CN113518771A - 向含有仲胺的化合物的胺部分导入氘代低级烷基的方法 - Google Patents

向含有仲胺的化合物的胺部分导入氘代低级烷基的方法 Download PDF

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CN113518771A
CN113518771A CN202080018369.9A CN202080018369A CN113518771A CN 113518771 A CN113518771 A CN 113518771A CN 202080018369 A CN202080018369 A CN 202080018369A CN 113518771 A CN113518771 A CN 113518771A
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deuterated
methyl
amine
lower alkyl
ethyl
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三宅将仁
林真志
中井雄野
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Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及对含有被芳烷基保护的胺的化合物的胺部分进行单氘代低级烷基化的方法，其包括如下步骤：在中性或碱性条件下，利用氘代低级烷基化剂向该胺中导入单氘代低级烷基，接着使芳烷基脱保护。

Description

向含有仲胺的化合物的胺部分导入氘代低级烷基的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及向含有仲胺的化合物的胺部分导入氘代低级烷基的方法。更具体而言，涉及在中性或碱性条件下对被芳烷基保护的链状或环状胺进行氘代低级烷基化的方法。
背景技术
药品通常被肝脏中的酶代谢而失去效果，因此，可以期待改善此处的代谢稳定性来带来安全性、有效性、容忍性和便利性这样的治疗上的优点。
结构因代谢而转变的位点根据药品的化学结构而有所不同，但N-甲基是主要的代谢位点之一。已知化学结构中具有N-甲基的药品由于代谢而被N-脱甲基化，其效果可能失活。因此，通过将N-甲基的氢取代为氘来改变其甲基部分的性质，可以期待使N-脱甲基化延迟而改善代谢稳定性，进而期待带来上述的治疗上的优点，因此正在进行各种努力(专利文献1、非专利文献1和2)。
作为将氢取代为氘的方法，公开了使用4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3向哌嗪衍生物导入氘代甲基的方法(专利文献2)。但是，该导入方法中存在如下问题：会生成N,N-二甲基体作为副产物，但无法抑制N,N-二甲基化，因此收率降低。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：WO 2008/137474
专利文献2：WO 2017/088784
非专利文献
非专利文献1：ARKIVOC,(iii)182-193(2008)
非专利文献2：J Label Compd Radiopharm,45,1153(2002)
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
期望具有通用性且能够以高收率进行制造的方法，其能够在抑制副产物的生成的情况下向链状或环状的仲胺中导入单氘代低级烷基。
用于解决问题的方法
本发明人反复进行了各种研究，结果发现，将仲胺上的氢原子用苄基这样的芳烷基取代，将得到的链状或环状胺衍生物在中性或碱性条件下利用氘代低级烷基化剂进行氘代低级烷基化，接着使芳烷基脱离，由此，可以在不生成进行了二氘代低级烷基化的副产物的情况下以高收率得到作为目标的N-单氘代低级烷基化合物，从而完成了本发明。
本发明包括下述方式的发明。
[项1]
一种向胺中导入单氘代低级烷基的方法，其中，在含有仲胺的化合物中，将该胺上的氢原子用芳烷基取代，在中性或碱性条件下，利用氘代低级烷基化剂向该胺中导入氘代低级烷基，接着使芳烷基脱离，由此向该胺中导入单氘代低级烷基。
[项2]
如项1所述的方法，其中，仲胺不构成哌啶环。
[项3]
如项1或2所述的方法，其中，氘代低级烷基为氘代甲基或氘代乙基，氘代低级烷基化剂为氘代甲基化剂或氘代乙基化剂。
[项4]
如项1～3中任一项所述的方法，其中，氘代低级烷基为氘代甲基，氘代低级烷基化剂为甲磺酸甲酯-d3、苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、2-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、硫酸二甲酯-d6、碳酸二甲酯-d6、三氟甲磺酸甲酯-d3、溴甲烷-d3或碘甲烷-d3。
[项5]
如项1～3中任一项所述的方法，其中，氘代低级烷基为氘代乙基，氘代低级烷基化剂为甲磺酸乙酯-d5、苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-甲基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、2-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、硫酸二乙酯-d10、碳酸二乙酯-d10、三氟甲磺酸乙酯-d5、溴乙烷-d5或碘乙烷-d5。
[项6]
如项1～5中任一项所述的方法，其中，芳烷基为苄基衍生物。
[项7]
如项6所述的方法，其中，苄基衍生物为苄基或4-甲氧基苄基。
[项8]
如项6或7所述的方法，其中，芳烷基的脱离通过氢化来进行。
[项9]
如项1～8中任一项所述的方法，其中，碱性条件下为利用碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、氢化钠、氢化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、烷基锂(例如，正丁基锂、仲丁基锂、叔丁基锂、正己基锂)、氨基锂(例如，二异丙基氨基锂、六甲基二硅基胺基锂)、甲醇钠或叔胺(例如，三甲胺、三乙胺、三异丙胺、二异丙基乙胺)形成的碱性条件。
[项10]
如项1～9中任一项所述的方法，其中，含有仲胺的化合物选自哌嗪衍生物、吡咯烷衍生物、氮杂环庚烷衍生物、二氮杂环庚烷衍生物、链状胺。
发明效果
根据本发明，在向仲胺中导入氘代低级烷基时，将该胺上的氢原子暂时用芳烷基取代，将该胺利用氘代低级烷基化剂进行氘代低级烷基化，接着使芳烷基脱保护，由此，能够在不生成进行了二氘代低级烷基化的副产物的情况下高效地进行单氘代低级烷基化。
根据本发明，通过抑制N,N-二氘代低级烷基体等副产物的产生，不仅能够使以昂贵的d3-甲基化剂、d5-乙基化剂作为基准的目标物的收率最大化，而且能够使未反应的胺的残存最小化，因此能够抑制工业生产成本。另外，在此可以使用的作为d3-甲基化剂的甲磺酸甲酯-d3、苯磺酸甲酯-d3可以由可作为氘源通用的高纯度的氘代甲醇(CD3OD、甲醇-d4)来制备，因此，能够期待进一步的成本削减等效果。另外，作为这些具有磺酸酯的氘代甲基化剂的原料的氘代甲醇没有像CD3I这样的致突变性，因此，在包括输送等在内的处理方面安全性也高。
具体实施方式
以下对本说明书中使用的词语和术语进行详细说明。
本发明中，保护仲胺的“芳烷基”是指烷基的一个氢原子被芳基取代的烷基，具体可以列举苄基衍生物，更具体可以列举苄基、4-硝基苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、2-硝基苄基、4-氯苄基、2,6-二氯苄基、4-甲基苄基、2,4,6-三甲基苄基。优选为苄基或4-甲氧基苄基。
将这些芳烷基导入仲胺中的方法可以列举例如T.W.Greene and P.G.M.Wuts,“Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”,第四版,Wiley,New York 2006年中记载的方法或基于此的方法。例如，可以列举：在碱存在下使卤代苄基作用的方法或在形成与苯甲醛类的亚胺后使还原剂(例如，硼氢化钠、氰基硼氢化钠、三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠)作用的还原氨基化方法。
关于使芳烷基脱离(脱保护)的方法，通过T.W.Greene and P.G.M.Wuts,“Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis”,第四版,Wiley,New York 2006年中记载的方法或基于此的方法进行即可，具体而言，如果为苄基、对甲氧基苄基，则可以通过例如以钯作为催化剂的氢化、DDQ或CAN等的温和氧化条件来进行脱保护。
本发明中，“氘代低级烷基”是指将低级烷基的一个以上氢取代为氘的烷基，例如，低级烷基可以列举甲基或乙基，优选为甲基。另外，甲基或乙基中，优选全部氢被取代为氘的氘代低级烷基，具体而言，可以列举甲基-d3、乙基-d5。需要说明的是，本发明中，氘表示为d、D、2H，例如，将3个氢原子全部被取代为氘原子的甲基表示为甲基-d3、d3-甲基、氘代甲基、CD3、[2H3]甲基等。
本发明中，“氘代低级烷基化剂”是指氘代低级烷基上结合有适当的离去基团的物质，关于氘代低级烷基，可以列举上述所定义的基团，关于离去基团，优选卤素(例如碘、溴)、磺酸酯(例如甲磺酸酯、苯磺酸酯、4-甲基苯磺酸酯、2-硝基苯磺酸酯、4-硝基苯磺酸酯、三氟甲磺酸酯)，另外还优选作为可结合2个烷基的二价离去基团的硫酸酯、碳酸酯。作为具体的氘代低级烷基化剂，可以列举甲磺酸甲酯-d3、苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、2-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、硫酸二甲酯-d6、碳酸二甲酯-d6、三氟甲磺酸甲酯-d3、溴甲烷-d3、碘甲烷-d3、甲磺酸乙酯-d5、苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-甲基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、2-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、硫酸二乙酯-d10、碳酸二乙酯-d10、三氟甲磺酸乙酯-d5、溴乙烷-d5、碘乙烷-d5等，优选甲磺酸甲酯-d3、苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-甲基磺酸甲酯-d3、2-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、甲磺酸乙酯-d5、苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-甲基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、2-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5。
“氘代低级烷基化剂”中，包含磺酸酯的烷基化剂例如可以使用氘代甲醇或氘代乙醇通过常规方法来制备。具体而言，如下述的参考例所示，可以通过使磺酰氯试剂与氘代甲醇或氘代乙醇在碱性条件下反应来得到。
甲磺酸甲酯-d3可以通过美国专利公开2008/0194529号公报中记载的方法来制造，苯磺酸甲酯-d3可以通过Journal of Labelled Compounds andRadiopharmaceuticals,25,1267(1988)中记载的方法来制造，4-甲基磺酸甲酯-d3可以通过Journal of Organic Chemistry,81,7675(2016)中记载的方法来制造，4-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3可以通过Physical Organic Chemistry,11,1741(1991)中记载的方法来制造。
对仲胺的氘代低级烷基化通过使将该胺上的氢原子用芳烷基取代的胺衍生物在惰性溶剂中在中性或碱性条件下使该胺衍生物与氘代低级烷基化剂反应来实现。在此，“中性条件”是指在利用原料、试剂、溶剂等得到的pH下没有特别进行pH调节的状态或者加入在下述的碱性条件下使用的试剂而得到的接近中性的pH条件，作为具体的pH，是指6～8左右的范围，优选是指6.5～7.5。在此使用的“碱性条件”可以列举利用碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、氢化钠、氢化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、烷基锂(例如，正丁基锂、仲丁基锂、叔丁基锂、正己基锂)、氨基锂(例如，二异丙基氨基锂、六甲基二硅基胺基锂)、甲醇钠或叔胺(例如，三甲胺、三乙胺、三异丙胺、二异丙基乙胺)形成的碱性条件，优选为碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾，特别优选为碳酸氢钠。这些碱性化合物可以单独使用一种或者混合使用两种以上。碱性化合物的使用量相对于起始物质的化合物1摩尔通常为约1摩尔～约10摩尔，优选为约1摩尔～约6摩尔。
本发明的氘代低级烷基化反应中，可以在惰性溶剂中进行，作为惰性溶剂，根据反应条件适当选择，可以列举例如：水；二氧杂环己烷、四氢呋喃、乙醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、二乙二醇二甲基醚、乙二醇二甲基醚等醚系溶剂；苯、甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族烃系溶剂；甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等低级醇系溶剂；丙酮、甲乙酮等酮系溶剂；N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、六甲基磷酸三酰胺、乙腈等极性溶剂。这些惰性溶剂可以单独使用一种或者混合使用两种以上。
本发明的反应中，可以在常压下、在氮气、氩气等不活泼气体气氛下进行，另外也可以在加压下进行。上述反应通常在室温～200℃、优选室温～150℃的温度条件下进行，通常约1小时～约30小时结束。
作为本发明的含有仲胺的化合物，只要在结构中具有仲胺则没有特别限定，可以列举在结构中具有哌嗪、吡咯烷、氮杂环庚烷、二氮杂环庚烷、吗啉的化合物。另外，这些骨架不限定于单环系，也可以构成二环系、三环系、四环系的一部分。另外，可以为链状胺。作为可以导入氘代低级烷基的含有N-烷基哌嗪的具体的药品化合物，可以列举例如伊马替尼、吉列替尼、奈妥吡坦、玻玛西林、布南色林、伐地那非、马赛替尼、奥氮平、尼达尼布、左氧氟沙星、西地那非、伯舒替尼、布加替尼、米氮平。作为含有N-烷基吡咯烷的具体的药品化合物，可以列举阿托品、托烷司琼、依立曲坦、烟碱、非色林(Phenserine)、乌地那非、氨磺必利。作为含有N-烷基氮杂环庚烷的具体的药品化合物，可以列举氮卓斯汀。作为含有N-烷基-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷的具体的药品化合物，可以列举依美斯汀、CX-5461。作为含有N-烷基链状胺的具体的药品化合物，可以列举维拉帕米。
本发明包括能够用于制造可以导入氘代低级烷基的含有N-烷基胺的药品化合物的中间体。具体而言，利用通过本发明制造的单取代有氘代低级烷基的胺化合物，可以将该胺化合物通过各种合成方法与其他结构结合从而制造为导入了氘代低级烷基的药品化合物。作为此处的成为中间体的基本骨架的仲胺化合物结构，可以列举氮杂环丁烷、吡咯烷、哌啶、氮杂环庚烷、氮杂环辛烷、己内酰胺、哌嗪、哌嗪酮、吗啉、吲哚啉、异吲哚啉、二氢苯并咪唑、吲唑啉、二氢三唑并哒嗪、二氢喹啉、四氢喹啉、十氢喹啉、二氢异喹啉、四氢异喹啉、四氢萘啶、六氢萘啶、二氢喹喔啉、四氢喹喔啉、二氢喹唑啉、四氢喹唑啉、苯并氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000081
四氢苯并氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000082
四氢吡啶并吲哚、二氢菲啶、二氮杂螺庚烷、氮杂螺十一烷等。
本发明的制造方法中，可以使氘代低级烷基化剂与通过常规方法制造的含有被芳烷基取代的胺的化合物反应，暂时形成添加有氘代低级烷基的季胺，然后，不单离产物，使芳烷基脱保护，由此制造仲胺被目标氘代低级烷基单取代的目标化合物。
Figure BDA0003243280380000083
本发明中，起始物质、中间体和/或目标化合物可以为盐化合物，包含盐化合物的制造方法也包括在本发明中。作为盐化合物，有时也形成酸加成盐或根据取代基的种类而形成与碱的盐。作为该酸的例子，可以列举：盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸等无机酸；和甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、乙酸、草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、马来酸、富马酸、苹果酸、乳酸等有机酸等。作为该碱的例子，可以列举：氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾等无机碱；和甲胺、二乙胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、乙二胺、三(羟甲基)甲胺、二环己基胺、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、胍、吡啶、甲基吡啶、胆碱等有机碱；和铵盐等。另外，也可以与例如赖氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸等氨基酸形成盐。
本说明书中引用的全部专利文献和非专利文献的公开内容作为整体以参考的方式并入本说明书中。
实施例
通过以下的参考例和实施例进一步对本发明详细地进行说明，但这些例子并非限定本发明，另外，可以在不脱离本发明范围的范围内进行改变。
本说明书中，有时使用以下的缩写。
缩写 词语
Bn 苄基
AcOEt 乙酸乙酯
AcOH 乙酸
BBr<sub>3</sub> 三溴化硼
DCM 二氯甲烷
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
Et<sub>2</sub>O 乙醚
EtOH 乙醇
HCl 盐酸
IPA 2-丙醇
K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> 碳酸钾
KI 碘化钾
MeCN 乙腈
MeOH 甲醇
MTBE 甲基叔丁基醚
NaHCO<sub>3</sub> 碳酸氢钠
NaI 碘化钠
NaOH 氢氧化钠
NaOtBu 叔丁醇钠
NH<sub>4</sub>Cl 氯化铵
Pd/C 钯负载碳
Pd(OH)<sub>2</sub>/C 氢氧化钯负载碳
TEA 三乙胺
THF 四氢呋喃
1H-NMR(核磁共振氢谱)利用傅里叶变换型NMR(Bruker AVANCE NEO(400MHz)和Bruker AVANCE III HD(500MHz)中的任意一种)来测定。
参考例1～5.(9S,13S,14S)-3-(甲氧基-d3)-17-(甲基-d3)-吗啡烷的合成
Figure BDA0003243280380000101
使用表1所示的氘代甲基化剂来制造目标化合物。
表1
氘代甲基化剂 制造方法 收率 UPLC纯度
参考例1 甲磺酸甲酯-d<sub>3</sub> 1 98.2％ 87.1％
参考例2 苯磺酸甲酯-d<sub>3</sub> 1 92.6％ ＞98％
参考例3 4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d<sub>3</sub> 1 98.9％ ＞99.8％
参考例4 4-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d<sub>3</sub> 1 93.0％ ＞98％
参考例5 4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d<sub>3</sub> 2 95.8％ ＞99.8％
制造方法1
使(9S,13S,14S)-3-羟基-17-苄基吗啡烷氢溴酸盐(24mmol)悬浮于DMF(60mL)中，在10℃以下加入NaOtBu(51mmol)、氘代甲基化剂(26mmol)，进一步搅拌3小时。反应后，加入甲苯、水，分离有机层，将有机层用水清洗，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入NaHCO3(5mmol)、氘代甲基化剂(29mmol)、MeCN(40mL)，加热回流10小时。进一步加入NaHCO3(5mmol)和水(20mL)，在80℃下搅拌1小时。冷却后，加入5％Pd/C(0.5g)，在氢气气氛下在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应溶液进行硅藻土过滤，用MeOH和水清洗后，蒸馏除去大部分有机溶剂。向浓缩物中加入甲苯、水、25％NaOH水溶液，分离有机层，将有机层用水清洗，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
制造方法2
使(9S,13S,14S)-3-羟基-17-苄基吗啡烷(24mmol)、氘代甲基化剂(50mmol)和NaHCO3(6mmol)悬浮于MeCN(25mL)中，回流4小时。反应结束后，将该溶液冷却至0℃，加入48％NaOH水溶液(3.0g)，在0℃下搅拌16小时、进一步在80℃下搅拌4小时，然后冷却至室温。加入10％Pd/C(0.6g)，在氢气气氛下在室温下搅拌19小时。将反应溶液进行硅藻土过滤，用MeCN和纯化水清洗后，蒸馏除去大部分有机溶剂。向浓缩物中加入MeCN、纯化水、25％NaOH水溶液(5.5mL)，分离有机层，将有机层用水清洗后，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
实施例1.N-甲基-d3哌嗪的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000111
将哌嗪-1-甲酸苄酯(14.18g)和4-茴香醛(8.85g)溶解于THF(200mL)中，然后冷却至10℃以下，加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(16.37g)，在5～25℃下搅拌2小时。加入纯化水(20ml)后，在减压下蒸馏除去大部分溶剂，加入5N NaOH水溶液(20ml)，用MTBE萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(13.32g,含量92％)和NaHCO3(0.54g)，使其悬浮于MeCN中，加热回流4小时后，在室温下搅拌16小时。接着加入NH4Cl(0.34g)，加热回流1小时，然后冷却至室温。向得到的悬浮液中加入甲醇(50mL)，将体系内用氮气置换。向其中加入10％Pd(OH)2/C(0.5g)，在1个大气压的氢气气氛下在50℃下搅拌8小时、接着在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应液过滤，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入THF(50mL)，冷却至0℃后，滴加48％NaOH水溶液(4.3ml)。将得到的悬浮液过滤，用MTBE和少量的THF清洗后，在减压下蒸馏除去大部分溶剂。将残渣减压蒸馏，以与4-甲基茴香醚的混合物(3.89g、含量77.4％)的形式得到目标物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；2.88-2.91(8H,m)
实施例2.N-甲基-d3-氮杂环庚烷-4-酮的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000121
1)8-苄基-1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂螺[4,6]十一碳烯的制造
向1-苄基氮杂环庚烷-4-酮(2.5g)和对甲苯磺酸水合物(2.34g)中加入甲苯(25mL)，加热回流1小时。冷却至60℃后，加入乙二醇(0.75mL)，进一步加热回流2小时。冷却至室温后，加入25％NaOH水溶液，分离有机层。将得到的有机层浓缩，将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/己烷)进行纯化，得到目标物(535mg)。
2)8-甲基-d3-1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂螺[4,6]十一碳烯的制造
向8-苄基-1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂螺[4,6]十一碳烯(0.53g)中加入4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(0.51g,含量87％)、NaI(32mg)、NaHCO3(18mg)，使其悬浮于MeCN(3mL)中，在密封反应容器中在95℃下搅拌4小时。冷却至室温后，加入TEA(0.15mL)，在50℃下搅拌2小时。向得到的溶液中加入10％Pd/C(50mg)，在1个大气压的氢气气氛下在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应液进行硅藻土过滤，用DCM萃取滤液，得到目标物(342mg)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.65-1.75(2H,m),1.89(2H,t,J＝5.6Hz),1.97(2H,t,J＝5.6Hz),2.53(2H,t,J＝5.6Hz),2.59(2H,t,J＝5.6Hz),3.89(4H,s).
3)N-甲基-d3-氮杂环庚烷-4-酮的制造
使8-甲基-d3-1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂螺[4,6]十一碳烯(340mg)溶解于THF(2.0mL)中，加入浓盐酸(0.5mL)，在60℃下搅拌3小时。将反应溶液冷却至室温，蒸馏除去溶剂，定量地得到目标物的盐酸盐。得到的目标物不进行纯化而用于下一步骤。
实施例3. 1-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000131
1)4-苄基-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸苄酯的制造
将N-苄基高哌嗪(4.18mL)与DCM(21.5mL)混合，慢慢地滴加氯甲酸苄酯(CbzCl)(3.55mL)。将反应液在室温下搅拌过夜，确认反应的进展，同时适当追加CbzCl(0.65mL)。蒸馏除去溶剂后，加入AcOEt。蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.77-1.91(2H,m),2.56-2.72(4H,m),3.49-3.60(4H,m),3.61(2H,d,J＝3.3Hz),5.14(2H,d,J＝2.4Hz),7.25-7.43(10H,m).
2)4-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸苄酯的制造
将4-苄基-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸苄酯(6.6g)、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(4.32g)、NaHCO3(0.34g)、NaI(0.31g)、MeCN(20mL)混合，在回流下搅拌8小时。加入水(13mL)和NH4Cl(0.33g)，加热回流1.5小时。蒸馏除去溶剂后，向残渣中加入MeCN(27mL)、水(3mL)、10％Pd/C(660mg)，在0.4MPa的氢气气氛下、在40℃下搅拌8小时。将反应液过滤，蒸馏除去溶剂，向残渣中加入AcOEt和水。用5N NaOH水溶液使其呈碱性，用AcOEt萃取。蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物(3.81g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.83-1.92(2H,m),2.52-2.63(4H,m),3.51-3.64(4H.m),5.14(2H,s),7.28-7.39(5H,m).
3)1-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷的制造
将4-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸苄酯(3.81g)、10％Pd/C(380mg)、AcOEt(20mL)、MeOH(5mL)混合，在0.4MPa的氢气气氛下、在50℃下搅拌8小时。将反应液过滤，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物(1.74g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.81(2H,quint,J＝6.0Hz),2.58-2.64(4H,m),2.77(1H,br s),2.91-3.00(4H.m).
实施例4～22
与实施例1～3同样地操作，由表2所示的起始化合物得到合成中间体。
表2
Figure BDA0003243280380000151
Figure BDA0003243280380000161
实施例23.N-(4-甲基-3-(4-(吡啶-3-基)嘧啶-2-基氨基)苯基)-4-((4-甲基-d3- 哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯甲酰胺(氘代伊马替尼)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000171
将4-(氯甲基)-N-(4-甲基-3-((4-(吡啶-3-基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)苯基)苯甲酰胺(0.43g)和N-甲基-d3-哌嗪(1.33g,含量77％)溶解于MeCN(40mL)中，加热回流6小时。将反应液浓缩至约15mL，在0℃下搅拌。滤取得到的结晶，用MeCN清洗，得到目标物(370mg)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)；2.23(3H,s),2.20-2.50(8H,m),3.52(2H,s),7.21(1H,d,J＝8.0Hz),7.40-7.57(5H,m),7.91(1H,d,J＝8.0Hz),8.08(1H,d,J＝2.0Hz),8.48(1H,dt,J＝2.0,8.0Hz),8.51(1H,d,J＝4.8Hz),8.69(1H,dd,J＝2.0,4.8Hz),8.99(1H,s),9.28(1H,d,J＝2.0Hz),10.18(1H,s).
实施例24.N-(5-((4-(乙基-d5)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)吡啶-2-基)-5-氟-4-(4-氟-1- 异丙基-2-甲基-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-6-基)嘧啶-2-胺(氘代玻玛西林)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000172
使用6-((5-氟-4-(4-氟-1-异丙基-2-甲基-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-6-基)嘧啶-2-基)氨基)烟碱醛、N-乙基-d5-哌嗪，与Tetrahedron Letters,56,949(2015)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例25. 2-(4-(乙基-d5)哌嗪-1-基)-4-(4-氟苯基)-5,6,7,8,9,10-六氢环辛 并[b]吡啶(氘代布南色林)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000181
使用2-氯-4-(4-氟苯基)-5,6,7,8,9,10-六氢环辛并[b]吡啶、N-乙基-d5-哌嗪，与美国专利第5021421号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例26. 2-(2-乙氧基-5-((4-(乙基-d5)哌嗪-1-基)磺酰基)苯基)-5-甲基-7- 丙基咪唑并[5,1-f][1,2,4]三嗪-4(3H)-酮(氘代伐地那非)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000182
使用4-乙氧基-3-(5-甲基-4-氧代-7-丙基-3,4-二氢咪唑并[5,1-f][1,2,4]三嗪-2-基)苯磺酰氯、N-乙基-d5-哌嗪，与WO1999/024433号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例27. 2-甲基-4-(4-(甲基-d3)哌嗪-1-基)-10H-苯并[b]噻吩并[2,3-e][1, 4]二氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000193
(氘代奥氮平)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000191
使用2-甲基-10H-苯并[b]噻吩并[2,3-e][1,4]二氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000195
-4-胺、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与美国专利第5229382号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例28.(S)-9-氟-3-甲基-10-(4-(甲基-d3)哌嗪-1-基)-7-氧代-2,3-二氢- 7H-[1,4]
Figure BDA0003243280380000194
嗪并[2,3,4-ij]喹啉-6-甲酸(氘代左氧氟沙星)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000192
使用(S)-9,10-二氟-3-甲基-7-氧代-2,3-二氢-7H-[1,4]
Figure BDA0003243280380000196
嗪并[2,3,4-ij]喹啉-6-甲酸、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,30,2283(1987)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例29. 4-((2,4-二氯-5-甲氧基苯基)氨基)-6-甲氧基-7-(3-(4-(甲基-d3) 哌嗪-1-基)丙氧基)喹啉-3-甲腈(氘代伯舒替尼)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000201
使用7-(3-氯丙氧基)-4-((2,4-二氯-5-甲氧基苯基)氨基)-6-甲氧基喹啉-3-甲腈、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,44,3965(2001)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例30.(2-((5-氯-2-((2-甲氧基-4-(4-(4-(甲基-d3)哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基) 苯基)氨基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)苯基)二甲基氧化膦(氘代布加替尼)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000202
1)1-(甲基-d3)-4-(哌啶-4-基)哌嗪的制造
使用1-苄基哌啶-4-酮、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与日本特开2008-050307号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
2)氘代布加替尼的制造
使用1-(甲基-d3)-4-(哌啶-4-基)哌嗪，与Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,59,4948(2016)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例31. 2-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-N,2-二甲基-N-(6-(4-(甲基-d3)哌嗪- 1-基)-4-(邻甲苯基)吡啶-3-基)丙酰胺(氘代奈妥吡坦)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000211
使用2-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-N-(6-氯-(4-(邻甲苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N,2-二甲基丙酰胺、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与中国专利公开107698500号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例32.(Z)-3-(((4-(N-甲基-2-(4-(甲基-d3)哌嗪-1-基)乙酰胺)苯基)氨基) (苯基)亚甲基)-2-氧代吲哚啉-6-甲酸甲酯(氘代尼达尼布)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000212
使用(Z)-3-(((4-(2-氯-N-甲基乙酰胺)苯基)氨基)(苯基)亚甲基)-2-氧代吲哚啉-6-甲酸甲酯、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与Synthetic Communications,47,975(2017)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例33. 6-乙基-3-((3-甲氧基-4-(4-(4-(甲基-d3)哌嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-基)苯 基)氨基)-5-((四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)氨基)吡嗪-2-甲酰胺(氘代吉列替尼)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000221
1)1-(甲基-d3)-4-(哌啶-4-基)哌嗪盐酸盐的制造
使用4-氧代哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯、N-甲基-d3-哌嗪，与WO2015/177326号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
2)氘代吉列替尼的制造
使用1-(甲基-d3)-4-(哌啶-4-基)哌嗪盐酸盐，与WO2010/128659号公报中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例34. 4-(4-氯苄基)-2-(1-甲基-d3-氮杂环庚烷-4-基)酞嗪-1(2H)-酮(氘 代氮卓斯汀)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000231
使4-(4-氯苄基)-2-(1-苄基-氮杂环庚烷-4-基)酞嗪-1(2H)-酮(0.5g)和4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(0.25g,含量92％)、NaI(16mg)和NaHCO3(18mg)悬浮于MeCN(4ml)中，在密封反应容器中在95℃下搅拌4小时。进一步在开放体系中在50℃下搅拌30分钟，然后加入NH4Cl(18mg)和纯化水(1mL)，进一步在70℃下搅拌1小时。向得到的溶液中加入10％Pd/C(25mg)，在1个大气压的氢气气氛下在室温下搅拌1.5小时。将反应液进行硅藻土过滤，向滤液中加入氨水，用AcOEt萃取。蒸馏除去溶剂，将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/己烷)进行纯化，得到目标物(368mg)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.65-1.80(1H,m),1.90-2.15(4H,m),2.15-2.30(1H,m),2.50-2.80(4H,m),4.26(2H,s),5.30-5.40(1H,m),7.18-7.21(2H,m),7.25-7.27(2H,m),7.67-7.71(3H,m),8.44-8.47(1H,m).
实施例35. 1-(2-乙氧基乙基)-2-(4-甲基-d3-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-1H-苯 并[d]咪唑(氘代依美斯汀)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000232
将2-氯-(2-乙氧基乙基)苯并咪唑(106mg)、1-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷(83mg)、三乙胺(0.5mL)、MeCN(0.5mL)混合，加热回流8天。加入AcOEt和水，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/MeOH)进行纯化，得到目标物(84mg)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.15(3H,t,J＝7.0Hz),2.02(2H,quint,J＝5.8Hz),2.70-2.80(4H,m),3.46(2H,q,J＝7.0Hz),3.62-3.71(4H,m),3.78(2H,t,J＝6.1Hz),4.18(2H,t,J＝6.1Hz),7.07-7.18(2H,m),7.22-7.27(1H,m),7.51-7.56(1H,m).
实施例36. 2-(4-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-N-((5-甲基吡嗪-2-基) 甲基)-5-氧代-5H-苯并[4,5]噻唑并[3,2-a][1,8]萘啶-6-甲酰胺(氘代CX-5461)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000241
1)2-(4-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-5-氧代-5H-苯并[4,5]噻唑并[3, 2-a][1,8]萘啶-6-甲酸甲酯的合成
使用2-氯-5-氧代-5H-苯并[4,5]噻唑并[3,2-a][1,8]萘啶-6-甲酸甲酯、1-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷，与ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters,3,602(2012)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
2)氘代CX-5461的制造
使用2-(4-(甲基-d3)-1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-5-氧代-5H-苯并[4,5]噻唑并[3,2-a][1,8]萘啶-6-甲酸甲酯，与ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters,3,602(2012)中记载的方法同样地操作，得到目标物。
实施例37.N-[2-(1-甲基-d3-吡咯烷-2-基)乙基]-3-[(4,7-二氢-7-氧代-1-甲 基-3-丙基-1H-吡唑并[4,3-d]嘧啶)-5-基]-4-丙氧基苯磺酰胺(氘代乌地那非)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000251
将3-((5-氨甲酰基-1-甲基-3-丙基-1H-吡唑-4-基)氨甲酰基)-4-丙氧基苯磺酰氯与2-(1-(甲基-d3)吡咯烷-2-基)乙烷-1-胺混合，在DCM中在室温下搅拌。反应后，加入NaHCO3水溶液，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入叔丁醇，与叔丁醇钾一起进行加热回流。向反应液中加入水，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
实施例38.N-((1-乙基-d5-2-吡咯烷基)甲基)-2-甲氧基-4-氨基-5-(乙基磺酰 基)苯甲酰胺(氘代氨磺必利)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000252
将5-(乙基磺酰基)-2-甲氧基-4-硝基苯甲酸与(1-(乙基-d5)吡咯烷-2-基)甲烷胺在二氧杂环己烷中在TEA和氯甲酸乙酯存在下混合，在室温下搅拌。反应后，加入水，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入EtOH和雷尼镍，在氢气气氛下搅拌。将反应液过滤，除去不溶物，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
实施例39. 3-羟基-2-苯基丙酸(1R,3r,5S)-8-甲基-d3-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛 烷-3-基酯(氘代阿托品)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000261
将乙酸3-氯-3-氧代-2-苯基丙酯与(1R,3r,5S)-8-(甲基-d3)-8-氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷-3-醇混合，在DCM中在室温下与甲磺酸搅拌。反应后，加入NaHCO3水溶液，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入MeOH，在室温下与甲醇钠搅拌。向反应液中加入水，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
实施例40. 1H-吲哚-3-甲酸(1α,5α)-8-甲基-d3-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-3β-基 酯(氘代托烷司琼)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000262
将1H-吲哚-3-甲酸与(1R,3r,5S)-8-(甲基-d3)-8-氮杂双环[3,2,1]辛烷-3-醇混合，在氯仿中加入对甲苯磺酸，加热回流。反应后，加入NaHCO3水溶液，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
实施例41.(R)-3-((1-甲基-d3-吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)-5-(2-(苯基磺酰基)乙基)- 1H-吲哚(氘代依立曲坦)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000271
1)(S,E)-3-((1-苄基吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)-5-(2-(苯基磺酰基)乙烯基)-1H-吲哚 的制造
将苄基d-脯氨酰氯、乙基溴化镁、氯化锌、5-溴吲哚的Et2O溶液在室温下搅拌。反应后，加入水，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。向残渣中加入氢化铵、THF，在室温至60℃下搅拌后，加入MeOH，滤去不溶物，将滤液浓缩。向残渣中加入MeCN，加入苯基乙烯基砜、乙酸钯、三邻甲苯基膦、三乙胺，加热回流。加入水，用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物。
2)氘代依立曲坦的制造
使用(S,E)-3-((1-苄基吡咯烷-2-基)甲基)-5-(2-(苯基磺酰基)乙烯基)-1H-吲哚、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3，通过与参考例1～5同样的方法得到目标物。
实施例42.(S)-3-(1-甲基-d3-吡咯烷-2-基)吡啶(氘代烟碱)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000281
1)二苄基去甲烟碱盐的制造
将去甲烟碱、Na2CO3、苄基溴在MeOH中在室温下搅拌，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到二苄基去甲烟碱盐。
2)氘代烟碱的制造
使用二苄基去甲烟碱盐，通过与参考例1～5同样的反应得到目标物。
实施例43.苯基氨基甲酸(3aR,8aS)-3a,8-二甲基-1-(甲基-d3)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a- 六氢吡咯并[2,3-b]吲哚-5-基酯(氘代非色林)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000282
1)(3aR,8aS)-5-甲氧基-3a,8-二甲基-1-(甲基-d3)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-六氢吡咯并 [2,3-b]吲哚的制造
将(3aR,8aS)-1-苄基-5-甲氧基-3a,8-二甲基-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-六氢吡咯并[2,3-b]吲哚(5.0g)、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(3.37g)、NaHCO3(272mg)、NaI(243mg)、MeCN(20mL)混合，在密封反应容器中在90℃下搅拌7小时。加入NH4Cl(260mg)、水(10mL)，在密封反应容器中在70℃下搅拌1小时。加入10％Pd/C(500mg)，在0.4MPa的氢气气氛下、在40℃下搅拌6小时。将反应液进行硅藻土过滤，向滤液中加入AcOEt和水，用5N NaOH水溶液使其呈碱性后，用AcOEt萃取。蒸馏除去溶剂，将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/己烷)进行纯化，得到目标物(1.67g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；1.43(3H,s),1.91-1.97(2H,m),2.59-2.74(2H,m),2.89(3H,s),3.75(3H,s),4.05(1H,s),6.36(1H,d,J＝8.4Hz),6.61-6.68(2H.m).
2)(3aR,8aS)-3a,8-二甲基-1-(甲基-d3)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-六氢吡咯并[2,3-b]吲 哚-5-醇的制造
将(3aR,8aS)-5-甲氧基-3a,8-二甲基-1-(甲基-d3)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-六氢吡咯并[2,3-b]吲哚(367mg)与DCM(6mL)混合，进行冰冷。慢慢地滴加BBr3(1.59mL,17％DCM溶液)。将反应液在室温下搅拌6小时，确认反应的进展，同时适当追加BBr3(0.48mL,17％DCM溶液)。蒸馏除去溶剂，向残渣中加入水和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液，用AcOEt萃取。蒸馏除去溶剂，将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/MeOH)进行纯化，得到目标物(163mg)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δ；1.32(3H,s),1.68-1.86(2H,m),2.37-2.46(1H,m),2.58-2.66(1H,m),2.75(3H,s),3.95(1H,s),6.26(1H,d,J＝8.1Hz),6.40-6.46(2H.m),8.54(1H,s).
3)氘代非色林的制造
将(3aR,8aS)-3a,8-二甲基-1-(甲基-d3)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-六氢吡咯并[2,3-b]吲哚-5-醇(143mg)与THF(13mL)混合，加入氢化钠(2.8mg)，在室温下搅拌10分钟。加入异氰酸苯基酯(85μL)，在室温下下搅拌5小时。蒸馏除去溶剂，向残渣中加入水和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液，用AcOEt萃取。蒸馏除去溶剂，将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/己烷)进行纯化，得到目标物(146mg)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δ；1.36(3H,s),1.78-1.87(2H,m),2.44-2.53(1H,m),2.61-2.67(1H,m),2.86(3H,s),4.10(1H,s),6.39(1H,d,J＝8.4Hz),6.80(1H,dd,J＝8.4,2.4Hz),6.85(1H,d,J＝2.4Hz),6.99-7.05(1H.m),7.27-7.33(2H,m),7.50(2H,d,J＝7.7Hz),10.05(1H,s).
实施例44.2-甲基-d3-1,2,3,4,10,14b-六氢苯并[c]吡嗪并[1,2-a]吡啶并[3,2- f]氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000302
(氘代米氮平)的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000301
1)2-苄基-1,2,3,4,10,14b-六氢苯并[c]吡嗪并[1,2-a]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000303
的 制造
将1,2,3,4,10,14b-六氢苯并[c]吡嗪并[1,2-a]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000304
(607mg)、K2CO3(434mg)、苄基溴(475mg)在DMF中在室温下搅拌3小时。向反应液中加入水，用AcOEt萃取后，蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物(570mg)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；2.36(1H,dt,J＝3.2,10.8Hz),2.52(1H,t,J＝10.8Hz),2.90-3.00(2H,m),3.43(1H,d,J＝13.2Hz),3.48(1H,dt,J＝2.8,12.4Hz),3.72(1H,dt,J＝2.8,13.2Hz),3.86(2H,s),4.36(1H,d,J＝8.0Hz),4.52(1H,d,J＝13.2Hz),6.73(1H,dd,J＝4.8,7.2Hz),7.10-7.20(4H,m),7.30-7.40(6H,m),8.16(1H,d,J＝3.2Hz).
2)氘代米氮平的制造
使2-苄基-1,2,3,4,10,14b-六氢苯并[c]吡嗪并[1,2-a]吡啶并[3,2-f]氮杂
Figure BDA0003243280380000312
(435mg)、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(297mg)和NaHCO3(16mg)悬浮于MeCN(5mL)中，加热回流4小时。反应结束后，将该溶液冷却至0℃，加入NH4Cl水溶液(31mg/0.8mL)，在60℃下搅拌3小时后，冷却至室温。加入10％Pd/C(50mg)，在氢气气氛下在室温下搅拌18小时。将反应溶液进行硅藻土过滤，蒸馏除去滤液中的大部分有机溶剂。将残渣利用柱色谱(AcOEt/己烷)进行纯化，得到目标物(110mg)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；2.50(1H,td,J＝10.8,3.2Hz),2.63(1H,t,J＝10.8Hz),3.02(1H,d,J＝11.2Hz),3.14(1H,d,J＝11.2Hz),3.42(1H,d,J＝13.2Hz),3.55(1H,td,J＝2.8,12.4Hz),3.77(1H,dt,J＝2.8,13.2Hz),4.47(1H,dd,J＝2.4,10.4Hz),4.50(1H,d,J＝13.2Hz),6.79(1H,dd,J＝5.2,7.6Hz),7.15(4H,m),7.33(1H,d,J＝8.4Hz),8.16(1H,dd,J＝2.0,9.2Hz).
实施例45. 5-((3,4-二甲氧基苯乙基)(甲基-d3)氨基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)- 2-异丙基戊腈(氘代维拉帕米)盐酸盐的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000311
使5-(苄基(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙基)氨基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-2-异丙基戊腈(100mg)和4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3(43mg,含量92％)、NaI(2.8mg)和NaHCO3(1.6mg)悬浮于MeCN(0.5mL)中，在密封反应容器中在95℃下搅拌5小时后，在室温下搅拌过夜。加入NH4Cl(3.0mg)和纯化水(0.2mL)，进一步在60℃下搅拌3小时。向得到的溶液中加入20％Pd(OH)2/C(5mg)，在1个大气压的氢气气氛下在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应液进行硅藻土过滤，向滤液中加入NaOH水溶液，然后用AcOEt萃取，蒸馏除去溶剂。将残渣溶解于甲苯中，加入氯化氢的Et2O溶液(0.19mL)，在室温下搅拌1小时。滤取结晶，得到目标物(60mg)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:0.79(3H,d,J＝6.4Hz),1.10-1.18(1H,m),1.18(3H,d,J＝6.4Hz),1.49-1.65(1H,m),1.78-1.88(1H,m),2.00-2.15(2H,m),2.28-2.41(2H,m),2.45-2.55(2H,m),2.60-2.70(2H,m),3.85(3H,s),3.87(3H,s),3.88(3H,s),3.88(3H,s),6.67-6.71(2H,m),6.77-6.86(3H,m),6.88-6.93(1H,m).
实施例46、47
与实施例23、26同样地操作，由表3所示的起始物质得到目标物。
表3
Figure BDA0003243280380000321
实施例48.N-乙基-d5哌嗪的制造
Figure BDA0003243280380000331
1)4-(乙基-d5)哌嗪-1-甲酸苄酯的制造
将4-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌嗪-1-甲酸苄酯(10g)、4-甲基苯磺酸乙酯-d5(6.84g)、NaHCO3(0.49g)、碘化钠(0.44g)、MeCN(40mL)混合，在密封反应容器中在90℃下搅拌2天。加入水(20mL)和NH4Cl(0.47g)，在密封反应容器中在90℃下搅拌1小时。加入10％Pd/C(1g)，在0.4MPa的氢气气氛下、在40℃下搅拌4小时。将反应液进行硅藻土过滤，将滤液浓缩后，向残渣中加入AcOEt和水。用5N NaOH水溶液使其呈碱性，用AcOEt萃取。蒸馏除去溶剂，得到目标物(5.06g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；2.40(4H,br s),3.53(4H,t,J＝5.1Hz),5.13(2H,s),7.30-7.38(5H,m).
2)N-乙基-d5哌嗪的制造
将4-(乙基-d5)哌嗪-1-甲酸苄酯(5.06g)、10％Pd/C(500mg)、AeOEt(26mL)、MeOH(6.5mL)混合，在0.4MPa的氢气气氛下在50℃下搅拌12小时。将反应液进行硅藻土过滤，浓缩滤液，得到作为目标物的与4-甲基茴香醚的混合物(2.09g、含量74.5％)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ；2.84-2.93(8H,m).
产业上的可利用性
本发明能够以高收率廉价地对胺部分进行单氘代低级烷基化。

Claims (10)

1.一种向胺中导入单氘代低级烷基的方法，其中，在含有仲胺的化合物中，将该胺上的氢原子用芳烷基取代，在中性或碱性条件下，利用氘代低级烷基化剂向该胺中导入氘代低级烷基，接着使芳烷基脱离，由此向该胺中导入单氘代低级烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，仲胺不构成哌啶环。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，氘代低级烷基为氘代甲基或氘代乙基，氘代低级烷基化剂为氘代甲基化剂或氘代乙基化剂。
4.如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的方法，其中，氘代低级烷基为氘代甲基，氘代低级烷基化剂为甲磺酸甲酯-d3、苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-甲基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、2-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、4-硝基苯磺酸甲酯-d3、硫酸二甲酯-d6、碳酸二甲酯-d6、三氟甲磺酸甲酯-d3、溴甲烷-d3或碘甲烷-d3。
5.如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的方法，其中，氘代低级烷基为氘代乙基，氘代低级烷基化剂为甲磺酸乙酯-d5、苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-甲基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、2-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、4-硝基苯磺酸乙酯-d5、硫酸二乙酯-d10、碳酸二乙酯-d10、三氟甲磺酸乙酯-d5、溴乙烷-d5或碘乙烷-d5。
6.如权利要求1～5中任一项所述的方法，其中，芳烷基为苄基衍生物。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，苄基衍生物为苄基或4-甲氧基苄基。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其中，芳烷基的脱离通过氢化来进行。
9.如权利要求1～8中任一项所述的方法，其中，碱性条件下为利用碳酸钠、碳酸铯、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、氢化钠、氢化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、烷基锂、氨基锂(例如，二异丙基氨基锂、六甲基二硅基胺基锂)、甲醇钠或叔胺形成的碱性条件。
10.如权利要求1～9中任一项所述的方法，其中，含有仲胺的化合物选自哌嗪衍生物、吡咯烷衍生物、氮杂环庚烷衍生物、二氮杂环庚烷衍生物、链状胺。
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