CN1144937C - 涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统 - Google Patents

涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统 Download PDF

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CN1144937C
CN1144937C CNB988099101A CN98809910A CN1144937C CN 1144937 C CN1144937 C CN 1144937C CN B988099101 A CNB988099101 A CN B988099101A CN 98809910 A CN98809910 A CN 98809910A CN 1144937 C CN1144937 C CN 1144937C
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bearing
directed thrust
integral body
turbocharger
bearing arrangement
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CN1273622A (zh
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S·G·阿圭拉
D·G·埃佩恩
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P·J·赫本
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L·B·詹森
S·W·科勒曼
S·N·萨哈伊
D·A·米利肯
R·L·罗佩兹
W·维克
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Honeywell International Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1075—Wedges, e.g. ramps or lobes, for generating pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F01D25/166—Sliding contact bearing
    • F01D25/168—Sliding contact bearing for axial load mainly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/025—Fixing blade carrying members on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/041—Axial thrust balancing
    • F04D29/0413—Axial thrust balancing hydrostatic; hydrodynamic thrust bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F04D29/047—Bearings hydrostatic; hydrodynamic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/266—Rotors specially for elastic fluids mounting compressor rotors on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/10—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for both radial and axial load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/02—Sliding-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05D2300/509—Self lubricating materials; Solid lubricants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/23—Gas turbine engines
    • F16C2360/24—Turbochargers

Abstract

一种在单一单元(6)中包括带有轴颈和推力轴承的整体的轴承系统，在中心以销柱把该单元装到轴承壳体上，该单元有与涡轮机和压缩机轮的推力表面结合的整体的推力表面润滑凹槽(40)和轴颈表面润滑凹槽(38)。该轴承采用与端部基本上等距离的第一孔(32)以与定位销柱(18)接合，防止轴承在轴承外壳孔内旋转，同时使轴承对于轴承外壳孔内的对称的摆动是自由的。

Description

涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统
对相关申请的交叉参考
本申请对临时申请60/054908的提交日期的权益提出权利要求，该申请的提交日期为1997年8月6日，题目为整体支承的涡轮增压机。
本发明的背景
本发明的领域
一般说来，本发明涉及用于涡轮增压机的轴承。更具体地说，本发明提供了一种整体的轴承系统，它带有结合在单一的单元中的轴颈和推力轴承，用销柱在中心把此单一单元装接到轴承壳体上，并且该轴承有与涡轮机和压缩机轮推力表面结合的整体的推力表面和轴颈表面润滑槽。
相关技术的描述
排气驱动的涡轮增压机包括一个旋转轴携带的涡轮机的轮和一个压缩机的轮，用油润滑的轴承把该轮可旋转地支撑在一个中心壳体内。通过以高转动速度常常超过100000RPM(每分钟转数)的排气驱动涡轮机轮，来带动压缩机轮，以提供内燃机使用的增压的空气。该轴承系统必须承受轴和轮的轴向运动，并且，轴承系统的轴颈作用必须适应转子组的转动动力和对转子组的转动动力有缓冲作用。
先有技术系统典型地采用一对轴颈轴承，一个中心的分隔件分别地限制它们，或把它们分开，以获得所要求的旋转状态。通过传统的推力垫圈或颈圈和端部面板或凸缘设计吸收推力负载，这些件中的一个件可以与轴颈轴承为一个整体。
因此，希望提供一种轴承系统，为了简单，它采用最少数量的部件。也希望减少在轴承系统中配接表面的数量，以便改进它的正常工作状态，并使得容易平衡。还希望该轴承保持在角度上的可变形能力，来适应轴的运动，同时提供适当的缓冲作用。还希望该轴承包括对于推力表面和轴颈表面的一种整体的以压力供应的润滑能力。
发明概述
采用本发明的用于涡轮增压机的一种整体的轴承系统包括：一个中心壳体，它包括一个轴承外壳孔和带有容纳一个定位销柱的孔的轮毂，该定位销柱伸展进轴承外壳孔中，基本上在孔的中心。单件的轴承容纳在轴承外壳孔中，它在相对的端部上有整体的推力表面，并在轴承靠近端部的部分有整体的轴颈支承表面。轴承还有一个内部的孔，以容纳在压缩机轮与涡轮机轮之间伸展的一根轴，该内部孔有多个在推力表面之间伸展的轴向凹槽。轴承还包括第一孔，它与端部基本上等距离，并与定位销柱接合，以防止轴承在轴承外壳孔内旋转。这种设置使轴承对于在轴承外壳孔内的对称摆动是自由的。轴承还有第二孔，它基本上位于中心，并与进入在中心壳体中的轴承外壳孔的一个润滑通道连通。在每个压缩机轮和涡轮机轮上的轮毂的一个端表面上的推力转子与轴承的推力表面接合。
附图的简要描述
由详细的描述和附图将会更清楚地理解本发明的细节和特点，附图中：
图1a为包括本发明的轴承系统的第一实施例的一个涡轮增压机的侧视剖面图，在该整体轴承的推力表面与压缩机轮毂之间有直接接触；
图1b为包括本发明的第二实施例的一个涡轮增压机的侧视剖面图，它采用一个推力垫圈；
图2为整体的轴颈和推力轴承单元的顶部剖开细节视图；
图3a为整体的轴颈和推力轴承单元的端视图；
图3b为部件的几何关系已经被确定的图2的端视图；
图3c为在推力表面中的径向凹槽的部分细节图；
图3d为图2所示的线3d的部分细节图；
图4为穿过图2所示的4-4线的剖面图；
图5为该单元的推力表面穿过图3b所示的5-5线的细节剖面图，详细地示出在润滑系统中的环槽脊、斜面和平面；
图6为在本发明中采用的压缩机轮的剖面图，详细地示出了油的密封、推力表面和涂层；以及
图7为图6所示的7-7线的细节的部分剖面图。
本发明的详细描述
参见附图，在图1a中示出了包括本发明的一个涡轮增压机。涡轮机壳体1、中心壳体2和压缩机壳体3形成该涡轮增压机的壳体。把涡轮机轮和轴组件4装接到压缩机轮5上，使轴可旋转地支承在装于中心壳体中的一个轴承6中。在涡轮机轮和压缩机轮上的活塞环密封件7防止润滑油由中心壳体泄漏进涡轮机或压缩机的壳体内。压缩环8使压缩机壳体更好地封装到中心壳体上。在涡轮机壳体与中心壳体之间接合一块遮挡件10，在涡轮机轮的后面伸展，作为一个热屏障。穿过垫圈压板12伸展的螺栓11把涡轮机壳体紧固到中心壳体上，同时螺栓13和垫圈压板14把压缩机壳体紧固到中心壳体上。
插进突起22的一个孔20的一个销柱18限制轴承6，使它不能在中心壳体的轴承外壳孔16中旋转。此轴承是半悬浮的，由于位于中心的销柱有由一端到另一端的对称的运动自由度，从而使在轴承外径与外壳孔之间的间隙中的油膜缓冲器的效率达到最佳。穿过一个入口24提供对轴承的润滑。穿过轴承伸展的轴包括一个凹进部分26，促进油在轴与轴承之间的流动。
在图2中示出了此轴承的详细剖面图。推力表面28位于此轴承的相对的端部。整体的轴承结构使部件的数目最少，并使在轴承的摆动中推力表面有最大的平行度。容纳定位销柱的孔32位于中心使得轴承端部的缓冲作用均匀。
轴承的孔34在推力表面之间伸展，并包括端部36，此端部的特征为表面的精加工特别精细，用来以轴承支承轴的未凹进的部分。轴向凹槽38沿着孔表面在纵向上伸展，用来使润滑剂流动。这些轴向凹槽通过改进对准同步的轴运动的承受能力进一步改善转子动力，这是由于减少了在稍微加载的支承条件下会遇到的油的漩涡。在所公开的实施例中示出的轴承采用一种用压力供应的润滑系统。
如在图3a-d中最清楚地看出的那样，本实施例的轴承的推力表面包括多个径向的凹槽40，这些凹槽改进了推力能力，同时增强了对污染的控制。对于在图中示出的实施例，采用了间隔为45度的八个径向凹槽(图3b)，其中四个凹槽与轴承孔中的轴向凹槽对准，如在图3c中最清楚地看出的那样。在图3d中示出了在此实施例中采用的凹槽的V形的细节。这些凹槽为90度的V形，其深度在0.15与0.25毫米之间。在顶点处有一个半径。在每个推力表面的内周边上的一个凹进部分42进一步增强了油的输送和分配。在图4中所示的轴承的端视剖面图示出了销柱孔32和润滑孔44。
图5示出了在轴承上的两个推力表面的形状，为穿过图3b的5-5线的剖面图。在压缩机轮与涡轮机轮相对于推力表面旋转的有关方向上，这些径向凹槽后面接着一个较低的平面46，此平面过渡到一个斜面48，此斜面的终止于一个较高的环槽脊50。对于在图中示出的本实施例来说，斜面的长度大约为1.55毫米，在较低的平面与较高环槽脊之间有0.025到0.051毫米的升高。
轴承的一个推力表面与在涡轮机轮毂上的一个推力转子接合，如在图1a和b中所示出的那样。在图6中详细地示出了与所描述的轴承结合使用的压缩机轮。轮5包括密封环凹槽52和一个推力表面54，它们与轮毂56为一体。在轮毂上直接包括推力表面减少了配接表面的数目，改进了它的正常工作状态，并使得容易平衡，同时改善了推力表面的热传递。对于所示出的实施例，采用了在压缩机轮上的一个硬的阳极镀层，来改善推力和在轮毂上密封环的磨损。业已发现，由Nimet Industries公司，该公司的地址为2424 N.Foundation Drive，SouthBend，Indiana，生产的Nituff涂层提供了一种适用的表面。为了容易加工，对轮的外表面进行涂层，然而，轴孔不进行涂层。如在图7中所示出的那样，采用了在到推力表面的孔出口上的一个沟槽58用作涂层的过渡，为的是避免由于加工过程中对孔进行掩蔽在推力表面上造成的涂层的正向伸出。
所采用的压缩机轮包括在孔的鼻部处的一个带螺纹的部分60，用来装接到轴62上，这使在轴承上悬垂的重量为最少。此外，包括本发明的轴承系统的设计使由轴承的轴颈到轮的重心的整个悬垂距离减小。悬垂距离的减小降低了压缩机端部的偏移，并改进轴承缓冲器的相对定位。
图1b中示出了本发明的第二实施例，其中在轴承的推力表面与压缩机轮毂之间包括一个推力垫圈64。此垫圈适应推力负载，有较高的磨损公差。与传统的推力颈圈相比，使用一个垫圈使制造的几何形状比较简单，更容易保持所要求的表面光洁度和平行度。
现在已经如专利规定所要求的那样描述了本发明，对本技术熟悉的人士将会认识到，对这里描述的具体的实施例有改型和替代物。这些改型和替代物是在下面的权利要求书中所确定的本发明的范围和含义以内。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于涡轮增压机的整体轴承系统，它包括：
一个中心壳体(2)，它包括一个轴承外壳孔(16)和带有容纳一个定位销柱(18)的孔(32)的轮毂(56)，该定位销柱伸展进轴承外壳孔中，基本上在孔的中心；
容纳在轴承外壳孔中的单件的轴承(6)，它在相对的端部(36)上有整体的推力表面(54)，并在轴承靠近端部的部分有整体的轴颈支承表面，所述轴承还有一个内部的孔，以容纳在压缩机轮与涡轮机轮之间伸展的一根轴，该内部孔有多个在推力表面之间伸展的轴向凹槽(38)，所述轴承有第一孔(32)，它与端部基本上等距离，并与定位销柱接合，以防止轴承在轴承外壳孔内旋转，所述轴承对于在轴承外壳孔内的对称摆动是自由的，所述轴承还有第二孔(34)，它基本上位于中心，并与进入在中心壳体中的轴承外壳孔的一个润滑通道连通；以及
在每个压缩机轮和涡轮机轮上的轮毂的一个端表面上的推力转子，所述推力转子与轴承的推力表面(54)接合。
2.按照权利要求1中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，每个推力表面(54)包括多个由内孔伸展的多个径向凹槽，所述凹槽中至少一个与在内孔上的所述轴向凹槽之一对准。
3.按照权利要求2中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，推力表面包括一个凹进部分(42)，其环绕着内孔由轴向凹槽到径向凹槽。
4.按照权利要求2中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，把推力表面沿圆周的形状做成有一个较低的平面，它相当靠近每个径向凹槽，过渡到一个斜面(48)，此斜面(48)终止于在相反方向上邻近下一个径向凹槽的一个较高的环槽脊(50)。
5.按照权利要求1中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，轴包括一个中心部分，它有一个减小的直径，以促进润滑剂在轴承中的流动。
6.按照权利要求1中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，轴承的外径在轴颈表面部分与中心轮毂部分之间向里凹进。
7.按照权利要求1中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，压缩机轮包括一个整体的轮毂，它有一个推力表面，以与在轴承上的推力表面之一接合。
8.按照权利要求7中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，压缩机整体的轮毂还包括一个活塞环槽，而轴承系统还包括安装在活塞环槽中并密封地与中心壳体接合的一个活塞环。
9.按照权利要求7中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其还包括在轮毂的推力表面上的阳极化涂层。
10.按照权利要求9中所述的用于涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统，其特征在于，阳极化涂层为Nituff。
CNB988099101A 1997-08-06 1998-08-06 涡轮增压机的整体的轴承系统 Expired - Lifetime CN1144937C (zh)

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AU8772698A (en) 1999-03-01
JP2001512801A (ja) 2001-08-28
AU738321B2 (en) 2001-09-13
WO1999007982A1 (en) 1999-02-18
KR100518630B1 (ko) 2005-10-04
BR9811602A (pt) 2000-09-05
KR20010022670A (ko) 2001-03-26
DE69825088T3 (de) 2008-04-10
EP1312770A3 (en) 2003-11-26
US6017184A (en) 2000-01-25
DE69827307D1 (de) 2004-12-02
JP4148644B2 (ja) 2008-09-10
CA2301151A1 (en) 1999-02-18
DE69825088T2 (de) 2005-07-21
DE69827307T2 (de) 2006-03-09
EP1002185A1 (en) 2000-05-24
CA2301151C (en) 2007-11-20
DE69818832D1 (de) 2003-11-13
DE69825088D1 (de) 2004-08-19
CN1273622A (zh) 2000-11-15
DE69836876D1 (de) 2007-02-22
EP1002185B1 (en) 2003-10-08
EP1312770A2 (en) 2003-05-21
EP1312770B1 (en) 2007-01-10
DE69836876T2 (de) 2007-07-05

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