CN109417981A - The artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera - Google Patents
The artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera Download PDFInfo
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- CN109417981A CN109417981A CN201710737596.7A CN201710737596A CN109417981A CN 109417981 A CN109417981 A CN 109417981A CN 201710737596 A CN201710737596 A CN 201710737596A CN 109417981 A CN109417981 A CN 109417981A
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- seed
- malania oleifera
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- seeding forestation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention discloses the artificial direct seeding forestation methods of malania oleifera, comprising the following steps: (1) collects seed；(2) it chooses seeds: after harvesting garlic fruit seed kind, the garlic fruit seed benevolence of diameter 3cm or more being selected to make afforestation with kind；(3) it removes seed and storage: the fresh seed of the malania oleifera of removing, after airing shell free surface moisture, impregnates 1-2 hour with carbendazim or agricultural potassium permanganate, divide the storage of indoor or outdoors two ways with the river sand after disinfection；(4) seed kind is planted；(5) it applies fertilizer；Forest pest control.The invention proposes the artificial direct seeding forestation method of a malania oleifera, this method is removed and is stored before live streaming to seed since the excellent garlic fruit seed kind of picking, and garlic fruit seed kind emergence rate reaches 95% or more, and survival rate reaches 80%-90%；Fostered, applied fertilizer and forest pest control after garlic fruit seed planting kind, realize malania oleifera seedling storage rate 70% or more, significantly larger than go together 20% level.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation more particularly to the artificial direct seeding forestation methods of malania oleifera.
Background technique
Malania oleifera (Malania oleifera Chun et S.Lee ex S.Lee) belongs to Olacaceae (Olacaceae)
Malania oleifera category (Malania Chun et S.Lee ex S.Lee), dicotyledon.1987, through departments such as State Bureau of Environmental Protection
Examination & approval, malania oleifera are listed in Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant.1991 annual incomes " Chinese Plants Red Data Book ".Enter State Council within 1999
It is international pre- in imminent danger to belong to protection still in second class protection grade for " the national key protected wild plants register (first) " announced
Protect plant.It is listed within 2012 " the minimum population species rescue protection crisis action planning in Yunnan Province " and lays special stress on protecting object,
In 20 protection species, malania oleifera is ranked first 1, ranks the first in woody protection species.Malania oleifera is only distributed in cloud in China
The Guangnan in south, two county of Funing and West Guangxi and Youjiang River basin part county.According to oil tea research station, forest-science academy, Yunnan Province in 2014
There can be wild malania oleifera more than 20,000 with the investigation at forestry bureau, Wenshan Prefecture seedling station and Guangnan County forestry bureau, the whole nation, wherein Guangnan
There are about 1.5 ten thousand, 70% or more of Zhan Yesheng malania oleifera stock number.
Since the plantation of malania oleifera artificial growth, particularly large area in flakes does not have successful technology that can use for reference, 2014
Since year, Yunnan Ji plants farmer specialized cooperative society, Southwest Forestry University, Yunnan Province at gardens Co., Ltd, Guangnan County Yongan
Units and the enterprises such as oil tea research institute, forest-science academy, by nearly 3 years time, in the northern native mountain area in Guangnan County and southern karst
The hayashishita in area, farmland, stone nook, road roadside, select garlic fruit seed kind to afforest, pass through totally 1200 mu of different land types
Planting experiment, observation and summary obtain the plantation method of garlic fruit seed kind direct seeding forestation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the artificial direct seeding forestation methods of malania oleifera, and to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
Following technical solution:
The artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera, comprising the following steps:
(1) collect seed: the malania oleifera fresh fruit of harvesting ripe, plucking time are -20 days on the 10th October of current year；
(2) it chooses seeds: after harvesting garlic fruit seed kind, the garlic fruit seed benevolence of diameter 3cm or more being selected to make afforestation with kind；
(3) seed and storage: the fresh seed of the malania oleifera of removing are removed, is dissipated indoors or in outdoor shady place, airing
Then shell free surface moisture is concentrated and is stacked, and within a week, impregnate 1-2 hour with carbendazim or agricultural potassium permanganate, with disappearing
River sand after poison divides indoor or outdoors two ways to store；
(4) plant seed kind: native mountain area, hayashishita, farmland plantation use direct seeding forestation, and planting depth is less than 10cm, stone nook
Area plantation selection stone nook soil depth greater than 10cm place plantation, the shady slope on stone nook ground, 2 months-March it is upper, in
Ten days plantation, other regions other than shady slope are planted in the 1-2 after the picking of seed kind a month to be finished, and planting density 40-45/
Mu or 110-220/mu；
(5) foster: the weeds of First Year, the malania oleifera side Miao Fang 1m range are rooted out 0-1 times, i.e., the pool is comforted, meanwhile, apart from nursery stock
30cm-50cm digs horizontal platform, and second year rises, and the annual pool is comforted more than twice；
(6) apply fertilizer: First Year applies fertilizer 0-2 times, and second year rises, annual fertilising 3-4 times；
(7) forest pest control: forest disease and pest includes squirrel, white ant, cutworm, borer, control method point
Not are as follows: squirrel before the plantation of seed kind, is coated with carbendazim seed dressing or calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer；Root rot removes seed kind planting site product
Water or nursery stock with root rot；White ant, cutworm, borer find in time, dispose in time.
As further scheme of the invention: in step (1), the malania oleifera fresh fruit of the maturation is by two hands of fresh fruit
Finger gently pinches, and seed is separated with pulp.
As further scheme of the invention: in step (3), the indoor storage, river sand tiling thickness 2-3cm is put
After setting garlic fruit seed kind, the river sand of 4cm-5cm thickness is covered, film is finally covered；The storage outdoors, river sand tiling thickness
10-15cm covers the river sand of 10cm-15cm thickness, finally covers sunshade net after placing garlic fruit seed kind.
As further scheme of the invention: in step (4), plantation seed kind is planted using dig reservoir, and the specification of dig reservoir is
40cm × 40cm × 30cm makees base fertilizer with calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer, and every pool puts 0.5-1 jins of base fertilizer, Hui Tuhou, removes pool internal water accumulation.
As further scheme of the invention: in step (6), fertilising uses the n p k fertilizer of mass fraction 15%, often
Every time fertilising 1 liang.
As further scheme of the invention: the artificial direct seeding forestation management of malania oleifera further includes preventing the destruction of people, animals
With prevent forest fire.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The invention proposes the artificial direct seeding forestation method of a malania oleifera, this method is opened from the excellent garlic fruit seed kind of picking
Beginning is removed and is stored before live streaming to seed, and garlic fruit seed kind emergence rate reaches 95% or more, and survival rate reaches 80%-
90%；It fostered, applied fertilizer and forest pest control after garlic fruit seed planting kind, realize malania oleifera seedling storage rate 70%
More than, significantly larger than go together 20% level.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
By taking county, Guangnan of Yunnan as an example, the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera, comprising the following steps:
(1) it collects seed: according to the time of Guangnan County garlic fruit-bearing forest fruit mature over 3 years, determining that the malania oleifera of harvesting ripe is fresh
The fruit time is -20 days on the 10th October of current year, fresh fruit is gently pinched with the finger of two hands, seed is just separated with pulp, as
It is mature；
(2) it chooses seeds: after harvesting garlic fruit seed kind, the garlic fruit seed benevolence of diameter 3cm or more being selected to make afforestation with kind；
(3) seed and storage: the fresh seed of the malania oleifera of removing are removed, is dissipated indoors or in outdoor shady place, airing
Then shell free surface moisture is concentrated and is stacked, and within a week, 1 hour is impregnated with carbendazim or agricultural potassium permanganate, with disinfection
River sand afterwards divides indoor or outdoors two ways to store: 1. indoor storage: selecting the place of ventilation and penetrating light, first with the river sterilized
Sapin on the ground, thickness 3cm, the river sand that then garlic fruit seed kind is placed on the upper surface of sand, then covers 5cm or so, river sand
Humidity be 40%, i.e., pinch river sand with hand, after decontroling hand, river sand can scatter, and finally cover film, prevent for storing seed kind
River sand water loss it is too fast, spray in every 10-15 days keeps husky humidity in claimed range a little by water of disinfection.2. room
Outer storage: selecting plot that is smooth, being unable to ponding, root out weeds or beat glyphosate, sunshade net is put up on storage place,
1.8 meters of the height of sunshade net, equally first spreads that about 10cm is thick, sterilized river sand, then by the garlic fruit seed good with pesticide-treated
Kind is laid on Shamian Island, then covers the river sand of 10cm again；
(4) plant seed kind: native mountain area, hayashishita, farmland plantation use direct seeding forestation, and planting depth is less than 10cm, dig reservoir kind
It plants, the specification of dig reservoir is 40cm × 40cm × 30cm, makees base fertilizer with calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer, every pool puts 0.5 jin of base fertilizer, Hui Tuhou, clearly
Except pool internal water accumulation.Place plantation of the plantation selection stone nook depth in stone nook area greater than 10cm, the shady slope on stone nook ground, in the spring
The upper of 2 months-March, the middle ten days plantation after section, other regions other than shady slope are planted in the 1-2 after the picking of seed kind a month
It finishes, planting density 40-45/mu, seeding row spacing is 4m × 4m；
(5) it fosters: being carried out in late August to the early September of current year, only carry out the pool and comfort, i.e., by the pool (seedling) Fang Fangyi meters of models
The weeds enclosed are rooted out, meanwhile, apart from nursery stock 30cm, seedling growth area is scraped out into horizontal platform, gives and achievees the purpose that retain water and nutrients；The
From 2 years, the annual pool is comforted more than two times, mainly weeding and fertilising；
(6) it applies fertilizer: fertilization time: First Year plantation, after late August weeding, digging horizontal platform, while applying fertilizer,
Hereafter, late May current year of second year, in August, the middle ten days respectively apply fertilizer once, fertilising uses the N P and K of mass fraction 15%
Fertilizer, every 1 liang of fertilising every time；
(7) forest pest control: forest disease and pest includes squirrel, white ant, cutworm, borer, control method point
Not are as follows: squirrel before the plantation of seed kind, is coated with carbendazim seed dressing or calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer；Root rot removes seed kind planting site product
Water or nursery stock with root rot；White ant, cutworm, borer find in time, dispose in time.
In addition the management of garlic fruit-bearing forest further include prevent people, animals destruction and prevent forest fire.Garlic provided by the invention
The head artificial direct seeding forestation method of fruit, garlic fruit seed kind survival rate reach 80%-90%, fostered after garlic fruit seed planting kind,
Fertilising and forest pest control realize malania oleifera seedling storage rate 70% or more.
Embodiment 2
The artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera, comprising the following steps:
(1) it collects seed: according to the time of Guangnan County garlic fruit-bearing forest fruit mature over 3 years, determining that the malania oleifera of harvesting ripe is fresh
The fruit time is -20 days on the 10th October of current year, fresh fruit is gently pinched with the finger of two hands, seed is just separated with pulp, as
It is mature；
(2) it chooses seeds: after harvesting garlic fruit seed kind, the garlic fruit seed benevolence of diameter 3cm or more being selected to make afforestation with kind；
(3) seed and storage: the fresh seed of the malania oleifera of removing are removed, is dissipated indoors or in outdoor shady place, airing
Then shell free surface moisture is concentrated and is stacked, and within a week, 2 hours is impregnated with carbendazim or agricultural potassium permanganate, with disinfection
River sand afterwards divides indoor or outdoors two ways to store: 1. indoor storage: selecting the place of ventilation and penetrating light, first with the river sterilized
On the ground, then garlic fruit seed kind is placed on the upper surface of sand, then covers the river sand of 4cm sapin by thickness 2cm, river sand it is wet
Degree is 40%, i.e., pinches river sand with hand, and after decontroling hand, river sand can scatter, and finally cover film, prevent the river for storing seed kind
The water loss of sand is too fast, and spray in every 10-15 days a little by water of disinfection, keeps the humidity of sand in claimed range.2. outdoor storage
It deposits: selecting plot that is smooth, being unable to ponding, root out weeds or beat glyphosate, sunshade net, sunshade are put up on storage place
1.8 meters of the height of net is equally first spread about 15cm thickness, sterilized river sand, then will be put down with the good garlic fruit seed kind of pesticide-treated
It is layered on Shamian Island, then covers the river sand of 15cm again；
(4) plant seed kind: native mountain area, hayashishita, farmland plantation use direct seeding forestation, and planting depth is less than 10cm, dig reservoir kind
It plants, the specification of dig reservoir is 40cm × 40cm × 30cm, makees base fertilizer with calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer, and every pool puts 1 jin of base fertilizer, Hui Tuhou, removes
Pool internal water accumulation.Place plantation of the plantation selection stone nook depth in stone nook area greater than 10cm, the shady slope on stone nook ground, in the Spring Festival
The upper of 2 months-March afterwards, the middle ten days plantation, other regions other than shady slope have been planted in the 1-2 after the picking of seed kind a month
Finish, planting density 110-220/mu；
(5) it fosters: being carried out in late August to the early September of current year, only carry out the pool and comfort, i.e., by the pool (seedling) Fang Fangyi meters of models
The weeds enclosed are rooted out, meanwhile, apart from nursery stock 30cm, seedling growth area is scraped out into horizontal platform, gives and achievees the purpose that retain water and nutrients；The
From 2 years, the annual pool is comforted more than two times, mainly weeding and fertilising；
(6) it applies fertilizer: fertilization time: First Year plantation, after late August weeding, digging horizontal platform, while applying fertilizer,
Hereafter, late May current year of second year, in August, the middle ten days, respectively apply fertilizer once mid-September, fertilising is using mass fraction 15%
N p k fertilizer, every 1 liang of fertilising every time；
(7) forest pest control: forest disease and pest includes squirrel, white ant, cutworm, borer, control method point
Not are as follows: squirrel before the plantation of seed kind, is coated with carbendazim seed dressing or calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer；Root rot removes seed kind planting site product
Water or nursery stock with root rot；White ant, cutworm, borer find in time, dispose in time.
In addition the management of garlic fruit-bearing forest further include prevent people, animals destruction and prevent forest fire.Garlic provided by the invention
The head artificial direct seeding forestation method of fruit, garlic fruit seed kind survival rate reach 80%-90%, fostered after garlic fruit seed planting kind,
Fertilising and forest pest control realize malania oleifera seedling storage rate 70% or more.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (6)
1. the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera, which comprises the following steps:
(1) collect seed: the malania oleifera fresh fruit of harvesting ripe, plucking time are -20 days on the 10th October of current year；
(2) it chooses seeds: after harvesting garlic fruit seed kind, the garlic fruit seed benevolence of diameter 3cm or more being selected to make afforestation with kind；
(3) seed and storage: the fresh seed of the malania oleifera of removing are removed, is dissipated indoors or outside outdoor shady place, airing shell
Then moisture is concentrated and is stacked, and within a week, 1-2 hour is impregnated with carbendazim or agricultural potassium permanganate, after disinfection
River sand divide indoor or outdoors two ways store；
(4) plant seed kind: native mountain area, hayashishita, farmland plantation use direct seeding forestation, and planting depth is less than 10cm, stone nook area
Place plantation of the plantation selection stone nook soil depth greater than 10cm, the shady slope on stone nook ground plants in the upper of 2 months-March, the middle ten days
Kind, other regions other than shady slope are planted in 1-2 months after the picking of seed kind and are finished, planting density 40-45/mu or
110-220/mu；
(5) foster: the weeds of First Year, the malania oleifera side Miao Fang 1m range are rooted out 0-1 times, i.e., the pool is comforted, meanwhile, apart from nursery stock
30cm-50cm digs horizontal platform, and second year rises, and the annual pool is comforted more than twice；
(6) apply fertilizer: First Year applies fertilizer 0-2 times, and second year rises, annual fertilising 3-4 times；
(7) forest pest control: forest disease and pest includes squirrel, white ant, cutworm, borer, and control method is respectively as follows:
Squirrel before the plantation of seed kind, is coated with carbendazim seed dressing or calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer；Root rot, remove seed kind planting site ponding or
Person has the nursery stock of root rot；White ant, cutworm, borer find in time, dispose in time.
2. the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the maturation
Malania oleifera fresh fruit is to gently pinch fresh fruit with the finger of two hands, and seed is separated with pulp.
3. the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), the interior
Storage, river sand tiling thickness 2-3cm cover the river sand of 4-5cm thickness, finally cover film after placing garlic fruit seed kind；Described
Storage outdoors, river sand tiling thickness 10-15cm cover the river sand of 10cm-15cm thickness, finally cover after placing garlic fruit seed kind
Sunshade net.
4. the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), plantation seed kind is adopted
It is planted with dig reservoir, the specification of dig reservoir is 40cm × 40cm × 30cm, makees base fertilizer with calcium and magnesium phosphatization fertilizer, and every pool puts 0.5-1 jins of base fertilizer,
Hui Tuhou removes pool internal water accumulation.
5. the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (6), fertilising uses matter
Measure the n p k fertilizer of score 15%, every 1 liang of fertilising every time.
6. the artificial direct seeding forestation method of malania oleifera as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the artificial direct seeding forestation pipe of malania oleifera
Reason further include prevent people, animals destruction and prevent forest fire.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110367031A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-25 | 毛平 | Malania oleifera nutrient bag seedling growth method |
| CN110419377A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 毛平 | Malania oleifera bare-root seeding wood is cultivated and implantation methods |
| CN110419376A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 毛平 | Malania oleifera nutrient bag seeding cultivating method |
| CN114946512A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cultivation method for improving growth performance of garlic plant |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110367031A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-10-25 | 毛平 | Malania oleifera nutrient bag seedling growth method |
| CN110419377A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 毛平 | Malania oleifera bare-root seeding wood is cultivated and implantation methods |
| CN110419376A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 毛平 | Malania oleifera nutrient bag seeding cultivating method |
| CN114946512A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cultivation method for improving growth performance of garlic plant |
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