CN113100358A - Artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects - Google Patents
Artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3481—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects. The artificial feed comprises soybean meal, yeast powder, vitamin C, agar, linseed oil, 36vol% acetic acid, aureomycin, sorbic acid, sodium diacetate and water. The artificial feed can promote the growth and development of target insect larvae, promote the pupation rate and eclosion rate of the larvae, and improve the egg laying rate of adults and the hatching rate of eggs. Meanwhile, the feed can be kept to be not easy to mildew and rot in the later stage, and the feed is suitable for artificial mass feeding of indoor target insect larvae. The artificial feed is prepared by simple and easy manual stirring and uniform mixing, is quickly formed, is simple to operate, is economic and environment-friendly, and has remarkable ecological, economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological pest control, and particularly relates to an artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects.
Background
Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera) is the 2 nd largest order next to Coleoptera in Insecta, has a very wide distribution range and is most abundant in tropical species. Most kinds of larvae damage various agriculture and forestry plants, and the larger larvae usually eat leaves or bore branches completely. Smaller patients often roll leaves, affix leaves, scable, spit and net or dig into plant tissues to eat, and adults mostly take nectar and the like as supplementary nutrition, or mouth organs are degraded and do not eat any more, which generally does not cause direct harm. The pests such as apple leaf roller moth, cotton bollworm, plutella xylostella, xyloplutella xylostella, gypsy moth, masson pine moth, prodenia litura and spodoptera frugiperda are many, and serious economic and ecological losses are brought to agriculture and forestry production in China.
Wherein, cotton bollworm: (Helicoverpa armigera) The pest is a main target pest in various large cotton planting areas in China, and field populations of the pest can also eat various important crops such as wheat, peanuts, corns and the like while harming cotton, so that great economic loss is brought to agricultural production in China. The wide planting of transgenic insect-resistant cotton expressing Bt insecticidal protein and the application of natural shelter strategy are important means for preventing and controlling cotton boll insect pests and delaying the field population resistance evolution in China at present. For further research, a large number of healthy and consistently developing cotton bollworms were required as test materials. In addition, cotton bollworm is one of the raw materials required for the production of insect viruses such as NPV. Therefore, the artificial feeding of the bollworms is very important, and the key of the artificial feeding is artificial feed.
The method is not limited by factors such as hosts, seasons and the like, can artificially breed certain types of target insects, and can be directly used for research on insect nutrition physiology, insect biology, pest control and the like. The method optimizes the formula of the artificial feeding feed for the lepidoptera insects such as cotton bollworms, optimizes the feeding technology, establishes the artificial feeding strains of the insects, continuously provides a large number of high-quality healthy, well-developed and full-age target insects for experimental research, and is an important basis for biological research of the target insects at present. Since the first publication of wheat germ-casein artificial feed of Helicoverpa americana by Vanderzant et al in 1962, there have been many reports at home and abroad. The artificial feed has the problems of easy mildew, no long-term storage and influence on the growth cycle of insects. Currently, common preservatives include sorbic acid, formaldehyde, parabens, sodium benzoate, and the like, but still have some problems. Firstly, the preservative effect of the preservatives is poor, and a large amount of microorganisms still breed; secondly, these preservatives have a certain toxicity, making the bollworm larvae die more during the rearing process. In addition, the phenomena of larval weight, pupal weight reduction, oviposition amount reduction and the like occur due to the disturbance of beneficial microbial flora in insect intestinal tracts caused by the action of the preservative, the growth and development of the insects are seriously influenced, and the problems are urgently solved in the artificial feeding process. Currently, there is no report on improving various growth indexes of insects by artificial feed for optimizing the type and proportion of preservatives. Therefore, the development of an artificial feed which can promote the growth of insects and can prevent corrosion is of great significance in artificial feeding.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of poor anti-corrosion effect, diapause and death caused by toxicity to cotton bollworm feeding and the like of the current cotton bollworm feed, the invention provides the artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidoptera insects. The artificial feed has excellent preservative effect lasting for over 30 days, and can promote the growth and propagation of bollworm.
In order to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an artificial feed capable of promoting growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following raw material formula: soybean flour, yeast powder, vitamin C, agar, linseed oil, 36vol% acetic acid, chlortetracycline, sorbic acid, sodium diacetate and water.
An artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following components in raw material formula: 70-90 g of soybean meal, 20-40 g of yeast powder, 4-8 g of vitamin C, 30-50 g of agar, 5-10 mL of linseed oil, 10-20 mL of 36vol% acetic acid, 0.1-1 g of aureomycin, 0.5-2 g of sorbic acid, 0.5-2 g of sodium diacetate and 800-1000 mL of water.
Preferably, the raw material formula of the artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following components: 80 g of soybean meal, 40 g of yeast powder, 5 g of vitamin C, 40 g of agar, 0.5 g of aureomycin, 1 g of sorbic acid, 2 g of sodium diacetate, 7 mL of linseed oil, 13 mL of 36vol% acetic acid and 1000mL of water.
The preparation method of the artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the raw material formula;
(2) pouring water into a pot, heating and boiling, pouring the weighed agar into the pot, and quickly stirring and dissolving;
(3) and pouring the other residual raw material components into the pot, and quickly and uniformly stirring until all the raw materials are uniformly stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
The artificial feed for promoting the growth of the lepidoptera insects is used for feeding the lepidoptera insects.
Preferably, the lepidopteran insect is selected from the group consisting of cotton bollworm (A), (B), (C), (DHelicoverpa armigera) (ii) Bombycis MoriLymantria xylina) Gypsy moth (c)Lymantria dispar) Pine moth (A. Merrill.) (Dendrolimus punctatus) (ii) Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera litura) And Spodoptera frugiperda (Spodoptera frugiperda) (II)Spodoptera frugiperda) One kind of (1).
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidoptera insects prepared by the invention can promote the normal development of target insect larvae, increase the pupation rate and eclosion rate of the larvae and improve the egg laying rate and egg hatching rate of adults. Meanwhile, the artificial feed prepared by the invention has long storage period, is not easy to mildew and rot during storage, and is suitable for artificial mass feeding of indoor target insect larvae. The artificial feed is prepared by simple and easy manual stirring and uniform mixing, is quickly formed, is simple to operate, is economic and environment-friendly, and has remarkable ecological, economic and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the mildew of the artificial feed of the present invention and the artificial feed of the control group within 30 days.
FIG. 2 shows the mildew of each feed in 30 days of feeding with different artificial feeds.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the technical content and operation of the present invention in detail, the following embodiments are further described.
Example 1
An artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following components in raw material formula: 80 g of soybean meal, 40 g of yeast powder, 5 g of vitamin C, 40 g of agar, 0.5 g of aureomycin, 1 g of sorbic acid, 2 g of sodium diacetate, 7 mL of linseed oil, 13 mL of 36% acetic acid and 1000mL of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing 80 g of soybean meal, 40 g of yeast powder, 5 g of vitamin C, 40 g of agar, 0.5 g of aureomycin, 1 g of sorbic acid and 2 g of sodium diacetate by using a balance, and taking 7 mL of linseed oil, 13 mL of 36vol% acetic acid and 1000mL of water by using a measuring cylinder;
the second step is that: pouring water into a pot, heating and boiling, pouring the weighed agar into the pot, and quickly stirring and dissolving;
the third step: and pouring all other materials into the pot, and quickly and uniformly stirring until all the raw materials are uniformly stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
Example 2
An artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following components in raw material formula: 70 g of soybean meal, 40 g of yeast powder, 4 g of vitamin C, 50 g of agar, 5 mL of linseed oil, 20 mL of 36vol% acetic acid, 1 g of aureomycin, 0.5 g of sorbic acid, 0.5 g of sodium diacetate and 800 mL of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing the raw material components according to the raw material formula;
the second step is that: pouring water into a pot, heating and boiling, pouring the weighed agar into the pot, and quickly stirring and dissolving;
the third step: and pouring all other materials into the pot, and quickly and uniformly stirring until all the raw materials are uniformly stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
Example 3
An artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidoptera insects comprises the following components in raw material formula: 90 g of soybean meal, 20 g of yeast powder, 8 g of vitamin C, 30 g of agar, 10 mL of linseed oil, 10 mL of 36vol% acetic acid, 0.1 g of aureomycin, 2 g of sorbic acid, 1 g of sodium diacetate and 900 mL of water.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: weighing the raw material components according to the raw material formula;
the second step is that: pouring water into a pot, heating and boiling, pouring the weighed agar into the pot, and quickly stirring and dissolving;
the third step: and pouring all other materials into the pot, and quickly and uniformly stirring until all the raw materials are uniformly stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
Example 4 comparison of Artificial feed with different preservatives for Heliothis armigera
1. Artificial feed formula for different cotton bollworms
In order to optimize the artificial feed, the national standard GB/T19567.3 cotton bollworm artificial feed is used as a basis, the mixture ratio of each component is optimized, and meanwhile, the existing artificial feed is used as a control group to prepare the cotton bollworm artificial feed according to each feed formula (table 1).
TABLE 1 Artificial feed formula for bollworm larvae
2. Artificial breeding of bollworm
The 6 kinds of artificial feed prepared in the above way are adopted to feed the cotton bollworm larvae. The incubated bollworm larvae were placed in six well plates, one bollworm larva per well, 30 per group. The cotton bollworm initially hatched larvae are hatched by the same batch of egg cards, so that the hatched larvae have no obvious difference in various aspects of biological physiology. The feed is cut into blocks in groups, the added feed blocks are sufficient and can be provided enough for cotton bollworm to pupate, and the feed is not changed in midway. When the bollworm eclosion occurs, preparing gauze to allow the bollworm to lay eggs, collecting egg cards, and waiting for the bollworm eggs to hatch. And recording the weight, pupa weight, pupation rate, eclosion rate, pupation time and eclosion time of the cotton bollworms in each period under different feed feeding conditions, and the egg laying amount and egg hatching rate of the eclosion adult insects after mating. And the mildewing and deterioration conditions of each artificial feed are observed within thirty days.
Statistics of results
After the artificial feed is used, the pupation rate, the emergence rate, the daily average egg laying amount and the egg hatching rate of the cotton bollworms are obviously higher than those of a control group (table 2). And the phenomenon of abnormal weight of the cotton bollworms in a certain period does not occur, the normal growth and development of the larvae and pupae can be ensured, and the difference among feeds is not obvious.
TABLE 2 comparison table of artificial feed for breeding bollworm larvae of different formulas
Note: the data in the table are mean values ± standard deviation, and the data in the same column in the table have different letters to indicate that the difference is significant through a least dominant difference method (LSD) (P < 0.05).
EXAMPLE 5 Artificial feed preservative Effect of different preservatives
TABLE 3 different artificial feed formulations
Compared with the artificial feed of a control group formula, the artificial feed prepared by using sorbic acid and sodium diacetate as preservatives has no mildew phenomenon basically within 30 days of feeding, and has good preservative effect (figure 1). When the proportion of sorbic acid and sodium diacetate is changed, the effect of the feed can be maintained for more than 30 days (figure 2). The proportion of sorbic acid and sodium diacetate used as the preservative of the feed has good preservative effect, has no influence on the development of the cotton bollworm and also has promoting effect. The invention is beneficial to establishing the artificial breeding strain of the cotton bollworm and continuously provides a large amount of high-quality healthy, well-developed and homogeneous-age cotton bollworm test insects for scientific research.
Example 6 feeding of Lymantria dispar larvae with an Artificial feed with different preservatives
Randomly selecting healthy newly hatched larvae which are hatched at the same time from the egg mass, putting the newly hatched larvae into a box for independent feeding, and feeding artificial feeds of an experimental formula, a control formula II and a control formula III respectively. The breeding conditions were 26 deg.C, relative humidity 75%, and photoperiod 12 h:12 h (day: night). Each diet setting was 3 replicates, each replicate approximately 100 larvae. And respectively recording each group of data every day, observing the mildew condition of the feed, and recording the age, survival rate and other conditions of the larvae of the wood moth under different feed feeding conditions. The results show (table 4) that the artificial feed of the invention has lower mildewing rate, can maintain the normal growth and development of the gypsy moth in the larval stage and has higher survival rate.
TABLE 4 comparison of Chorista dispirica larvae raised on artificial diet with different preservatives
Note: the data in the table are mean values ± standard deviation, and the data in the same column in the table have different letters to indicate that the difference is significant through a least dominant difference method (LSD) (P < 0.05).
Example 7 Artificial feed with different preservatives for rearing Wood moth larvae
Randomly selecting healthy newly hatched larvae which are hatched at the same time from the egg mass, putting the newly hatched larvae into a box for independent feeding, and feeding artificial feeds of a test formula, a control formula II and a control formula III respectively, wherein each feed is set to be 3 in number, and each feed is repeated for 100 larvae. The breeding conditions were 25 ℃, relative humidity was 75%, and photoperiod was 14 h:10 h (day: night). And respectively recording each group of data every day, observing the mildew condition of the feed, and recording the age, survival rate and other conditions of the larvae of the wood moth under different feed feeding conditions. The results show (table 5) that the artificial feed of the invention can maintain the normal growth and development of the larvae of the wood moth, and the whole development period of the larvae is relatively short.
TABLE 5 comparison of larvae of Arctia xylostella fed with artificial feed with different preservatives
Note: the data in the table are mean values ± standard deviation, and the data in the same column in the table have different letters to indicate that the difference is significant through a least dominant difference method (LSD) (P < 0.05).
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth herein. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. The invention disclosed and defined herein extends to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or evident from the text. The embodiments described herein explain the best modes known for practicing the invention and will enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An artificial feed capable of promoting growth of lepidoptera insects is characterized by comprising soybean meal, yeast powder, vitamin C, agar, linseed oil, 36vol% acetic acid, aureomycin, sorbic acid, sodium diacetate and water.
2. The artificial feed capable of promoting the growth of lepidopteran insects according to claim 1, wherein the raw material formula comprises the following components: 70-90 g of soybean meal, 20-40 g of yeast powder, 4-8 g of vitamin C, 30-50 g of agar, 5-10 mL of linseed oil, 10-20 mL of 36vol% acetic acid, 0.1-1 g of aureomycin, 0.5-2 g of sorbic acid, 0.5-2 g of sodium diacetate and 800-1000 mL of water.
3. The artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidopteran insects according to claim 2, wherein said artificial feed comprises: the raw material formula comprises the following components: 80 g of soybean meal, 40 g of yeast powder, 5 g of vitamin C, 40 g of agar, 7 mL of linseed oil, 13 mL of 36vol% acetic acid, 0.5 g of aureomycin, 1 g of sorbic acid and 2 g of sodium diacetate and 1000mL of water.
4. A method of preparing an artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidopteran insects according to claim 1, wherein said artificial feed comprises a feed mixture of lepidopteran insects; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components according to the raw material formula;
(2) pouring water into a pot, heating and boiling, pouring the weighed agar into the pot, and quickly stirring and dissolving;
(3) and pouring the rest raw material components into a pot, and quickly and uniformly stirring until all the raw materials are uniformly stirred to obtain the artificial feed.
5. Use of the artificial feed for promoting growth of lepidopteran insects according to claim 1 for feeding lepidopteran insects.
6. The use of an artificial feed for promoting the growth of lepidopteran insects as claimed in claim 5, wherein said artificial feed comprises a feed for feeding lepidopteran insects; the lepidopteran insect is selected from the group consisting of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)Helicoverpa armigera) (ii) Bombycis MoriLymantria xylina) Gypsy moth (c)Lymantria dispar) Pine moth (A. Merrill.) (Dendrolimus punctatus) (ii) Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera litura) And Spodoptera frugiperda (Spodoptera frugiperda) (II)Spodoptera frugiperda) One kind of (1).
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| CN115868584A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-31 | 南京林业大学 | Artificial feed for larvae of Periploca similis, and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |