CN113994923A - Breeding boar propagation promoting prevention and control method - Google Patents

Breeding boar propagation promoting prevention and control method Download PDF

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CN113994923A
CN113994923A CN202111313540.1A CN202111313540A CN113994923A CN 113994923 A CN113994923 A CN 113994923A CN 202111313540 A CN202111313540 A CN 202111313540A CN 113994923 A CN113994923 A CN 113994923A
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breeding
parts
boars
boar
combination
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CN113994923B (en
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侯林兵
何兴昀
谭荣炳
周智
陈凯
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Guangzhou Pucheng Biotechnology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Pucheng Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding boar breeding promotion prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps: feeding a special feed for breeding boars: the special feed for the breeding boar comprises fermented composite fiber, composite fat, a base material and an additive; feeding mode: the breeding boar is fed freely until the weight of the breeding boar is 80-100kg and then restricted; controlling the temperature of the pigsty at 18-25 ℃ and the humidity at 50-60%. The breeding promoting prevention and control method for the breeding boars, which is disclosed by the invention, aims at the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the breeding boars, adopts different feeding modes in different growth stages, organically combines the feed nutrition composition, the feeding modes and environmental factors, comprehensively prevents and controls the feeding process of the breeding boars, effectively improves the fertility of the breeding boars, and overcomes the problems that the breeding boars have poor libido, loss of libido, abnormal semen and the like and the reproductive performance of the breeding boars is reduced due to improper nutrition, feeding management and the like of the existing breeding boars.

Description

Breeding boar propagation promoting prevention and control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding boar breeding promotion prevention and control method.
Background
The breeding boar is the core of the pig farm, the reproductive performance of the breeding boar directly influences the litter size, the farrowing rate and the fertility of the sow, thereby influencing the production performance and the economic benefit of the pig farm, and the suitable nutrition supply and the scientific feeding management are necessary for the current intensive boar production.
Poor semen quality is a major cause of boar culling. According to statistics, the proportion of the rejected boars is 18.4-26.4% due to poor semen quality every year. Nutrition is an important influencing factor, and is directly related to boar reproductive performance and breeding age. However, at present, the nutrition requirement and feeding management of the boars are not paid enough attention, and the special nutrition requirement and feeding management requirement of the boars are ignored when a plurality of boar farms feed the boars with pregnant sow feed, so that the reproductive performance of the boars is reduced, the service life is reduced, and the elimination rate is increased.
CN106614369A discloses a breeding method for promoting the reproduction of live pigs, which comprises the following steps: when the weight of the live pig is less than 60-80kg, the highest feed intake can be provided for the live pig to eat freely, and when the weight of the live pig reaches 80kg or 5 months old, the feed intake is controlled; selecting a male parent and a female parent for live pig breeding to carry out mixed culture; adding feed additive before pregnancy, observing estrus condition, and promoting mating; separating the male parent and the female parent after mating, ensuring the feed intake of the female parent in the lactation period of the pig breeding female parent after farrowing, continuously increasing the feed additive, and maintaining the ovary, uterus and breast of the pig breeding female parent.
CN111296658A discloses a compound feed for improving reproductive performance of breeding boars and a preparation method thereof, which mainly comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 48.5-57.5 parts of corn, 14-18 parts of soybean meal, 0.5-0.9 part of stone powder, 5-13 parts of wheat bran, 0.1-0.3 part of choline chloride, 1-5 parts of soybean hull, 1-2 parts of soybean oil, 1-3 parts of rice bran meal, 1-3 parts of steam fish meal, 1 part of compound premix, 1-3 parts of alfalfa meal, 2-5 parts of puffed flaxseed, 0.2-0.5 part of lysine, 0.3-0.7 part of taurine, 0.15-0.2 part of baking soda, 0.01-0.02 part of L-threonine, 0.03-0.05 part of mycotoxin adsorbent, 0.02-0.03 part of Danquinlin No. 1 and 0.5-1 part of glucose. The reproductive performance of the breeding boar can be improved, the number of semen, the sperm motility and the sperm density of the breeding boar are obviously improved, and the sperm aberration rate of the boar is obviously reduced, so that the fertilization rate of the breeding boar is improved.
At present, the conventional method for improving the fertility of breeding boars basically only considers the nutrition factor or the feeding mode factor singly, and has limited effect on improving the fertility of the boars, so that a more reasonable and scientific feeding management method for the breeding boars is very necessary if the method can be made.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a breeding boar breeding promotion prevention and control method which is a scientific and reasonable feeding management method, organically combines a feed formula, a feeding mode and environmental factors for prevention and control and can effectively improve the fertility of breeding boars.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a breeding boar breeding promotion and control method, which comprises the following steps:
feeding a special feed for breeding boars: the special feed for the breeding boar comprises fermented composite fiber, composite fat, a base material and an additive;
feeding mode: the breeding boar is fed freely until the weight of the breeding boar is 80-100kg and then restricted;
controlling the temperature of the pigsty at 18-25 ℃ and the humidity at 50-60%.
The breeding promoting prevention and control method for the breeding boars, which is disclosed by the invention, aims at the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the breeding boars, adopts different feeding modes in different growth stages, organically combines the feed nutrition composition, the feeding modes and environmental factors, comprehensively prevents and controls the feeding process of the breeding boars, effectively improves the fertility of the breeding boars, and overcomes the problems that the breeding boars have poor libido, loss of libido, abnormal semen and the like and the reproductive performance of the breeding boars is reduced due to improper nutrition, feeding management and the like of the existing breeding boars.
Wherein, the special feed for the breeding boars is added with fat, which can improve the quality of the semen of the breeding boars; the addition of the fermented composite fiber can improve the quality of semen, improve the digestion utilization rate and prevent mycotoxin infected by fiber raw materials from influencing the quality of feed, so that the fertility of the breeding boar is influenced.
Specific values of 80-100kg may be selected from 80kg, 82kg, 84kg, 85kg, 86kg, 88kg, 90kg, 92kg, 94kg, 95kg, 98kg, 60kg, etc. 80-100kg of breeding boars are about 8 months old.
The specific value of 18-25 deg.C can be selected from 18 deg.C, 19 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 21 deg.C, 22 deg.C, 23 deg.C, 24 deg.C, 25 deg.C, etc.
Specific values of the above 50-60% may be selected from 50%, 52%, 55%, 58%, 60%, etc.
Other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the additive comprises any one of calcium supplement, vitamin premix, trace element premix or common salt or a combination of at least two of them.
The combination of at least two of the calcium supplement and the vitamin premix, the trace element premix and the salt, and the like can be selected in any combination mode, and the description is omitted.
Preferably, the base material comprises corn and/or soybean meal.
Preferably, the calcium supplement comprises any one of calcium bicarbonate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate or stone dust or a combination of at least two of them.
The combination of at least two of the calcium bicarbonate and the calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the combination of the calcium dihydrogen phosphate and the stone powder, the combination of the calcium bicarbonate and the stone powder, and the like can be selected in any combination mode, and are not repeated herein.
Preferably, the calcium supplement comprises a combination of calcium bicarbonate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and stone dust.
Preferably, the calcium supplement comprises 10-20 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 30-50 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-30 parts of stone powder by weight.
When the calcium supplement is combined by calcium bicarbonate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and stone powder in a specific ratio, the calcium supplement has the best calcium supplement effect by matching with other raw materials.
The calcium bicarbonate can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts and the like.
The weight parts of the calcium dihydrogen phosphate can be 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts and the like.
The stone powder can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and the like.
Other specific point values within the above numerical range can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the vitamin premix comprises any one or a combination of at least two of vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin, choline, riboflavin, folic acid, or nicotinic acid.
The combination of at least two of the above components, such as the combination of vitamin a, vitamin D3 and vitamin E, the combination of vitamin K, vitamin B1 and vitamin B6, the combination of vitamin B12, the combination of biotin and choline, etc., can be selected in any combination manner, and will not be described in detail herein.
Preferably, the trace element premix comprises any one or a combination of at least two of I, Fe, Mn, Se, or Zn.
The combination of at least two of the above components, such as I, Fe and Mn, I, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn, may be selected in any combination manner, and thus, details thereof are not repeated herein.
In the invention, the fermentation composite fiber is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
mixing the fermentation raw material with the composite probiotics and then carrying out anaerobic fermentation to obtain the probiotic fermented feed;
the fermentation raw materials comprise any one or the combination of at least two of defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hulls or pea hulls; the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria.
Preferably, the composite probiotics comprise the combination of 10-30 parts of bacillus subtilis and 5-15 parts of lactic acid bacteria in parts by weight.
The weight parts of the bacillus subtilis can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and the like; the weight parts of the lactic acid bacteria can be 5 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts and the like; other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
According to the invention, specific composite probiotics are selected to carry out anaerobic fermentation on specific raw materials, the obtained fermentation product is matched with other raw materials to form the feed, the quality of semen can be improved, the digestion utilization rate can be improved, mycotoxin infected by fiber raw materials can be prevented from influencing the quality of the feed, and the fertility of the breeding boar is influenced.
Preferably, the fermentation raw material comprises a combination of defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hulls and pea hulls. The best breeding promoting effect is achieved when the fermentation raw materials are selected from the combination of defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hulls and pea hulls.
Preferably, the fermentation raw material comprises 10-30 parts of defatted rice bran, 10-20 parts of oat bran, 5-15 parts of beet pulp, 10-25 parts of soybean peel and 5-10 parts of pea peel in parts by weight.
The parts by weight of the defatted rice bran can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 23 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and the like; the oat bran can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts and the like in parts by weight; the weight parts of the beet pulp can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 15 parts and the like; the soybean hulls can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts and the like in parts by weight; the weight parts of the pea skins can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts and the like; other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the addition amount of the complex probiotics is 3-5% of the fermentation raw material, such as 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, and the like, and other specific values within the numerical range can be selected, which is not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃, such as 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃ and the like; fermentation humidity is 40-60%, such as 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, etc.; the fermentation time is 65-80h, such as 65h, 68h, 70h, 72h, 76h, 80h, etc. Other specific point values within the above numerical range can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
In the present invention, the complex fat includes a combination of at least two of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil, or phospholipid oil; the combination of at least two of the above components, such as the combination of linseed oil and perilla oil, the combination of perilla oil and safflower oil, the combination of fish oil and phospholipid oil, etc., can be selected in any combination manner, and thus, the details are not repeated.
Preferably, the complex fat comprises a combination of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil and phospholipid oil.
The combination of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil and phospholipid oil is selected as the composite fat component, so that the effect of improving the quality of the boar semen is more remarkable.
Preferably, the compound fat comprises the combination of 5-10 parts of linseed oil, 10-20 parts of perilla oil, 5-10 parts of safflower oil, 5-10 parts of fish oil and 15-30 parts of phospholipid oil in parts by weight.
The weight parts of the linseed oil can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts and the like; the perilla oil can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts and the like in parts by weight; the parts by weight of the safflower oil can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts and the like; the weight parts of the fish oil can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts and the like; the parts by weight of the phospholipid oil can be 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and the like; other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Wherein the feed contains omega-3 PUFAs (namely n3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, linolenic acid, EPA and DHA) and omega-6 PUFAs (namely n6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and DPA) in a mass ratio of 1 (4-6), and the ratio of DHA to DPA (1-2) to 1.
The preparation method of the special feed for the breeding boar in the method related by the invention is as follows:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, fermented composite fiber and composite fat, and performing thermal refining at 40-60 deg.C for 10-40 s; and then granulating the quenched and tempered product.
Preferably, the feeding mode is: the breeding boar is fed freely until the weight of the breeding boar is 85-95kg, and then restricted feeding is carried out.
Preferably, the feeding restriction mode is as follows: feeding 1-3kg, such as 1kg, 2kg, 3kg, etc., every day, and other specific points in the numerical range can be selected, which is not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the temperature of the pigsty is controlled to be 20-23 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50-60%.
In the method, the temperature of the piggery is further controlled within 20-23 ℃, so that the phenomena of sperm motility reduction and higher teratogenesis rate caused by overhigh temperature, particularly the phenomena of the sperm head teratogenesis rate and the near-end protoplast drop sperm rate are obviously increased, and the fertility of the breeding boar is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the breeding promoting prevention and control method for the breeding boars, which is disclosed by the invention, aims at the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the breeding boars, adopts different feeding modes in different growth stages, organically combines the feed nutrition composition, the feeding modes and environmental factors, comprehensively prevents and controls the feeding process of the breeding boars, effectively improves the fertility of the breeding boars, and overcomes the problems that the breeding boars have poor libido, loss of libido, abnormal semen and the like and the reproductive performance of the breeding boars is reduced due to improper nutrition, feeding management and the like of the existing breeding boars.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
The lactic acid bacteria powder referred to in the examples below is Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
Preparation example 1
The preparation example prepares a feed special for breeding boars, and the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn, 20 parts of soybean meal, 0.4 part of salt, 25 parts of fermented composite fiber, 5 parts of composite fat, 3 parts of calcium supplement, 1 part of microelement premix and 1 part of vitamin premix.
The fermented composite fiber is prepared by the following preparation method: pulverizing defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hull and pea hull in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:1, mixing with 5% of composite probiotics (bacillus subtilis powder and lactic acid bacteria powder in a mass ratio of 2: 1), performing anaerobic fermentation at 32 ℃, adjusting the fermentation moisture by using distilled water to 50%, fermenting for 72h, and drying the moisture.
Wherein the compound fat comprises 10 parts of linseed oil, 10 parts of perilla oil, 10 parts of safflower oil, 5 parts of fish oil and 20 parts of phospholipid oil.
Wherein the calcium supplement consists of 15 parts by weight of calcium bicarbonate, 40 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 20 parts by weight of stone powder; the vitamin premix comprises VA 15000IU/kg, VD33000IU/kg, VE 400mg/kg, VK 2mg/kg, vitamin B13 mg/kg, VB 61 mg/kg, VB1230 mu g/kg, biotin 0.5mg/kg, choline 0.4g/kg, riboflavin 3mg/kg, folic acid 3mg/kg and nicotinic acid 20mg/kg in concentration in the feed; the trace element premix comprises 0.3mg/kg of I, 80mg/kg of Fe, 30mg/kg of Mn, 0.5mg/kg of Se and 60mg/kg of Zn according to the concentration of each element in the feed.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, fermented composite fiber and composite fat, and performing thermal refining at 55 deg.C for 20 s; the quenched and tempered product was then granulated (average particle size 3.5 mm).
Preparation example 2
The preparation example prepares a feed special for breeding boars, and the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of corn, 15 parts of soybean meal, 0.4 part of salt, 27 parts of fermented composite fiber, 3 parts of composite fat, 2 parts of calcium supplement, 2 parts of trace element premix and 1 part of vitamin premix.
The fermented composite fiber is prepared by the following preparation method: pulverizing defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hull and pea hull in a mass ratio of 1:2:1:2:1, mixing with 3% of composite probiotics (bacillus subtilis powder and lactic acid bacteria powder in a mass ratio of 2: 1), performing anaerobic fermentation at 35 ℃, adjusting the fermentation moisture by using distilled water to 45%, fermenting for 70h, and drying the moisture.
Wherein the compound fat comprises 10 parts of linseed oil, 20 parts of perilla oil, 5 parts of safflower oil, 10 parts of fish oil and 15 parts of phospholipid oil.
Wherein the calcium supplement consists of 20 parts by weight of calcium bicarbonate, 50 parts by weight of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 parts by weight of stone powder; the vitamin premix comprises VA 15000IU/kg, VD33000IU/kg, VE 400mg/kg, VK 2mg/kg, vitamin B13 mg/kg, VB 61 mg/kg, VB1230 mu g/kg, biotin 0.5mg/kg, choline 0.4g/kg, riboflavin 3mg/kg, folic acid 3mg/kg and nicotinic acid 20mg/kg in concentration in the feed; the trace element premix comprises 0.3mg/kg of I, 80mg/kg of Fe, 30mg/kg of Mn, 0.5mg/kg of Se and 60mg/kg of Zn according to the concentration of each element in the feed.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, fermented composite fiber and composite fat, and performing thermal refining at 50 deg.C for 30 s; the quenched and tempered product was then granulated (average particle diameter 3.0 mm).
Preparation examples 3 to 7
The preparation example prepares the feed special for the five breeding boars, and the formula of the feed is only different from that of the preparation example 1 in that the fermentation raw materials only contain defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hulls and pea hulls when preparing the fermented fiber. Other raw materials and contents are kept unchanged. The preparation method is the same as that of preparation example 1.
Preparation example 8
The preparation example prepares a feed special for breeding boars, and the formula of the feed is different from that of the preparation example 1 only in that 5 percent of composite probiotics is replaced by 5 percent of bacillus subtilis powder when preparing the fermented composite fiber. Other raw materials and contents are kept unchanged. The preparation method is the same as that of preparation example 1.
Preparation example 9
The preparation example prepares a feed special for breeding boars, and the formula of the feed is different from that of the preparation example 1 only in that 5 percent of composite probiotics is replaced by 5 percent of lactic acid bacteria powder when preparing the fermented composite fiber. Other raw materials and contents are kept unchanged. The preparation method is the same as that of preparation example 1.
Comparative preparation example 1
The comparative preparation example prepares a feed special for breeding boars, and the formula of the feed is different from that of the preparation example 1 only in that the fermented composite fibers are replaced by the non-fermented composite fibers: the oat bran-soybean milk is prepared by baking, drying and crushing defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hull and pea hull in a mass ratio of 2:1:1:2:1 and mixing.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a breeding boar breeding promotion prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps:
feeding the breeding boar special feed of the preparation example 1;
the following breeding modes are adopted: the breeding boars are fed freely until the weight of the breeding boars is 90kg, and then the breeding boars are restricted to be fed for 2 times every day, wherein 2kg of breeding boars are fed for 2 times every day;
the temperature of the pigsty is maintained to be about 21 ℃ and the humidity is maintained to be about 55% through the central air conditioner and the humidifier.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a breeding boar breeding promotion prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps:
feeding the special feed for the breeding boars in the preparation example 2;
the following breeding modes are adopted: the breeding boars are fed freely until the weight of the breeding boars is 85kg, and then restricted feeding is carried out, 3kg is fed every day, and the feeding is carried out for 2 times every day;
the temperature of the pigsty is maintained to be about 20 ℃ and the humidity is maintained to be about 50% through the central air conditioner and the humidifier.
Examples 3 to 9
This example provides a method for controlling the growth of seven breeder boars, which is different from example 1 only in that the feed special for the breeder boars of preparation example 1 is sequentially replaced with the feed special for the breeder boars of preparation examples 3 to 9, and the other operations are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 1
This example provides a breeding boar breeding promotion control method, which is different from example 1 only in that the breeding boar exclusive feed of preparation example 1 is sequentially replaced with the breeding boar exclusive feed of comparative example 1, and the other operations are kept unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The present example provides a breeding boar breeding promotion control method, which is different from example 1 only in that the following breeding mode is adopted: the breeding boar can freely feed to breed. The other operations remain unchanged.
Example 10
This example provides a breeding boar breeding promotion control method, which is different from example 1 only in that the pigsty temperature is maintained at about 25 ℃ and the humidity is maintained at about 55% by a central air conditioner and a humidifier.
Test example 1
117 healthy mature and mature boars with the average age of (23.30 +/-1.12) months are selected and randomly divided into 13 groups, each group has 3 repetitions, 3 boars are repeated, the feeding modes of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-2 are respectively adopted for 1-12 groups, and the conventional feeding mode is adopted for a control group: feeding common pig feed (Guangzhou Aaonong Biotech Co., Ltd.); the following breeding modes are adopted: freely eating; the temperature of the pigsty is about 28 ℃, and the humidity is about 65%.
Semen was collected at week 8 of the experiment, and the semen volume, sperm density, sperm motility, and sperm teratogenicity of the breeder boar were determined and the average values were calculated, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Group of Sperm motility (%) Sperm density (10)6/mL) Sperm abnormality rate (%) Semen volume (mL)
Example 1 88.3 362.1 6.3 242.5
Example 2 88.7 358.3 6.4 238.2
Example 3 87.2 356.7 6.4 241.2
Example 4 86.8 346.2 6.5 233.3
Example 5 88.1 360.4 6.4 242.8
Example 6 87.8 358.9 6.4 236.4
Example 7 86.5 349.6 6.6 230.8
Example 8 86.8 345.7 6.8 230.1
Example 9 87.3 358.5 6.6 242.6
Example 10 86.2 348.6 7.0 230.9
Comparative example 1 86.5 340.8 6.8 230.1
Comparative example 2 87.3 344.7 6.8 227.8
Control group 86.4 342.3 7.1 228.4
From the data results in table 1, it can be seen that: compared with a comparative example and a control group, the breeding boar breeding promotion prevention and control method can effectively improve the fertility of the breeding boar and obviously improve the quality of the semen, including improving the semen volume, the semen vitality and the semen density and reducing the sperm aberration rate. And the formula of the feed, the adjustment of the feeding mode and the adjustment of the environmental temperature can obviously influence the improvement degree of the reproductive capacity of the feed.
The applicant states that the present invention is described in the above examples as a breeding boar breeding promotion control method of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e., it is not meant to be construed that the present invention is necessarily limited to the above examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Claims (10)

1. The breeding promotion prevention and control method for the breeding boar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
feeding a special feed for breeding boars: the special feed for the breeding boar comprises fermented composite fiber, composite fat, a base material and an additive;
feeding mode: the breeding boar is fed freely until the weight of the breeding boar is 80-100kg and then restricted;
controlling the temperature of the pigsty at 18-25 ℃ and the humidity at 50-60%.
2. The breeding promoting and controlling method for breeding boars according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises any one or a combination of at least two of calcium supplement, vitamin premix, trace element premix or common salt;
preferably, the base material comprises corn and/or soybean meal.
3. The breeding promotion and control method for boars of claim 2, wherein the calcium supplement comprises any one or a combination of at least two of calcium bicarbonate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate or stone powder;
preferably, the calcium supplement comprises a combination of calcium bicarbonate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and stone dust;
preferably, the calcium supplement comprises 10-20 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 30-50 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-30 parts of stone powder by weight.
4. The breeding promotion and control method for breeding boars according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the vitamin premix comprises any one or a combination of at least two of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin, choline, riboflavin, folic acid or nicotinic acid.
5. The breeding promotion and control method for breeding boars according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the microelement premix comprises any one of I, Fe, Mn, Se or Zn or a combination of at least two of the same.
6. The breeding boar propagation promoting and controlling method for the breeding boar according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fermented composite fiber is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
mixing the fermentation raw material with the composite probiotics and then carrying out anaerobic fermentation to obtain the probiotic fermented feed;
the fermentation raw materials comprise any one or the combination of at least two of defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hulls or pea hulls; the composite probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria;
preferably, the composite probiotics comprise the combination of 10-30 parts of bacillus subtilis and 5-15 parts of lactic acid bacteria in parts by weight.
7. The breeding boar propagation prevention and control method for breeding boars according to claim 6, wherein the fermentation raw materials comprise a combination of defatted rice bran, oat bran, beet pulp, soybean hull and pea hull;
preferably, the fermentation raw material comprises the combination of 10-30 parts of defatted rice bran, 10-20 parts of oat bran, 5-15 parts of beet pulp, 10-25 parts of soybean peel and 5-10 parts of pea peel in parts by weight;
preferably, the addition amount of the composite probiotics is 3-5% of the fermentation raw material;
preferably, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 40-60%, and the fermentation time is 65-80 h.
8. The breeding boar propagation prevention and control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the complex fat comprises a combination of at least two of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil or phospholipid oil;
preferably, the complex fat comprises a combination of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil and phospholipid oil;
preferably, the compound fat comprises the combination of 5-10 parts of linseed oil, 10-20 parts of perilla oil, 5-10 parts of safflower oil, 5-10 parts of fish oil and 15-30 parts of phospholipid oil in parts by weight.
9. The breeding boar propagation promoting and controlling method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the feeding mode is: the breeding boar is fed freely until the weight of the breeding boar is 85-95kg and then restricted;
preferably, the feeding restriction mode is as follows: feeding 1-3kg daily.
10. The breeding boar propagation promoting and controlling method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the temperature of the pigsty is controlled to be 20 to 23 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 50 to 60%.
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