CN113330999A - Method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acidic soil region - Google Patents
Method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acidic soil region Download PDFInfo
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- CN113330999A CN113330999A CN202110807022.9A CN202110807022A CN113330999A CN 113330999 A CN113330999 A CN 113330999A CN 202110807022 A CN202110807022 A CN 202110807022A CN 113330999 A CN113330999 A CN 113330999A
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- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 235000009604 Chrysanthemum X morifolium Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 5
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention provides a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south, which comprises the following steps: 1) modifying soil; 2) selecting seeds, culturing seedlings, soaking the seeds in warm water at 40-50 ℃ for 4-6 hours, uniformly mixing the soaked seeds with wet river sand, accelerating germination, and planting the seeds into a nutrition cup after the seeds are exposed to the white color; 3) seedling and transplanting; 4) and (2) field management, spraying water to seedlings immediately after transplanting, spraying water 1 time every day, spraying thiophanate methyl and 0.01% brassinolide once any one day in the first 3 days, transplanting to grow new leaves 7 days later, spraying a leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after 6 leaves grow, loosening the soil, weeding, and spraying the leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after transplanting for 1 month. According to the method, the acid soil is modified, and a specific seedling raising, transplanting and field management method is provided in a matching way, so that the yield of the edible chrysanthemum can be greatly increased, and the edible chrysanthemum can be popularized and cultivated in a large area in acid soil regions in the south.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible chrysanthemum cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south.
Background
After the cultivation for decades, the application value of the chrysanthemum is further expanded, and the application value of the chrysanthemum is expanded to the edible value and the medicinal value from the single ornamental value. A small part of chrysanthemum can also be used as feed for livestock and poultry.
The edible chrysanthemum is rich in protein, superoxide dismutase, plant flavone and various amino acids. Superoxide dismutase is used as the third human life source element, eliminates free radicals in the human body, maintains the vitality of cells, improves the immunity and delays senility. Disease prevention, disease treatment and anti-aging. Plays an irreplaceable role in various diseases which are puzzling the health of human beings. The edible chrysanthemum is a novel vegetable food and can meet the requirement of human on food nutrition. As a nutrient and functional element additive substance, the health-care food can meet more health requirements of people. Meanwhile, the edible chrysanthemum has comprehensive nutrition, and can be eaten by roots, stems, leaves, flowers and seeds, and can meet the growth requirement of livestock and poultry as a grain-free feed, solve the pollution problem of livestock and poultry feeding, and ensure that the feeding environment is more environment-friendly.
The edible chrysanthemum is suitable for being planted in southern acid soil regions because the pH value of the soil is between 6.2 and 6.7. Under the acid soil environment (the pH value of the soil is less than 5.5), the root growth of the edible chrysanthemum is inhibited, and due to the problem of the soil, the yield of the edible chrysanthemum is not high, so that the popularization of the edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing edible chrysanthemum cannot be popularized and cultivated in the acid soil areas in the south.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in south comprises the following steps:
1) soil modification
Selecting a planting field meeting specific conditions in an acid soil area in south, and adjusting the pH value of the soil of the planting field to be between 6.2 and 6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying an alkaline fertilizer in a matching manner;
2) seed selection and seedling raising
Selecting edible chrysanthemum seeds with full and rich grains, soaking the seeds for 4-6 hours in warm water at 40-50 ℃, uniformly mixing the soaked seeds with wet river sand, accelerating germination at the room temperature of 20-27 ℃, keeping the accelerating germination humidity at 60%, planting the seeds in nutrition cups after the seeds are exposed to be white, wherein 1-2 seeds are planted in each cup, the temperature is kept between 25-35 ℃, the sunlight is sufficient, and the seedling cultivation time is 3 late ten days of each year;
3) transplanting of seedlings
Transplanting the edible chrysanthemum seedlings to a planting field when the seeds grow into seedlings, the leaves of the seedlings grow into 3 conifers, the length of the conifers reaches 15-20 cm, and the average temperature of soil of the planting field reaches more than 20 ℃;
4) management of field
Spraying water to the seedlings immediately after transplanting, spraying water 1 time every day, spraying thiophanate methyl and 0.01% brassinolide once any one day of the first 3 days, transplanting to grow new leaves 7 days later, spraying leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after 6 leaves are grown, loosening the soil, weeding, spraying leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after transplanting for 1 month, and growing the seedlings into plants.
Preferably, the application amount of the quicklime powder is 0.6t/hm2。
Preferably, the step of adjusting the pH value of the soil of the planting field to 6.2-6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying alkaline fertilizer cooperatively comprises the following steps:
the pH value of the soil of the planting field is adjusted to be between 6.2 and 6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying alkaline fertilizer together for 3 years each year.
Preferably, in the step of 1) modifying soil, the method further comprises:
and adding organic fertilizer and sand into the soil of the planting field.
Preferably, the thiophanate-methyl and the 0.01% brassinolide are respectively added into water to be mixed and then sprayed, and the mixing proportion is as follows: thiophanate-methyl and 0.01% brassinolide: water 1: 800-.
Preferably, in the step of 3) transplanting seedlings, the method further comprises the following steps:
spraying a foliar fertilizer every day 3 days before the transplantation of the seedlings, and spraying the foliar fertilizer and water after the transplantation of the seedlings, wherein the foliar fertilizer and the water are mixed according to the ratio of 1: 500.
Preferably, in the step of 3) transplanting seedlings, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the seedlings are transplanted, firstly digging holes in the planting field and watering, then planting the seedlings into the holes, covering soil and compacting, and applying 150 g of organic fertilizer in each hole.
Preferably, in the step of 3) transplanting seedlings, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the seedlings are transplanted, the row spacing of the seedlings is controlled to be 90 cm, and the plant spacing is controlled to be 60 cm.
Preferably, in the step 4) of field management, the method further comprises:
when the plant height of the edible chrysanthemum exceeds 1 meter, the head and the heart of the dish are removed, the plant can rapidly generate axillary buds, and the bud amount is promoted to increase.
Preferably, in the step 4) of field management, the method further comprises:
in the late middle ten days of each 6 months, the plants enter the bud appearing period, and foliar fertilizer is sprayed once when more than half of the bud appearing plants appear per mu.
Compared with the prior art: the acid soil is modified, so that a foundation is provided for improving the yield of the edible chrysanthemum, a specific seedling raising, transplanting and field management method is provided under the specific soil environment, the pest and disease control and nutrient substance supplement of the edible chrysanthemum are fully combined, the yield of the edible chrysanthemum can be greatly improved, and the edible chrysanthemum can be widely popularized and cultivated in acid soil areas in the south.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The invention provides a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum from soil improvement, seed selection, seedling culture, transplantation and field management, aiming at solving the problem that the edible chrysanthemum cannot be popularized and cultivated in acid soil regions in the south at present, so that the edible chrysanthemum can be popularized and cultivated in a large area in the acid soil regions in the south.
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, several embodiments of the invention are set forth below. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Example 1
The first embodiment of the invention provides a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in south, which comprises the following steps:
1) soil modification
Selecting a planting field meeting specific conditions in an acid soil area in south, and adjusting the pH value of the soil of the planting field to be between 6.2 and 6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying an alkaline fertilizer in a matching manner;
2) seed selection and seedling raising
Selecting edible chrysanthemum seeds with full and rich grains, soaking the seeds for 4-6 hours in warm water at 40-50 ℃, uniformly mixing the soaked seeds with wet river sand, accelerating germination at the room temperature of 20-27 ℃, keeping the accelerating germination humidity at 60%, planting the seeds in nutrition cups after the seeds are exposed to be white, wherein 1-2 seeds are planted in each cup, the temperature is kept between 25-35 ℃, the sunlight is sufficient, and the seedling cultivation time is 3 late ten days of each year;
3) transplanting of seedlings
Transplanting the edible chrysanthemum seedlings to a planting field when the seeds grow into seedlings, the leaves of the seedlings grow into 3 conifers, the length of the conifers reaches 15-20 cm, and the average temperature of soil of the planting field reaches more than 20 ℃;
4) management of field
Spraying water to the seedlings immediately after transplanting, spraying water 1 time every day, spraying thiophanate methyl and 0.01% brassinolide once any one day of the first 3 days, transplanting to grow new leaves 7 days later, spraying leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after 6 leaves are grown, loosening the soil, weeding, spraying leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after transplanting for 1 month, and growing the seedlings into plants.
Specifically, in the step 1) of modifying the soil, the specific conditions comprise better irrigation drainage conditions and proper hydrothermal light and temperature conditions, namely, the field blocks with better irrigation drainage conditions and proper hydrothermal light and temperature conditions are selected as planting field blocks in acid soil areas in south China, so that the edible chrysanthemum can be planted in the subsequent process. In addition, in the process of adjusting the pH value of the soil of the planting field, quicklime powder and alkaline fertilizers, wherein the alkaline fertilizers can include but are not limited to calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers, can be repeatedly applied to the soil of the planting field, so that the pH value of the soil can be repeatedly adjusted, and the pH value of the soil can be tested once each adjustment.
Specifically, in the step 2) of soil modification, in general, after accelerating germination for 24 hours, the seeds are exposed (representing germination), at this time, the exposed seeds can be planted into a nutrition cup, 1-2 seeds are planted in each cup, so that the seeds can further germinate and grow in the nutrition cup, the nutrition cup is filled with a nutrient solution for providing the germination and growth of the seeds, and when the seedlings are cultured in the nutrition cup, the temperature is required to be kept between 25 ℃ and 35 ℃, and sufficient sunlight can be irradiated.
In addition, it should be noted that it is particularly important to perform warm water soaking on seeds during germination accelerating process, especially to control water temperature, soaking time and humidity, which directly relates to germination accelerating success rate.
Specifically, in the step of 3) seedling raising and transplanting, when the leaves of the seedlings grow 3 needles and the length of the needles reaches 15-20 cm, if the average temperature of the soil of the planting field does not reach more than 20 ℃, the seedlings can be transplanted in a delayed way, or the soil of the planting field is heated by a specific technology (such as a ground temperature system and a greenhouse system) to ensure that the average temperature of the soil of the planting field reaches more than 20 ℃, so that the seedlings transplanted on the planting field can not be frostbitten, and the survival rate after transplanting is improved.
Specifically, in the step 4) of field management, the sprayed thiophanate-methyl, 0.01% brassinolide, foliar fertilizer and other substances are mixed with water according to a specific proportion and then sprayed on the seedling body, and as the water is sprayed for 1 time every day after the seedlings are transplanted, if the thiophanate-methyl, 0.01% brassinolide and/or foliar fertilizer needs to be sprayed on the seedling body on the same day, the thiophanate-methyl, 0.01% brassinolide and/or foliar fertilizer can be added into the water body when the water is sprayed on the seedling body on the same day.
Example 2
The second embodiment of the invention also provides a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in the acid soil area in south, which comprises the following steps:
1) soil modification
Selecting planting fields with better irrigation and drainage conditions and suitable hydrothermal light and temperature conditions in acid soil areas in south, continuously adjusting the pH value of the soil of the planting fields to 6.2-6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying alkaline fertilizer together every year for 3 years, adding organic fertilizer and sand into the soil, improving the physical structure of the soil, increasing the content and porosity of organic matters in the soil, creating conditions for the growth of edible chrysanthemum, wherein the application amount of the quicklime powder is 0.6t/hm2(ton/hectare);
2) seed selection and seedling raising
Selecting edible chrysanthemum seeds with full and rich grains, soaking the seeds for 4-6 hours in warm water at 40-50 ℃, uniformly mixing the soaked seeds with wet river sand, accelerating germination at the room temperature of 20-27 ℃, keeping the accelerating germination humidity at 60%, planting the seeds in nutrition cups after the seeds are exposed to be white, wherein 1-2 seeds are planted in each cup, the temperature is kept between 25-35 ℃, the sunlight is sufficient, and the seedling cultivation time is 3 late ten days of each year;
3) transplanting of seedlings
When the seeds grow into seedlings, leaves of the seedlings grow into 3 conifers, the length of the conifers reaches 15-20 cm, and the average temperature of soil of a planting field block reaches above 20 ℃, the edible chrysanthemum seedlings can be transplanted on the planting field block, foliar fertilizer is sprayed once every day 3 days before the seedlings are transplanted, the seedlings are not slow after the seedlings are transplanted, wherein the foliar fertilizer and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1: 500 and then sprayed; when the seedlings are transplanted, firstly digging holes in the planting field and watering, then planting the seedlings into the holes, covering soil and compacting, ensuring that the row spacing of the seedlings is controlled at 90 cm, the plant spacing is controlled at 60 cm, applying 100 grams of organic fertilizer and 150 grams of organic fertilizer in each hole, and enabling the seedlings to bloom in the current year with the growth period of more than 150 days after transplanting and not blooming in the next year;
4) management of field
Spraying water to seedlings immediately after the seedlings are transplanted, spraying water 1 time every day, spraying thiophanate methyl and 0.01% brassinolide once any one day in the first 3 days, transplanting new leaves 7 days later, spraying a leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after 6 leaves grow, loosening soil and weeding, spraying a leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after transplanting for 1 month, and then spraying the leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once, wherein the seedlings grow into plants, and can be used as vegetables and feed for cattle and sheep pigs in the period of harvesting leaves, the harvest amount per mu is more than 500 jin, when the height of the plants eating chrysanthemum exceeds 1 m, removing heads and selling flowering cores (the functional vegetables), so that the plants rapidly emit axillary buds, promoting the amount of buds to increase, enabling the plants to enter the bud period in the next 6 months every year, and spraying the leaf fertilizer once when more than half of bud plants appear in each mu.
Wherein, thiophanate methyl and 0.01 percent brassinolide are respectively added into water to be mixed and then sprayed, and the mixing proportion is as follows: thiophanate-methyl and 0.01% brassinolide: water 1: 800-. The spraying time is preferably the same day of transplantation or every other day of transplantation, and is most preferably every other day of transplantation.
Example 3
The third embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south, wherein the cultivation method of this embodiment is different from the cultivation method of the first or second embodiment in that the cultivation method of this embodiment further comprises the following steps of 4) field management:
5) honey gathering
When the bud plants bloom, entering a honey collection period, preparing bees to enter a field for honey collection, and ending the honey collection period to 11 months.
6) Superoxide dismutase extraction
And harvesting the plants to extract superoxide dismutase.
In summary, the method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in the acid soil region in south of the invention has at least the following technical effects:
1) the acid soil is modified, so that a foundation is provided for improving the yield of the edible chrysanthemum;
2) because the alkaline soil modified by the acid soil still has difference in soil components with the original alkaline soil, the embodiment provides a specific seedling raising, transplanting and field management method under the specific soil environment, fully combines pest control and nutrient substance supplement of the edible chrysanthemum, and can greatly improve the yield of the edible chrysanthemum, so that the edible chrysanthemum can be popularized and cultivated in large area in acid soil areas in south;
3) the cultivation and planting method of the invention considers multiple purposes of edible chrysanthemum in different time periods, such as: in the chrysanthemum planting period, the chrysanthemum can be used as a tourist spot; the chrysanthemum leaves can be used as human and livestock feed; chrysanthemum honey can be picked; finally, superoxide dismutase can be extracted from edible chrysanthemum plants, and the products are processed into health products.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) soil modification
Selecting a planting field meeting specific conditions in an acid soil area in south, and adjusting the pH value of the soil of the planting field to be between 6.2 and 6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying an alkaline fertilizer in a matching manner;
2) seed selection and seedling raising
Selecting edible chrysanthemum seeds with full and rich grains, soaking the seeds for 4-6 hours in warm water at 40-50 ℃, uniformly mixing the soaked seeds with wet river sand, accelerating germination at the room temperature of 20-27 ℃, keeping the accelerating germination humidity at 60%, planting the seeds in nutrition cups after the seeds are exposed to be white, wherein 1-2 seeds are planted in each cup, the temperature is kept between 25-35 ℃, the sunlight is sufficient, and the seedling cultivation time is 3 late ten days of each year;
3) transplanting of seedlings
Transplanting the edible chrysanthemum seedlings to a planting field when the seeds grow into seedlings, the leaves of the seedlings grow into 3 conifers, the length of the conifers reaches 15-20 cm, and the average temperature of soil of the planting field reaches more than 20 ℃;
4) management of field
Spraying water to the seedlings immediately after transplanting, spraying water 1 time every day, spraying thiophanate methyl and 0.01% brassinolide once any one day of the first 3 days, transplanting to grow new leaves 7 days later, spraying leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after 6 leaves are grown, loosening the soil, weeding, spraying leaf fertilizer and 0.01% brassinolide once after transplanting for 1 month, and growing the seedlings into plants.
2. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1, wherein the quicklime powder is applied in an amount of 0.6t/hm2。
3. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of adjusting the pH value of the soil of the cultivated field to 6.2-6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying alkaline fertilizer together comprises:
the pH value of the soil of the planting field is adjusted to be between 6.2 and 6.7 by applying quicklime powder and applying alkaline fertilizer together for 3 years each year.
4. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1, wherein in the step of 1) soil modification, the method further comprises:
and adding organic fertilizer and sand into the soil of the planting field.
5. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in acid soil areas in the south as claimed in claim 1, wherein thiophanate methyl and 0.01% brassinolide are respectively added into water to be mixed and then sprayed, and the mixing ratio is as follows: thiophanate-methyl and 0.01% brassinolide: water 1: 800-.
6. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1, wherein in the step of 3) seedling transplantation, the method further comprises:
spraying a foliar fertilizer every day 3 days before the transplantation of the seedlings, and spraying the foliar fertilizer and water after the transplantation of the seedlings, wherein the foliar fertilizer and the water are mixed according to the ratio of 1: 500.
7. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1, wherein in the step of 3) seedling transplantation, the method further comprises:
when the seedlings are transplanted, firstly digging holes in the planting field and watering, then planting the seedlings into the holes, covering soil and compacting, and applying 150 g of organic fertilizer in each hole.
8. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1 or 7, wherein in the step of 3) seedling transplantation, the method further comprises:
when the seedlings are transplanted, the row spacing of the seedlings is controlled to be 90 cm, and the plant spacing is controlled to be 60 cm.
9. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1, wherein in the step of 4) field management, the method further comprises:
when the plant height of the edible chrysanthemum exceeds 1 meter, the head and the heart of the dish are removed, the plant can rapidly generate axillary buds, and the bud amount is promoted to increase.
10. The method for cultivating edible chrysanthemum in southern acid soil area according to claim 1, wherein in the step of 4) field management, the method further comprises:
in the late middle ten days of each 6 months, the plants enter the bud appearing period, and foliar fertilizer is sprayed once when more than half of the bud appearing plants appear per mu.
Priority Applications (1)
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