CN113973643A - Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil - Google Patents
Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113973643A CN113973643A CN202111246351.7A CN202111246351A CN113973643A CN 113973643 A CN113973643 A CN 113973643A CN 202111246351 A CN202111246351 A CN 202111246351A CN 113973643 A CN113973643 A CN 113973643A
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating morchella by burning soil, belonging to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation and comprising the following steps of (1) selecting a land block suitable for growth of morchella, taking soil, and moving the soil to an open place for insolation. (2) And adding waste wood into the exposed soil for incineration. (3) After the soil is cooled, the soil is put into a cultivation basket, and the seeding is carried out after watering. (4) And transferring the cultivation basket to a greenhouse for daily management. (5) And removing and treating the soil after harvesting the sporocarps. The invention aims to solve the problems of unstable yield and damage by diseases and insect pests in the conventional morchella cultivation process, can improve the morchella yield to a higher degree and reduce the application amount of pesticides in the morchella cultivation process, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating morchella by burning soil.
Background
With the constant price of morchella esculenta, wild resources are gradually deficient, and the large-scale cultivation of morchella esculenta is very urgent for the sustainable development of the industry. Although the cultivation of morchella esculenta has been advanced in recent years, the stability of yield and the damage of diseases and insect pests have been restricting the development of morchella esculenta industry.
A plurality of reports show that wild morchella occurs in a large amount in the first year after forest fire, the phenomenon gradually disappears in the subsequent 2-3 years, the species which like to be distributed in the burn area are called burn area species, and meanwhile, the wild morchella sporocarp is robust and has less pest and disease damage. The domesticated and cultivated morchella such as morchella ladder, morchella hexameina and morchella esculenta belong to burned land species. Therefore, it is very necessary to solve the problems of unstable yield and serious diseases and insect pests in the cultivation process of morchella by using fire interference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of unstable yield and damage by diseases and insect pests in the conventional morchella cultivation process, and provides a method for cultivating morchella by burning soil.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a method for culturing morchella on fire soil comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a land suitable for growth of morchella, taking soil, and moving the soil to an open place for insolation;
step 2, adding waste wood into the exposed soil for incineration;
step 3, after the soil is cooled, putting the soil into a cultivation basket, watering and sowing;
step 4, transferring the cultivation basket to a greenhouse for daily management;
and 5, removing and treating the soil after the fruit bodies are harvested.
Further, the step 1 specifically comprises: selecting a plot with loose soil and high sand content for soil taking, paving the soil in the open air with the paving thickness of 10-15 cm, and exposing the soil until the water content of the soil is lower than 20%. Further, step 2 specifically comprises: selecting broadleaf tree waste wood to burn on the soil surface, wherein the weight ratio of the waste wood to the soil is 1: 20, uniformly mixing wood ash into the soil after complete incineration. Further, step 3 specifically comprises: selecting a cultivation basket with hollowed peripheries, filling a layer of sunshade net on the peripheries of the cultivation basket, filling cooled soil into the cultivation basket, watering until the water content reaches 70-80%, uniformly broadcasting morchella cultivation strains into the cultivation basket according to the seed amount of 450 bottles/667 m2, immediately covering soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm, and then covering black mulching films on surface soil. Further, step 4 specifically comprises: the daily management means that after bacterial cream is generated, the black mulching film is removed in time, a nutrition bag is placed, proper ventilation is realized, the moderate degree is kept, and the formation of morchella primordia and fruiting are promoted. Further, step 5 specifically comprises: harvesting the mature fruiting bodies in time, pouring the soil of the cultivation basket back to the soil taking place after fruiting, and normally planting the next crop.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is a major breakthrough of the artificial cultivation technology of the morchella esculenta, not only effectively controls the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests in the growth process of the morchella esculenta, saves the management cost, obtains a healthy and safe morchella esculenta product, but also greatly improves the cultivation yield of the morchella esculenta, and is a new technology with great development prospect.
In the technical scheme of the invention, aiming at the defects of unstable yield, serious pest and disease damage and the like in the cultivation process of the morchella in practice, the method for cultivating the morchella by burning soil is provided, and comprises the following steps of carrying out fire interference treatment on cultivation soil; the invention finds that the fire interference treatment of the soil is beneficial to reducing the competition of pathogenic bacteria, ova and other microorganisms in the soil, provides nutrients and is beneficial to the healthy growth of morchella mycelium and fruiting bodies, thereby reducing the management and protection cost, improving the yield and quality of morchella and increasing the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical spirit and the advantages of the present invention, the applicant below describes in detail by way of example, but the description of the example is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, and any equivalent changes made according to the present inventive concept, which are merely in form and not in material, should be considered as the technical scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
(1) selecting a plot with loose soil and high sand content for soil taking, paving the soil in the open air, wherein the paving thickness is 10-15 cm, and exposing the soil to the sun until the water content of the soil is lower than 20%;
(2) selecting broadleaf tree waste wood to burn on the soil surface, wherein the weight ratio of the waste wood to the soil is 1: 20, uniformly mixing wood ash into soil after complete incineration;
(3) selecting a cultivation basket with hollowed peripheries, filling a layer of sunshade net on the peripheries of the cultivation basket, filling cooled soil into the cultivation basket, watering until the water content reaches 70-80%, uniformly broadcasting morchella cultivation strains into the cultivation basket according to the seed quantity of 450 bottles/667 m2, immediately covering soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm, and then covering a black mulching film on the surface soil;
(4) transferring the cultivation basket to a greenhouse, removing the black mulching film in time after bacterial frost is generated, placing a nutrition bag, properly ventilating, keeping proper degree, and promoting the formation of morchella primordia and fruiting;
(5) harvesting the mature fruiting bodies in time, pouring the soil of the cultivation basket back to the soil taking place after fruiting, and normally planting the next crop.
Adopt the above mode at 100m2The morchella is cultivated to obtain 32kg of morchella fresh mushrooms, and the proportion of high-quality mushrooms is more than 95%.
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that the weight ratio of the waste wood and the soil in the step (2) is 1: 10, obtaining 32kg of morchella fresh mushroom, wherein the proportion of high-quality mushroom is more than 95%.
Example 3:
the difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 1 is that the weight ratio of the waste wood and the soil in the step (2) is 1: 30, obtaining 27kg of morchella fresh mushroom, wherein the proportion of high-quality mushroom is more than 90%.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 1 is that the weight ratio of the waste wood and the soil in the step (2) is 1: 40, obtaining 24kg of morchella fresh mushroom, wherein the proportion of high-quality mushroom is more than 90%.
Claims (6)
1. A method for cultivating morchella on fire soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a land suitable for growth of morchella, taking soil, and moving the soil to an open place for insolation;
(2) adding waste wood into the exposed soil for incineration;
(3) after the soil is cooled, putting the soil into a cultivation basket, watering and sowing;
(4) transferring the cultivation basket to a greenhouse for daily management;
(5) and removing and treating the soil after harvesting the sporocarps.
2. The method for cultivating morchella esculenta by using fire soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), a land with loose soil and high sand content is selected for soil taking, the soil is laid in the open air, the laying thickness is 10-15 cm, and the soil is exposed until the water content of the soil is lower than 20%.
3. The method for cultivating morchella esculenta by using fire soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), broadleaf tree waste wood is selected and incinerated on the soil surface, and the weight ratio of the waste wood to the soil is 1: 20, uniformly mixing wood ash into the soil after complete incineration.
4. The method for cultivating Morchella esculenta by burning with fire, according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), a cultivation basket with hollow periphery is selected, a layer of sunshade net is arranged around the cultivation basket, cooled soil is filled into the cultivation basket, and then the cultivation basket is watered until the water content reaches 70-80%, and the amount of the cooled soil is 450 bottles/667 m2Uniformly scattering the toadstool culture strains into a culture basket by using the seed quantity, immediately covering soil with the thickness of 2-3 cm, and then covering a black mulching film on the surface soil.
5. The method for culturing morchella on fire soil according to claim 1, wherein the daily management in the step (4) is to remove the black mulching film and place a nutrition bag in time after bacterial frost is generated, properly ventilate and keep proper, and promote the formation of morchella primordium and fruiting.
6. The method for cultivating morchella on fire soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), fruiting bodies are harvested in time after being mature, soil of the cultivation basket is poured back to the soil place after fruiting, and crops of the next season are normally planted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111246351.7A CN113973643A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111246351.7A CN113973643A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil |
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| CN202111246351.7A Pending CN113973643A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Method for cultivating morchella by burning soil |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034750A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-10-26 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for cultivating clitocybe maxima through hypsizygus marmoreus mushroom residues |
| CN107231943A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-10 | 王逸帆 | A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore pest and disease damage preventing control method |
| CN107996285A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 云南露源野生真菌研究所（有限合伙） | A kind of method of Huashan pine seed seedling-raising inoculation India truffle |
| CN108718904A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-02 | 贵州省凤冈县稀源食用菌种植有限公司 | Hickory chick cultural method |
| CN110122170A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
| CN111448941A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for planting morchella without placing nutrition bag |
| CN111527985A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | Basket-type soil-shifting morchella cultivation method |
-
2021
- 2021-10-26 CN CN202111246351.7A patent/CN113973643A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106034750A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-10-26 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for cultivating clitocybe maxima through hypsizygus marmoreus mushroom residues |
| CN107231943A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-10 | 王逸帆 | A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore pest and disease damage preventing control method |
| CN107996285A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 云南露源野生真菌研究所（有限合伙） | A kind of method of Huashan pine seed seedling-raising inoculation India truffle |
| CN108718904A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-02 | 贵州省凤冈县稀源食用菌种植有限公司 | Hickory chick cultural method |
| CN110122170A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
| CN111448941A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for planting morchella without placing nutrition bag |
| CN111527985A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-14 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | Basket-type soil-shifting morchella cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 陈锡桓: "六妹羊肚菌栽培基质筛选", 《福建林业科技》 * |
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