CN113508670A - Efficient cultivation method for protecting southern highbush blueberries - Google Patents
Efficient cultivation method for protecting southern highbush blueberries Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-efficiency cultivation method for protecting high-clump blueberries in the south of China. The technical field is as follows: an agricultural cultivation technology. The blueberry mainly has the problem of slow growth, and can enter a high-yield period after being planted for more than 2 years. The method can realize entering the high-yield period within one year. Realizing rapid and efficient cultivation. The main technical scheme and steps are as follows: s1, performing matrix potting, and performing drip irrigation and spraying on the water solution of ammonium sulfate and the like, wherein the pH value of the water solution is adjusted to be about 5.0 from one thousandth to one thousandth of zero point every day by citric acid and the like. S2, applying high-quality bio-organic fertilizer, medium and trace element fertilizer or water-soluble compound fertilizer solution as required after the seventh planting day; s3, the blueberries grow from vigorous growth to cool weather, the growth is controlled, and the nutrition accumulation, the flower bud formation and the flower formation are promoted to be relatively concentrated. The method is suitable for planting the southern highbush blueberries in the protected area of the area which can be sprayed or shaded when the temperature is higher than zero in winter, the low temperature meets the requirement of variety cold requirement, and the summer temperature is higher than 38 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of efficient cultivation of blueberries, in particular to an efficient cultivation method for protecting the high-clump blueberries in the southern region.
Background
Blueberries, namely perennial shrubs of Vaccinium in Ericaceae, are native to northeast, Europe, North America and the like in China, are rich in anthocyanin and the like, are popular in the world due to high health care value, and are one of five healthy fruits recommended by food and agricultural organizations in the world. However, the history of cultivation in the united states, the earliest country for blueberry cultivation, is less than a hundred years. Especially, the history of the cultivation of the southern highbush blueberries is shorter. Therefore, the efficient cultivation of the southern highbush blueberries is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in production.
Because the elongation range of the blueberry roots in soil is narrow, no root hair exists, the growth is slow, and the yield can be high only after 2 to 3 years of cultivation by a common method, so that the method also has the saying that the blueberries are delicious and difficult to cultivate.
In recent years, the cultivation of the southern highbush blueberries has better effect by utilizing the matrix bag cultivation and the water and fertilizer integrated cultivation under the protection of the Yunnan and other places in China, but the direct production cost of the cultivation is still higher, and the growth speed and the first annual yield of the cultivation need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: a high-efficiency cultivation method for protecting the high-clump blueberries in the southern region comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a cultivated land area, determining the volume of the potted blueberry substrate and the potted blueberry quantity according to different planting targets and the characteristics of the southern high bush potted blueberry varieties, adjusting the pH value of the substrate to 4.5-5.5, adjusting the substrate proportion according to the characteristics of the southern high bush potted blueberry varieties, installing a corresponding water-fertilizer integrated system according to the cultivation requirements, and keeping the temperature in a protective greenhouse at 5 ℃ or above. The high-efficiency cultivation aims at realizing the omnibearing and almost all-weather application from leaves, stems and roots and meeting the water and fertilizer control supply of full nutrition supply, and meeting the requirements of quick growth and development control of potted blueberries;
s2, installing 2-4 drop arrows in each potted blueberry in the area where the water and fertilizer are determined to be applied, and overhead arranging a small rain simulating type micro-spray capable of uniformly spraying above a protected area;
s3, adjusting the pH value of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution which is five to one thousandth of the zero point to the one thousandth of the pH value to 4.5 to 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid one day before planting the potted blueberry in the south high cluster, and then, thoroughly watering and planting seedlings once;
s4, after planting the potted blueberry in the southern highbush, adjusting the pH value of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution which is half to one thousandth of the pH value of the ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution to 4.5 to 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and completely watering the potted blueberry in a whole bag once;
s5, beginning the next day after planting the Nangao potted blues, in the day of the sun, at the temperature of more than 5 ℃, less than 30 ℃ and the relative humidity of less than 90%, adjusting the pH value of one-thousandth ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid through micro-spraying once every day from 7 am to 8 am and from 4 pm to 5 pm, wherein the water and fertilizer consumption is that stems and leaves are all moistened till dripping begins, and the drip irrigation is performed by using the same water and fertilizer at 9 am to 10 am and from 5 pm to 6 pm through drip irrigation once, and the water and fertilizer consumption is that each potted blueberry is 0.6L to 1.0L; when the relative humidity is 90% or more in cloudy days, the micro-spraying times and the water and fertilizer consumption are unchanged, and the water and fertilizer consumption of drip irrigation is reduced by two thirds; in sunny days, the temperature is above 5 ℃ and below 30 ℃, 5 times of micro-spraying are carried out at 8 am, 11 am, 12 am, 2 pm and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all wetted until dripping begins, the same water and fertilizer is used for drip irrigation at 10 am and 5 pm, and the water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 30 ℃ or above and is below 35 ℃ in a sunny day or an intermittent sunny day, 8 times of micro-spraying are respectively carried out at 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all moistened till dripping begins, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water and fertilizer at 10 am and 5 pm respectively, and the total water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 35 ℃ or above in sunny days or sunny days, 10 times of micro spraying are respectively carried out at 7 am, 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am, 4 am and 5 am, the pH value of one half to one half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to be about 5.0 by citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water fertilizer dosage is that the stem leaves are all wet, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water fertilizer at 9 am and half am, and the total water fertilizer dosage is 1.0L to 1.5L per blueberry basin;
s6, applying 50-80 g of high-quality bio-organic fertilizer to each pot in the seventh day after the planting of the southern high-bush potted blueberry, and applying the bio-organic fertilizer once a month later, wherein the dosage is 50-100 g. And (3) carrying out micro-spraying and drip irrigation once on the last day every 15 days, and applying the medium and trace element fertilizer with the normal use concentration of 50% once by combining the micro-spraying and drip irrigation. When the growth period is reached, in the evening of 10-15 days every other day, micro-spraying and drip irrigation are added, wherein the pH value of a water-soluble compound fertilizer solution with one third of the normal use concentration is adjusted to be about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the micro-spraying water fertilizer dosage is until the stem leaves are completely wet, and the drip irrigation water fertilizer dosage is 0.4-0.8 liter per pot of blueberries. In addition, drip irrigation is added once every month, the pH value of irrigation water is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and the water drips through the bag soil of the potted blueberry until the water seeps out for 1 to 3 minutes;
s7, when the southern high-cluster potted blueberry grows from a vigorous day to a cool day and the temperature is below 15 ℃ at night, and the growth amount reaches the target, the water dripping amount is gradually reduced every day, the micro-spraying times are gradually reduced after 7 to 10 days, and the plants are controlled not to grow or to grow less and young but not to wither so as to promote nutrient accumulation, flower bud formation and relative concentration of flower formation.
The invention has the advantages that: the full-range and almost all-weather application from leaves, stems and roots is realized according to different planting targets and the characteristics of the south high-bush potted blueberry varieties and the like, the full-nutrition supply and the water and fertilizer supply are met, the requirements of the fast growth and the development control of the potted blueberries are met, and the aim of high-efficiency cultivation is fulfilled. Meanwhile, the concentration of the used fertilizer is low, so that almost no harmful substance is left, and the environment is protected and the effect is obvious.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the blueberry is cultivated scientifically by using ammonium sulfate (or ammonium bisulfate), citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, high-quality bio-organic fertilizer, medium trace element fertilizer and water-soluble compound fertilizer material in an efficient manner, so that the full-nutrition supply and the water-fertilizer supply can be met by all-around application from leaves, stems and roots and almost all-weather application, the requirements of quick growth and development control of potted blueberries are met, the technology is easy to operate, the direct production cost is low, no harmful substance is left, and the environment-friendly effect is obvious.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments for easy understanding.
The embodiment discloses a high-efficiency cultivation method for protecting high-clump blueberries in the southern region.
It should be noted that: in practical application, the method for efficiently cultivating the high-bush blueberry in the south of the protected area uses ammonium sulfate (or ammonium bisulfate), citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, a high-quality bio-organic fertilizer, a medium trace element fertilizer and a water-soluble compound fertilizer as main components, uses materials in parts related to material selection, also relates to air temperature, air humidity and the like, uses amount of the materials related to the growth amount of the blueberry in the area, and needs to be adjusted according to practical conditions for reasonable use to avoid waste. When the temperature is too low, the blueberries grow slowly, and the using effect and benefit are poor. Therefore, when the temperature is too low, the cultivation and planting are better when the weather and the temperature are changed to be warm.
The materials described herein include ammonium sulfate (or ammonium bisulfate), citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, high quality bio-organic fertilizer, medium trace element fertilizer, water soluble compound fertilizer and water.
The principle about the scheme in this embodiment is as follows:
the method adopts and realizes the water and fertilizer control supply which is applied from the leaves, the stems and the roots in an all-round and almost all-weather way and meets the requirement of full nutrition supply, and combines the low-concentration and high-frequency micro-spraying and drip irrigation, so that the temperature of the growing environment is increased when the temperature is low, the temperature of the growing environment is reduced when the temperature is high, the better and relatively stable growing environment is ensured, in the growing stage, the leaves and the stems are always ensured to absorb nutrients to meet the requirements of quick growth and development control of potted blueberries, and in the developing stage, the growth and development can be better controlled and the flowering can be controlled. The method has the advantages that the used materials are easy to obtain, the price is low, the use concentration is low, the plant absorption efficiency is high, the total material cost is low, the purposes of protecting the efficient cultivation of the high-bush blueberries in the south of China and directly producing the strawberries are achieved, meanwhile, no harmful substance is left, the environment is protected, and the effect is obvious.
Examples
And (4) efficiently cultivating No. 9 southern blueberry.
The Nangao No. 9 blueberry is a new evergreen variety which is introduced in Guangzhou this year, and has large fruits and excellent varieties. 1 to 3 branches are planted, the average number of the branches is about 2, the height of the seedling is about 15 to 20 centimeters, the planting time is 4 months and 8 days, and the planting place is Shandong Jinan.
One thousand of ammonium sulfate solution pH value is regulated to 5.0 with citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid before planting, and the planted seedling is watered thoroughly once. After planting, regulating the pH value of one thousandth of ammonium sulfate solution to 4.5-5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and completely pouring the potted blueberry full-bag matrix once.
Beginning on the next day after planting, the method is carried out according to the following principle: when the weather is cloudy, the temperature is above 5 ℃, below 30 ℃ and the relative humidity is below 90%, the pH value of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value of one-thousandth of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid through micro-spraying once every day at the time from 7 am to 8 am and at the time from 4 pm to 5 pm, the water and fertilizer consumption is that all stems and leaves are wet till the beginning of dripping, the same water and fertilizer is used for drip irrigation once at the time from 9 am to 10 am and at the time from 5 pm to 6 pm, and the water and fertilizer consumption is 0.6 liter to 1.0 liter per potted blueberry; when the relative humidity is 90% or more in cloudy days, the micro-spraying times and the water and fertilizer consumption are unchanged, and the water and fertilizer consumption of drip irrigation is reduced by two thirds; in sunny days, the temperature is above 5 ℃ and below 30 ℃, 5 times of micro-spraying are carried out at 8 am, 11 am, 12 am, 2 pm and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all wetted until dripping begins, the same water and fertilizer is used for drip irrigation at 10 am and 5 pm, and the water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 30 ℃ or above and is below 35 ℃ in a sunny day or an intermittent sunny day, 8 times of micro-spraying are respectively carried out at 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all moistened till dripping begins, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water and fertilizer at 10 am and 5 pm respectively, and the total water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 35 ℃ or above in sunny days or sunny days, 10 times of micro-spraying are respectively carried out at 7 am, 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am, 4 am and 5 am, the pH value of one half to one half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to be about 5.0 by citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water fertilizer dosage is that the stem leaves are all wet, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water fertilizer at 9 am and half am, and the total water fertilizer dosage is 1.0L to 1.5L per blueberry basin.
And in the seventh day after the blueberry is planted, 50-80 g of high-quality biological organic fertilizer is applied to each pot, and the high-quality biological organic fertilizer is applied once a month later, wherein the dosage is 50-100 g. And (3) carrying out micro-spraying and drip irrigation once on the last day every 15 days, and applying the medium and trace element fertilizer with the normal use concentration of 50% once by combining the micro-spraying and drip irrigation. When the growth period is reached, in the evening of 10-15 days every other day, micro-spraying and drip irrigation are added, wherein the pH value of a water-soluble compound fertilizer solution with one third of the normal use concentration is adjusted to be about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the micro-spraying water fertilizer dosage is until the stem leaves are completely wet, and the drip irrigation water fertilizer dosage is 0.4-0.8 liter per pot of blueberries. In addition, at one month intervals, the pH value of irrigation water is adjusted to about 5.0 by adding drip irrigation once and using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid until water seeps out of the bag soil of the potted blueberry until 1 minute
The management method is carried out for 6 months and 11 days, 10 plants are randomly sampled and investigated, the branch number is 6 to 14 branches, the average branch number is about 8.5, the seedling height is about 43 cm to 83 cm, the average branch number is 63.8 cm, the developing degree is 43 cm to 73 cm, the average branch number is 56.2 cm, the stem thickness is 0.36 cm to 0.83 cm, and the average branch number is 0.58 cm. Only about 2 months, the plants grew rapidly in multiple healthy growth without excessive growth (see photos 1, 2). According to statistics, the cost of direct production data of each blueberry pot is not more than 0.4 yuan per month on average. Achieving high efficiency and low direct production data cost.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1: and (5) a blueberry growth condition diagram of the seedlings in planting.
FIG. 2: and (5) the growth condition of the blueberries 63 days after planting.
Claims (10)
1. The invention discloses a high-efficiency cultivation method for protecting high-clump blueberries in the south of China, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, determining a cultivated land area, determining the volume of the potted blueberry substrate and the potted blueberry quantity according to different planting targets and the characteristics of the southern high bush potted blueberry varieties, adjusting the pH value of the substrate to 4.5-5.5, adjusting the substrate proportion according to the characteristics of the southern high bush potted blueberry varieties, installing a corresponding water-fertilizer integrated system according to the cultivation requirements, and keeping the temperature in a protective greenhouse at 5 ℃ or above. The high-efficiency cultivation aims at realizing the omnibearing application from the leaves, stems and roots and the water and fertilizer control supply meeting the full-nutrition supply, and meeting the requirements of the quick growth and the development control of the potted blueberry;
s2, installing 2-4 drop arrows in each potted blueberry in the area where the water and fertilizer are determined to be applied, and overhead arranging a small rain simulating type micro-spray capable of uniformly spraying above a protected area;
s3, adjusting the pH value of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution which is five to one thousandth of the zero point to the one thousandth of the pH value to 4.5 to 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid one day before planting the potted blueberry in the south high cluster, and then, thoroughly watering and planting seedlings once;
s4, after planting the potted blueberry in the southern highbush, adjusting the pH value of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution which is half to one thousandth of the pH value of the ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution to 4.5 to 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and completely watering the potted blueberry in a whole bag once;
s5, beginning the next day after planting the Nangao potted blues, in the day of the sun, at the temperature of more than 5 ℃, less than 30 ℃ and the relative humidity of less than 90%, adjusting the pH value of one-thousandth ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid through micro-spraying once every day from 7 am to 8 am and from 4 pm to 5 pm, wherein the water and fertilizer consumption is that stems and leaves are all moistened till dripping begins, and the drip irrigation is performed by using the same water and fertilizer at 9 am to 10 am and from 5 pm to 6 pm through drip irrigation once, and the water and fertilizer consumption is that each potted blueberry is 0.6L to 1.0L; when the relative humidity is 90% or more in cloudy days, the micro-spraying times and the water and fertilizer consumption are unchanged, and the water and fertilizer consumption of drip irrigation is reduced by two thirds; in sunny days, the temperature is above 5 ℃ and below 30 ℃, 5 times of micro-spraying are carried out at 8 am, 11 am, 12 am, 2 pm and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all wetted until dripping begins, the same water and fertilizer is used for drip irrigation at 10 am and 5 pm, and the water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 30 ℃ or above and is below 35 ℃ in a sunny day or an intermittent sunny day, 8 times of micro-spraying are respectively carried out at 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all moistened till dripping begins, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water and fertilizer at 10 am and 5 pm respectively, and the total water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 35 ℃ or above in sunny days or sunny days, 10 times of micro spraying are respectively carried out at 7 am, 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am, 4 am and 5 am, the pH value of one half to one half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to be about 5.0 by citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water fertilizer dosage is that the stem leaves are all wet, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water fertilizer at 9 am and half am, and the total water fertilizer dosage is 1.0L to 1.5L per blueberry basin;
s6, applying 50-80 g of high-quality bio-organic fertilizer to each pot in the seventh day after the planting of the southern high-bush potted blueberry, and applying the bio-organic fertilizer once a month later, wherein the dosage is 50-100 g. And (3) carrying out micro-spraying and drip irrigation once on the last day every 15 days, and applying the medium and trace element fertilizer with the normal use concentration of 50% once by combining the micro-spraying and drip irrigation. When the growth period is reached, in the evening of 10-15 days every other day, micro-spraying and drip irrigation are added, wherein the pH value of a water-soluble compound fertilizer solution with one third of the normal use concentration is adjusted to be about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the micro-spraying water fertilizer dosage is until the stem leaves are completely wet, and the drip irrigation water fertilizer dosage is 0.4-0.8 liter per pot of blueberries. In addition, drip irrigation is added once every month, the pH value of irrigation water is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and the water drips through the bag soil of the potted blueberry until the water seeps out for 1 to 3 minutes;
s7, when the southern high-cluster potted blueberry grows from a vigorous day to a cool day and the temperature is below 15 ℃ at night, and the growth amount reaches the target, the water dripping amount is gradually reduced every day, the micro-spraying times are gradually reduced after 7 to 10 days, and the plants are controlled not to grow or to grow less and young but not to wither so as to promote nutrient accumulation, flower bud formation and relative concentration of flower formation.
2. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the materials include but are not limited to ammonium sulfate (or ammonium bisulfate), citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, high-quality bio-organic fertilizer, medium and trace element fertilizer, water-soluble compound fertilizer and the like.
3. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the water includes at least one of tap water, irrigation water, ground water, well water, river water, lake water, reservoir water, natural ponding, and the like.
4. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: determining the cultivated land area, determining the volume of the potted blueberry substrate and the potted blueberry quantity according to the different planting targets and the characteristics of the southern high bush potted blueberry varieties, adjusting the pH value of the substrate to 4.5-5.5, adjusting the substrate proportion according to the characteristics of the southern high bush potted blueberry varieties, installing corresponding water-fertilizer integrated systems according to the cultivation requirements, and keeping the temperature in a protective ground shed at 5 ℃ or above. The efficient cultivation aims at realizing the comprehensive application of leaves, stems and roots and the water and fertilizer control supply meeting the full-nutrition supply, and meeting the requirements of the quick growth and the control development of the potted blueberry.
5. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the determined area needing water and fertilizer application, 2-4 drop arrows are installed on each potted blueberry, and micro-spray simulating light rain and capable of uniformly spraying is arranged above the protected area in an overhead mode.
6. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: one day before planting the south high-bush potted blue, regulating the pH value of a solution of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate which is half to one thousandth of the zero point of the solution to 4.5 to 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and then thoroughly watering the planted seedlings for one time.
7. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: after planting the southern highbush potted blues, regulating the pH value of a solution of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate which is half to half of zero to one thousandth of the pH value of the solution to 4.5 to 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and completely pouring the potted blueberries into the whole bag of the matrix once.
8. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: beginning the next day after planting the Nangao potted blues, adjusting the pH value of one to five thousandths of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution to be about 5.0 by respectively micro-spraying citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid at 8 am and 4 pm every day when the temperature is more than 5 ℃ and less than 30 ℃ and the relative humidity is less than 90% on the day sunny and cloudy days, wherein the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all moistened till the beginning of dripping, the same water and fertilizer is respectively used for drip irrigation at 10 am and 5 pm once, and the water and fertilizer consumption is that each potted blueberry is 0.6 liter to 1.0 liter; when the relative humidity is 90% or more in cloudy days, the micro-spraying times and the water and fertilizer consumption are unchanged, and the water and fertilizer consumption of drip irrigation is reduced by two thirds; in sunny days, the temperature is above 5 ℃ and below 30 ℃, 5 times of micro-spraying are carried out at 8 am, 11 am, 12 am, 2 pm and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all wetted until dripping begins, the same water and fertilizer is used for drip irrigation at 10 am and 5 pm, and the water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 30 ℃ or above and is below 35 ℃ in a sunny day or an intermittent sunny day, 8 times of micro-spraying are respectively carried out at 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am and 4 pm every day, the pH value of one-half to one-half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water and fertilizer consumption is that stem leaves are all moistened till dripping begins, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water and fertilizer at 10 am and 5 pm respectively, and the total water and fertilizer consumption is 1.0 liter per blueberry basin; when the temperature is 35 ℃ or above in sunny days or sunny days, 10 times of micro-spraying are respectively carried out at 7 am, 8 am, 9 am, 11 am, 12 am, 1 am, 2 am, 3 am, 4 am and 5 am, the pH value of one half to one half of ammonium bisulfate or ammonium sulfate solution is adjusted to be about 5.0 by citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the water fertilizer dosage is that the stem leaves are all wet, the drip irrigation is carried out by using the same water fertilizer at 9 am and half am, and the total water fertilizer dosage is 1.0L to 1.5L per blueberry basin.
9. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and (3) applying 50-80 g of bio-organic fertilizer to each pot in the seventh day after the southern high-bush potted blueberry is planted, and applying the bio-organic fertilizer once a month later, wherein the dosage is 50-100 g. And (3) carrying out micro-spraying and drip irrigation once on the last day every 15 days, and applying the medium and trace element fertilizer with the normal use concentration of 50% once by combining the micro-spraying and drip irrigation. When the growth period is reached, in the evening of 10-15 days every other day, micro-spraying and drip irrigation are added, wherein the pH value of a water-soluble compound fertilizer solution with one third of the normal use concentration is adjusted to be about 5.0 by using citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, the micro-spraying water fertilizer dosage is until the stem leaves are completely wet, and the drip irrigation water fertilizer dosage is 0.4-0.8 liter per pot of blueberries. In addition, drip irrigation is added once every month, the pH value of irrigation water is adjusted to be about 5.0 by citric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and the water drips through the potted blueberry bag soil until the water seeps out for 1 to 3 minutes.
10. The method for efficiently cultivating high-bush blueberry in the protected area as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the south high-bush potted blue is planted to change from vigorous days to cold days, the temperature is below 15 ℃ at night, when the growth amount reaches the target, the water dripping amount is gradually reduced every day, the micro-spraying times are also gradually reduced after 7 to 10 days, the plants are controlled not to grow or to grow less and new shoots, but the withering standard does not appear, so that the relative concentration of nutrition accumulation, flower bud formation and flower formation is promoted.
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