CN113597954A - Sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method - Google Patents
Sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113597954A CN113597954A CN202110906230.4A CN202110906230A CN113597954A CN 113597954 A CN113597954 A CN 113597954A CN 202110906230 A CN202110906230 A CN 202110906230A CN 113597954 A CN113597954 A CN 113597954A
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- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001101522 Chiococca Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218218 Ficus <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025361 Ficus carica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008730 Ficus carica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218231 Moraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282341 Mustela putorius furo Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005314 unsaturated fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of planting and cultivation, and provides a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, and then planting figs to form seedlings; B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings; C. fixing branches, and performing pinching, capping and picking in a preset period; D. cutting off all branches from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, carrying out sprouting again, reserving a plurality of branches when sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, removing the rest branches, and starting to cultivate robust bearing branches; E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period. Therefore, the method is convenient for planting and can effectively ensure the quality and the yield of the fig.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting and cultivation, in particular to a stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method for figs in a sunlight greenhouse.
Background
Fig, also known as honey fruit, fig, eyesight improving fruit, ficus carica, milk berry, ancient ferret, belonging to deciduous trees or shrubs of ficus of the family moraceae. The fig contains rich nutrients, and the edible part is over 90%. The water content is about 85%, the crude fiber content is 1.9%, the sugar content is 15-20%, and fructose and glucose are mainly contained; contains protein 3.0-4.1%, which contains 18 kinds of amino acids including 8 kinds of essential amino acids; 68 percent of the contained fat is unsaturated fatty acid and a small amount of linoleic acid which is necessary for human body; contains various macroelements and microelements, a large amount of vitamin A, C and various organic acids. Also has high medicinal value. In recent years, vegetable production areas north of Yangtze river in China are subject to rapid industrial development, and the quantity of vegetables on the market is increased sharply, so that the income of vegetable growers fluctuates greatly and declines year by year. Under the situation, part of agricultural people and vegetable growers turn the attention to the fig industry, utilize a sunlight greenhouse to produce figs, and control the whole winter to produce fruits. In the production practice of the out-of-season cultivation, the fig branches need to grow continuously, and how to control and manage the branch production becomes an important factor influencing the quality and yield of the figs.
In view of the above, the prior art is obviously inconvenient and disadvantageous in practical use, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which can effectively improve the quality and yield of figs while improving the management quality.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, and then planting the figs to form seedlings, wherein the seedlings have an inclination angle during planting;
B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings, planting one seedling every 1-3 square meters, and carrying out branch fixing on the seedlings when the seedlings grow to a specific period;
C. in the branch fixing process, balanced and robust branches are selected and reserved from a plurality of buds as bearing branches, after the bearing branches grow to a height of 10-20 cm, flower promoting treatment is carried out, meanwhile, in the growing process, the plant is controlled to grow excessively, the internode distance is 5-8 cm, and core picking, top sealing and picking are carried out in a preset period;
D. c, after the branch fixing is finished in the step C, stumping, pruning and trimming are carried out, all branches are cut off from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, sprouting is carried out again, when sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, a plurality of branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, and strong bearing branches are cultured;
E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period.
According to the sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, in the step A, the inclination angle is 45 degrees, and the branches with the trunk length being more than 50cm are mainly adopted for fig seedling formation.
According to the sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, 6-8 buds are reserved on the trunk planted in the step B, one plant is planted in each 2 square meters, and 330 plants are planted per mu.
According to the sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, in the step B, the growth height of fruit branches is 15cm, and the flower promoting treatment comprises physical flower promoting and chemical flower promoting.
According to the sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, in the step C, when stumping and trimming are carried out, the distance between branches and the ground surface is 1cm, and 6-8 branches are reserved when sprouts grow to 5 cm.
According to the pruning high-yield cultivation method for the figs in the sunlight greenhouse, the soil wall sunlight greenhouse in the step A is a greenhouse with or without upright posts, and soil in the greenhouse is improved and finished.
According to the sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, the pinching and capping time in the step C is 3-4 months.
According to the sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, the branch fixing mode in the step B adopts a steel wire or nylon wire branch hanging fixing mode.
The invention provides a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, and then planting the figs to form seedlings, wherein the seedlings have an inclination angle during planting;
B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings, planting one seedling every 1-3 square meters, and carrying out branch fixing on the seedlings when the seedlings grow to a specific period;
C. in the branch fixing process, balanced and robust branches are selected and reserved from a plurality of buds as bearing branches, after the bearing branches grow to a height of 10-20 cm, flower promoting treatment is carried out, meanwhile, in the growing process, the plant is controlled to grow excessively, the internode distance is 5-8 cm, and core picking, top sealing and picking are carried out in a preset period;
D. c, after the branch fixing is finished in the step C, stumping, pruning and trimming are carried out, all branches are cut off from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, sprouting is carried out again, when sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, a plurality of branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, and strong bearing branches are cultured;
E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cultivation method uses ground-attached stumping regeneration new branches (adapting to the characteristic that the figs can grow infinitely due to non-dormancy), multiple branches are trimmed and shaped, the branches are controlled to grow between 1.7m and 2m, the cultivation method is very favorable for planting management, the branch type dispersion can effectively transmit sunlight, each fig can be ensured to be irradiated by the sunlight and be colored, and the quality of the figs is effectively improved. Meanwhile, fruit bearing is carried out in a multi-branch type, so that the acre yield of the fig is guaranteed to be more than 4000 kg.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with the aim of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages thereof more apparent, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, and then planting the figs to form seedlings, wherein the seedlings have an inclination angle during planting;
B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings, planting one seedling every 1-3 square meters, and carrying out branch fixing on the seedlings when the seedlings grow to a specific period;
C. in the branch fixing process, balanced and robust branches are selected and reserved from a plurality of buds as bearing branches, after the bearing branches grow to a height of 10-20 cm, flower promoting treatment is carried out, meanwhile, in the growing process, the plant is controlled to grow excessively, the internode distance is 5-8 cm, and core picking, top sealing and picking are carried out in a preset period;
D. c, after the branch fixing is finished in the step C, stumping, pruning and trimming are carried out, all branches are cut off from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, sprouting is carried out again, when sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, a plurality of branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, and strong bearing branches are cultured;
E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period.
Preferably, in the step A, the inclination angle is 45 degrees, the branches with the trunk length of more than 50cm are mainly adopted for the fig seedling, so that the survival rate of the fig seedling can be ensured, and the effective space in the subsequent growth process can be increased.
In addition, 6-8 buds are reserved on the trunk planted in the step B, and one plant is planted every 2 square meters, and 330 plants are planted per mu, so that the subsequent result rate and result quality are guaranteed.
Furthermore, in the step B, the growth height of the fruit branches is 15cm, and the flower promoting treatment comprises physical flower promoting and chemical flower promoting, so that the flower promoting efficiency and the flower promoting quality can be effectively improved, and the subsequent fruiting rate is improved.
Preferably, in the step C of the method, when stumping and trimming are carried out, the distance between branches and the ground surface is 1cm, 6-8 branches are reserved when sprouts grow to 5cm, so that the characteristic that the figs cannot be dormant and can grow indefinitely is adapted, and the subsequent growth quality is improved.
In the implementation process of the invention:
the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, then planting figs, and forming seedlings, wherein the soil wall sunlight greenhouse has an inclination angle during planting, and is a shed with or without upright columns, and the soil in the shed is improved and tidied;
B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings, planting one seedling every 1-3 square meters, and carrying out branch fixing on the seedlings when the seedlings grow to a specific period, wherein the branch fixing mode adopts a steel wire or nylon wire branch hanging fixing mode;
C. in the branch fixing process, balanced and robust branches are selected and reserved from a plurality of buds as bearing branches, flower promoting treatment is carried out after the bearing branches grow to the height of 10-20 cm, meanwhile, in the growing process, plant overgrowth is controlled, the internode distance is 5-8 cm, pinching, capping and picking are carried out in a preset period, and the pinching and capping time is 3-4 months;
D. c, after the branch fixing is finished in the step C, stumping, pruning and trimming are carried out, all branches are cut off from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, sprouting is carried out again, when the sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, a plurality of branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, robust bearing branches are cultivated, according to the characteristic that figs can grow for a long time and leaves do not need to fall to be dormant, after the fruit at the bottom of June is picked, all branches are cut off from the position one cm above the ground surface, and sprouting is carried out again. When the sprouts grow to about 5cm, six to eight branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, the strong bearing branches are cultivated, after the bearing branches grow to 60cm, the steel wires and the nylon wires need to be hung and fixed, and lodging is prevented. The fruit can be harvested after four months (in autumn and winter). The whole harvest period can reach 7-8 months, the multi-branch fruit branches also ensure that each plant has 30-40 fruits, the average weight of single fruit is 80-120 g, and the yield per mu is more than 4000 kg. Higher income can be obtained when the Chinese medicinal herb is listed in winter;
E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period.
In conclusion, the invention provides a sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, and then planting the figs to form seedlings, wherein the seedlings have an inclination angle during planting;
B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings, planting one seedling every 1-3 square meters, and carrying out branch fixing on the seedlings when the seedlings grow to a specific period;
C. in the branch fixing process, balanced and robust branches are selected and reserved from a plurality of buds as bearing branches, after the bearing branches grow to a height of 10-20 cm, flower promoting treatment is carried out, meanwhile, in the growing process, the plant is controlled to grow excessively, the internode distance is 5-8 cm, and core picking, top sealing and picking are carried out in a preset period;
D. c, after the branch fixing is finished in the step C, stumping, pruning and trimming are carried out, all branches are cut off from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, sprouting is carried out again, when sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, a plurality of branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, and strong bearing branches are cultured;
E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cultivation method uses ground-attached stumping regeneration new branches (adapting to the characteristic that the figs can grow infinitely due to non-dormancy), multiple branches are trimmed and shaped, the branches are controlled to grow between 1.7m and 2m, the cultivation method is very favorable for planting management, the branch type dispersion can effectively transmit sunlight, each fig can be ensured to be irradiated by the sunlight and be colored, and the quality of the figs is effectively improved. Meanwhile, fruit bearing is carried out in a multi-branch type, so that the acre yield of the fig is guaranteed to be more than 4000 kg.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. selecting proper soil in a soil wall sunlight greenhouse for vegetable planting in the north, and then planting the figs to form seedlings, wherein the seedlings have an inclination angle during planting;
B. carrying out bud reserving, soil burying and watering treatment on the planted seedlings, planting one seedling every 1-3 square meters, and carrying out branch fixing on the seedlings when the seedlings grow to a specific period;
C. in the branch fixing process, balanced and robust branches are selected and reserved from a plurality of buds as bearing branches, after the bearing branches grow to a height of 10-20 cm, flower promoting treatment is carried out, meanwhile, in the growing process, the plant is controlled to grow excessively, the internode distance is 5-8 cm, and core picking, top sealing and picking are carried out in a preset period;
D. c, after the branch fixing is finished in the step C, stumping, pruning and trimming are carried out, all branches are cut off from the position 0.5-1.5 cm above the ground surface, sprouting is carried out again, when sprouts grow for 2-7 cm, a plurality of branches are reserved, the rest branches are removed, and strong bearing branches are cultured;
E. and after the bearing branches grow to 50-70 cm, the bearing branches need to be hung and fixed to prevent lodging, and the fruits can be continuously harvested after a preset period.
2. The sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step A, the inclination angle is 45 degrees, and branches with trunk over 50cm are mainly adopted for fig seedling formation.
3. The sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein 6-8 buds are reserved on the trunk planted in the step B, and one plant is planted per 2 square meters, and 330 plants are planted per mu.
4. The sunlight greenhouse fig stumping, pruning and high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the growth height of fruit branches is 15cm, and the flower promoting treatment comprises physical flower promoting and chemical flower promoting.
5. The sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, when stumping and trimming are performed, the distance between branches and the ground surface is 1cm, and 6-8 branches are reserved when sprouts grow to 5 cm.
6. A sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil wall sunlight greenhouse in the step A is a greenhouse with columns or a greenhouse without columns, and soil in the greenhouse is improved and finished.
7. The sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the pinching and capping time in the step C is 3-4 months.
8. The sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the fixing manner of the branches in the step B is a fixing manner of hanging the branches by steel wires or nylon wires.
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| CN202110906230.4A CN113597954A (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Sunlight greenhouse fig stumping and pruning high-yield cultivation method |
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| CN113597954A true CN113597954A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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| JP2012125213A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2012-07-05 | Osaka Prefecture | Method for producing fig fruit |
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2021
- 2021-08-09 CN CN202110906230.4A patent/CN113597954A/en active Pending
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| Title |
|---|
| 建德峰等, 中国农业科技出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20211105 |