CN115198997A - 一种装饰面复合spc石塑地板 - Google Patents

一种装饰面复合spc石塑地板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115198997A
CN115198997A CN202211019740.0A CN202211019740A CN115198997A CN 115198997 A CN115198997 A CN 115198997A CN 202211019740 A CN202211019740 A CN 202211019740A CN 115198997 A CN115198997 A CN 115198997A
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China
Prior art keywords
decorative surface
spc
parts
temperature
composite
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CN202211019740.0A
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English (en)
Inventor
宋剑刚
符家进
刘福清
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Unilin BV
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Zhejiang Yongyu Household Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211019740.0A priority Critical patent/CN115198997A/zh
Publication of CN115198997A publication Critical patent/CN115198997A/zh
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开涉及一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板。本发明属于合成地板领域，具体说涉及一种装饰复合SPC石塑地板，SPC基板和形成于SPC基板上的装饰面，所述装饰面为木质板或竹质板，所述装饰面的含水率控制在5‑7％。所述SPC基板分为上层、中层、下层，主要成分为聚氯乙烯树脂粉，碳酸钙，钙锌稳定剂，内润滑剂，PE蜡，氯化聚乙烯CPE，丙烯酸酯ACR，复合润滑剂，着色剂。本发明所得到的地板，既能保证装饰面无翘曲变形，又不影响地板的其它性能，成本较低。

Description

一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板
本申请是申请日为2019年9月3日的题为“一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板”的中国专利申请号201910828033.8的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明属于合成地板领域，具体说涉及一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板。
背景技术
在地面装饰材料中，竹地板、实木地板或复合木地板，需要使用大量的自然竹材、木材资源，随着人们对环保的要求及自然的保护意识增强，其使用受到限制，成本也越来越高，而且在制备过程中使用了许多甲醛的胶粘剂，即使在使用很久，房间里也会留有甲醛气味。另一方面，在长期的使用过程中，如果受潮会发生底板变形等问题，特别是在平房及楼房的底层，或者海边、湖边的房屋，在潮湿的季节更加严重。
针对现有的装饰材料存在的缺点，需要寻找新的材料来替代上述材料。目前市面上出现了一种新的替代产品：PVC石塑地板，PVC石塑地板是以钙粉与PVC混合制得的板材为基板，表面通过覆膜、开槽处理后的地面用铺装材料，是一种高品质、高科技的新型地面装饰材料，超强耐磨，表面光亮而不滑，堪称二十一世纪高科技新型材料的典范。通过在PVC石塑基板的表面贴上木皮，可使其使得实木的外观效果，然而木皮在PVC石塑基板的表面容易发生翘曲，导致加工过程中的次品率过高。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决现有石塑地板存在的上述缺陷，提供一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，可有效解决翘曲变形问题。
本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，SPC基板和形成于SPC基板上的装饰面，所述装饰面为木质板或竹质板，所述装饰面的含水率控制在5-7％。
上述技术方案中，通过控制装饰面的含水率，通过对含水率的控制，来解决装饰面在石塑地板的表面容易发生翘曲的问题。
作为优选，所述SPC基板的主要成分为聚氯乙烯树脂粉，碳酸钙，钙锌稳定剂，内润滑剂，PE蜡，氯化聚乙烯CPE，丙烯酸酯ACR，复合润滑剂，着色剂。
作为优选，所述SPC基板分为上层、中层、下层，其中，上层成分组成为聚氯乙烯树脂粉100份，碳酸钙270-300份，钙锌稳定剂4-6份，内润滑剂0.5-1份，PE蜡0.6-1.0份，氯化聚乙烯CPE 2-5份，丙烯酸酯ACR 1-3份，复合润滑剂0.5-1份，着色剂0.5-0.7份。
其中中层成分组成为聚氯乙烯树脂粉100份，碳酸钙350-380份，钙锌稳定剂4-6份，内润滑剂0.5-0.8份，PE蜡0.6-0.9份，氯化聚乙烯CPE 2-4份，丙烯酸酯ACR 1-3份，复合润滑剂0.5-0.8份，着色剂0.5-0.7份。
其中下层成分组成为聚氯乙烯树脂粉100份，碳酸钙270-300份，钙锌稳定剂4-6份，内润滑剂0.5-1份，PE蜡0.6-1.0份，氯化聚乙烯CPE 2-5份，丙烯酸酯ACR 1-3份，复合润滑剂0.5-1份，着色剂0.5-0.7份。
上层和下层采用相同的配方，物理化学性能完全一致，在受到挤压或者水浸渍或与装饰面贴合时，对装饰面的翘曲的限制作用更好。且配方相同，对地板的加工和生产成本的控制上更为便利。
作为优选，所述中层1.5mm-4mm。中层的厚度对SPC基板的支撑强度、地板的强度起关键作用，但是厚度超过4mm，抗翘曲效果受影响。
作为优选，所述上层1.0mm-2.0mm、下层1.0mm-2.0mm。
作为优选，所述基板总厚度4-7mm。
作为优选，所述装饰面厚度0.5-1.5mm。
作为优选，所述装饰面与SPC基板之间设置有胶粘层。
作为优选，所述胶粘层采用冷胶聚氨酯胶粘剂形成。
作为优选，所述胶粘层通过辊涂冷压工艺形成。
作为优选，所述装饰面之上设置有UV涂层。
进一步优选，所述UV涂层采用水性双组份聚氨酯涂料获得。
作为优选，为改善地板静音效果，地板背部可贴静音层，静音层由PE、EVA、PU等有机聚合物发泡材料构成。
本发明还提供上述装饰面复合SPC石塑地板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
S-1.制备SPC基材板，经过砂光定厚，得到SPC基板；
S-2.装饰面、与SPC基板之间采用冷胶贴合，进行冷压；
S-3.冷压之后进行表面砂光、拉丝处理；
S-4.表面UV处理，获得成品。
所述SPC基材板采用共挤方式形成。
SPC基材板共挤的主机机筒温度170-210℃，合流芯温度140-180℃，模具温度170-210℃，主机转速18-20r/min，喂料转速7-16r/min挤出速度1400-1500mm/min，辊筒温度175-200℃。
通过上述技术方案，本发明具有如下的优点：本发明所得到的地板，既能保证装饰面无翘曲变形，又不影响地板的其它性能，成本较低。
附图说明
附图1为本发明一实施例所得地板的结构示意图；
附图2为本发明一实施例中制备SPC基材板的简易流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例，对发明的技术方案作进一步的详细说明。
一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，包括SPC基板10和装饰面20、粘合SPC基板和装饰面的胶粘层30，所述装饰面20为木质板或竹质板，所述装饰面的含水率控制在5-7％。胶粘层30采用冷胶聚氨酯胶粘剂形成，通过辊涂冷压形成。
所述SPC基板分为上层、中层、下层，所述上层、下层以PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙为主要材料，优选配方参见表1：
表1.上层、下层的组成
Figure BDA0003813806470000051
所述中层以PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙为主要材料，优选配方参见表2：
表2.中层的组成
Figure BDA0003813806470000052
实施例1：
SPC基板采用表1-2中所列出的组分。
在本实施例中，如附图2所示，该地板的制造方法包括，首先按照表1中的原料和投放量向A挤出机中投放；按照表2向B挤出机投放。A挤出机同时挤出等质量、等厚度的上层和下层，B挤出机挤出中层。随后挤出进入模具流道分配器中，使得中层位于上层与下层中间，随后进入模口挤压形成SPC基材。所述中层4mm。所述上、下层厚度相同，1.0mm。
各挤出机主机机筒温度200-210℃，合流芯温度160-180℃，模具温度200-210℃，主机转速18-20r/min，喂料转速7-16r/min挤出速度1400-1450mm/min，辊筒温度175-180℃。
由此，上中下之间没有胶黏剂存在。模具出板经过底纹辊1与镜面辊2之间压制底纹，并将基材输送至镜面辊3与压纹辊4之间出板，定型冷却，裁切成型得SPC石塑基板。由此，三层之间没有胶黏剂存在，更加环保，也降低了地板制作成本。
所述竹皮(木皮)面层制作方法：竹皮(木皮)面层的底面经120-150目砂带砂光至表面平整，然后进窑完，关闭窑门进行阶梯式升温，温度设定35℃恒温10小时之后继续升温，温度需在24小时之内达到50℃，当温度达到50℃后进行喷淋3小时，使湿度达到和温度相差3个百分点，然后在50℃温度下平衡24小时，使湿度降到和温度相差10个百分点，然后在温度50℃温度下进行喷淋3小时，使湿度达到和温度相差5个百分点，在50℃温度下平衡60小时，使湿度降到和温度相差10个百分点，直至抽查检验绝干含水率达到板坯所需含水率为止，含水率控制在5-7％。装饰面厚度0.5mm-l.5mm。
所述SPC基板与装饰层需通过胶水复合。胶水本实施例优选方案为冷胶聚氨酯类，也可以采用PUR(湿反应聚氨酯热熔胶)。SPC基板与装饰层贴合工艺的冷胶复合工艺参数见表3。
表3.SPC基板与装饰层贴合工艺的冷胶复合工艺参数为：
Figure BDA0003813806470000071
固化剂采用多异氰酸酯固化剂。
SPC基板与装饰层冷压工艺参数见表4。
表4.SPC基板与装饰层冷压工艺参数
工序关键点 单位压力 温度/℃ 冷压时间
工艺要求 1.5Mpa/cm<sup>2</sup> 25-30 6h
实施例2：
与实施例1的不同在于，上层、中层、下层的配比上有不同，具体配比见表1-2。各挤出机主机机筒温度170-180℃，合流芯温度140-150℃，模具温度170-210℃，主机转速18-20r/min，喂料转速7-16r/min挤出速度1400-1500mm/min，辊筒温度175-200℃。中层厚度3mm。所述上、下层厚度相同，1.5mm。
实施例3：
与实施例1的不同在于，上层、中层、下层的配比上有不同，具体配比见表1-2。各挤出机主机机筒温度180-190℃，合流芯温度140-180℃，模具温度180-190℃，主机转速18-20r/min，喂料转速7-16r/min挤出速度1500mm/min，辊筒温度180-185℃。
对比例1：
与实施例1的不同在于，含水率控制在小于5％。
对比例2：
与实施例1的不同在于，含水率控制在大于7％。
对比例3：
与实施例1的不同在于，SPC基板的三层合并为一层，都采用实施例1中层的配方。
对比例4：
与实施例1的不同在于，SPC基板上下层的组分如表1。
对比例5：
与实施例1的不同在于，SPC基板中层的组分如表2。
对各实施例和对比例所得地板进行性能测试，测试结果见表5。
表5.实施例1-3、对比例1-5所得的SPC石塑地板的性能测试。
Figure BDA0003813806470000081
Figure BDA0003813806470000091
本具体实施方式仅仅是对本发明的解释，并不是对本发明的限制。本领域技术人员在阅读了本发明的说明书之后所做的任何改变，只要在本发明权利要求书的范围内，都将受到专利法的保护。

Claims (6)

1.一种装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，其特征在于，包括SPC基板和形成于SPC基板上的装饰面，所述装饰面为木质板或竹质板，所述装饰面的含水率控制在5-7％；其中，
所述SPC基板分为上层、中层、下层，其中，所述上层成分组成为聚氯乙烯树脂粉100份，碳酸钙270-300份，钙锌稳定剂4-6份，内润滑剂0.5-1份，PE蜡0.6-1.0份，氯化聚乙烯CPE2-5份，丙烯酸酯ACR 1-3份，复合润滑剂0.5-1份，着色剂0.5-0.7份；
所述中层成分组成为聚氯乙烯树脂粉100份，碳酸钙350-380份，钙锌稳定剂4-6份，内润滑剂0.5-0.8份，PE蜡0.6-0.9份，氯化聚乙烯CPE 2-4份，丙烯酸酯ACR 1-3份，复合润滑剂0.5-0.8份，着色剂0.5-0.7份；
所述下层成分组成为聚氯乙烯树脂粉100份，碳酸钙270-300份，钙锌稳定剂4-6份，内润滑剂0.5-1份，PE蜡0.6-1.0份，氯化聚乙烯CPE 2-5份，丙烯酸酯ACR 1-3份，复合润滑剂0.5-1份，着色剂0.5-0.7份；
所述上层的厚度为1.0mm-2.0mm，所述下层的厚度为1.0mm-2.0mm，所述中层的厚度为1.5mm-4mm；
所述装饰面厚度为0.5-1.5mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，其特征在于，所述基板总厚度为4-7mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，其特征在于，所述SPC基材板采用共挤方式形成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，其特征在于，所述装饰面与SPC基板之间设置有胶粘层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装饰面复合SPC石塑地板，其特征在于，所述胶粘层通过辊涂冷压工艺形成。
6.如权利要求1所述的装饰面复合SPC石塑地板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S-1.制备SPC基材板，经过砂光定厚，得到SPC基板；
S-2.装饰面、与SPC基板之间采用冷胶贴合，进行冷压；
其中，所述装饰面制作方法包括：
将所述木质板或所述竹质板放入窑内进行阶梯式升温，温度设定35℃恒温10小时之后继续升温，温度在24小时内达到50℃；
当温度达到50℃后进行喷淋3小时，使湿度达到和温度相差3个百分点，然后在50℃温度下平衡24小时，使湿度降到和温度相差10个百分点；
然后在50℃温度下进行喷淋3小时，使湿度达到和温度相差5个百分点，在50℃温度下平衡60小时，使湿度降到和温度相差10个百分点，直至所述装饰面的含水率控制在5-7％；
S-3.冷压之后进行表面砂光、拉丝处理；
S-4.表面UV处理，获得成品。
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