CN113994924A - Backup sow breeding promotion prevention and control method - Google Patents

Backup sow breeding promotion prevention and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113994924A
CN113994924A CN202111313572.1A CN202111313572A CN113994924A CN 113994924 A CN113994924 A CN 113994924A CN 202111313572 A CN202111313572 A CN 202111313572A CN 113994924 A CN113994924 A CN 113994924A
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parts
replacement
replacement gilt
vitamin
combination
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侯林兵
何明春
杨毅
邬燕峰
吴海涛
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Guangzhou Pucheng Biotechnology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Pucheng Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a backup sow breeding promotion prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps: the special feed for the replacement gilts is fed, and the temperature, the carbon dioxide concentration and the ammonia concentration of a pigsty are controlled by adopting a specific feeding mode. The breeding promotion prevention and control method for the replacement gilt aims at the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the replacement gilt, adopts different feeding modes at different growth stages of the replacement gilt, organically combines the feed nutritional composition, the feeding mode and environmental factors, comprehensively prevents and controls the feeding process of the replacement gilt, effectively improves the reproductive capacity of the replacement gilt, and overcomes the problems of late initial startup, poor condition, breeding disorder, low conception rate, low litter size, low embryo survival rate and the like of the replacement gilt caused by improper nutrition, feeding management and the like.

Description

Backup sow breeding promotion prevention and control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding, and particularly relates to a backup sow breeding promotion prevention and control method.
Background
The breeding capacity of the sow is closely related to the breeding benefit, the feeding management of the replacement gilt is an important link of the feeding management of the whole breeding herd, and the breeding capacity of the replacement gilt has important influence on the breeding of the whole herd. The initiation of the primordial phase is an important mark for the replacement gilt to obtain the reproductive capacity, and the main goal of word breeding of the replacement gilt is to initiate the primordial phase timely and have a good follicular development state.
With the change of pig raising modes, particularly the breeding of high-yield lean-meat sows, nearly 20% of replacement gilts are eliminated due to no heat or delayed heat time every year, and breeding disorders including prolonged heat, unpredictable first heat, lower fertility rate and lower litter size of first litter are common problems in the production of replacement gilts. The reproductive capacity of replacement gilts is in certain correlation with heredity, nutrition, environment and the like.
CN108094307A discloses a refined feeding method for improving reproductive capacity of pregnant sows, which divides the gestation period of the sows into 5 stages, pertinently obtains the feed input amount according to the backfat measurement value, reduces manual experience errors and nutrition imbalance caused by blind feeding, promotes the maximization of the productivity of the sows and improves the total farrowing rate and the survival rate of the sows. The pregnant sow is fed in a refined feeding mode, the operation is simple and easy to control, the feeding amount is reasonable and balanced, the fat condition of the individual sow can be adjusted to the optimal state, the overall pig group is uniform and healthy in size, the standard reaching rate of the body condition of the sow is improved, and the reasonable service life of the sow piglets is prolonged.
CN106614369A discloses a breeding method for promoting the reproduction of live pigs, which comprises the following steps: when the weight of the live pig is less than 60-80kg, the highest feed intake can be provided for the live pig to eat freely, and when the weight of the live pig reaches 80kg or 5 months old, the feed intake is controlled; selecting a male parent and a female parent for live pig breeding to carry out mixed culture; adding feed additive before pregnancy, observing estrus condition, and promoting mating; separating the male parent and the female parent after mating, ensuring the feed intake of the female parent in the lactation period of the pig breeding female parent after farrowing, continuously increasing the feed additive, and maintaining the ovary, uterus and breast of the pig breeding female parent.
At present, the method for improving the fertility of the sows, which is commonly used, basically only considers the nutrition factors or the feeding mode factors, and has limited effect on improving the fertility of the sows, so a more reasonable and scientific feeding management method is very necessary to be made.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a replacement sow breeding promotion prevention and control method which is a scientific and reasonable feeding management method, prevents and controls the replacement sow through nutrition and feeding management and can effectively improve the fertility of the replacement sow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a backup sow breeding promotion prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps:
feeding replacement gilts with special feed: the special feed for the replacement gilt comprises dietary fiber, fat, base stock and additives;
the following breeding modes are adopted: after the replacement gilt is fed freely until the weight is 50-70kg, restricted feeding is carried out, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-;
the temperature of the pigsty is controlled to be 18-26 ℃, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 1500-3The concentration of ammonia gas is 2.0-10.0mg/m3。
The breeding promotion prevention and control method for the replacement gilt aims at the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the replacement gilt, adopts different feeding modes at different growth stages of the replacement gilt, organically combines the feed nutritional composition, the feeding mode and environmental factors, comprehensively prevents and controls the feeding process of the replacement gilt, effectively improves the reproductive capacity of the replacement gilt, and overcomes the problems of late initial startup, poor condition, breeding disorder, low conception rate, low litter size, low embryo survival rate and the like of the replacement gilt caused by improper nutrition, feeding management and the like.
The special feed for the replacement gilt is added with fat, the oestrus rate of the replacement gilt can be improved, the initial oestrus starting is facilitated, and meanwhile, the damage of excessive fat to the quality of oocytes can be greatly reduced by matching with dietary fibers, so that the survival rate of embryos is improved; and the dietary fiber can prevent the replacement gilt from being fat by promoting the increase of the proportion of intestinal flora related to lean body shape and increasing the richness and biodiversity of the intestinal flora, and the replacement gilt cannot be fat or lack of emotion when being matched with fat. Therefore, the feed can fully meet the energy required by the growth and development of replacement gilts, does not cause obesity and anestrus of the replacement gilts, and can improve the survival rate of embryos on the basis of promoting the initial estrus starting of the gilts and improving the estrus rate of the replacement gilts.
Specific values of the above 50-70kg may be selected from 50kg, 52kg, 54kg, 55kg, 56kg, 58kg, 60kg, 62kg, 64kg, 65kg, 68kg, 70kg, etc.
The specific value in 600-800g/d can be selected from 600g/d, 620g/d, 650g/d, 680g/d, 700g/d, 720g/d, 740g/d, 750g/d, 780g/d, 800g/d, etc.
Specific values in the above-mentioned 1-3 weeks may be selected from 1 week, 10 days, 12 days, 2 weeks, 16 days, 18 days, 3 weeks and the like.
The specific value of 18-26 deg.C can be selected from 18 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 22 deg.C, 24 deg.C, 25 deg.C, 26 deg.C, etc.
The above 1500-3The specific value of (1) can be 1500mg/m3、1800mg/m3、2000mg/m3、2200mg/m3、2500mg/m3、2800mg/m3、3000mg/m3And the like.
The above 2.0-10.0mg/m3The specific value of (1) can be 2mg/m3、3mg/m3、4mg/m3、5mg/m3、6mg/m3、7mg/m3、8mg/m3、9mg/m3、10.0mg/m3And the like.
Other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the additive comprises calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, fish meal and salt.
Preferably, the feed special for replacement gilts comprises, by weight, 15-30 parts of dietary fibers, 5-15 parts of fat, 40-80 parts of base materials, 1-5 parts of calcium supplements, 0.5-1 part of vitamin premix, 0.5-1 part of trace element premix, 1-5 parts of fish meal and 0.3-0.8 part of salt.
The weight parts of the dietary fiber can be 15 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts and the like.
The weight parts of the fat can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts and the like.
The base material can be 40 parts, 42 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts and the like in parts by weight.
The calcium supplement may be present in 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, etc.
The vitamin premix can be 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part and the like in parts by weight.
The trace element premix can be 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part, 1 part and the like in parts by weight.
The weight parts of the fish meal can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts and the like.
The salt can be 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part and the like in parts by weight.
Other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the base material comprises corn and/or soybean meal.
Preferably, the base material comprises 30-50 parts of corn and 10-30 parts of soybean meal by weight.
The corn can be 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts and the like.
The soybean meal can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and the like in parts by weight.
Other specific point values within the above numerical ranges can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the dietary fiber comprises any one or a combination of at least two of defatted rice bran, oat bran, konjac flour, beet pulp or pea skin; the combination of at least two of the above-mentioned materials, such as the combination of defatted rice bran and oat bran, the combination of konjac flour and beet pulp, the combination of beet pulp and pea skin, etc., can be selected in any combination manner, and are not repeated herein.
Preferably a combination of defatted rice bran, oat bran and konjac flour.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the soluble fiber to the insoluble fiber in the dietary fiber is (1-5): (5-15), for example, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 2:5, 2:15, 3:5, 3:10, 4:5, 4:15, etc., and other specific values in the numerical range can be selected, which is not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the fat comprises any one of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil or phospholipid oil or a combination of at least two of the same; the combination of at least two of the above components, such as the combination of linseed oil and perilla oil, the combination of perilla oil and safflower oil, the combination of fish oil and phospholipid oil, etc., can be selected in any combination manner, and thus, the details are not repeated.
A combination of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil and fish oil is preferred.
Preferably, the content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fat is 0.5-3g (e.g. 0.5g, 1g, 1.5g, 2g, 3g, etc.) and the content of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids is 1-10g (e.g. 1g, 3g, 5g, 8g, 10g, etc.) per kg of the special feed for replacement gilts.
Preferably, the calcium supplement comprises any one or a combination of at least two of calcium carbonate, monocalcium phosphate or calcium citrate; the combination of at least two of the calcium carbonate and the calcium dihydrogen phosphate, the combination of the calcium dihydrogen phosphate and the calcium citrate, and the like can be selected in any combination manner, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the calcium supplement comprises a combination of calcium carbonate, monocalcium phosphate and calcium citrate.
Preferably, the calcium supplement comprises a combination of 10-20 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 30-50 parts by weight of monocalcium phosphate and 10-30 parts by weight of calcium citrate.
The calcium carbonate can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts and the like.
The weight parts of the calcium dihydrogen phosphate can be 30 parts, 35 parts, 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts and the like.
The weight parts of the calcium citrate can be 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts and the like.
Other specific point values within the above numerical range can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the vitamin premix comprises any one or a combination of at least two of vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin, choline, betaine, riboflavin, folic acid, or niacin.
The combination of at least two of the above components, such as the combination of vitamin a, vitamin D3 and vitamin E, the combination of vitamin K, vitamin B1 and vitamin B6, the combination of vitamin B12, the combination of biotin and choline, etc., can be selected in any combination manner, and will not be described in detail herein.
Preferably, the trace element premix comprises any one or a combination of at least two of I, Fe, Mn, Se, or Zn.
The combination of at least two of the above components, such as I, Fe and Mn, I, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn, may be selected in any combination manner, and thus, details thereof are not repeated herein.
The preparation method of the feed special for replacement gilts in the method related by the invention is as follows:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with fish meal, salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, dietary fiber and fat, and performing thermal refining at 40-60 deg.C for 10-40 s; and then granulating the quenched and tempered product.
Preferably, the pigsty temperature is controlled to be 22-26 ℃. In the method, the temperature of the pigsty is further controlled within 22-26 ℃, so that the growth comfort of the replacement gilt can be further improved, the contents of estradiol and progesterone in the serum of the replacement gilt are improved, the first oestrus age and the mating age of the replacement gilt can be improved, and the fertility of the replacement gilt is improved.
Preferably, the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the pigsty is controlled to be 2000-2500mg/m3. In the method of the present invention, the carbon dioxide concentration in the pigsty is controlled to 2000-2500mg/m3In addition, the air quality of the pigsty can be further improved, the shortage of oxygen and low immunity of replacement gilts can be avoided, and the mental state and appetite of the replacement gilts can be improved, so that the fertility of the replacement gilts can be improved.
Preferably, the concentration of the ammonia gas in the pigsty is controlled to be 4.0-8.0mg/m3. In the method, the concentration of ammonia gas in the pigsty is controlled to be 4.0-8.0mg/m3In addition, the air quality of the pigsty can be further improved, the phenomenon that the replacement gilt is improper or poisoned to influence the growth of the replacement gilt is avoided, and therefore the fertility of the replacement gilt is improved.
Preferably, the feeding mode is: the replacement gilt is restricted to be fed after freely feeding until the weight is 60kg, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-800g/d, and the free feeding is recovered 2 weeks before hybridization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the breeding promotion prevention and control method for the replacement gilt aims at the physiological characteristics and nutritional requirements of the replacement gilt, adopts different feeding modes at different growth stages of the replacement gilt, organically combines the feed nutritional composition, the feeding mode and environmental factors, comprehensively prevents and controls the feeding process of the replacement gilt, effectively improves the reproductive capacity of the replacement gilt, and overcomes the problems of late initial startup, poor condition, breeding disorder, low conception rate, low litter size, low embryo survival rate and the like of the replacement gilt caused by improper nutrition, feeding management and the like.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
Preparation example 1
The preparation example prepares a special feed for replacement gilts, and the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of bean pulp, 3 parts of fish meal, 0.5 part of salt, 25 parts of dietary fiber, 10 parts of fat, 3 parts of calcium supplement, 0.5 part of microelement premix and 0.5 part of vitamin premix.
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises 10 parts of defatted rice bran, 20 parts of oat bran, 8 parts of konjac flour, 15 parts of beet pulp and 20 parts of pea peel in parts by weight; the fat consists of 15 parts of linseed oil, 5 parts of perilla oil, 10 parts of safflower oil, 8 parts of fish oil and 10 parts of phospholipid oil.
Wherein the calcium supplement comprises 15 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 40 parts by weight of monocalcium phosphate and 20 parts by weight of calcium citrate; the vitamin premix comprises VA 1500IU/kg, VD 33000 IU/kg, VE 15IU/kg, VK 2mg/kg, vitamin B11 mg/kg, VB 61 mg/kg, VB 1215 mu g/kg, biotin 0.1mg/kg, choline 0.4g/kg, betaine 2g/kg, riboflavin 3mg/kg, folic acid 0.3mg/kg and nicotinic acid 20mg/kg in concentration in the feed; the microelement premix comprises 50 parts of zinc oxide, 0.2 part of sodium selenite, 1.5 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.4 part of potassium iodide and 60 parts of ferrous sulfate.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with fish meal, salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, dietary fiber and fat, and performing thermal refining at 55 deg.C for 20 s; the quenched and tempered product was then granulated (average particle diameter 3.0 mm).
Preparation example 2
The preparation example prepares a special feed for replacement gilts, and the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of corn, 30 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of fish meal, 0.5 part of salt, 30 parts of dietary fiber, 5 parts of fat, 1 part of calcium supplement, 0.6 part of microelement premix and 0.5 part of vitamin premix.
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises 15 parts of defatted rice bran, 15 parts of oat bran, 10 parts of konjac flour, 10 parts of beet pulp and 15 parts of pea peel in parts by weight; the fat consists of 10 parts of linseed oil, 8 parts of perilla oil, 15 parts of safflower oil, 10 parts of fish oil and 15 parts of phospholipid oil.
Wherein, the formulation composition of the calcium supplement, the vitamin premix and the trace element premix is the same as that of the preparation example 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with fish meal, salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, dietary fiber and fat, and performing thermal refining at 50 deg.C for 30 s; the quenched and tempered product was then granulated (average particle size 3.5 mm).
Preparation example 3
The preparation example prepares a special feed for replacement gilts, and the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn, 10 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of fish meal, 0.5 part of salt, 20 parts of dietary fiber, 15 parts of fat, 5 parts of calcium supplement, 0.6 part of microelement premix and 0.5 part of vitamin premix.
Wherein the dietary fiber comprises 20 parts of defatted rice bran, 10 parts of oat bran, 5 parts of konjac flour, 20 parts of beet pulp and 10 parts of pea peel in parts by weight; the fat comprises 20 parts of linseed oil, 10 parts of perilla oil, 20 parts of safflower oil, 5 parts of fish oil and 5 parts of phospholipid oil.
Wherein, the formulation composition of the calcium supplement, the vitamin premix and the trace element premix is the same as that of the preparation example 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
pulverizing soybean meal and corn, mixing with fish meal, salt, calcium supplement, vitamin premix, microelement premix, dietary fiber and fat, and performing thermal refining at 60 deg.C for 15 s; the quenched and tempered product was then granulated (average particle size 3.2 mm).
Preparation examples 4 to 6
The preparation example prepares three special feeds for replacement gilts, and the difference of the formula from the preparation example 1 is that the dietary fiber only contains defatted rice bran, oat bran and konjac flour respectively, and the content of the dietary fiber is kept unchanged. Other raw materials and contents are kept unchanged. The preparation method is the same as that of preparation example 1.
Preparation examples 7 to 10
The preparation example prepares four special feeds for replacement gilts, and the formula of the special feeds is only different from that of the preparation example 1 in that the fat only contains linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil and fish oil respectively, and the content of the fat is kept unchanged. Other raw materials and contents are kept unchanged. The preparation method is the same as that of preparation example 1.
Comparative preparation example 1
This comparative preparation example prepared a feed dedicated to replacement gilts, the formulation of which differed from preparation example 1 only in that it contained no dietary fibre component, the reduced content of which was supplemented by fat.
Comparative preparation example 2
This comparative preparation example prepared a feed dedicated to replacement gilts, the formulation of which differed from preparation example 1 only in that it contained no fat component, the reduced content of which was complemented by dietary fiber.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a breeding promotion prevention and control method for replacement sows, which comprises the following steps:
feeding the replacement gilt special feed of the preparation example 1;
the following breeding modes are adopted: the replacement gilt is fed freely until the weight of the replacement gilt is 60kg, restricted feeding is carried out, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-;
the temperature of the pigsty is maintained to be about 24 ℃ through a central air conditioner; selecting 4 points in the pigsty, and measuring CO with height of 0.6m by INNOVA monitor2Concentration and NH3Concentration, the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 2500-3Ammonia concentration of 0.4-0.8mg/m3。
Example 2
The embodiment provides a breeding promotion prevention and control method for replacement sows, which comprises the following steps:
feeding the replacement gilt special feed of the preparation example 2;
the following breeding modes are adopted: the replacement gilt is restricted to be fed after freely feeding until the weight is 50kg, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-;
the temperature of the pigsty is maintained to be about 22 ℃ through a central air conditioner; selecting 4 points in the pigsty, and measuring CO with height of 0.6m by INNOVA monitor2Concentration and NH3Concentration, the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 2500-3The concentration of ammonia gas is 0.4-0.8mg/m3。
Example 3
The embodiment provides a breeding promotion prevention and control method for replacement sows, which comprises the following steps:
feeding the replacement gilt special feed of the preparation example 3;
the following breeding modes are adopted: the replacement gilt is fed freely until the weight of the replacement gilt is 70kg, restricted feeding is carried out, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-;
the temperature of the pigsty is maintained to be about 26 ℃ through a central air conditioner and a humidifier; selecting 4 points in the pigsty, and measuring CO with height of 0.6m by INNOVA monitor2Concentration and NH3Concentration, the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 2500-3The concentration of ammonia gas is 0.4-0.8mg/m3。
Examples 4 to 10
This example provides seven methods for promoting reproduction and controlling of replacement gilts, which are different from example 1 only in that the replacement of the replacement gilt special feed of preparation example 1 with the replacement of the replacement gilt special feed of preparation examples 4 to 10 in sequence, and the other operations are kept unchanged.
Comparative examples 1 to 2
The comparative example provides two replacement gilt breeding promotion and control methods, which are different from the replacement gilt special feed of the preparation example 1 by replacement of replacement gilt special feed of the comparative preparation examples 1-2 in sequence, and other operations are kept unchanged.
Example 11
This example provides a method for controlling the growth promotion of replacement sows, which is different from example 1 only in that the following feeding mode is adopted: the replacement gilts feed freely until mating. The other operations remain unchanged.
Example 12
This example provides a method for controlling the growth of replacement sows, which is different from example 1 only in maintaining the pigsty temperature at about 18 ℃. The other operations remain unchanged.
Example 13
This example provides a method for controlling the growth of replacement sows, which is different from example 1 only in maintaining the pigsty temperature at about 30 ℃. The other operations remain unchanged.
Example 14
This example provides a method for controlling the reproduction promotion of replacement sows, which is different from example 1 only in controlling the concentration of carbon dioxide in the pigsty to be 3300-3The concentration of ammonia gas is 1.0-1.5mg/m3. The other operations remain unchanged.
Test example 1
153 initial weights of (57.30 + -6.12) and (136 + -12) day-old binary sows were selected and randomly divided into 17 groups of three replicates each, 3 pigs were replicated, the feeding methods described in examples 1-14 and comparative examples 1-2 were used for 1-16 groups, respectively, and the conventional feeding method was used for the control group: feeding common pig feed (the manufacturer is proud agro biotechnology limited, Guangzhou); the following breeding modes are adopted: the replacement gilts are fed freely; the temperature of the pigsty is about 28 ℃; the carbon dioxide concentration and ammonia concentration in the piggery were not controlled, and the test period was 4 months.
Recording the initial heat day age, the oestrus rate, the conception rate, the litter size and the survival rate of piglets of replacement gilts, and calculating an average value, wherein the oestrus rate is the ratio of the number of the heat replacement gilts to the total number of sows within 240 days of age, and the conception rate is the ratio of the number of pregnant sows to the number of sows after oestrus; the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003342781520000121
Figure BDA0003342781520000131
From the results of the data in table 1, it can be seen that: compared with a comparative example and a control group, the replacement gilt breeding promotion prevention and control method can effectively improve the reproductive capacity of the replacement gilts, and overcomes the problems of late start of the replacement gilts in the initial period, low conception rate, low litter size, low embryo survival rate and the like. And the formula of the feed, the adjustment of the feeding mode, the adjustment of the environmental temperature and the adverse gas can obviously influence the improvement degree of the fertility of the feed.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to describe a backup sow breeding promotion control method of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented by the above examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Claims (10)

1. A reserve sow breeding promotion prevention and control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
feeding replacement gilts with special feed: the special feed for the replacement gilt comprises dietary fiber, fat, base stock and additives;
the following breeding modes are adopted: after the replacement gilt is fed freely until the weight is 50-70kg, restricted feeding is carried out, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-;
the temperature of the pigsty is controlled to be 18-26 ℃, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 1500-3The concentration of ammonia gas is 2.0-10.0mg/m3。
2. The method for promoting reproduction and controlling growth of replacement gilts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additives comprise calcium supplements, vitamin premixes, trace element premixes, fish meal, salt;
preferably, the feed special for replacement gilts comprises, by weight, 15-30 parts of dietary fibers, 5-15 parts of fat, 40-80 parts of base stock, 1-5 parts of calcium supplements, 0.5-1 part of vitamin premix, 0.5-1 part of trace element premix, 1-5 parts of fish meal and 0.3-0.8 part of salt;
preferably, the base material comprises corn and/or soybean meal;
preferably, the base material comprises 30-50 parts of corn and 10-30 parts of soybean meal by weight.
3. The backup sow breeding promotion and control method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the dietary fiber comprises any one or combination of at least two of defatted rice bran, oat bran, konjac flour, beet pulp or pea skin; preferably a combination of defatted rice bran, oat bran and konjac flour.
4. The method for controlling reproductive promotion of a backup sow as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein said fat comprises any one or a combination of at least two of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil, fish oil or phospholipid oil; a combination of linseed oil, perilla oil, safflower oil and fish oil is preferred.
5. The replacement gilt propagation promotion and control method of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the calcium supplement comprises any one or a combination of at least two of calcium carbonate, monocalcium phosphate or calcium citrate;
preferably, the calcium supplement comprises a combination of calcium carbonate, monocalcium phosphate and calcium citrate;
preferably, the calcium supplement comprises a combination of 10-20 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 30-50 parts by weight of monocalcium phosphate and 10-30 parts by weight of calcium citrate.
6. The replacement gilt propagation promoting and controlling method according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein the vitamin premix comprises any one of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin, choline, betaine, riboflavin, folic acid or nicotinic acid or a combination of at least two thereof.
7. The replacement gilt breeding promotion and control method according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the microelement premix comprises any one of I, Fe, Mn, Se or Zn or a combination of at least two of the foregoing.
8. A replacement gilt propagation promotion and control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the pigsty temperature is controlled to be 22 to 26 ℃.
9. The method for promoting reproduction and controlling of replacement gilt as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide in pigsty is controlled to 2000-2500mg/m3；
Preferably, the concentration of the ammonia gas in the pigsty is controlled to be 4-8mg/m3。
10. The replacement gilt propagation promotion and control method of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the feeding mode is: the replacement gilt is restricted to be fed after freely feeding until the weight is 60kg, the weight gain is controlled to be 600-800g/d, and the free feeding is recovered 2 weeks before hybridization.
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