CN102578432B - Artificial feed preparation and simplified feeding method for Athelis lepigone larva - Google Patents
Artificial feed preparation and simplified feeding method for Athelis lepigone larva Download PDFInfo
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- CN102578432B CN102578432B CN 201210083369 CN201210083369A CN102578432B CN 102578432 B CN102578432 B CN 102578432B CN 201210083369 CN201210083369 CN 201210083369 CN 201210083369 A CN201210083369 A CN 201210083369A CN 102578432 B CN102578432 B CN 102578432B
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Abstract
The invention relates to insect feed and a feeding technique, in particular to artificial feed for Athelis lepigone larvae, a preparation method for the artificial feed and a simplified feeding method using the feed. The artificial feed has the advantages that the formula components and the content are reasonable, the nutrient substances are comprehensive, Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder is used for artificial insect feeding for the first time, the nutrient conditions required by Athelis lepigone to smoothly develop and complete the entire generation can be fully satisfied, and the indexes such as development speed and survival rate of the larvae, pupa weight and egg laying amount of imagoes can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to insect feedstuff and breeding technology, be specifically related to man-made feeds, its preparation method of 2 committee's exigua larvaes and adopt the simplification method for breeding of this feed.
Background technology
2 the committee noctuid (
Athelis lepigone) belonging to the Lepidoptera Noctuidae, known distribution is the new insect that began in recent years serious harm China Huang-Huai-Hai summer corn in China, Japan, Korea, Russia, Europe and other places.Spread in 2011 to 6 provinces, 33 cities () 153 counties, area hm more than 2,200,000 occurs
22 committee noctuids become larva all to like perching in shady and cool shelter, has the lucifuge habit, mainly hide with larva and sting the food maize seedling under broken wheat straw around plant rhizome section or the increased surface covering, cause be short of seedling disconnected ridge even ruin kind, field, become the important pests of harm agricultural production.Still not exclusively clear and definite to its pests occurrence rule and biological characteristics at present, need to set about conducting a research from the indoor and outdoor many-side as early as possible, therefore test enough, that growth is consistent is the basis that guarantees that every test is carried out smoothly with worm.2 committee's exigua larvaes of known indoor feeding have the cannibalism habit when measuring large and deprivation of food in colony, adopt at present the natural feed raisings such as maize leaves, need every day and change foodstuff and single head to raise, complex operation, workload are large, are difficult to enlarge raising scale.Therefore utilize 2 committee's exigua larvae habits to develop its man-made feeds and crucial breeding technology, it is the important foundation of carrying out 2 noctuids researchs of entrusting that extensive, long-term, the subculture of realization examination worm are raised.
The insect artificial diet is basic fundamental and the important means of entomology research, and the history in existing more than 100 year of its research work relates to numerous agriculture and forestry injurious insects and economic insects.From the progress of formula development and the insect classification of raising, belonged to the primary stage of scientific research in front 40 years, the work of this one-phase mainly concentrates on mosquito, fly and the heterophagous storage pest, can only more than 40 plant with the insect that man-made feeds are raised.After the fifties in last century, along with a large amount of uses of organic insecticide, to deeply the requirement of testing insect being increased sharply of agriculture and forestry injurious insect study on prevention and basic scientific research, also accelerated the research work of man-made feeds.Because 2 committee noctuids are the new insects that harm the crops in recent years, also do not have ripe 2 committee's exigua larvae feed formulas and easy breeding technology at present, all remain further to be explored to optimize.
Therefore in sum, want at present to solve in the research work difficult problem to 2 committee's noctuid standard worm source demands, realize that the high-quality of examination worm, in enormous quantities, anniversary, subculture raise, and man-made feeds prescription, preparation and method for breeding are oversimplified, reduce cost, raw material obtain conveniently, favorable anti-corrosion effect, saving of work and time is easy to be widely used, must set about from habit and the every development index of 2 committee noctuids, solve key technical problem.
Summary of the invention
It is easy to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation, suitable 2 man-made feeds that the committee noctuid is raised, thus extensive, long-term, the subculture of realizing 2 committee noctuids are raised.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of these man-made feeds and uses this feed to raise the method for 2 committee noctuids.
The man-made feeds of 2 committee noctuids involved in the present invention are made by following ingredients: corn flour 8.70%; Dusty yeast 3.50%; Soy meal 5.80%; Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder 5.80%; Glucose 4.40%; Sorbic acid 0.29%; Formaldehyde 0.12%; Ascorbic acid 0.29%; B B-complex 0.03%; Agar 1.16%; Water 65.41%, above-mentioned % is weight percentage.
Said components Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder and B B-complex belong to the self-control product, and described Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder is that the airing of Amaranthus retroflexus leaf is done, and grinds, and crosses 300 mesh sieves, makes fine powder; Described B B-complex is comprised of following component: nicotinic acid 25.0-35.0%, riboflavin 12.0-18.0%, thiamine 5.0-10.0%, folic acid 5.0-10.0%, pantothenic acid 25.0-35.0%, pyridoxol 5.0-10.0%, biotin 0.5-1. %0 and cobamide 0.15-0.20%, above-mentioned % is weight percentage.
2 committee's noctuid man-made feeds of the application make according to following steps:
(1) take by weighing in proportion corn flour, dusty yeast, soy meal, Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder, put into triangular flask after stirring, in 120 ℃ of high-pressure steam sterilizing pans the sterilization 2 hours, sterilize complete after, take out A component to be used as;
(2) taken by weighing in proportion glucose, sorbic acid, the two mixing has been mixed as B component and with component A and B component, as component C;
(3) add distilled water in the agar, heat and boil to boiling, until completely dissolved, component C is poured into wherein, firmly stir and to be cooled to 50～60 ℃ of left and right sides for subsequent use as component D;
(4) in proportion formaldehyde, ascorbic acid, B B-complex are put into component D, fully stir evenly;
(5) pour in the sterilization fresh box after described feed stirs, after its complete cooled and solidified, put into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and save backup.
The related using artificial feed of the application is raised the method for simplifying of 2 committee noctuids in enormous quantities, carries out according to the following steps:
(1) first raising of incubating to mature larva: man-made feeds are cut into small pieces, evenly put into the crisper after the sterilization, with writing brush an amount of newly hatched larvae is chosen in the box, cover a sterilizing paper and be placed on insectary in-group raising, aging from just incubating to larva, during need not change feed, the environmental condition in the described insectary is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(2) mature larva is to the raising of pupating: after larva is aging, go in the crisper that is covered with an amount of high-temperature sterilization sand, sterilizing paper covers, and to spinning, pupating, the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(3) pupate to the raising of sprouting wings: pupa is picked in crisper, put into transparent vessel with cover, until adult eclosion, the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(4) sprout wings to the raising of laying eggs: the adult after will sprouting wings changes in the plastics barrel cover that is placed with maize seedling, and the main header casing gauze is laid eggs for it, and sooner or later smear 5% hydromel at gauze and feed every day;
(5) ovum is to the raising of newly hatched larvae: have the gauze of 2 committee's noctuid ovum to take off product, the sterilization of 10% formaldehyde is dried in the air and is placed in the sealing bag to half-dried, cultivates in the insectary until hatching, and the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising.
Man-made feeds recipe ingredient of the present invention and content thereof are reasonable, and nutriment is comprehensive, and first Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder are used for the insect artificial diet, can satisfy 2 committee noctuids fully and grow smoothly, finish required nutritional condition of whole generation.And whole larval phase only need add feed one time, anticorrosion time is long, effective.According to the lucifuge habit of larva, the method for taking sterilizing paper to cover is carried out group breeding, has simplified to greatest extent method for breeding, has alleviated workload simultaneously.Raise the result and show (seeing test tabulation 1), suitable 2 the committee's exigua larvaes of feed of the present invention and method for breeding take food and grow, and can significantly improve larvae development speed, survival rate, pupa and heavily reach the indexs such as Adult worms producting eggs amount.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The raw material of this feed are common nutriment, are easy to obtain, and prescription is simple, and first Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder has been added the insect artificial diet, and the innovation composition is arranged.Manufacture craft is easy, and is with low cost, long shelf-life.And the favorable anti-corrosion effect of this feed, the whole generation need not be changed feed, and simultaneously according to the lucifuge habit of larva, the method for taking sterilizing paper to cover is carried out group breeding, has simplified to greatest extent method for breeding, has alleviated workload and feeding cost.
This feed applicability is strong, 2 committee's noctuid happiness foods, and it is normal to grow.At 27 ℃ of constant temperature, raise 2 18～24 days exigua larvae phases of committee, average 20.51 days under the relative humidity 40-60%, dark condition; Pupa weighs 0.056～0.082g, average 0.065g; Male and female compare 0.827:1; Single female egg laying amount: 243～509, average 345, every development index reflection is good, and this feed can satisfy the nutritional need of 2 committee's whole generations of noctuid fully.
Adopt feed formula of the present invention and simplify 2 committees of method for breeding raising noctuids, overcome a large amount of maize plantings and obtained bright maize leaves, and fresh plant feed high humidity, perishablely need every day and change and the multinomial shortcomings such as single head raising, survival rate of larvae and Adult worms producting eggs amount are improved greatly.And easy and simple to handle, saving of work and time need not that change feed every day and single head is fed, and has alleviated greatly workload and feeding cost, has realized that in enormous quantities, anniversary in standard worm source, subculture raise.
Except as otherwise noted, related " % " of the application all is weight percentage.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with example:
Case study on implementation 1: preparation 1717.5g man-made feeds
Corn flour 150g; Dusty yeast 60g; Soy meal 100g; Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder 100g; Glucose 75g; Sorbic acid 5g; Formaldehyde 2ml; Ascorbic acid 5g; B B-complex 0.5g; Agar 20g; Distilled water 1200ml.
Wherein the prescription of B B-complex is as follows:
Nicotinic acid 0.175g, riboflavin 0.09g, thiamine 0.05g, folic acid 0.025g, pantothenic acid 0.125g, pyridoxol 0.025g, biotin 0.005g and cobamide 0.005g.
The feed compound method:
(1) each component is weighed by proportioning, for subsequent use;
(2) press corn flour, dusty yeast, soy meal, Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder, stir and put into triangular flask, lower sterilization is 2 hours in 120 ℃ of high-pressure steam sterilizing pans, sterilize complete after, take out A component to be used as;
(3) taken by weighing in proportion glucose, sorbic acid, the two has been mixed as B component, and component A and B component have been mixed, as component C;
(4) add in the agar in the 1200ml distilled water, heat and boil to boiling, until completely dissolved, component C is poured into wherein, firmly stir and to be cooled to 50～60 ℃ of left and right sides for subsequent use as component D;
(5) formaldehyde, ascorbic acid, the B B-complex that weigh up are put into component D, stir;
(6) feed that stirs is poured in the sterilization fresh box, after its complete cooled and solidified, put into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and save backup.
The raising of 2 committee noctuids:
In feeding process, should be noted: must strictly carry out sterilization, the sterilizing works of insectary, various breeding facility, raw material and operating environment, accomplish sterile working, the propagation of being strictly on guard against miscellaneous bacteria with spread.
Specifically carry out according to the following steps;
(1) first raising of incubating to mature larva: man-made feeds are cut into small pieces, evenly put into the crisper after the sterilization, with writing brush an amount of newly hatched larvae is chosen in the box, cover a sterilizing paper and be placed on insectary in-group raising, aging from just incubating to larva, during need not change feed, the environmental condition in the described insectary is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(2) mature larva is to the raising of pupating: after larva is aging, go in the crisper that is covered with an amount of high-temperature sterilization sand, sterilizing paper covers, and to spinning, pupating, the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(3) pupate to the raising of sprouting wings: pupa is picked in crisper, put into transparent vessel with cover, until adult eclosion, the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(4) sprout wings to the raising of laying eggs: the adult after will sprouting wings changes in the plastics barrel cover that is placed with maize seedling, and the main header casing gauze is laid eggs for it, and sooner or later smear 5% hydromel at gauze and feed every day;
(5) ovum is to the raising of newly hatched larvae: have the gauze of 2 committee's noctuid ovum to take off product, the sterilization of 10% formaldehyde is dried in the air and is placed in the sealing bag to half-dried, cultivates in the insectary until hatching, and the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising.
After the larva hatching, continue to raise by above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) cycling subculture, required worm source constantly is provided, finish until raise.
Case study on implementation 2: the Piglet s colibacillosis of man-made feeds of the present invention and natural feed maize leaves
1. test material and method:
(1) supply examination worm source: worm 2 consistent committee's exigua larvaes of age that the worm source gathers from the From Shijiazhuang City of Hebei Province field, raising the newly hatched larvae that obtains through the indoors artificial feed is for examination worm source;
(2) for the examination feed:
Natural feed maize leaves: the fresh corn blade that indoor maize planting obtains
Man-made feeds: adopt the application's case study on implementation 1 prepared feed
(3) test method: examination worm method for breeding is with reference to embodiment 1 described method, and every processing repeats for 3 times, and every the repetition for 120 of examination larvas all recorded development duration, pupa weight, survival rate of larvae, adult eclosion rate and the single female egg laying amount of larva in the feeding process.This is tested in July, 2010-2011 and year finishes in Grain Institute, Provincial Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Hebei Provinee laboratory by the end of December.
2. data statistics:
Adopt DPS software that the data obtained is carried out variance analysis and test of significance.
3. experimental result:
Concrete test data sees Table 1, the result shows: raise 2 committee's exigua larvaes with man-made feeds of the present invention, the heavy 0.065g of average pupa, the average development duration of larva 20.51 days, male and female are than being 0.827:1, and average list is female lays eggs 345, compares with natural feed, equal comparatively fresh maize leaf is raised and is significantly improved on the indexs such as 2 committee noctuids raising with man-made feeds weigh at the larva pupa, single female egg laying amount, survival rate of larvae, and this feed ratio natural feed feeding effect is better.And the favorable anti-corrosion effect of this feed is finished a generation, only needs to add a feed.Simultaneously can simplify method for breeding, saving of work and time reduces feeding cost greatly, thereby realizes that in enormous quantities, anniversary, subculture raise the purpose in 2 committee noctuid standard worm sources.And use these man-made feeds to raise 2 committee's exigua larvaes and do not occur obvious population degeneration more than 10 generations, bright maize leaves then can only be kept about 5 generations.
Table 1 is raised the Contrast on effect of 2 committee's exigua larvaes with man-made feeds of the present invention and natural feed
| ? | Maize leaves | Maize leaves (the 5th generation) | Man-made feeds | Man-made feeds (the 10th generation) |
| Larvae development go through the phase (my god) | 25.30±2.8b | 26.02±1.9b | 20.51±1.5a | 20.77±2.1a |
| Pupa length (centimetre) | 0.78±0.07b | 0.61±0.07b | 1.15±0.05a | 1.07±0.02a |
| Pupa heavy (gram) | 0.037±0.010b | 0.033±0.009b | 0.065±0.005a | 0.063±0.006a |
| Single female egg laying amount (grain) | 165±56b | 35±10c | 345±133a | 333±62a |
| The male and female ratio | 0.795±0.35a | 0.533±0.10a | 0.827±0.02a | 0.829±0.08a |
| Survival rate of larvae % | 50.11%±9.02b | 7.35±3.02c | 89.30%±2.35a | 85.30%±6.02a |
Man-made feeds preparation and the simplification method for breeding thereof of 2 committees of the present invention exigua larvae are described by specific embodiment.Those skilled in the art can use for reference the links such as content appropriate change raw material of the present invention, process conditions and realize corresponding other purpose, its relevant change does not all break away from content of the present invention, all similar replacements and change will become apparent to those skilled in the art that and all be deemed to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the man-made feeds of one kind 2 committee noctuids are made by following ingredients: corn flour 150g; Dusty yeast 60g; Soy meal 100g; Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder 100g; Glucose 75g; Sorbic acid 5g; Formaldehyde 2ml; Ascorbic acid 5g; B B-complex 0.5g; Agar 20g; Distilled water 1200ml;
Described Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder and B B-complex belong to the self-control product, and described Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder is that the airing of Amaranthus retroflexus leaf is done, and grinds, and crosses 300 mesh sieves, makes fine powder; Described B B-complex is comprised of following component: nicotinic acid 0.175g, riboflavin 0.09g, thiamine 0.05g, folic acid 0.025g, pantothenic acid 0.125g, pyridoxol 0.025g, biotin 0.005g and cobamide 0.005g.
2. the preparation method of the man-made feeds of according to claim 12 committee noctuids is characterized in that:
(1) take by weighing in proportion corn flour, dusty yeast, soy meal, Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder, put into triangular flask after stirring, in 120 ℃ of high-pressure steam sterilizing pans the sterilization 2 hours, sterilize complete after, take out A component to be used as;
(2) taken by weighing in proportion glucose, sorbic acid, the two has been mixed as B component, subsequently component A and B component have been mixed, as component C;
(3) add distilled water in the agar, heat and boil to boiling, until completely dissolved, component C is poured into wherein, firmly stir and be cooled to 50～60 ℃ for subsequent use as component D;
(4) in proportion formaldehyde, ascorbic acid, B B-complex are put into component D, fully stir evenly;
(5) pour in the sterilization fresh box after described feed stirs, after its complete cooled and solidified, put into 4 ℃ of refrigerators and save backup.
3. the man-made feeds of according to claim 12 committee noctuids are raised the method for 2 committee noctuids, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) first raising of incubating to mature larva: man-made feeds are cut into small pieces, evenly put into the crisper after the sterilization, with writing brush an amount of newly hatched larvae is chosen in the box, cover a sterilizing paper and be placed on insectary in-group raising, aging from just incubating to larva, during need not change feed, the environmental condition in the described insectary is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(2) mature larva is to the raising of pupating: after larva is aging, go in the crisper that is covered with an amount of high-temperature sterilization sand, sterilizing paper covers, and to spinning, pupating, the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(3) pupate to the raising of sprouting wings: pupa is picked in crisper, put into transparent vessel with cover, until adult eclosion, the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising;
(4) sprout wings to the raising of laying eggs: the adult after will sprouting wings changes in the plastics barrel cover that is placed with maize seedling, and the main header casing gauze is laid eggs for it, and sooner or later smear 5% hydromel at gauze and feed every day;
(5) ovum is to the raising of newly hatched larvae: have the gauze of 2 committee's noctuid ovum to take off product, the sterilization of 10% formaldehyde is dried in the air and is placed in the sealing bag to half-dried, cultivates in the insectary until hatching, and the raising condition is 27 ℃ of constant temperature, relative humidity 40-60%, the dark raising.
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| CN102835596B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2013-09-11 | 河南省农业科学院 | Artificial feed of proxenus lepigone larva |
| CN103340181B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-21 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for artificially rearing athetis lepigone for test |
| CN106172251A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of method for breeding of Mythimna Lorgi |
| CN106259221B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-08-27 | 华巧波 | A method of raising beet armyworm |
| CN107568165A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-12 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of experimental method evaluated genetically modified plants and influenceed on snail |
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| CN1653937A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-17 | 中国科学院动物研究所 | Artificial feed for antlered larvae, its preparing method and use |
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| CN1653937A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-17 | 中国科学院动物研究所 | Artificial feed for antlered larvae, its preparing method and use |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 梁梦媛，等.甘蓝夜蛾人工饲料的研究.《东北农业大学学报》.2006,第37卷(第6期),771-774. * |
| 窦高兴,等.甜菜夜蛾人工饲料和饲养技术研究.《广西农业生物科学》.2008,第27卷49-52. * |
| 黄艳君，浦冠勤.斜纹夜蛾的人工饲养技术.《中国蚕业》.2011,(第3期),76-77. * |
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