CN114946512B - Cultivation method for improving growth performance of garlic fruit plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultivation method for improving growth performance of garlic fruit plants, relates to the technical field of garlic fruit cultivation seedling and afforestation, and aims to solve the problems of low seedling rate and gradual decline of seedling growth in the garlic fruit cultivation process. The invention changes the traditional garlic fruit cultivation mode, adopts a scientific planting method based on the specific root hemiparasitic characteristic of the garlic fruit, and continuously improves the growth performance of the garlic fruit plants by reasonably planting host plants in different development stages of the garlic fruit plants and assisting with scientific maintenance measures. The method fundamentally corrects the traditional maintenance and management measures which are mutually contradictory to the semi-parasitic characteristics of the roots of the garlic fruits, and solves the problems of low seedling rate of the garlic fruits and gradual decline of the growth vigor of seedlings.

Description

A kind of cultivation method for improving the growth performance of garlic head plant

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and relates to a cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of garlic clove plants and keeping them in a good growth state.

Background technique

Malania oleifera Chun & SK Lee is an evergreen tree of the genus Malania of the family Olacaceae , and it is a single species endemic to China. The content of nervonic acid in the seeds and kernels of garlic head is as high as 42%, which is the plant with the highest nervonic acid content currently known, and has great application potential in the development of brain health care products. In addition, the poisonous protein in the seeds and kernels of the garlic can be used to develop anti-cancer drugs. The wood of the garlic is an excellent material for construction and furniture. Its plants are naturally distributed in the limestone mountains and have strong adaptability. It is the key to ecological restoration and rocky desertification control in karst areas. Excellent tree species. Despite its great economic development value and ecological restoration function, the extant resources of Alliflora are very limited due to habitat disturbance and early resource abuse. Although a large number of studies have been carried out to discuss the cultivation and afforestation technology of C. alba in the early stage, it has not fundamentally solved the problems of low seedling rate and declining growth of seedlings in the process of artificial cultivation of C. vulgaris, which limits the resources of . protection and exploitation.

In the previous attempts at cultivation and afforestation of C. aurantium, the cultivation management and afforestation techniques of conventional plants were adopted, without considering the unique biological characteristics of C. melon, resulting in an unsatisfactory effect. Our recent research has found that alliflora has root hemiparasitic properties. Due to the large difference in nutrient absorption strategies between root semi-parasitic plants and ordinary plants, the cultivation and protection methods suitable for conventional green plants cannot meet the growth needs of root semi-parasitic plants, and traditional management and protection measures such as weeding and pine ground are not conducive to garlic and The host establishes a parasitic relationship, which is contrary to the demand for the semi-parasitic characteristics of the root of A. bulbil and causes fatal damage to it.

Only a small number of related studies in the early stage have only found the root semi-parasitic characteristics and host range of A. serrata, or selected some plants that do not exist in the habitat of A. sylvaticus and are not suitable for cultivation and afforestation as hosts to confirm its impact on the growth of S. serratus. However, the reasonable selection of host species has not been discussed in combination with the cultivation and afforestation practice of garlic, nor the preference for host plants in different developmental stages of garlic, nor the critical period of host planting and management measures to achieve scientific conservation of seedlings. Provide specific guidance on the cultivation and afforestation of garlic cloves.

In order to solve the problems of the low seedling rate and the decline of seedling growth in the artificial cultivation process of garlic, it is necessary to carry out more in-depth and systematic research on the semi-parasitic characteristics of the roots of garlic, and on this basis, put forward suitable biological characteristics and The method of cultivation, protection and afforestation based on the characteristics of physiological needs achieves the purpose of continuously improving the growth performance and improving the growth state of garlic clove plants in cultivation and afforestation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method that can continuously improve the growth performance of garlic clove plants and keep them in a good growth state.

In this method, robust seedlings are obtained by selecting seeds with good maturity, rationally storing them, and promoting germination in a timely manner. In the seedling stage, reasonable hosts are planted as soon as possible to achieve sustainable strong seedlings. Survival rate, scientifically plant good hosts of the garlic at the seedling stage and the adult stage to realize the establishment of a stable and sustainable parasitic relationship with the host at each developmental stage of the garlic, and balance the relationship between the garlic and the host plants at various stages through a number of maintenance measures. The relationship between parasitism and competition can realize the sustained and healthy growth of the garlic clove plant and its host plant, and solve the problems of low seedling rate and annual decline of plant growth in the existing clover clover cultivation and afforestation process.

The present invention is mainly realized through the following technical solutions:

Aiming at the semi-parasitic characteristics of the roots of the garlic head, according to the selection preference of different host plants in different developmental stages, the invention reasonably matches the host plants in different development stages and supplements it with scientific maintenance and management measures, so as to promote the continuous maintenance of the garlic head fruit plants in good condition. Growth state; Cultivation method mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) Plant herbaceous host plants at the same period or at the seedling stage when the seeds are sown, so that the garlic and the host can successfully establish a parasitic relationship, improve the growth state of the seedlings, and improve the stress resistance level and survival rate of the seedlings;

(2) Transplant together with the herbaceous host plant when the seedlings are transplanted. When the plants of the herbaceous host plant are taller than the garlic, the host is pruned;

(3) Plant shrub host plants and/or arbor host plants within one year after the seedlings are transplanted.

The period of planting host plants was selected according to the initial time of parasitic organ production and the temporal characteristics of seed storage nutrient consumption after seedlings were unearthed. Parasitic organs are produced successively about 6 weeks after the seedlings were unearthed. Before that, planting host plants for them is conducive to the early formation of parasitic relationships and promotes the development of garlic seedlings; About a year after unearthed, the nutrients stored in seeds are exhausted, and the degree of dependence on host plants increases. At this time, the nutrient supply of herbaceous hosts can no longer meet the growth needs of garlic head, so it is necessary to plant shrub hosts to meet the needs of growth. The growth requirements of garlic at the seedling stage, and the planting of arboroid hosts to meet the growth requirements of garlic at the adult stage. Although Alli can obtain nutrients from the host by parasitizing the host at the root, it still needs to synthesize photosynthetic products by itself to maximize the accumulation of biomass. Due to the competition of light resources between the aerial part of the host plant and the garlic, and the slow growth of the garlic in the early stage, it is necessary to consider the cultivation distance when planting the host, so as to avoid excessive competition between the host plant and the garlic for light resources. Shrub hosts can be cultivated in a relatively close distance with Alliflora, but the cultivation distance from tree hosts needs to be relatively far. Planting the host at the seedling stage and the adult stage within one year can allow enough time for the root system of various plants to make contact with the root system of the corresponding host and establish a parasitic relationship before being under nutrient stress. nutrient requirements.

Further, in step (1), seeds with good maturity are selected to be stored and sown after promoting germination, so as to obtain robust seedlings of garlic cloves; seeds with good maturity refer to seeds with full kernels collected after mid-to-late September. The seeds need to be removed before storage, rinsed with clean water, soaked in 500-fold diluted 50wt% carbendazim wettable powder for 25-30 minutes to disinfect the seed surface, and dried naturally and stored at room temperature in a river with a water content of 10-15wt%. in sand or perlite. Gradually increase the humidity of perlite or river sand in the early spring of the following year to promote seed germination. Sow seedlings in rock seedbeds with a spacing of 25 cm to obtain bare root seedlings; sow in non-woven bags filled with substrates, with 1 seed per bag, to obtain bagged seedlings.

Further, in the step (1), the seedling stage of A. bulbifera refers to within 6 weeks after the seedlings are unearthed. According to the results of our previous experiments, the parasitic organs of A. alba develop gradually about 6 weeks after the seedlings are unearthed, which is a key period for establishing a parasitic relationship with the host. Before this, the planting of host plants for it can make the oar and the host earlier. Create a parasitic relationship. The photosynthetic rate and plant growth performance of the plants with the host at the same time of sowing or within 6 weeks after the emergence of the seedling were better than that of the plant with the host later. The herbaceous host plants are preferably herbaceous host plants with developed root system, rapid growth and pruning resistance. Further preferably, the herbaceous host plants include one or more of Asteraceae, Artemisia annua, or Punta canadensis. The distance between the herbaceous host plant and the garlic clove seeds or seedlings is 5-10 cm. The root system of the herbaceous host grows faster and has a low degree of lignification, which is more likely to be parasitized by the parasitic organs of the seedlings of A. bulbil, and can promote the growth of A. bulbil in close-up planting conditions. In production, both bagged seedlings and bare-root seedlings belong to the space-intensive cultivation mode, so it is better to use herbs as hosts at the same time of sowing/seedling stage. The selection of host species at the seedling stage should consider three factors: first, the growth-promoting effect of these hosts on garlic, second, the degree of pruning tolerance of the host, and third, the availability of host materials and the ease of transplanting seedlings. . False Artemisia, Artemisia annua or Punta canadensis has a better effect on growth promotion than other plants, and is resistant to pruning, easy to propagate by cuttings, and easy to obtain materials.

Further, in step (2), the transplanting should be completed within half a year to two years after the seedlings are unearthed. Bare root seedlings should reduce the damage to the root system when they are raised. Moisturize with water-retaining materials such as moss during transportation to prevent the root system from losing water and cause dead seedlings; the bagged seedlings should be cut off non-woven bags when transplanting. The root system should be trimmed before covering the soil so that the root system is in a more stretched state. Whether bare root seedlings or bagged seedlings, transplant with herbaceous host plants and try to avoid unnecessary root disturbance. The transplanting area is preferably a well-drained area. Before transplanting, loosen the soil in the planting area, and mix about 1 kg of well-decomposed farmyard manure in each planting hole. Place the seedlings and the host in the center of the planting hole, straighten the seedlings and backfill the soil so that the depth of the covering soil is the same as the junction of the rhizomes of the seedlings. Within one month after the seedlings are transplanted, water once a week; during the maintenance process, if the herbaceous host plant is found to be higher than the garlic fruit, the host should be pruned in time to avoid affecting the photosynthesis of the garlic fruit; during the maintenance period, try to reduce the soil around the root system. Large-scale or high-intensity disturbances should be used to avoid damaging the root system connection between the garlic head and the host, but the soil compaction can be loosened appropriately to facilitate root development.

Further, in step (3), the shrub host plant is preferably a shrub plant that grows rapidly, is resistant to pruning, and is adapted to a karst environment. Further preferably, the shrub host plant comprises one or more of the Radix Auriculata, the gorse of the Leguminosae, the white flowers of the Leguminosae, the fragrant wood of the Anacardiaceae, and the Emblica of the Euphorbiaceae. kind. The spacing between shrub host plants and garlic head plants is 30-50 cm to achieve an ideal parasitic effect.

At the seedling stage, the nutrient consumption of A. albicans further increased, and the herbaceous host plants could no longer meet the demand. However, if the arbor host plant is directly planted at this time, if the cultivation distance is far, the root system will take a long time to contact, and the arbor host root system is thicker and has a high degree of lignification, and the establishment of the parasitic relationship will take a long time. It will suffer from nutrient stress; if the cultivation distance is relatively short, due to the large canopy of the arbor host, it is easy to compete with the light resources of the garlic cloves, which will weaken the growth of the garlic cloves. Selecting shrubs as the host at the large seedling stage of A. bulbil can be cultivated in a relatively close distance with A. bulbil, which can effectively improve the efficiency of nutrient supply to A. bulbil, and at the same time avoid the problem of excessive competition for light resources, and play a good transitional role. As host plants, shrubs such as Rhododendron vulgaris of the family Violetaceae, gorse of the Leguminosae, Amphetia of the Leguminosae, Fragrance of the Anacardiaceae, and Emblica of the Euphorbiaceae are preferred as the host plants, because the above-mentioned shrubs The plant grows fast, has a weak defense response to the parasitism of garlic, is resistant to pruning, and has good adaptability.

Further, in step (3), the arbor host plant is preferably an arbor plant with good economic value and suitable for afforestation. Further preferably, the arbor host plant includes one or more of the Pinaceae yew yew, Pinus massoniana, Fabaceae Dalbergia, Fabaceae Dalbergia, and Camellia oleifera. The distance between the arborescent host plant and the alliflora plant is 2-3m, and the long-term dependent host of the alliflora will coexist with the alliflora, that is, the permanent host. The mature plant of garlic head can reach several meters or even higher, and the nutrient demand is huge, and the arbor host can continuously supply a large amount of nutrients for it, so it can be used as a permanent host. It takes about 8 years for the garlic to bear fruit, and the output window period is long. In order to improve the forest land benefit, in the selection of arbor hosts, in addition to the growth-promoting effect on the garlic, the economic value of the host plants is also taken into account. . These arboroid host plants are selected as the dominant afforestation or economic tree species in the distribution area of Alliflora.

Further, the maintenance of the parasitic relationship and the long-term maintenance of the seedlings: in the whole cultivation stage of the garlic, the maintenance measures that destroy the connection between the roots of the garlic and the host root should be avoided to ensure the stability and continuity of the parasitic relationship. The biomass accumulation of alliflora depends to a large extent on its own photosynthesis. Therefore, in order to avoid the excessive growth of the host plant and block the alliflora, when the host plant is taller than the alliflora plant, the host needs to be pruned regularly. It should be noted that the host plant should not be removed during the seedling stage, adult stage or fruiting stage of the garlic head plant, so as to avoid irreversible damage to the garlic head fruit. In order to avoid the weakening of the growth of the host plants due to the parasitism of the garlic, which will affect the growth of the garlic, fertilization can be applied once in March and July each year; for the garlic plants in the flowering and fruiting period, the garlic and the host plants can be increased in May. A compound fertilizer. In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to the balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. It is better to use a ternary compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 20:10:10. The preparation and selection of compound fertilizers are based on our previous analysis of the experimental results of the nutrient requirements of garlic and its host plants. This compound fertilizer is closer to the optimal nutrient element ratio in the experimental results. Our results show that the level of nutrient supply has a distinct effect on the relationship between root hemiparasitic plants and host plants. The application of this fertilizer can promote the growth of the garlic, and balance the parasitic relationship between the garlic and the host plant, and prevent the garlic from excessively plundering nutrients from the host, thereby realizing the sustainability of the parasitic relationship between the garlic and the host, and achieving the continuous good of the garlic. growth effect.

The effect that the present invention has:

According to the cultivation method of the present invention, the survival rate of the three-year-old seedlings of C. vulgaris can reach more than 90%, and the growth of the plants far exceeds that of the traditional cultivation methods: the net photosynthetic rate of the seedlings can be increased by more than 2.5 times, and the plant height can reach the traditional cultivation method within half a year. After 3 years, the biomass accumulation of seedlings was more than 5 times higher than that of traditional seedling raising methods; the growth performance of A. chinensis plants at each seedling age stage that maintained a stable parasitic relationship with better host plants was continuously improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a picture of the growth of A. bulbil plants; the back row is a bulbous bulbous plant parasitic on the superior host, Duganshan, with dark green leaves, and the plants are tall and lush; the front row is the same batch of A. bulbifera plants without a host, and the leaves are yellow , the plants are dwarfed.

Detailed ways

The invention is based on the root hemiparasitic characteristics of the Allium sativa and the selection preference of different host plants at different developmental stages, and continuously improves the growth performance of Allium sativa by rationally planting the host plants at the key stage of plant development and supplemented by scientific maintenance measures. . Planting a host at the seedling stage is conducive to improving the survival rate of seedlings. Subsequently, by planting excellent hosts suitable for different growth stages of garlic, and supplemented by scientific maintenance measures to maintain a stable parasitic relationship between the garlic and the host, realize the garlic from the seedling stage. Continue to grow well to the adult stage.

In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail by taking Artemisia annua, Rhododendron rotundifolia and Dalbergia officinale as the hosts in the seedling stage, large seedling stage and adult plant stage respectively as examples. It should be noted that the details described herein are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by anyone without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1 The effect of host planting on the growth performance of garlic clove plants

Embodiment 1: the cultivation method of garlic head fruit plant, comprises the steps:

(1) Seed preparation and sowing: The garlic head seeds collected from Tuodong Village, Shuguang Township, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province on October 8, 2017 were washed with clean water after removing the peel, and diluted 500 times with 50wt% carbendazim. The wettable powder is soaked for 25-30 minutes to disinfect the surface, and after being naturally dried, it is stored in wet river sand with a water content of about 10wt% at room temperature. In early February 2018, the humidity of the river sand was gradually increased to about 15%. In March, a large number of seeds sprouted, and the hypocotyl broke through the seed coat. At the end of March, the germinated seeds were transplanted into nursery pots with a volume ratio of humus soil and laterite soil of 3:1, and 1 seed was planted in each pot.

(2) Use Artemisia annua as the host in the seedling stage: when the seeds of Artemisia vulgaris are sown, the cutting seedlings of Artemisia annua are transplanted at the same time as the host of Artemisia annua L. Artemisia. After transplanting, water once a week, and 10% of the substrate volume is irrigated with nutrient solution once a week; when the false artemisia plants are higher than the garlic head seedlings, it is advisable to prune the false artemisia, so as not to cover the garlic head plants.

(3) Transplanting and maintenance of seedlings: The transplanting is completed one year after the seedlings are unearthed. When transplanting, cut the seedling pot, and if there is root packing phenomenon, prune the root system properly first, so that the root system is in a more stretched state, and transplant together with false artemisia. The transplanting area should choose a location with good drainage. Before transplanting, loosen the soil in the planting area, and mix about 1 kg of well-decomposed farmyard manure in each planting hole. Put the seedlings and the false Artemisia annua in the center of the planting hole, straighten the seedlings and backfill the soil so that the depth of the covering soil is the same as the junction of the rhizomes of the seedlings. Water the seedlings once a week for one month after transplanting. For surrounding weeds, prune only the aerial parts without disturbing the root system.

(4) Plant good hosts at the large seedling stage and the adult stage respectively: about 3 months after the seedlings are transplanted, at a distance of about 50 cm from the A. bulbifera plant, transplant the Dujian Mountain; Left and right, transplant Dalbergia Dalbergia seedlings.

(5) Maintenance of parasitic relationship and long-term maintenance of seedlings: During the whole cultivation stage of garlic head, try to avoid disturbing the shallow root system, and fertilize on the side away from the host. The stability and continuity of the relationship. When the host plant grows too vigorously and blocks the garlic head, regularly trim the host crown. After the seedlings were transplanted, the NPK ratio was 20:10:10 ternary compound fertilizer in March and July each year.

Comparative Example 1

Comparative Example 1 was completed in strict accordance with the conditions of Example 1, and the difference was only that in Comparative Example 1, no host plant was planted for Alliflora. The comparison results show that the performance of the garlic head in Example 1 in terms of survival rate, plant height, biomass and net photosynthetic rate at each seedling age stage is significantly improved than that of the plants in Comparative Example 1.

The relevant results are as follows:

Example 2 The effect of sowing and planting hosts on the occurrence of garlic clover

Temporal characteristics of haustorium of garlic and its response to host plants

(1) Preparation and sowing of seeds: collected in October 2019 from Zhuangke Village (23°44′52″N, 105°09′42″E, altitude: 1469 m), Nanping Town, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province Garlic seeds, after removing the peel, rinsed with clean water, soaked in 500 times diluted 50wt% carbendazim wettable powder for 25-30 minutes, surface disinfection, dried naturally and stored in perlite with a water content of about 10wt% at room temperature. From January 18, 2020, the humidity of perlite was gradually increased to about 15%. In June, a large number of seeds sprouted, and the hypocotyl broke through the seed coat. Germinated seeds were sown into root boxes containing perlite:vermiculite = 2:1 (volume ratio), 1 seed per pot.

(2) Simultaneous sowing with or without a host: When the seeds are sown, the cuttings of the false Artemisia are transplanted at the same time as the host of the garlic. The distance between the false wormwood and the garlic is 8 cm. One false wormwood was planted; in the treatment without the host, the planting position of garlic cloves was the same as that with false wormwood. After the plant is transplanted, water it once a week, and water Long Ashton standard nutrient solution once a week with 10% of the volume of the substrate; when the false artemisia plant is higher than the garlic head seedling, prune the false artemisia, and it is advisable to not cover the garlic head plant. .

(3) Observation and statistics of the number of haustoria: observe and record the number of haustoria in the root box every week.

The results showed that the seedlings of C. alba were successively produced parasitic organs (ie, haustoria) 6 weeks after they were unearthed. Prior mating with host plants was effective in increasing the number of haustoria (Table 2).

Table 2 Effects of planting host plants on the number and dynamic changes of haustoria in A.

Example 3 Effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supply levels on the growth of garlic head plants

The cultivation method is completed according to the conditions of Example 1, and the difference lies in the fertilization of NPK compound fertilizers. In order to investigate the nutrient demand preference of alliflora plants, annual seedlings were selected for the experiment, because the plants at this time have exhausted the nutrients stored in the seeds and are more sensitive to nutrient supply. On November 28, 2019, the annual garlic clove seedlings were taken out from the cultivation medium, and after washing the roots and measuring the base data such as plant height, stem base diameter, and number of leaves, they were transplanted into root control pots (diameter: depth=19cm: 20 cm), 1 garlic head per pot, 15 pots per treatment, the cultivation medium is perlite: vermiculite = 2:1 (volume ratio), after two weeks of slow seedlings, different ratios of nutrient solutions are applied according to the experimental design, Water at 10% of the growing medium volume every week. Nutrient treatment was designed as a three-factor, three-level orthogonal experiment with three levels of N, P, and K elements. Set on the basis of LongAshton standard nutrient solution: three nitrogen levels: nitrogen deficiency (-N), normal nitrogen (N), double nitrogen (2N); three phosphorus levels: phosphorus deficiency (-P), normal Phosphorus (P), twice phosphorus (2P) and three potassium levels: potassium deficiency (-K), normal potassium (K), twice potassium (2K), a total of 9 treatments.

Cultivation experiments were carried out on a moving seedbed in a glass greenhouse (25°08′22″N, 102°44′23″E, altitude: 1990 m) of the Kunming Institute of Botany. The growth time of plants with different nutrient solutions was from December 12, 2019 to February 5, 2021, a total of 421 days (13 months and 24 days). After 10 months of nutrient treatment, the leaves of garlic head were cleaned. The photosynthetic rate was measured, the plant height and the number of leaves were measured at the end of the test, and the growth of each plant relative to that before the nutrient treatment was calculated, and the three-factor analysis of variance was used to reveal the influence of different nutrients on the growth and physiological indicators of garlic head, and the relationship between each element. interaction effect between.

The results showed that nitrogen supply had a very significant promoting effect on the increase of plant height and leaf number and photosynthetic capacity, and there was a significant interaction effect between the supply levels of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (Table 3). In all treatments, the effect of 2 times nitrogen is generally better, and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus is 2:1. The common ratio of chemical compound fertilizers is compound fertilizer of N:P:K=20:10:10.

Table 3 Three-factor analysis of variance results of the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supply levels on the growth and physiological indexes of garlic cloves

Note: The increment of plant height represents the increment data obtained by subtracting the plant height at the beginning of the experiment from the plant height at the time of harvesting, and the increment of the number of leaves is the same. The bold black fonts in the table indicate that the experimental factor has a significant effect ( P < 0.05) or a very significant effect ( P < 0.01) on the index.

Table 4 Effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supply levels on plant growth and physiological indexes of garlic head

Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should Various changes may be made in details without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of garlic fruit plants is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Selecting seeds with good maturity, storing and promoting germination, and sowing to obtain robust garlic fruit seedlings;

(2) Planting herbaceous host plants in the same period or seedling stage during sowing of the garlic fruits, so that the garlic fruits and the hosts successfully establish a parasitic relationship, the growth state of seedlings is improved, and the stress resistance level and the survival rate of the seedlings are improved, wherein the herbaceous host plants are one or more of compositae plants such as artemisia pseudo-argyi, artemisia argyi and canada pennywort;

(3) Transplanting the garlic young seedlings together with herbaceous host plants during transplanting, reducing disturbance to root systems during transplanting, and ensuring the stability of parasitic relations between the garlic young seedlings and the host plants, wherein the herbaceous host plants are one or more of compositae plants such as artemisia pseudo-argyi, artemisia argyi and canadian fleabane;

(4) And (2) co-planting host plants including one or more of callicarpa rotundifolia of Myrsinaceae, caragana sinica of Leguminosae, bauhinia variegata of Leguminosae, pistachio chinensis of Anacardiaceae and emblic leafflower of Euphorbiaceae and/or arbor host plants including one or more of Yunnan oil fir of Pinaceae, masson pine of Pinaceae, pterocarpus santalinus of Leguminosae, dalbergia odorifera of Leguminosae and camellia oleifera of Theaceae within one year after transplanting of the young garlic fruit seedlings, and fertilizing once in each of march and July, and fertilizing once in May and July for the garlic fruit plants which blossom and bear fruits, and fertilizing once in May and Wuyue, wherein the fertilizer is a ternary compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 20.

2. The cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of the garlic fruit plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the whole cultivation stage of the garlic, maintenance measures for damaging the connection between the garlic and the root system of the host plant are avoided, the host plant cannot be removed, and the garlic and the host are properly fertilized to ensure the stability and the continuity of the parasitic relationship; when the plant of the host plant is higher than the garlic, the host plant is pruned to avoid competition between the host and the plant of the garlic.

3. The cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of the garlic fruit plants as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the young seedling stage of the garlic fruits refers to 6 weeks after the young seedlings come out of the soil; the herbaceous host plant is herbaceous host plant with developed root system, fast growth and trimming resistance, and has a spacing of 5-10 cm from seed or seedling of Bulbus Allii.

4. The cultivation method for sustainably improving the growth performance of allium sativum fruit plants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step (4), the host plant suitable for the seedling stage is a shrub plant which grows rapidly, is pruning resistant and adapts to the karst environment, and the distance between the shrub plant and the garlic plant is 30-50 cm; the host plant suitable for adult plant period is arbor plant with good economic value and suitable for afforestation, and the distance between the arbor plant and the garlic plant is 2-3 m.

5. The cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of the garlic fruit plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the seeds with good maturity refer to full seeds collected after the middle and late ten days of 9 months.

6. The cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of the garlic fruit plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: before the seeds are stored, 50wt% carbendazim wettable powder diluted by 500 times is soaked for 25 to 30 min for seed surface disinfection, and then the seeds are stored in river sand or perlite with the water content of 10 to 15wt%; gradually increasing the humidity of perlite or river sand in the next early spring to promote seed germination, and after the seeds germinate, sowing in the wet river sand or perlite seedbed to obtain bare-rooted seedlings with the spacing of 25 cm; or sowing in non-woven fabric bags filled with the matrix to obtain bagged seedlings, wherein each bag contains 1 seed.

7. The cultivation method for continuously improving the growth performance of the garlic fruit plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), transplanting the young garlic seedlings is finished within half a year to two years of unearthing; the bare-rooted seedlings are required to reduce the damage to the root system during seedling lifting, and water-retaining materials are used for moisture retention during transportation; the non-woven cloth bag is cut off when the bagged seedlings are transplanted, and the root system is required to be cut off before the soil is covered to enable the root system to be in a relatively unfolded state in the case of packing.

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