CN114347601A - 高稳定性的热压成型地板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

高稳定性的热压成型地板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114347601A
CN114347601A CN202111447746.3A CN202111447746A CN114347601A CN 114347601 A CN114347601 A CN 114347601A CN 202111447746 A CN202111447746 A CN 202111447746A CN 114347601 A CN114347601 A CN 114347601A
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陶坚峰
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Changzhou Xinou New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及热压成型地板技术领域，尤其是涉及一种高稳定性的热压成型地板，包括通过热压成型的地板装饰层和基材，所述基材按照重量份数包括下述原料：氯化PVC 75份、碳酸钙150‑350份、稳定剂7‑20份、内润滑剂1.0‑5.0份、外润滑1.0‑5.0、加工助剂3‑15份，制备时将基材按照材料配比后放入挤出机，并通过挤出机挤塑成型，再将基材与地板装饰层通过多层压机热压成型。本发明使用氯化PVC作为主材，替代原始5型PVC树脂粉，使产品表现出比常规PVC地板更优异的稳定性。氯化PVC是将PVC树脂进一步氯化制得，因为氯含量的增加，使氯化PVC树脂中极性元素的含量增加，其物理力学性能，特别是耐高温稳定性、耐高温变形能力、耐候性、耐老化及阻燃性能较PVC有很大提高。

Description

高稳定性的热压成型地板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及地板加工技术领域，尤其是涉及一种热压成型地板及其制备方法。
背景技术
热压成型地板一般指PVC地板，其主要成分为聚氯乙烯。由于其花色丰富色彩多样，PVC地板被广泛用于居家和商业的各方面。塑胶地板是当今世界上非常流行的一种新型轻体地面装饰材料，也称为“轻体地材”，是一种在欧美及亚洲的日韩广受欢迎的产品，风靡国外，从80年代初开始进入中国市场，至今在国内的大中城市已经得到普遍的认可，使用非常广泛，比如室内家庭、医院、学校、办公楼、工厂、公共场所、超市、商业、体育场馆等各种场所。
但市面上常见的热压成型的PVC地板是使用5型PVC树脂粉通过挤塑做成SPC基材，然后将SPC基材与装饰层、耐磨层等部分通过热压成型。热压成型过程中，高温下普通PVC的分子链开始运动并重新排布，在压力的作用下开始向四周扩散取向，破坏了基材原有的稳定性，所以导致地板的热稳定性明显变差，经测试普通PVC生产的热压成型地板在回火前，尺寸变化率会达到0.25％(测试方法：国标GB/T 34440、欧标ISO 23999、美标ASTM F2199)，甚至还会超过0.25％，然而这个测试结果明显高于国标(GB/T34440)或国外标准(ISO10582、ASTM F1700)，所以最终不得不进行回火，提高产品的稳定性，使测试达标。但回火会影响产品表观以及产品的平整度。甚至像高光的PVC表面地板或高光的浸渍纸层压地板，无法进行回火，因为回火会影响产品的高光表现。在耐高温稳定性、耐高温变形能力、耐候性、耐老化及阻燃性上PVC材质的表现都较差。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种耐高温稳定性、耐高温变形能力、耐候性、耐老化及阻燃性都大大提高的高稳定性的热压成型地板及其制造工艺。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种高稳定性的热压成型地板，包括通过热压成型的地板装饰层和基材，所述基材按照重量份数包括下述原料：氯化PVC75份、碳酸钙150-350份、稳定剂7-20份、内润滑剂1.0-5.0份、外润滑1.0-5.0、加工助剂3-15份。
在上述技术方案中，所述稳定剂为钙锌稳定剂或稀土稳定剂。
在上述技术方案中，内润滑剂为液体石蜡或聚乙烯蜡或低分子量聚丙烯。
在上述技术方案中，所述外润滑剂为硬脂酸或硬脂酸丁酯。
在上述技术方案中，所述加工助剂，为ACR、CPE、ABS、MBS、OPE中的一种或多种组合而成。
在上述技术方案中，所述地板装饰层包括设在基材的一侧的面层，所述面层的材质为花纹纸或耐磨纸，且面层的表面上具有PVC印刷膜。
在上述技术方案中，所述地板装饰层包括设在基材的一侧的背层，背层的材质为花纹纸或平衡纸。
为了实现上述目的本发明还提供了一种制备热压成型地板的制备方法，用于制备上述高稳定性的热压成型地板，步骤如下：
S1将氯化聚乙烯树脂粉、碳酸钙、稳定剂、内润滑剂、外润滑剂、加工助剂通过高速混合机预混合，混合均匀的原料使用双螺杆挤出机，通过高温混合、塑化、成型等阶段制得所述高稳定性热压成型地板的基材；
S2将基材与喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸，按照产品所需结构铺装；
S3使用多层压机在110-145℃的温度及8MPa-15MPa的压力下热压成型，完成地板装饰层表面效果及装饰层与基材部分的贴合过程，制备得所述高稳定性热压成型地板。
为了实现上述目的本发明还提供了一种制备热压成型地板的制备方法，用于上述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：步骤如下：
S1氯化聚乙烯树脂粉、碳酸钙、稳定剂、内润滑剂、外润滑剂、加工助剂通过高速混合机预混合，混合均匀的原料使用双螺杆挤出机，通过高温混合、塑化、成型等阶段制得所述高稳定性热压成型地板的基材；
S2将基材与PVC耐磨层、PVC印刷膜、PVC中料、PVC底料按照产品所需结构铺装；
S3使用多层压机在110-145℃的温度及8MPa-15MPa的压力下热压成型，完成地板各结构与基材部分的贴合过程，制备得所述高稳定性热压成型地板。
综上所述，采用本发明的技术方案相较于传统技术手段具有的有益效果是：本发明使用氯化PVC作为主材，替代原始5型PVC树脂粉，使产品表现出比常规PVC地板更优异的稳定性。氯化PVC是将PVC树脂进一步氯化制得，因为氯含量的增加，使氯化PVC树脂中极性元素的含量增加，其物理力学性能，特别是耐高温稳定性、耐高温变形能力、耐候性、耐老化及阻燃性能较PVC有很大提高。经过国标(GB/T 34440)、欧标(ISO 23999)、美标(ASTMF2199)尺寸稳定性测试方法验证，将尺寸变化率控制在了0.15％以内，完全符合行业内及各国制定的聚氯乙烯硬质地板的标准。
具体实施方式
以下依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过以下的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
本发明提供了一种高稳定性的热压成型地板，包括通过热压成型的地板装饰层和基材，其特征在于：所述基材按照重量份数包括下述原料：氯化PVC75份、碳酸钙150-350份、稳定剂7-20份、内润滑剂1.0-5.0份、外润滑1.0-5.0、加工助剂3-15份。
所述稳定剂为钙锌稳定剂或稀土稳定剂。
内润滑剂为液体石蜡或聚乙烯蜡或低分子量聚丙烯。
所述外润滑剂为硬脂酸或硬脂酸丁酯。
所述加工助剂，为ACR、CPE、ABS、MBS、OPE中的一种或多种组合而成。
所述地板装饰层包括设在基材的一侧的面层，所述面层的材质为花纹纸或耐磨纸，且面层的表面上具有PVC印刷膜。
所述地板装饰层包括设在基材的一侧的背层，背层的材质为花纹纸或平衡纸。
实施例一
基材配方：
氯化聚氯乙烯75份
碳酸钙225份
稳定剂7份
内润滑剂1.4份
外润滑剂1.3份
加工助剂6份
基材通过双螺杆挤出机挤出成型
面层：喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸
基材：由上述配方挤塑制得
底层：喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸
将基材与喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸，按照产品所需结构铺装，然后将面层、基材、底层使用多层压机热压成型，热压温度145℃，热压时间30min，热压压力14MPa。
测试结果如下表：
Figure BDA0003384367200000051
实施例二
基材配方：
氯化聚氯乙烯75
碳酸钙225份
稳定剂7份
内润滑剂1.4份
外润滑剂1.3份
加工助剂6份
基材通过双螺杆挤出机挤出成型
面层：PVC中料、PVC印刷膜、PVC耐磨层
基材：由上述配方挤塑制得
底层：PVC底料
将基材与PVC耐磨层、PVC印刷膜、PVC中料、PVC底料按照产品所需结构铺装，使用多层压机热压成型，热压温度145℃，热压时间45min，热压压力10MPa。
测试结果如下表：
Figure BDA0003384367200000061
地板装饰层的可选方案如下：
面层使用喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸，背层同面层使用喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸；
面层使用喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸，背层使用平衡纸；
面层使用花纹纸、耐磨纸，背层使用平衡纸；
面层使用PVC印刷膜、耐磨纸，背层使用平衡纸；
面层使用PVC印刷膜、PVC耐磨层，无背层；
面层使用PVC中料、PVC印刷膜、PVC耐磨层，背层使用PVC底料；
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种高稳定性的热压成型地板，包括通过热压成型的地板装饰层和基材，其特征在于：所述基材按照重量份数包括下述原料：氯化PVC 75份、碳酸钙150-350份、稳定剂7-20份、内润滑剂1.0-5.0份、外润滑1.0-5.0、加工助剂3-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：所述稳定剂为钙锌稳定剂或稀土稳定剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：内润滑剂为液体石蜡或聚乙烯蜡或低分子量聚丙烯。
4.根据权利要求1所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：所述外润滑剂为硬脂酸或硬脂酸丁酯。
5.根据权利要求1所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：所述加工助剂，为ACR、CPE、ABS、MBS、OPE中的一种或多种组合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：所述地板装饰层包括设在基材的一侧的面层，所述面层的材质为花纹纸或耐磨纸，且面层的表面上具有PVC印刷膜。
7.根据权利要求1所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：所述地板装饰层包括设在基材的一侧的背层，背层的材质为花纹纸或平衡纸。
8.一种制备热压成型地板的制备方法，用于制备权利要求1-7所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：步骤如下：
S1将氯化聚乙烯树脂粉、碳酸钙、稳定剂、内润滑剂、外润滑剂、加工助剂通过高速混合机预混合，混合均匀的原料使用双螺杆挤出机，通过高温混合、塑化、成型等阶段制得所述高稳定性热压成型地板的基材；
S2将基材与喷涂耐磨浸胶花纹纸，按照产品所需结构铺装；
S3使用多层压机在110-145℃的温度及8MPa-15MPa的压力下热压成型，完成地板装饰层表面效果及装饰层与基材部分的贴合过程，制备得所述高稳定性热压成型地板。
9.一种制备热压成型地板的制备方法，用于制备权利要求1-7所述高稳定性的热压成型地板，其特征在于：步骤如下：
S1将氯化聚乙烯树脂粉、碳酸钙、稳定剂、内润滑剂、外润滑剂、加工助剂通过高速混合机预混合，混合均匀的原料使用双螺杆挤出机，通过高温混合、塑化、成型等阶段制得所述高稳定性热压成型地板的基材；
S2将基材与PVC耐磨层、PVC印刷膜、PVC中料、PVC底料按照产品所需结构铺装；
S3使用多层压机在110-145℃的温度及8MPa-15MPa的压力下热压成型，完成地板各结构与基材部分的贴合过程，制备得所述高稳定性热压成型地板。
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CN1910046A (zh) * 2004-01-12 2007-02-07 诺誉有限公司 高温外部建筑产品
CN107718826A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-23 浙江晶通塑胶有限公司 木塑地板及其制备方法
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