, an adjusting chute 161 is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the water tank 118 in a communicated manner, an adjusting slide block 137 is slidably arranged in the adjusting chute 161, a wedge-shaped water permeable groove 135 is arranged on the left side face of the adjusting slide block 137, a wedge-shaped fixed block 136 which is clamped in the wedge-shaped water permeable groove 135 and can be in sliding connection with the inner wall of the wedge-shaped water permeable groove 135 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the adjusting chute 161, the water quantity can be controlled by adjusting the position relation of the wedge-shaped fixed block 136 and the adjusting slide block 137, and the adjusting chute 161 is communicated with the water storage tank 102 through a through hole 124;
a transmission groove 122 is formed in the upper side of the adjusting sliding groove 161 and is located in the fixed block a121, a transmission gear 123 is rotatably arranged in the transmission groove 122, a transmission shaft 128 is fixedly arranged at the axis of the transmission gear 123, one end of the transmission shaft 128 extends into the adjusting sliding groove 161 and is fixedly provided with a threaded rod 133, the threaded rod 133 extends into a threaded hole 134 in the adjusting slider 137 and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the threaded hole 134, and the driving gear 123 is driven to rotate so as to drive the adjusting slider 137 to lift and lower to control the irrigation water amount;
a fertilizer adding assembly is arranged on the right side surface of the water tank 101, and fertilizer can be added into the water tank 118 through the fertilizer adding assembly so as to be fertilized.
Advantageously, as shown in fig. 2 to fig. 5, the fertilizer adding assembly includes a fertilizer box 104 fixedly disposed on a right end face of the water tank 101, a fertilizer storage box 105 for storing fertilizer is disposed in the fertilizer box 104, and a conveying pipe 106 for conveying fertilizer is connected to a lower end of the fertilizer storage box 105;
a convex block 141 is fixedly arranged on the right end face of the connecting column 117, a slide way 145 is arranged in the convex block 141, a feeding groove 143 is arranged in the upper inner wall of the slide way 145 in a communicated manner, the discharging end of the conveying pipe 106 is connected with the feeding end of the feeding groove 143, a wedge-shaped groove 142 is arranged in the left inner wall of the slide way 145 in a communicated manner with the water groove 118, the wedge-shaped groove 142 is wedge-shaped, the slide way 145 and the wedge-shaped groove 142 are both obliquely arranged, a sliding block 146 is slidably arranged in the slide way 145, a spring 144 is fixedly connected between the sliding block 146 and the inner wall of the slide way 145, and a through hole 147 is arranged in the sliding block 146;
a traction block 148 capable of sliding in the wedge-shaped groove 142 is fixedly arranged on the left end face of the sliding block 146;
a rope 116 is fixedly connected between the left end face of the traction block 148 and the left end face of the water tank 118, a buoyancy traction block 115 with the density smaller than that of water is sleeved on the rope 116, and the traction block 148 and the sliding block 146 can be driven to slide in the slide way 145 under the control of the liquid level of the water tank 118 through the buoyancy traction block 115, so that fertilizer addition is realized.
Beneficially, an arc-shaped direction limiting plate 107 is fixedly connected between the end face of the right side portion of the sleeve block 108 and the end face of the lower side of the water tank 101, and the direction limiting plate 107 is used for limiting the flowing direction of applied moisture and fertilizer, so that the tea tree absorption rate is improved.
Beneficially, an opening groove 132 with a rightward opening is formed in the inner wall of the right side of the transmission groove 122 in a communicating manner, a rotary block 131 meshed with the transmission gear 123 is rotatably arranged in the opening groove 132, scales are fixedly arranged on the side surface of the rotary block 131 and the right end surface of the water tank 101, and accordingly a user can conveniently adjust the irrigation amount through the scales.
Advantageously, as shown in fig. 2, a notch groove 151 is provided in the inner wall of the right side of the water storage tank 102, a turning plate 152 is rotatably provided in the notch groove 151, a foldable and waterproof folding plate 153 is respectively connected between the front and rear end faces of the turning plate 152 and the front and rear inner walls of the notch groove 151, and when in use, the folding plate 153 is rotated to unfold, so that rainwater can be received through the turning plate 152.
When the tea tree is cultivated and maintained through the white tea old tree cultivating component:
when old tea trees are transplanted and planted, main tea stems are sleeved in the main stem clamping grooves 103 and the main stem clamping grooves A109, the lower side end faces of the sleeve blocks 108 are abutted against the roots of the tea trees, the tea trees are planted, and during planting, the cultivation soil is buried to a height which is higher than the connecting position of the connecting cylinder 117 and the water tank 101 and lower than the position of the rotary ring 131;
after planting, a user fills water into the water storage tank 102, fills powdery or small granular fertilizer into the fertilizer storage tank 105, rotates the rotary ring 131 to drive the transmission gear 123 to rotate, drives the transmission shaft 128 and the threaded rod 133 to rotate, and adjusts the height of the adjusting slide block 137, so as to adjust the space between the wedge-shaped fixing block 136 and the wedge-shaped water permeable groove 135 to adjust the water seepage amount;
when the water amount in the water tank 118 reaches the preset value of the valve 114, the valve 114 is opened, the water in the water tank 118 is discharged into the annular groove 111 through the water seepage hole valve 114 to infiltrate the seepage cotton body 112, then the root of the tea tree is infiltrated through the seepage cotton body 112 and is diffused to the root-dividing part from the main root of the tea tree to the periphery, when the water level in the water tank 118 is lowered, the buoyancy traction block 115 falls down and pulls the slide block 146 to move to the left side, the fertilizer falling into the through hole 147 is brought into the water tank 118, when water is fed next time, the slide way 145 is gradually reset and dissolves the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is diffused to the root-dividing part from the main root of the tea tree to the periphery to increase the absorption rate of the fertilizer;
in the using process, the turning plate 152 is opened, so that rainwater can be collected and utilized in rainy days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when using, the user only need with breeding device buries with the old tea tree of white tea of planting together, in white tea growth process, can predetermine speed through this device and moisten and water white tea root to apply to white tea root along with fertilizer together, compare the mode of watering in a large amount in the past, it is liable to lead to a large amount of water loss to water in a large number, what the tea tree really utilized is only a small amount, consequently bring more amount of labour to the inconvenient condition of peasant household's transport water in the forest under, and is the same, this device adopts the mode of fertilizeing a small amount of many times to add fertilizer, compare the mode of fertilizeing in a large amount in the past, increased the utilization ratio of fertilizer, and reduce the absorption of weeds to fertilizer around, restrain weeds and grow, reduce the follow-up degree of difficulty of weeding.
In the above manner, a person skilled in the art can make various changes depending on the operation mode within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cultivation process of an old forest white tea tree comprises the following steps:
step 1, cleaning forest lands;
step 2, stripping humus soil: stripping humus soil on the ground surface and surface soil at the position to be dug and placing aside;
step 3, digging holes:
(1) The standard of the acupoints is as follows: the hole diameter is 30cm, and the hole depth is 30cm;
(2) Hole distance: the row spacing of the vacant land without forest trees is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0m, holes are dug in a 'gapping pin' mode according to the distribution condition of the original forest trees in the sparse forest land, and the reasonable density is controlled;
step 4, base fertilizer application: 2kg of natural organic fertilizer is applied to each hole, the natural organic fertilizer and humus are mixed and evenly stirred, then the mixture is applied to the holes as base fertilizer, and a layer of surface soil is backfilled;
step 5, transplanting the nursery stock:
(1) And (3) seedling standard: the tree height is more than 120cm, the crown width is more than 50cm, and the soil ball diameter is more than 25cm; the tea seedlings have no quarantine pest and disease damage, the tree age is more than 30 years, and the varieties are pure;
(2) Protecting the nursery stock: when the nursery stock leaves, the nursery stock is properly trimmed to reduce water transpiration, protect soil balls, and ensure that the soil balls are not loosened during loading, transportation and carrying; the transportation vehicle is provided with a ventilating duct and a sun-shading measure, so that the seedling is prevented from being sultriness and lethal;
(3) Transplanting time: 10-12 months;
(4) Transplanting tea seedlings: carefully vertically placing the nursery stock with the soil ball into a planting hole, fixing and compacting the nursery stock with a surface soil layer, hilling the nursery stock slightly higher than the peripheral surface soil so that no water is accumulated in the hole after rain, and timely watering enough root fixing water after transplanting;
and 6, covering: covering with pulverized weed and bamboo, and keeping moisture. The water-retaining agent can keep moisture and cool in summer and autumn, and can keep warm and prevent cold in winter;
step 7, tea tree management: managing according to organic tea standards: the tea trees grow naturally without trimming, the characteristic characteristics of the original natural growth are kept, weeds and miscellaneous bamboos on the sides of holes are cut off every year, and watering and fertilizing are carried out at regular time;
step 8, picking tea leaves: picking in the earlier stage of project production should be carried out with more and less picking, and the crowns are well cultivated; picking young shoots of 1 bud and 2 leaves of tea trees in spring, and keeping summer and autumn tea as a main part;
step 9, tea processing: the product is prepared and processed according to the organic tea standard;
in the timed watering and fertilizing process in the process step 7, the white tea old tree cultivation component is designed to complete in an auxiliary mode, so that watering and fertilizing work on tea trees is completed in an auxiliary mode under the condition that large agricultural machinery is inconvenient to use under the forest.
2. The cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the white tea old tree cultivating component comprises a water tank, a trunk clamping groove is formed in the water tank in a vertically penetrating mode, the opening of the trunk clamping groove is leftward, a water storage tank used for storing water is arranged in the arc-shaped inner wall of the periphery of the trunk clamping groove, a sleeve block is arranged on the lower side of the water tank, a trunk clamping groove A opposite to the position of the trunk clamping groove is formed in the sleeve block in a vertically penetrating mode, the opening of the sleeve block is leftward, and a connecting cylinder is fixedly connected between the right side end face of the trunk clamping groove A and the lower side end face of the water tank;
an annular groove is formed in the arc-shaped inner wall of the periphery of the main clamping groove A, permeable cotton bodies with water permeability are filled in the annular groove, a water tank is arranged on the right side of the sleeve block and in the connecting column body, a water seepage hole valve is communicated between the water tank and the annular groove, and a valve is fixedly arranged in the water seepage hole valve;
a fixing block A is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the right side of the water storage tank close to the inner wall of the lower side, a fixing block B is fixedly arranged on the end face of the lower side of the fixing block A, an adjusting chute is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the water tank in a communicating manner, an adjusting slide block is arranged in the adjusting chute in a sliding manner, a wedge-shaped water permeable groove is arranged on the left side face of the adjusting slide block, a wedge-shaped fixing block which is clamped in the wedge-shaped water permeable groove and can be in sliding connection with the inner wall of the wedge-shaped water permeable groove is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the adjusting chute, and the adjusting chute is communicated with the water storage tank through a through hole;
a transmission groove is formed in the upper side of the adjusting sliding groove and positioned in the fixing block A, a transmission gear is rotatably arranged in the transmission groove, a transmission shaft is fixedly arranged at the axis of the transmission gear, one end of the transmission shaft extends into the adjusting sliding groove and is fixedly provided with a threaded rod, and the threaded rod extends into a threaded hole in the adjusting sliding groove and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the threaded hole;
and a fertilizer adding assembly is arranged on the right side surface of the water tank, and fertilizer can be added into the water tank through the fertilizer adding assembly so as to be applied.
3. The cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea tree as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fertilizer adding assembly comprises a fertilizer box fixedly arranged on the end face of the right side of the water tank, a fertilizer storage box for storing fertilizer is arranged in the fertilizer box, and the lower end of the fertilizer storage box is connected with a conveying pipe for conveying fertilizer;
a convex block is fixedly arranged on the end face of the right side of the connecting cylinder, a slide way is arranged in the convex block, a feeding groove is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the slide way in a communicated manner, the discharge end of the conveying pipe is connected with the feeding end of the feeding groove, a wedge-shaped groove is arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the slide way in a communicated manner with the water tank, the wedge-shaped groove is wedge-shaped, the slide way and the wedge-shaped groove are obliquely arranged, a slide block is slidably arranged in the slide way, a spring is fixedly connected between the slide block and the inner wall of the slide way, and a through hole is arranged in the slide block;
a traction block capable of sliding in the wedge-shaped groove is fixedly arranged on the left end face of the sliding block;
the water tank is characterized in that a rope is fixedly connected between the end face of the left side of the traction block and the end face of the left side of the water tank, and a buoyancy traction block with the density smaller than that of water is sleeved on the rope.
4. The cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea tree as claimed in claim 3, wherein: an arc-shaped direction limiting plate is fixedly connected between the end surface of the right side part of the sleeve block and the end surface of the lower side of the water tank.
5. The cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea tree as claimed in claim 4, wherein: an opening groove with a rightward opening is formed in the inner wall of the right side of the transmission groove in a communicated mode, a rotary ring meshed and connected with the transmission gear is rotatably arranged in the opening groove, and scales are fixedly arranged on the side face of the rotary ring and the end face of the right side of the water tank.
6. The cultivation process of the under-forest old white tea tree as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a notch groove is formed in the inner wall of the right side of the water storage tank, a turnover plate is rotatably arranged in the notch groove, and a foldable and waterproof folding plate is connected between the front end face and the rear end face of the turnover plate and the inner wall of the front side and the rear side of the notch groove respectively.
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