WO2017219494A1

WO2017219494A1 - Soilless culture substrate and cultivation method for foliage plants

Info

Publication number: WO2017219494A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/097337
Authority: WO
Inventors: 许丽珍
Original assignee: 广东森维绿联科技有限公司
Priority date: 2016-06-24
Filing date: 2016-08-30
Publication date: 2017-12-28
Also published as: CN106069673A

Abstract

Provided is a soilless culture substrate for foliage plants. The proportion of the substrate is appropriate, and the cost is low. The essential factors of the substrate include appropriate air porosity, water holding capacity, large total porosity and small volume weight. The substrate is very suitable for the cultivation of foliage plants. An economical and environment-friendly culture substrate for foliage plants is obtained by decreasing the parts by weight of peat soil in the substrate. The substrate can be used as an ideal soilless culture substrate for foliage plants.

Description

Leafless plant soilless culture substrate and cultivation method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to a plant substrate, in particular to a leafless plant soilless culture substrate and a cultivation method thereof.

Background technique

Soilless culture A method of cultivating plants with other things, including hydroponics, fog (gas) culture, and substrate cultivation. A soilless culture method in which a plant substrate is fixed with a solid substrate (medium) and the nutrient solution and oxygen are absorbed through the substrate. There are many kinds of substrates. The commonly used inorganic substrates are vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, sand, polyurethane, etc.; organic substrates include peat, rice husk charcoal and bark. Therefore, substrate cultivation is divided into rock wool cultivation, sand culture and the like.

The matrix is the key to ensure the quality of the seedlings. The high-quality matrix can provide the plant with a good ventilation environment, suitable water holding capacity, and has the qualities of light weight, convenient transportation, no pests and diseases, and economic and environmental protection of raw materials. With the popularization and application of soilless cultivation techniques, the demand for substrates is increasing, and enterprises specialized in matrix production have emerged as the times require, and the types of substrates are becoming more and more abundant, gradually showing the development trend of segmentation and specialization. . At present, the most widely used soilless culture substrates in horticultural production are nutrient soil, vermiculite, perlite, peat and water. The ideal cultivation substrates in the world are peat and rock wool. However, peat and rock wool are a non-renewable resource. The destruction of the environment by a large amount of mining is very serious, and it will also cause the depletion of natural resources. Based on this, it is inevitable to invest in the development of various environmentally sustainable alternative matrix formulations. At present, the price of imported peat soil is increasing, the peat soil resources are gradually decreasing, and how to reduce peat soil in the ratio of soilless culture substrate. A good quality matrix ratio is obtained in portions.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a foliage plant cultivation substrate and a cultivation method thereof according to the above problems, and to obtain an economical and environmentally friendly foliage plant cultivation substrate by reducing the amount of peat soil in the matrix, and providing a view A simple and easy-to-operate cultivation method for leafless soilless culture substrates.

The technical scheme of the invention adopts imported peat soil, sputum manure and carbonized rice husk as raw materials for matrix formulation. Imported peat soil is a kind of decomposed organic matter, which has the characteristics of compressibility, water retention and recycling. Earthworms are excreta produced by digesting organic matter, with nutrient composition, high porosity and large water holding capacity. Carbonized rice husk is an organic matter of rice husk after warming and carbonization. It has small bulk density, good aeration and water retention, and is rich in potassium. The above raw materials are environmentally friendly. At present, the price of imported peat soil is increasing, and the peat soil resources are gradually decreasing. The technical scheme of the present invention optimizes the ratio for this experiment to obtain a substrate for reducing the amount of peat soil.

The technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following methods:

A soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant, wherein the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 38%-54% peat soil, 26%-40% sputum feces, 20%-36% carbonized husk; the matrix The pH is 5.8-6.1, the conductivity is 600-700μs/cm, the water holding capacity is 45%-65%, the air porosity is 10%-30%, the total porosity is 50%-85%, and the bulk density is 0.19-0.70g. /cm ³ .

Further, the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 38% peat soil, 38% sputum feces, and 24% carbonized husk.

Further, the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 50% peat soil, 26% sputum feces, and 24% carbonized husk.

Further, the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 42% peat soil, 35% sputum feces, and 23% carbonized husk.

Further, the substrate has a pH of 5.8 to 6.0, an electric conductivity of 650 to 700 μs/cm, a water holding capacity of 50% to 60%, an air porosity of 20% to 28%, a total porosity of 55% to 70%, and a bulk density. It is 0.25 to 0.50 g/cm ³ .

Further, the peat soil has a diameter of 10-15 mm, the manure has a diameter of 0-2.6 mm, and the carbonized rice husk has a diameter of 0.7-6.0 mm.

Further, the carbonized rice husk is washed with tap water before use to remove a large amount of potassium carbonate to reduce the pH.

The invention also discloses a cultivation method of a soilless culture substrate of a foliage plant, comprising the following steps:

Formulating a substrate: the substrate of any of the above;

Plant selection;

Transplanting the selected plants in a pot containing the substrate;

The daily management of the cultivated plants is carried out, and the daily management includes LED white light illumination and tap water pouring.

Further, the LED white light illumination time is 12 hours per day.

Further, the tap water has a pH of 6.5 to 7.0 and an electric conductivity of 100 μs/cm to 150 μs/cm.

The beneficial effects of the solution of the invention are: obtaining an economical and environmentally friendly substrate by reducing the amount of peat soil in the matrix, in order to cope with the increasing price of the currently imported peat soil, the problem of gradually reducing the peat soil resources, and providing a simple operation. A method for cultivating a leafless culture substrate.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows the appearance indicators of the tabby Begonia in different matrices.

Figure 2 shows the appearance indicators of Begonia chinensis in different matrices.

Figure 3 shows the appearance of bumps in different substrates.

detailed description

All terms used herein have the following definitions unless otherwise stated. All percentages used herein are based on volume unless otherwise stated. The terms "comprising," "having," "having," and "having" are meant to have an open meaning, that is, "including but not limited to".

The invention is further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a leafless plant soilless culture substrate and a cultivation method thereof, the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 38%-54% peat soil, 26%-40% sputum feces, 20% -36% carbonized rice husk; the substrate has a pH of 5.8 to 6.1, an electrical conductivity of 600 to 700 μs/cm, a water holding capacity of 45% to 65%, an air porosity of 10% to 30%, and a total porosity of 50%. ～85%, the bulk density is 0.19-0.7g/cm ³ .

The peat soil has a diameter of 10-15 mm, the manure has a diameter of 0-2.6 mm, and the carbonized rice husk has a diameter of 0.7-6.0 mm.

The carbonized rice husk is washed with tap water before use to remove a large amount of potassium carbonate and reduce the pH.

The raw materials of the foliage plant cultivation substrate in the examples of the present invention are selected as follows:

Peat soil (10-15mm in diameter, market purchase);

Manure (0-2.6mm in diameter, market purchase);

Carbonized rice husk (0.7-6.0mm in diameter, marketed).

In the embodiment of the present invention, a test result of a matrix of pure peat soil is also provided as a comparison, and the pure peat soil is cultivated according to the cultivation method of the substrate.

The method for cultivating the substrate and the step of plant growth test in the embodiments of the present invention:

Formulation of the matrix: preparation according to the matrix ratio described above;

Plant selection; Begonia 'Tiger', Begonia rex, and Plectranthus 'Cerveza'n Lime' cuttings, all of which are 30 days old. Seven repetitions, three repetitions, and three repetitions are set in the above categories.

Transplanting the selected plants in a pot containing the substrate;

Further, the LED white light illumination time is 12 hours per day.

Example 1

The matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 38% peat soil, 38% antimony manure, 24% carbonized rice husk; the substrate has a pH of 6.0, an electric conductivity of 700 μs/cm, a water holding capacity of 50%, and an air porosity. It was 28%, the total porosity was 60%, and the bulk density was 0.40 g/cm ³ .

Implemented as above.

Example 2

The matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 50% peat soil, 25% antimony, 25% carbonized rice husk; the substrate has a pH of 5.8, a conductivity of 660 μs/cm, a water holding capacity of 59%, and an air porosity. It was 22%, the total porosity was 69%, and the bulk density was 0.29 g/cm ³ .

Implemented as above.

Example 3

The matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 42% peat soil, 35% sputum manure, 23% carbonized rice husk; the substrate has a pH of 5.9, an electric conductivity of 680 μs/cm, a water holding capacity of 53%, and an air porosity. It was 24%, the total porosity was 65%, and the bulk density was 0.48 g/cm ³ .

Implemented as above.

Pure peat soil example

The matrix material comprises, by volume ratio, the following ratio: pure peat soil 100%.

It is carried out in accordance with the substrate cultivation method.

The specific embodiment of the present invention compares the growth effects of the three kinds of foliage plants in three examples and pure peat soil, and the growth of the plants is the height of the plant, the crown width, The number of leaves was used as a reference parameter, and the height, crown width and leaf number were measured after planting for 30 days.

It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the height, crown width and leaf number of the tabby Begonia cultivated in Example 1 are significantly higher than those in pure peat soil;

It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the height, crown width and leaf number of the cultivated 秋Begonia in the embodiment 2 are significantly higher than those in the pure peat soil; it can be seen from Fig. 3 that the cultivar is cultivated in the embodiment 3. The height, crown width and leaf number are significantly higher than those in pure peat soil; the air porosity, water holding capacity, total porosity and bulk density of the matrix formulation from the above test data are within the industry reference standard, and the plant test is measured. The data show that the leafless plant soilless culture substrate is superior to the pure peat soil cultivation substrate. An economical and environmentally-friendly foliage plant cultivation substrate is obtained by reducing the amount of peat soil in the matrix, and the substrate can be used as an ideal soilless culture substrate for foliage plants.

Claims

A soilless culture substrate of a foliage plant, characterized in that the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 38%-54% peat soil, 26%-40% antimony feces, 20%-36% carbonized rice husk The matrix has a pH of 5.8 to 6.1, an electrical conductivity of 600 to 700 μs/cm, a water holding capacity of 45% to 65%, an air porosity of 10% to 30%, a total porosity of 50% to 85%, and a bulk density of 0.19 to 0.70 g/cm 3 .
The soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant according to claim 1, wherein the matrix material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 38% peat soil, 38% earthworm manure, and 24% carbonized rice husk.
The soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant according to claim 1, wherein the matrix material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 50% peat soil, 26% earthworm manure, and 24% carbonized rice husk.
The soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant according to claim 1, wherein the matrix raw material comprises the following ratios by volume ratio: 42% peat soil, 35% sputum manure, and 23% carbonized rice husk.
The soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the substrate has a pH of 5.8 to 6.0, an electric conductivity of 650 to 700 μs/cm, and a water holding capacity of 50%. ～60%, the air porosity is 20% to 28%, the total porosity is 55% to 70%, and the bulk density is 0.25 to 0.50 g/cm 3 .
The soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the peat soil has a diameter of 10-15 mm, and the diameter of the manure is 0-2.6 mm, and the diameter of the carbonized rice husk is It is 0.7-6.0mm.
The soilless culture substrate of the foliage plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carbonized rice husk is washed with tap water before use to remove a large amount of potassium carbonate to reduce the pH.
A cultivation method for a soilless culture substrate of a foliage plant, characterized in that:

Formulating a substrate: a substrate according to any of the preceding claims;

Plant selection;

Transplanting the selected plants in a pot containing the substrate;

Daily management of transplanted plants, including daily LED light illumination, tap water irrigation.
The method for cultivating a leafless plant soilless culture substrate according to claim 8, wherein the LED white light illumination time is 12 hours per day.
The method for cultivating a soilless culture substrate of a foliage plant according to claim 8, wherein the tap water has a pH of 6.5-7.0 and an electrical conductivity of 100 μs/cm to 150 μs/cm.