CN114027112A - Cultivation method of vegetable rich in SOD - Google Patents
Cultivation method of vegetable rich in SOD Download PDFInfo
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- CN114027112A CN114027112A CN202111215787.XA CN202111215787A CN114027112A CN 114027112 A CN114027112 A CN 114027112A CN 202111215787 A CN202111215787 A CN 202111215787A CN 114027112 A CN114027112 A CN 114027112A
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 9
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- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000003016 pheromone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 3
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, and discloses a cultivation method of vegetables rich in SOD (superoxide dismutase), which comprises the following steps: preparing a vegetable culture medium; selecting vegetable varieties and pretreating cultivation land; sowing, transplanting and sprinkling irrigation management of vegetables are carried out; and (5) carrying out field management on the vegetables. According to the cultivation method of the vegetable rich in SOD provided by the invention, the vegetable cultivation substrate obtained by preparation is used as a base fertilizer for cultivating the vegetable rich in SOD, the SOD content and the yield of the vegetable are improved by times, and the cultivation method has great market value. Meanwhile, the raw materials of the vegetable culture medium prepared by the invention are mainly production wastes, have wide sources and high organic matter content, can provide good nutrition for vegetables, are green and environment-friendly, have high water absorption rate and strong water holding capacity, are not limited by regional resources in use, and are convenient to produce and popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of vegetables rich in SOD.
Background
At present, the vegetable planting of China is still in a relatively laggard extensive mode, and with the gradual upgrade of the consumption level of Chinese people, the consumption demand of green, pollution-free and functional vegetables is rapidly increased. In recent years, some people have popular life styles of raw vegetables such as juice extraction and the like, and superoxide dismutase (SOD for short) has a good effect of removing free radicals generated by body metabolism, so that the SOD content in the vegetables is further improved on the basis of culturing green, environment-friendly and organic vegetables, and the SOD-free vegetable culture medium has a good practical value. However, the cultivation method of the vegetables rich in SOD in the prior art mainly carries out cultivation production by using nutrient solution or organic-inorganic solid matched with the nutrient solution, and has the defects of large investment, low quality of cultivated products but higher price and difficult large-scale application. Therefore, a new cultivation method of vegetables rich in SOD is needed.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: in the prior art, the cultivation method of the vegetable rich in SOD mainly carries out cultivation production by nutrient solution or organic-inorganic solid matched nutrient solution, has the problems of large investment, low quality of cultivated products, high price and the like, and is difficult to apply on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method of vegetables rich in SOD.
The invention is realized in such a way that the cultivation method of the vegetable rich in SOD comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a vegetable culture medium: preparing a vegetable culture medium by using decomposed cow dung, decomposed mushroom residues, carbonized rice hulls, humic acid, coconut residues, a compound microbial inoculum, potassium mineral powder, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, chelated iron and sterilized deionized water through a insolation fermentation method, and collecting liquid sprayed from the vegetable culture medium to obtain a bacterial liquid for spraying;
selecting vegetable varieties and pretreating cultivation land: selecting leaf vegetable varieties to be cultivated; removing weeds around the land to be cultivated and sundries in the land blocks, ploughing, sunning soil, and raking up furrows; after soil preparation and ridge raising, applying 2/3 prepared vegetable culture medium as a base fertilizer into soil, and spraying water once every 1-2 days;
step three, sowing, transplanting and sprinkling irrigation management of vegetables are carried out: sowing vegetable seeds on the surface of the ridge, and covering the seeds with a vegetable culture medium prepared from 1/3; after seedling transplanting and sowing, bamboo chips and a fixing frame are erected on the surface of a furrow, a 30-40-mesh insect-proof net is used for covering, and mud soil is used for compacting the periphery; after the vegetables emerge and leaves are spread, taking the bacterial liquid for spraying collected in the step one, and carrying out spray irrigation on the insect-proof net without uncovering the insect-proof net in the whole process;
step four, performing field management on vegetables: insect pest control in the field is carried out by hanging trap lamps, trap yellow boards and special moth pheromone trapping and killing bottles around the vegetable field; after the vegetables are transplanted and sown for 15 days, sprinkling water, supplementing bacterial liquid for sprinkling and chasing and sprinkling every 7-10 days for 1 time, and forbidding spraying and fertilizing 7-10 days before picking; the one-time harvesting method is implemented, namely, the net is uncovered completely and the whole harvest is carried out by taking the coverage area of one insect-proof net as a unit.
Further, in the first step, the vegetable culture medium comprises, by mass, 40-50 parts of decomposed cow dung, 30-40 parts of decomposed mushroom residues, 15-30 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of coconut coir, 3-6 parts of a complex microbial inoculum, 1-3 parts of potassium mineral powder, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-0.8 part of chelated iron and the balance of sterilized deionized water.
Further, the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus mucilaginosus, and the ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus cereus to the bacillus mucilaginosus is 2-3: 4-5: 1.
further, the total number of viable bacteria in the composite microbial inoculum is more than or equal to 250 hundred million CFU.
Further, in the first step, the preparation of the vegetable culture medium and the bacterial liquid for spraying comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing raw materials according to the parts by weight, uniformly stirring and mixing thoroughly decomposed cow dung, thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag, carbonized rice hulls, humic acid and coconut coir, adding calcium superphosphate after uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) dissolving potassium mineral powder, magnesium sulfate and chelated iron by using sterilized deionized water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and uniformly spraying the dissolved solution on the mixture until the surface of the matrix is wet to obtain a mixture B;
(3) uniformly mixing the mixture B, adjusting the water content to be 40-50% w/w, adding a composite microbial inoculum, and fully performing aerobic fermentation;
(4) and after stacking the fermented cultivation medium materials, atomizing and spraying 2-3 times of water, and collecting liquid sprayed from the cultivation medium materials to obtain a bacterial liquid for spraying.
Further, in the second step, the leaf vegetables are selected from any one of flowering cabbage, pakchoi, mustard and green stem vegetables.
Further, in the second step, the depth of the ploughed land is 20-30 cm, and the soil is sunned for 5-7 days.
Further, in the second step, the rake is turned over to raise a furrow, and the width of the furrow is 1.0-1.5 m.
Further, in the third step, the concentration of the bacillus cereus in the bacterial liquid for spraying is 200-350 hundred million CFU/mL, and 300-600 mL of the bacterial liquid for spraying is applied every mu.
Further, in step four, the pest control, comprising: 3-5 trap lamps are hung every 15 mu around the vegetable field, 5-8 trap yellow boards and 2-4 groups of special moth pheromone trapping and killing bottles are hung every mu.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the cultivation method of the vegetable rich in SOD provided by the invention, the vegetable cultivation substrate obtained by preparation is used as a base fertilizer for cultivating the vegetable rich in SOD, the SOD content and the yield of the vegetable are improved by times, and the cultivation method has great market value. Meanwhile, the raw materials of the vegetable culture medium prepared by the invention are mainly production wastes, have wide sources and high organic matter content, can provide good nutrition for vegetables, are green and environment-friendly, have high water absorption rate and strong water holding capacity, are not limited by regional resources in use, and are convenient to produce and popularize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for cultivating vegetables rich in SOD according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing the vegetable culture medium and the spraying bacterial liquid provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for selecting vegetable varieties and pretreating cultivation lands according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for managing sowing, seedling transplanting and sprinkling irrigation of vegetables according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a field management method for vegetables according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method of vegetables rich in SOD, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the cultivation method of vegetables rich in SOD provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s101, preparing a vegetable culture medium;
s102, selecting vegetable varieties and preprocessing cultivation land;
s103, sowing, transplanting and sprinkling irrigation management of vegetables are carried out;
and S104, performing field management on the vegetables.
In step S101 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the vegetable culture medium is performed: the method comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a vegetable culture medium by using decomposed cow dung, decomposed mushroom residues, carbonized rice hulls, humic acid, coconut husk, a compound microbial inoculum, potassium mineral powder, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, chelated iron and sterilized deionized water through a insolation fermentation method, and collecting liquid sprayed from the vegetable culture medium to obtain a bacterial liquid for spraying.
In step S101 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the vegetable cultivation substrate comprises, by mass, 40-50 parts of decomposed cow dung, 30-40 parts of decomposed mushroom residues, 15-30 parts of carbonized rice hulls, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of coconut coir, 3-6 parts of a complex microbial inoculum, 1-3 parts of potassium mineral powder, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-0.8 part of chelated iron and the balance of sterilized deionized water.
The composite microbial agent provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus mucilaginosus, wherein the ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus cereus to the bacillus mucilaginosus is 2-3: 4-5: 1.
the total number of viable bacteria in the composite microbial inoculum provided by the embodiment of the invention is more than or equal to 250 hundred million CFU.
As shown in fig. 2, in step S101 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the vegetable culture substrate and the spray bacterial solution includes:
s201, respectively weighing raw materials according to parts by weight, uniformly stirring and mixing thoroughly decomposed cow dung, thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag, carbonized rice hulls, humic acid and coconut coir, adding calcium superphosphate after uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
s202, dissolving potassium mineral powder, magnesium sulfate and chelated iron by using sterilized deionized water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and uniformly spraying the dissolved solution on the mixture until the surface of the matrix is wet to obtain a mixture B;
s203, uniformly mixing the mixture B, adjusting the water content to be 40-50% w/w, adding a composite microbial inoculum, and fully performing aerobic fermentation;
s204, after the fermented cultivation medium materials are stacked, atomizing and spraying water with the weight being 2-3 times that of the cultivation medium materials, and collecting liquid sprayed out of the cultivation medium materials to obtain a bacterial liquid for spraying.
As shown in fig. 3, in step S102 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the selecting of the vegetable variety and the pre-treating of the cultivation area include:
s301, selecting leaf vegetable varieties to be cultivated;
s302, removing weeds around the land to be cultivated and sundries in the land blocks, ploughing, sunning, and ploughing up;
s303, after soil preparation and ridge raising, applying 2/3-prepared vegetable cultivation substrate as a base fertilizer into soil, and spraying water once every 1-2 days.
The leaf vegetables provided by the embodiment of the invention are any one selected from the group consisting of flowering cabbage, pakchoi, mustard and green stem vegetables.
The depth of the plowed land provided by the embodiment of the invention is 20-30 cm, and the soil is sunned for 5-7 days.
The ploughing and harrowing machine provided by the embodiment of the invention has the furrow width of 1.0-1.5 m.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S103, the sowing, seedling transplanting, and sprinkling irrigation management of vegetables includes:
s401, sowing vegetable seeds on the surface of a furrow, and covering the seeds with a vegetable cultivation medium prepared from 1/3;
s402, after seedling transplanting and seeding, putting bamboo chips and a fixing frame on the surface of a furrow, covering the furrow with a 30-40-mesh insect-proof net, and compacting the periphery with mud soil;
and S403, after the seedlings emerge and leaves are spread on the vegetables, taking the bacterial liquid for spraying collected in the step one, and carrying out spray irrigation on the insect-proof net without uncovering the insect-proof net in the whole process.
The concentration of bacillus cereus in the bacterial liquid for spraying provided by the embodiment of the invention is 200-350 hundred million CFU/mL, and 300-600 mL of the bacterial liquid for spraying is applied every mu.
As shown in fig. 5, in step S104 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the performing field management on vegetables includes:
s501, insect pest control in the field is carried out in a mode that trap lamps, trap yellow boards and moth pheromone trap special bottles are hung around the vegetable field;
s502, spraying water, supplementing bacterial liquid for spraying for sprinkling and tracing 1 time every 7-10 days after the vegetables are transplanted and sowed for 15 days, and forbidding spraying and fertilizing 7-10 days before picking;
s503, a one-time harvesting method is carried out, and the net is uncovered and harvested completely by taking the coverage area of one insect-proof net as a unit.
The embodiment of the invention provides pest control, which comprises the following steps: 3-5 trap lamps are hung every 15 mu around the vegetable field, 5-8 trap yellow boards and 2-4 groups of special moth pheromone trapping and killing bottles are hung every mu.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The cultivation method of the vegetable rich in SOD is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a vegetable culture medium: preparing a vegetable culture medium by using decomposed cow dung, decomposed mushroom residues, carbonized rice hulls, humic acid, coconut residues, a compound microbial inoculum, potassium mineral powder, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, chelated iron and sterilized deionized water through a insolation fermentation method, and collecting liquid sprayed from the vegetable culture medium to obtain a bacterial liquid for spraying;
selecting vegetable varieties and pretreating cultivation land: selecting leaf vegetable varieties to be cultivated; removing weeds around the land to be cultivated and sundries in the land blocks, ploughing, sunning soil, and raking up furrows; after soil preparation and ridge raising, applying 2/3 prepared vegetable culture medium as a base fertilizer into soil, and spraying water once every 1-2 days;
step three, sowing, transplanting and sprinkling irrigation management of vegetables are carried out: sowing vegetable seeds on the surface of the ridge, and covering the seeds with a vegetable culture medium prepared from 1/3; after seedling transplanting and sowing, bamboo chips and a fixing frame are erected on the surface of a furrow, a 30-40-mesh insect-proof net is used for covering, and mud soil is used for compacting the periphery; after the vegetables emerge and leaves are spread, taking the bacterial liquid for spraying collected in the step one, and carrying out spray irrigation on the insect-proof net without uncovering the insect-proof net in the whole process;
step four, performing field management on vegetables: insect pest control in the field is carried out by hanging trap lamps, trap yellow boards and special moth pheromone trapping and killing bottles around the vegetable field; after the vegetables are transplanted and sown for 15 days, sprinkling water, supplementing bacterial liquid for sprinkling and chasing and sprinkling every 7-10 days for 1 time, and forbidding spraying and fertilizing 7-10 days before picking; the one-time harvesting method is implemented, namely, the net is uncovered completely and the whole harvest is carried out by taking the coverage area of one insect-proof net as a unit.
2. The cultivation method of the SOD-rich vegetable as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the vegetable cultivation substrate comprises, by mass, 40-50 parts of decomposed cow dung, 30-40 parts of decomposed mushroom residue, 15-30 parts of carbonized rice husk, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of coconut husk, 3-6 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 1-3 parts of potassium mineral powder, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-0.8 part of chelated iron, and the balance of sterilized deionized water.
3. The method for cultivating the SOD-enriched vegetable as claimed in claim 2, wherein the complex microbial inoculant comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus mucilaginosus, and the ratio of the Bacillus subtilis, the Bacillus cereus and the Bacillus mucilaginosus is 2-3: 4-5: 1.
4. the method for cultivating vegetables with rich SOD as claimed in claim 2, wherein the total number of viable bacteria in the complex microbial inoculum is not less than 250 hundred million CFU.
5. The method for cultivating the vegetable rich in SOD as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the vegetable cultivation substrate and the spray broth in the first step comprises:
(1) respectively weighing raw materials according to the parts by weight, uniformly stirring and mixing thoroughly decomposed cow dung, thoroughly decomposed mushroom slag, carbonized rice hulls, humic acid and coconut coir, adding calcium superphosphate after uniformly stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) dissolving potassium mineral powder, magnesium sulfate and chelated iron by using sterilized deionized water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and uniformly spraying the dissolved solution on the mixture until the surface of the matrix is wet to obtain a mixture B;
(3) uniformly mixing the mixture B, adjusting the water content to be 40-50% w/w, adding a composite microbial inoculum, and fully performing aerobic fermentation;
(4) and after stacking the fermented cultivation medium materials, atomizing and spraying 2-3 times of water, and collecting liquid sprayed from the cultivation medium materials to obtain a bacterial liquid for spraying.
6. The method for cultivating a vegetable rich in SOD as defined in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the leafy vegetable is selected from the group consisting of cabbage, pakchoi, mustard and green stem.
7. The method for cultivating SOD-enriched vegetables as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the depth of the ploughed land is 20-30 cm, and the soil is sunned for 5-7 days.
8. The method for cultivating vegetables rich in SOD as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the ploughing is carried out to form a furrow with a width of 1.0-1.5 m.
9. The method for cultivating vegetables rich in SOD as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of Bacillus cereus in the spray broth is 200-350 hundred million CFU/mL in the third step, and 300-600 mL of the spray broth is applied per mu.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling of pests in the fourth step comprises: 3-5 trap lamps are hung every 15 mu around the vegetable field, 5-8 trap yellow boards and 2-4 groups of special moth pheromone trapping and killing bottles are hung every mu.
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Application publication date: 20220211 |