CN114982561A - Method for recovering mine by utilizing wild flax and wild flax harvesting method - Google Patents
Method for recovering mine by utilizing wild flax and wild flax harvesting method Download PDFInfo
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- 244000236527 Linum perenne Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 235000008569 Linum perenne Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010017553 Furuncle Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010012434 Dermatitis allergic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/06—Harvesting of standing crops of flax or similar fibrous plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax and a wild flax harvesting method, comprising the following steps: in the first 5 months, leveling and compacting the land of a mine waste dump and a coal gangue hill, loosening the soil, uniformly scattering a primary biodegradation agent diluent, then excavating a gathered ditch by using a ditcher, filling organic fertilizer in the gathered ditch, watering thoroughly 2-3 days before planting, and planting wild flax; inspecting the planted wild flax, performing drip irrigation watering, measuring the water content of soil at a drip irrigation drip point of 9-11cm in summer, starting watering when the thickness of dry soil reaches 3cm, and stopping watering in autumn; applying a secondary biological degradation agent diluent to the roots of the wild flax seedlings in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the roots of plants, watering for the second time in April in the next year, and artificially weeding weeds in the whole growth period at any time when the weeds are found; harvesting in July every year from the second year after planting; the invention successfully utilizes the wild flax to carry out greening on the mine, saves land resources and creates commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine treatment, and particularly relates to a method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax and a wild flax harvesting method.
Background
The development and utilization of mine mineral resources effectively promote the national economic and social development, but the mining of mines can cause serious damage to the environment, particularly, the mines after mining have no vegetation growth, so that water and soil loss, debris flow and other disasters are caused, so that how to green the mines and prevent the water and soil loss becomes an urgent problem to be solved, but as heavy metal elements are generated in mining activities and enter the surrounding soil, excessive heavy metals in the soil are very unfavorable for the plant growth, so that the general plant roots are seriously damaged and the main roots cannot be extended, on the other hand, the mine mostly has low temperature, the climate is not suitable for the growth of plants, the vegetation is not easy to survive, and the mine repairing and greening effects are finally influenced, based on the problems, the invention provides a method for recovering the mines by utilizing the wild flax and a wild flax harvesting method, the wild flax is a drought-tolerant, cold-tolerant and salt-alkali-tolerant plant, and the planting method of the invention has good effect on the recovery of mines.
Disclosure of Invention
The biological degradation agent and the plant growth liquid adopted by the invention are provided by Shandong tianying biological technology limited company.
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax and a wild flax harvesting method, the wild flax is planted on a mine refuse dump and a coal gangue dump, the advantages of drought resistance, cold resistance and salt and alkali resistance of the wild flax are utilized, the mine is successfully regressed, land resources are saved, and meanwhile, the commercial value is also created, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
a method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax comprises the following steps:
step 1, planting wild flax: in the first 5 months, leveling and compacting the land of a mine waste dump and a coal gangue hill, loosening soil by 5-8cm, uniformly scattering a primary biodegradation agent diluent, excavating a gathered ditch with the width of 15-20cm, the depth of 25-35cm and the row spacing of 70-90cm by using a ditcher, filling organic fertilizer in the gathered ditch, watering thoroughly 2-3 days before planting, and planting flax;
step 2, performing management and protection on the wild flax: the planted wild flax is patrolled, drip irrigation watering is adopted, in summer, the water content of soil at a drip irrigation water drip point of 9-11cm is measured, watering is started when the thickness of dry soil reaches 3cm, and watering is stopped in autumn, because coal gangue generates heat, particularly in high-temperature summer, watering is required in time, and the root burning phenomenon is prevented; applying a secondary biological degradation agent diluent to the roots of the wild flax seedlings in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the roots of plants and influencing the growth of the wild flax, wherein the plants absorbing the heavy metals grow out are also harmful to the health of people after being ingested by human bodies; in the spring of the next year, no drought is needed, water is poured for the second time till May, and in the whole growth period, the weeds are artificially weeded at any time, and the growth of the weeds is strictly controlled in summer or autumn, so that the weeds cannot grow to compete with the wild flax for nutrition; the wild flax is a drought-tolerant, cold-tolerant and saline-alkali-tolerant plant, the overwintering water is not needed before overwintering, the drip irrigation can be withdrawn, and the wild flax is harvested in the second year and then laid again, so that the service life of the pipeline is prolonged.
And step 3, harvesting: and harvesting the seeds in July every year from the second year after planting.
Further, the biodegradable diluent is a mixed solution of a biodegradable stock solution and warm water at 50-60 ℃, and the ratio of the biodegradable stock solution to the warm water is 1: 100-150.
Further, the method for planting the wild flax in the step 1 is a precision seeder seeding method, wild flax seeds are placed into a growth medium diluent to be soaked for 10-12 hours, after moisture is drained, the seeds are sowed on the surface of an organic fertilizer by a precision seeder according to the row spacing of 70-90cm and the plant spacing of 30-35cm, then the seeds are buried into the soil by the impact of water drops through a spraying device by a water spraying and covering method like raining, the surface of the soil is kept wet for more than half a month, seedling emergence still does not exist at the bottom of seven months, seedling planting and seedling supplementing are adopted, the fact that no less than 3500 seedlings grow per mu of land is ensured, and the method is adopted for seeding, and the seedling emergence rate is 60-70%.
Further, the method for planting the wild flax in the step 1 is a seedling pot seedling growing method, the wild flax seeds are placed in a growth liquid diluent for soaking for 10-12 hours and then planted in a seedling pot at the beginning of May, the wild flax seeds are planted in the seedling pot, when the young wild flax seedlings grow to be 3-5cm high in the late July, the young wild flax seedlings are transplanted to the land of a mine waste dump and a coal gangue dump according to the row spacing of 70-90cm, the plant spacing of 30-35cm and the density of 3000 plus 4000 seedlings per mu, the seedlings are watered after being transplanted, the tour is performed once every week, the withered seedlings are found to be replanted beside the land, and the survival rate is not lower than 3500 plants per mu before the autumn and winter; the method is adopted for sowing, and the emergence rate is 80-90%; although the wild flax grows to be 5-8cm high in the current year, the roots can grow to be 80-100cm deep, and the roots accumulate the force for the overground part of the next year.
Further, the growth solution diluent is a mixed solution of a growth solution stock solution and warm water at 50-60 ℃, and the ratio of the growth solution stock solution to the warm water is 1: 100-150.
Further, immediately applying an organic fertilizer with the width of 35-45cm and the thickness of 8-12cm along the planting direction after the wild flax is harvested.
Further, the organic fertilizer is aired for 8-13 days and then is planted for the second time.
Furthermore, after being aired for 10 days, the solar terms are top-lying, and secondary planting is carried out by adopting a precision seeder seeding method.
Furthermore, after being aired for 10 days, the solar term is medium, and secondary planting is carried out by adopting a seedling raising pot seedling raising planting method.
Furthermore, drip irrigation is adopted to water for 2-4 hours every 1-3 days after seedling transplantation.
On the other hand, weeds are removed before harvesting, the wild flax is cut and dried by a cutting and sunning all-in-one machine in sunny days before the wild flax blooms, and the harvested wild flax is dried in the shade or in a drying mode. (the plants can not bloom when being harvested, once the plants bloom, the nutrient contents of the plants are concentrated in flowers and fruits, the effective components of stem leaves can be greatly reduced, the plants are harvested on a sunny day, and long-time insolation of cut wild flax is avoided, because the effective components in the insolated plants can lose part).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention plants the wild flax on the mine waste dump and the coal gangue dump, repairs the mine by utilizing the advantages of drought resistance, cold resistance and salt and alkali resistance of the wild flax, successfully regresses the mine, also successfully plants the wild flax by utilizing the mine waste land, the wild flax is a rare Chinese herbal medicine, has obvious efficacy on treating diseases such as furunculosis, furuncle, allergic dermatitis and the like, and creates commercial value while saving land resources.
2. The invention adopts the plant growth liquid with proper proportion to treat the seed of the wild flax, prepares for the planting in the second year after the wild flax is harvested in the first year, ensures the cyclic growth of the wild flax, and can accumulate the power for the overground part of the next year by bundling 800-1000cm deep roots although the wild flax only grows for 5-8cm in the current year.
3. The invention applies the biological degradation agent on the root of the seedling of the wild flax in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the root of the plant, and simultaneously, the invention also carries out systematic management and protection after the seedling of the wild flax, thereby further ensuring the survival rate and the growth vigor of the wild flax, and under the auxiliary action of the plant growth liquid, the wild flax can be successfully planted in a mine refuse dump and a coal gangue dump, and the seedling emergence rate can reach 90 percent.
4. The invention adopts two planting methods, namely a precision seeder seed-spraying seed-covering method and a seedling-raising pot seedling-raising planting method, and can select the planting method according to actual conditions.
5. The invention discloses a specific harvesting method of wild flax, which ensures the utilization rate of the wild flax, also reserves the maximum medicinal value of the wild flax, has commercial prospect and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for mine restoration using wild flax;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the effect of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below, but the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
Example 1
A method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax comprises the following steps:
step 1, planting wild flax: in the first 5 months, leveling and compacting the land of a mine waste dump and a coal gangue hill, loosening soil by 5cm, uniformly scattering a primary biodegradation agent diluent, excavating a gathered ditch with the width of 15cm, the depth of 25cm and the row spacing of 70cm by using a ditcher, filling organic fertilizer in the gathered ditch, watering thoroughly 2 days before planting, and planting wild flax;
step 2, performing management and protection on the wild flax: performing patrol on the planted wild flax, adopting drip irrigation watering, measuring the water content of soil at a 9cm position of a drip irrigation water drip point in summer, starting watering when the thickness of dry soil reaches 3cm, and stopping watering in autumn; applying a secondary biological degradation agent diluent to the roots of the wild flax seedlings in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the roots of plants, watering for the second time in April in the next year, and artificially weeding weeds in the whole growth period at any time when the weeds are found;
and step 3, harvesting: and harvesting the seeds in July every year from the second year after planting.
And the biodegradable diluent is a mixed solution of a biodegradable stock solution and warm water at 50 ℃, and the ratio of the biodegradable stock solution to the warm water is 1: 100, respectively;
and the method for planting the wild flax in the step 1 is a precision seeder seeding method, wild flax seeds are placed into a growth medium diluent to be soaked for 10 hours, after moisture is drained, the seeds are sowed on the surface of an organic fertilizer by a precision seeder according to the row spacing of 70 rows and the plant spacing of 30-35cm, the seeds are buried in the soil by a water spraying and seed covering method, the surface of the ground is kept wet for half a month, seedlings are still not emerged to the bottom of July, the seedlings are picked up to be replanted, and the fact that no less than 3500 seedlings grow per mu of the ground is ensured.
The growth solution diluent is a mixed solution of growth solution stock solution and warm water at 50 ℃, and the ratio of the growth solution stock solution to the warm water is 1: 100.
and applying an organic fertilizer with the width of 35cm and the thickness of 8-cm along the planting direction immediately after the wild flax is harvested.
And after the organic fertilizer is aired for 8 days, secondary planting is carried out, and a precision seeder seeding method is adopted for secondary planting.
Example 2
A method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax comprises the following steps:
step 1, planting wild flax: in the first 5 months, leveling and compacting the land of a mine waste dump and a coal gangue hill, loosening the soil by 8cm, uniformly scattering a primary biodegradation agent diluent, excavating a gathered ditch with the width of 20cm, the depth of 35cm and the row spacing of 90cm by using a ditcher, filling organic fertilizer in the gathered ditch, watering thoroughly 3 days before planting, and planting wild flax;
step 2, performing management and protection on the wild flax: inspecting the planted wild flax, performing drip irrigation watering, measuring the water content of the soil 11cm away from a drip irrigation water drip point in summer, starting watering when the thickness of dry soil reaches 3cm, and stopping watering in autumn; applying a secondary biological degradation agent diluent to the roots of the wild flax seedlings in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the roots of plants; watering for the second time in April in the next year, and finding out that the weeds are artificially weeded at any time in the whole growth period;
and step 3, harvesting: and harvesting the seeds in July every year from the second year after planting. And the method for planting the wild flax in the step 1 is a seedling pot seedling planting method, the wild flax seeds are placed in a growth solution diluent for soaking for 11 hours and then planted in seedling pots at the beginning of the fifth month, the growth solution diluent is a mixed solution of a growth solution stock solution and warm water of 55 ℃, and the ratio of the growth solution stock solution to the warm water is 1: 125.
planting the seeds of the wild flax in seedling pots, transplanting the seedlings from the seedling pots to the land of a mine refuse dump and a coal gangue dump according to the row spacing of 90cm, the plant spacing of 35cm and the density of 3500 seedlings per mu when the seedlings of the wild flax grow to 5cm in the last ten days of July, watering the seedlings after transplanting, and patrolling once every week to find that withered seedlings are replanted beside one seedling, thereby ensuring that the survival rate is not lower than 3500 seedlings per mu before winter in autumn.
And the biodegradable diluent is a mixed solution of a biodegradable stock solution and warm water with the temperature of 55 ℃, and the ratio of the biodegradable stock solution to the warm water is 1: 125,
and immediately after the wild flax harvest is finished, applying an organic fertilizer with the width of 45cm and the thickness of 12cm along the planting direction.
And carrying out secondary planting after the organic fertilizer is aired for 13 days, and carrying out secondary planting by adopting a seedling raising pot seedling raising planting method.
Furthermore, drip irrigation was applied every 3 days for 4 hours after seedling transplantation.
Example 3
A method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax comprises the following steps:
step 1, planting wild flax: in the first 5 months, loosening soil for 6cm after leveling and compacting the mine waste dump and the land of the coal gangue dump, uniformly scattering a primary biodegradation agent diluent, then excavating a gathered ditch with the width of 15cm, the depth of 30cm and the row spacing of 80cm by using a ditcher, filling organic fertilizer in the gathered ditch, and watering thoroughly 2.5 days before planting to plant wild flax;
step 2, performing management and protection on the wild flax: inspecting the planted wild flax, performing drip irrigation watering, measuring the water content of soil at a 10cm position of a drip irrigation water drop point in summer, starting watering when the thickness of dry soil reaches 3cm, and stopping watering in autumn; applying a secondary biological degradation agent diluent to the roots of the wild flax seedlings in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the roots of plants; watering for the second time in April in the next year, and finding out that the weeds are artificially weeded at any time in the whole growth period;
and step 3, harvesting: and harvesting the seeds in July every year from the second year after planting.
And the biodegradable diluent is a mixed solution of a biodegradable stock solution and warm water at 60 ℃, and the ratio of the biodegradable stock solution to the warm water is 1: 150
And the method for planting the wild flax in the step 1 is a fine sowing machine sowing method, wild flax seeds are placed in a growth medium diluent to be soaked for 11 hours, after moisture is drained, the seeds are sowed on the surface of an organic fertilizer by a fine sowing machine according to 80cm row spacing and 32cm plant spacing, the seeds are buried in the soil by a watering and covering method, the surface of the ground is kept wet for more than half a month, seedling emergence still does not exist until the bottom of July, and seedling planting and seedling supplementing are carried out, so that the situation that no less than 3500 seedlings grow per mu of the ground is ensured.
The growth solution diluent is a mixed solution of growth solution stock solution and warm water at 60 ℃, and the ratio of the growth solution stock solution to the warm water is 1: 150.
and applying organic fertilizer with the width of 40cm and the thickness of 10cm to the wild flax along the planting direction immediately after the harvest of the wild flax.
And after the organic fertilizer is aired for 10 days, secondary planting is carried out, and a precision seeder seeding method is adopted for secondary planting.
Example 4
Weeds are removed before the wild flax planted in the embodiment 3 is harvested, the wild flax is harvested and planted in a sun-cutting all-in-one machine in sunny days before the wild flax blooms, the cut wild flax is prevented from being exposed to the sun for a long time, and the harvested wild flax is dried in a drying or shade drying mode.
Comparative example 1
The proportion of the stock solution of the growth-removing liquid to warm water is 1: 90 different from the embodiment 2, the technical scheme of the embodiment 2 is adopted for experimental planting, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
The proportion of the stock solution except the growth liquid to the warm water is 1: 160 is different from the embodiment 2, the other technical schemes of the embodiment 2 are adopted for experimental planting, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
In the comparative example, the technical scheme of the embodiment 2 is adopted for experimental planting except that the seeds are not soaked by the growth liquid diluent, and the specific data are shown in the table 1.
Comparative example 4
In the comparative example, the technical scheme of example 3 is adopted for experimental planting except that the seeds are not soaked by the growth liquid diluent, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 growth Effect of growth Medium on Linum usitatissimum
As can be seen from Table 1, the rate of emergence of example 2 is significantly higher than that of comparative examples 1-2, and the growth height is also significantly higher than that of comparative examples 1 and 2, which indicates that the ratio of the stock solution of the growth liquid to the temperature adopted by the invention is 2-4: 98-96 is the best mixture ratio, the emergence rate and the growth height of the flax can be obviously improved, and the comparative examples 3 and 4 are not applied with the growth liquid, so that the emergence rate and the growth height have larger differences than those of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2, which shows that the growth liquid adopted by the invention has larger growth assistance to the flax.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example used the protocol of example 2 except that no biodegradation agent was applied, and the specific data are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 6
The proportion of the biodegradation removing agent to the warm water in the comparative example is 1: 90 differs from the embodiment 2 in that the scheme of the embodiment 2 is adopted, and the specific data are shown in the table 2.
Comparative example 7
The proportion of the biodegradation agent to the warm water in the comparative example is 1: 160 is different from the embodiment 2, the scheme of the embodiment 2 is adopted, and the specific data are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 growth Effect of the biodegradation agent Linum usitatissimum
As can be seen from Table 2, the root diameter, emergence rate and growth height of the wild flax harvested in example 2 are obviously improved compared with those of comparative examples 5-7, because the proportion of the biodegradation agent and water adopted in the invention is 1: 100-150 is the best mixture ratio and is beneficial to the growth of the flax, and the comparative examples 6-7 are more robust than the comparative example 5 because the comparative example 5 does not apply the biodegradation agent, so that the heavy metal ions are absorbed by the roots of the plants to influence the growth of the plants.
In conclusion, the method provided by the invention is adopted to plant the wild flax in the mine dump and the coal gangue dump to repair the mine, so that the mine is successfully subjected to greening, the environment is protected, the land resource is saved, the commercial value is created, and the application prospect is wide.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recovering a mine by utilizing wild flax is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, planting wild flax: in the first 5 months, leveling and compacting the land of a mine waste dump and a coal gangue hill, loosening soil by 5-8cm, uniformly scattering a primary biodegradation agent diluent, excavating a gathered ditch with the width of 15-20cm, the depth of 25-35cm and the row spacing of 70-90cm by using a ditcher, filling organic fertilizer in the gathered ditch, watering thoroughly 2-3 days before planting, and planting flax;
step 2, performing management and protection on the wild flax: performing tour and drip irrigation watering on the planted wild flax, measuring the water content of soil at a drip irrigation point of 9-11cm in summer, starting watering when the thickness of dry soil reaches 3cm, and stopping watering in autumn; applying a secondary biological degradation agent diluent to the roots of the wild flax seedlings in the middle ten days of June to prevent heavy metals in soil from being absorbed by the roots of plants, watering for the second time in April in the next year, and artificially weeding weeds in the whole growth period at any time when the weeds are found;
step 3, harvesting: and harvesting the seeds in July every year from the second year after planting.
2. The method for recovering a mine by utilizing the linum usitatissimum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linum usitatissimum planting method in step 1 is a precision seeder seeding method, linum usitatissimum seeds are soaked in a growth solution diluent for 10-12 hours, the seeds are sowed on the surface of an organic fertilizer by a precision seeder according to a row spacing of 70-90cm and a plant spacing of 30-35cm after moisture is drained, the seeds are buried in soil by a watering cover method, the surface of the soil is kept moist for more than half a month, seedlings still do not emerge at the bottom of seven months, and the seedlings are planted and replanted, so that the seedlings are ensured to grow into no less than 3500 seedlings per mu of land.
3. The method for recovering a mine by utilizing the wild flax as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for planting the wild flax in the step 1 is a seedling pot seedling planting method, the seeds of the wild flax are placed in a growth solution diluent for soaking for 10-12 hours and then planted in the seedling pot in the beginning of May, when the young seedlings of the wild flax grow to be 3-5cm high in the late July, the young seedlings are transplanted from the seedling pot to the land of a mine dump and a coal gangue dump according to the row spacing of 70-90cm, the plant spacing of 30-35cm and the density of 4000 seedlings per mu, the seedlings are irrigated by drip irrigation after the seedlings are transplanted, and the weak seedlings are found to be replanted beside one seedling after the seedlings are patrolled once every week.
4. The method for mine restoration by utilizing flax as claimed in claim 2, wherein the growth solution diluent is a mixture of growth solution stock solution and warm water of 50-60 ℃, and the ratio of growth solution stock solution to warm water is 1: 100-150.
5. The method for recovering the mine by utilizing the linum usitatissimum as claimed in claim 4, wherein the organic fertilizer with the width of 35-45cm and the thickness of 8-12cm is applied along the planting direction immediately after the linum usitatissimum is harvested, and the organic fertilizer is aired for 8-13 days and then is planted for the second time.
6. The method for mine restoration by utilizing wild flax as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biodegradation agent diluent is a mixed solution of a biodegradation agent stock solution and warm water of 50-60 ℃, and the ratio of the biodegradation agent stock solution to the warm water is 1: 100-150.
7. The method for recovering the mine by utilizing the wild flax as claimed in claim 6, wherein the solar term is top-lying after airing for 10 days, and secondary planting is carried out by adopting a precision seeder seeding method.
8. The method for recovering mines by utilizing flax as claimed in claim 6, wherein the solar term is medium voltage after 10 days of airing, and secondary planting is carried out by seedling raising pot planting method.
9. The method for mine restoration using linum usitatissimum according to claim 3, wherein drip irrigation is used for watering for 2-4 hours every 1-3 days after seedling transplantation.
10. The method for harvesting flax planted by the method for recovering a mine by using flax as claimed in claim 4, wherein weeds are removed before harvesting, the flax is harvested on a sunny day by using a cutting and drying all-in-one machine before flowering, long-time exposure of the harvested flax is avoided, and the harvested flax is dried in the shade or by drying.
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