CN114868572A - Method for preventing and treating canna edulis ker diseases - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating canna edulis ker diseases Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868572A CN114868572A CN202210474139.4A CN202210474139A CN114868572A CN 114868572 A CN114868572 A CN 114868572A CN 202210474139 A CN202210474139 A CN 202210474139A CN 114868572 A CN114868572 A CN 114868572A
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- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 244000292211 Canna coccinea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000234587 Canna Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003805 Musa ABB Group Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015266 Plantago major Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000205754 Colocasia esculenta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006481 Colocasia esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000569 Musa basjoo Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000000139 Musa basjoo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000234586 Cannaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222233 Colletotrichum musae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035415 Reinfection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/32—Yeast
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases. The method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases comprises the following steps: s1: performing hotbed seedling culture during the period from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring of the next year; s2: carrying out primary earthing up when the plant height of the canna edulis ker is 0.6-0.9 m; s3: after summer, when the canna edulis ker plants are about 1 meter high and dew is not dry in the early morning, 50-75Kg of plant ash is scattered per mu and is uniformly scattered on stems and leaves of the plants; s4: from the beginning of 6 months, canna edulis ker is flourishing for a long period. The method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases by using plant ash and EM bacterial liquid at proper time and high density can effectively prevent and control canna edulis ker anthracnose and other diseases, and the yield is obviously improved. Through popularization, the current situation that canna edulis ker can only be planted in a large area in a high-altitude area in south China in a connected mode at present can be changed, the planting area of the canna edulis ker is effectively expanded, and the problem that the market supply of canna edulis ker starch is not in demand is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of canna edulis ker planting, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases.
Background
Canna edulis ker belongs to canna family, is a perennial herb with tuberous roots. The tuber can be boiled or extracted to obtain starch, and is suitable for the old and the weak and children to eat or to prepare vermicelli, wine and industrial use; the stem and leaf fiber can be used for making paper and rope. Meanwhile, the plantain can also be used as a medicine, and the roots, stems and buds of the plantain can be used as the medicine, so that the plantain has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing diuresis to reduce edema and cooling blood. The plant grows in the area with the altitude of 140-2000 m and is often grown in the marginal zone of the forest land. The natural products of Indian Islands and south America are cultivated in the southern China and the southwest China.
The canna starch has the advantages of large particle size, low gelatinization temperature, good paste transparency, high amylose content, less impurities such as protein, fat, ash and the like, good film forming property, large molecular weight, approach to potato starch and better application property. The canna edulis ker starch is easy to produce by a machine-made method.
In production, anthracnose is easy to occur in the growth process of the plantain, and destructive damage is often caused. The musa basjoo anthracnose is mainly harmful immature or mature fruit, and can also be harmful flower, leaf, main axis and banana body. The banana anthracnose (Colletotrichum musae (Berk & Curt) Arx) can either show symptoms directly through wound invasion, or invade undamaged green fruits and remain harmful. The primary black or black brown round small spots are rapidly enlarged and connected into slices, the whole fruit is blackened and decayed after 2 to 3 days, and a large number of orange-red sticky particles, namely, conidiophore and conidia of the pathogen, are generated on the diseased spots. After some musa basjoo are infected, the surface of the fruit is scattered to brown to black red specks, which are not enlarged, but spread to the deep part of the pulp to cause rottenness and emit aromatic odor. Fruit stalks and fruit axes are damaged, and the symptoms are similar.
The pathogenic bacteria live through the winter of the diseased part with mycelium and conidiophore, produce conidiophore in the next spring, and are infected initially by wind, rain or insect transmission and latent or non-latent in the diseased part. The seedling filaments are formed in the latent period, conidiospores are generated in the later period for re-infection, and the infection is carried out through the contact of healthy fruits during the storage period. Humidity is an important factor for determining whether the disease is epidemic or not, and the disease is rainy, heavy fog or humid and serious.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new method for preventing and treating canna edulis ker diseases to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases. By using plant ash and EM bacterial liquid at proper time and high density, the occurrence of diseases such as canna edulis ker anthracnose can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the yield is obviously improved. Through popularization, the current situation that canna edulis ker can only be planted in a large area in a high-altitude area in south China in a connected mode at present can be changed, the planting area of the canna edulis ker is effectively expanded, and the problem that the market supply of canna edulis ker starch is not in demand is solved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases comprises the following steps:
s1: performing hotbed seedling culture during the period from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring of the next year;
s2: carrying out primary earthing up when the plant height of the canna edulis ker is 0.6-0.9 m;
s3: after summer, when the canna edulis ker plants are about 1 meter high and dew is not dry in the early morning, 50-75Kg of plant ash is scattered per mu and is uniformly scattered on stems and leaves of the plants;
s4: from the beginning of 6 months, adding water into EM (effective microorganisms) mother liquor for diluting by 100 times during the vigorous growth period of the canna edulis ker, and uniformly spraying the diluted EM mother liquor on the canna edulis ker plants;
s5: and spreading 150Kg of plant ash per mu in 7 middle-of-month ten days, and covering by combining with the second hilling.
Preferably, in S1, the cut part of the taro seed is dipped with plant ash during the seed selection and division.
Preferably, in the S2, when the soil is first hilled, the prepared EM strain mother solution is diluted by 100 times by adding water and then is uniformly sprayed on the canna plant.
Preferably, the EM strain mother solution is prepared by 10g of EM strain, 2Kg of brown sugar and 20Kg of water, and is cultured for 7 days.
Preferably, in the S4, the EM bacterium mother liquor is diluted by 100 times by adding water, and then is uniformly sprayed on the canna edulis ker plants, 1 time of spraying is carried out every 15-20 days, and 2-3 times of spraying is continuously carried out.
Compared with the related technology, the method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases. By using plant ash and EM bacterial liquid at proper time and high density, the occurrence of diseases such as canna edulis ker anthracnose can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the yield is obviously improved. Through popularization, the current situation that canna edulis ker can only be planted in a large area in a high-altitude area in south China in a connected mode at present can be changed, the planting area of the canna edulis ker is effectively expanded, and the problem that the market supply of canna edulis ker starch is not in demand is solved.
The EM is a microbial preparation compounded by 10 microorganisms which are more than 80 and mainly comprise photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and actinomycetes. The action mechanism is to form competition of the EM bacteria and the pathogenic microorganisms for nutrition, and as the EM bacteria are easy to survive and reproduce in the soil, the EM bacteria can quickly and stably occupy the ecological status in the soil to form a beneficial dominant community of the microorganisms, thereby controlling the reproduction of the pathogenic microorganisms and the attack on crops. Is the development direction of ecological agriculture, and is more beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture.
The EM bacteria promote the development of root systems and resist pathogenic bacteria by enhancing plant metabolism, promoting photosynthesis and strengthening a leaf protective film; antibacterial substances are generated to inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms, and beneficial substances are generated to prevent and control various diseases of crops; the beneficial flora and the actinomycetes in the soil are symbiotically co-cultured to form a good crop growth environment, improve the soil fertility, thoroughly improve the soil property and finally realize the way of green organic agricultural products, no-tillage operation and sustainable development.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
The method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases comprises the following steps:
s1: during the period from winter (ten days in 11 months) to spring (2 months) in the next year, raising seedlings on hotbeds. When selecting and dividing the seeds, the cut parts of the taro seeds are dipped by plant ash.
S2: when the height of the canna plant is 0.6-0.9 m, the prepared EM bacteria mother liquor (prepared from the mother liquor, 10g of EM bacteria plus 2Kg of brown sugar plus 20Kg of water, cultured for 7 days) is diluted by 100 times with water and then is evenly sprayed on the canna plant when the first hilling is carried out.
S3: after beginning to summer (5 last ten days), when the canna edulis ker plants are about 1 meter high and dew is not dry in the early morning, 50-75Kg of plant ash is scattered per mu and is uniformly scattered on stems and leaves of the plants.
S4: diluting EM strain mother liquor by 100 times with water from the beginning of 6 months during the vigorous growth period of canna edulis ker, uniformly spraying the diluted EM strain mother liquor on canna edulis ker plants, spraying for 1 time every 15-20 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
S5: and spreading 150Kg of plant ash per mu in 7 middle-of-month ten days, and covering by combining with the second hilling.
Compared with the related technology, the method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases. By using plant ash and EM bacterial liquid at proper time and high density, the occurrence of diseases such as canna edulis ker anthracnose can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the yield is obviously improved. Through popularization, the current situation that canna edulis ker can only be planted in a large area in a high-altitude area in south China in a connected mode at present can be changed, the planting area of the canna edulis ker is effectively expanded, and the problem that the market supply of canna edulis ker starch is not in demand is solved.
The EM is a microbial preparation compounded by 10 microorganisms which are more than 80 and mainly comprise photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and actinomycetes. The action mechanism is to form competition of the EM bacteria and the pathogenic microorganisms for nutrition, and as the EM bacteria are easy to survive and reproduce in the soil, the EM bacteria can quickly and stably occupy the ecological status in the soil to form a beneficial dominant community of the microorganisms, thereby controlling the reproduction of the pathogenic microorganisms and the attack on crops. Is the development direction of ecological agriculture, and is more beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture.
The EM bacteria promote the development of root systems and resist pathogenic bacteria by enhancing plant metabolism, promoting photosynthesis and strengthening a leaf protective film; antibacterial substances are generated to inhibit the propagation of harmful microorganisms, and beneficial substances are generated to prevent and control various diseases of crops; the beneficial flora and the actinomycetes in the soil are symbiotically co-cultured to form a good crop growth environment, improve the soil fertility, thoroughly improve the soil property and finally realize the way of green organic agricultural products, no-tillage operation and sustainable development.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for preventing and controlling canna edulis ker diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: performing hotbed seedling culture during the period from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring of the next year;
s2: when the plant height of the canna edulis ker is 0.6-0.9 m, carrying out first hilling;
s3: after summer, when the canna edulis ker plants are about 1 meter high and dew is not dry in the early morning, 50-75Kg of plant ash is scattered per mu and is uniformly scattered on stems and leaves of the plants;
s4: from the beginning of 6 months, adding water into EM (effective microorganisms) mother liquor for diluting by 100 times during the vigorous growth period of the canna edulis ker, and uniformly spraying the diluted EM mother liquor on the canna edulis ker plants;
s5: and spreading 150Kg of plant ash per mu in 7 middle-of-month ten days, and covering by combining with the second hilling.
2. The method for controlling canna edulis ker disease according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the cut part of the canna edulis ker is dipped with plant ash at the time of selecting and dividing the seeds.
3. The method for controlling canna edulis ker disease according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the prepared EM bacteria mother liquor is diluted 100 times with water and evenly sprayed on the canna edulis ker plant during the first hilling.
4. The method for controlling canna edulis ker disease according to claim 3, wherein the EM bacteria stock solution is configured to 10g of EM bacteria, 2Kg of brown sugar, and 20Kg of water, cultured for 7 days.
5. The method for controlling canna edulis ker disease according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the EM bacteria mother liquor is diluted 100 times with water and sprayed evenly on the canna edulis ker plants, 1 time every 15-20 days, 2-3 times continuously.
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