CN103371272A - Method for promoting intensive spawning of houseflies and used breeding feed and egg receiving material - Google Patents
Method for promoting intensive spawning of houseflies and used breeding feed and egg receiving material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting intensive spawning of houseflies and a used breeding feed and an egg receiving material, wherein the breeding feed for adult flies is prepared from 10%-30% of soybean meal, 5%-15% of dry maggot powder, 10%-30% of milk powder, 20%-60% of white sugar, 1%-10% of plant medicine residue and 1%-5% of balloon flower; and the egg receiving material for houseflies is prepared by mixing 25%-30% of wheat bran, 5%-10% of balloon flower and 60%-70% of water, and further adding 1-10mg of oviposition pheromone for the houseflies into per kilogram of mixture. By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the fecundity of the houseflies during the period of reproductive peak can be improved, and the hatchability of fly eggs and the survival rate of larvae of the houseflies after inoculation are further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly and used adult flies breeding feed and housefly to connect the ovum material, belong to housefly industrialization artificial culture technology field.
Background technology
Housefly is the extremely wide sanitary insect of a kind of distribution, also is a kind of important recyclability insect resources simultaneously.Housefly has following characteristics:
1, the life cycle of housefly short, under suitable temperature conditions, finished a generation every 14～18 days, and the artificial feeding housefly only needs 4～5 days from ovum to ripe larva, want much shorter than other insect cycle of raising.
2, the fertility of housefly is strong, every pair of housefly 600-1000 grain of laying eggs throughout one's life.
3, housefly to environment adaptable, disease is few.
4, housefly cultivation is easy to Artificial Control, can carry out batch production, intensive production indoor, and technical strong, the technological element of a product is high.
5, the cultivation of housefly exploitation is wide, can produce the multiple products such as high-quality insect protein, unrighted acid, antibacterial peptide, lysozyme, chitin, and its benefit is considerably beyond other agricultural projects.
Therefore, the housefly cultivation has good development prospect.But housefly cultivation is in the starting stage in China, really realizes the also few of housefly large-scale cultivation, and is also fewer about the intensive technical research of laying eggs of housefly, and that is that all right is ripe for low-coat scale, controlled cultural technique.
By existing document as can be known, affecting the factor that housefly lays eggs generally has temperature, humidity, illumination, connects the indexs such as ovum material.The present method that housefly is laid eggs generally is in the constant situation of other indexs, control 1-2 index and carry out laboratory data research, do not adopt the industrialization pattern that These parameters is carried out Comprehensive Control, draw the control criterion that meets suitability for industrialized production most, therefore can not guarantee well egg laying amount, fly blow incubation rate and the postvaccinal common house-fly grub survival rate of housefly peak period, this is a great problem of housefly industrialized aquaculture field face.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of and promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly and used adult flies breeding feed and housefly to connect the ovum material.Adopt technical solution of the present invention can improve the egg laying amount of housefly reproduction peak period, and improve fly blow incubation rate and postvaccinal common house-fly grub survival rate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of adult flies breeding feed is counted by weight percentage, and it is formulated by bean powder 10%-30%, dried maggot powder 5%-15%, milk powder 10%-30%, white sugar 20%-60%, plant medicine dregs 1%-10% and balloonflower root 1%-5%.
A kind of housefly connects the ovum material, counts by weight percentage, and it is that wheat bran 25%-30%, balloonflower root 5-10% and water 60%-70% are mixed, and is formulated to every kilogram of mixture adding 1-10mg housefly oviposition pheromone again.Described housefly oviposition pheromone derives from into fly blow nest ethanol extract.
Adopt aforementioned adult flies breeding feed and aforementioned housefly to connect the ovum material and promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly, may further comprise the steps:
S1 puts into the fly cage with the fly pupa, 20-28 ℃ of control temperature, and relative humidity 30%-70% illumination 6-8 hour/day, sprouted wings into fly through 2-3 days;
S2 after the fly pupa is sprouted wings into fly, regularly adds the adult flies breeding feed, till becoming fly to put to death in feed basin;
S3 sprouts wings into the beginning in the 4th day behind the fly, connects to shading to add housefly in the ovum basin and connect the ovum material, connects ovum;
S4 will become fly to put to death in the 15th day that sprouts wings into behind the fly, and cleaning fly cage is put into next batch fly pupa, repeating step S1-S4 again.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, among the described step S1, temperature is preferably 28 ℃, and relative humidity is preferably 60%.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, among the step S1, each size is 0.8-1.2m
3The fly cage in put into 300-400 gram fly pupa, the fly cage is placed in the airtight lightweight steel construction color steel room, every 1.5-2m
3Space, steel plate room in place a fly cage.Ten thousand of the about 3.0-3.4 of one-tenth fly after every cage fly pupa is sprouted wings, male and female half and half.Workman's operation is convenient in design like this, utilizes to greatest extent the space, can effectively isolate simultaneously, prevents into fly and infects mutually, causes Large Scale Death.In addition, the easier control of the temperature and humidity of cubicle.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, among the step S1, adopt the humidifier controlled humidity.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, among the step S1, adopt the fluorescent lamp of 25W*2 or sunlight shed to cooperate sunshading board to provide illumination, illumination every day in summer 6 hours, illumination every day in winter 8 hours, spring, Qiu Liangji illumination every day 7 hours.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, among the step S2, per hour add adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, among the step S3, add housefly at every turn and connect ovum material 100g/ basin, reload every day twice.
In the intensive method of laying eggs of aforesaid promotion housefly, by will connect the ovum basin be arranged on feed basin under, and connect the ovum basin less than feed basin, to realize connecing the shading of ovum basin.
In order to ensure methodological science of the present invention, reasonable, feasible, the applicant has carried out series of experimental research and investigation.
One, temperature, humidity, illumination condition screening
Feed formula, connect the ovum material formula identical, connect in the situation of the abundant shading of ovum basin, regulate temperature, humidity, illumination condition, to fly pupa eclosion rate and become the fly egg laying amount to carry out three factors, five levels orthogonal experiment, the results are shown in Table 1, table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
Experimental result shows, at temperature 20-28 ℃, and humidity 30%-70%, under the illumination 6-8 hour condition, fly pupa eclosion rate becomes the fly egg laying amount between 500000-540000 at 75%-85%, reaches the production requirement of industrialization fly maggot.
Two, adult flies breeding feed formula screening
Experiment condition: 28 ℃ of temperature, humidity 60%, illumination 8 hours per hour adds adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage, adopts the adult flies breeding feed of different proportionings to carry out the Three factors-levels orthogonal experiment, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Can find out that sequence number 3,5,7,9 experiment effects are best, integrated cost considers that No. 7 is optimal result.
The adult flies breeding forage standard: protein is not less than 25%, and sugar is not less than 35%, and contains various vitamins and trace element.
In the adult flies breeding feed of the present invention, dried maggot powder, plant medicine dregs, balloonflower root are auxiliary material.Dried maggot powder is mainly used to the protein content in the brew.Plant medicine dregs is used for the nutritional labeling in the brew, such as polysaccharide, quinone, ketone, saponin(e etc., mainly is to utilize active ingredient residual in its dregs of a decoction, the various nutritional labelings in the balanced feed.Balloonflower root is used for improving into fly digestion, promotes feed to absorb, and improves efficiency of feed utilization.
Three, connect the improvement of ovum material
Adopt existingly when connecing the ovum material, housefly can produce a part of fly blow in feed, feeding water, and feed, feeding water do not possess the fly blow incubation condition, and therefore, the fly blow incubation rate is lower.In addition, housefly has and assembles the characteristic lay eggs, after the female fly that the lays eggs female fly that can formerly lay eggs lay eggs around lay eggs, can cause like this connecing fly blow in the ovum material and distribute very unevenly, be unfavorable for the fly blow hatching.
And the present invention adds the housefly oviposition pheromone in connecing the ovum material after, the housefly oviposition pheromone can induce housefly to lay eggs dispersedly, thereby so that the distribution of fly blow in connecing the ovum material is comparatively even, and so that the fly blow amount that housefly produces in feed, feeding water obviously reduce, guarantee that extraneous environmental nutrient is even in its hatching process, improve the fly blow quality.
Four, connect the design of ovum basin
Bibliographical information is arranged, and what connect that ovum need adopt dark 10cm connects the ovum tank, need to place 2-3cm thick connect the ovum material, just be conducive to housefly and lay eggs.Adopt levels of the present invention design (namely connect the ovum basin be arranged on feed basin under) after, connect ovum basin thickness and only be 3-4cm, only need to place 1.5-2cm thick connect the ovum material, just can reach industrial requirement, be that every cage becomes the total egg laying amount of fly (sprout wings after 4-15 days) 500000-540000 grain, make to connect ovum material use amount and reduced 10%-20%.
Comprehensive above-mentioned conclusion, promote the intensive of housefly to lay eggs by following experiment condition: 28 ℃ of temperature, humidity 60%, illumination 8 hours, per hour 2g becomes fly feed (30% bean powder, 10% milk powder, 40% white sugar, 5% maggot powder, 10% dregs of a decoction powder and 5% Platycodon Root), can reach every cage and becomes 624389 of the total egg laying amounts of fly (sprouting wings rear 4-15 days).But suitability for industrialized production does not generally reach accuracy like this, and integrated cost considers, every cage becomes the total egg laying amount of fly (after sprouting wings 4-15 days) on average to reach just to meet production standard more than 500000.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is controlled at 20-28 ℃ with the temperature that housefly lays eggs in the process, humidity is controlled at 30%-70%, light application time is reduced to 6-8 hour/day, adopt new adult flies breeding feed formula and connect the ovum material formula, and will connect the ovum basin and carry out the shading setting, by the Comprehensive Control to above-mentioned 6 controllable factors, the housefly egg production peak time can be controlled at the 4th day to the 15th day after the emergence, promote female fly at the egg laying amount of reproduction peak period, average every female fly only peak period egg laying amount just reaches the 330-360 grain, make the peak period egg laying amount account for the 75%-85% of the whole egg-laying season egg laying amount of housefly, correspondingly reduced feeding cost, general fly blow incubation rate 80%, industrialized standard fly blow incubation rate of the present invention〉85%, laboratory Optimal Control as a result fly blow incubation rate can reach 92%-95%.Use adult flies breeding feed of the present invention survival rate of larvae can be improved 10%-15%.
In addition, adopt new adult flies breeding feed formula, adopt compared to existing technology milk powder, white sugar to raise into fly, can reduce about 30% cost; In connecing the ovum material, add the housefly oviposition pheromone so that the egg laying amount of female fly in connecing the ovum material is more even, be conducive to the later stage in producing quantitative control and the standard controllability of next step large-scale industrialization inoculation.
The present invention adopts the industrialization pattern, 6 indexs are carried out Comprehensive Control, its cost in suitability for industrialized production is reduced greatly, egg laying amount is stable, postvaccinal common house-fly grub survival rate is stable, is suitable in suitability for industrialized production related data being carried out quality standardization control.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the preparation of adult flies breeding feed: take by weighing bean powder 10g, dried maggot powder 5g, milk powder 30g, white sugar 40g, plant medicine dregs 1g and balloonflower root 1g, and mixing, and get final product.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of adult flies breeding feed: take by weighing bean powder 20g, dried maggot powder 10g, milk powder 20g, white sugar 60g, plant medicine dregs 5g and balloonflower root 3g, and mixing, and get final product.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of adult flies breeding feed: take by weighing bean powder 30g, dried maggot powder 5g, milk powder 10g, white sugar 40g, plant medicine dregs 10g and balloonflower root 5g, and mixing, and get final product.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of adult flies breeding feed: take by weighing bean powder 30g, dried maggot powder 5g, milk powder 20g, white sugar 20g, plant medicine dregs 10g and balloonflower root 5g, and mixing, and get final product.
Plant medicine dregs among above-described embodiment 1-4 can be one or more in the Radix Astragali, the red sage root, polygonum capitatum, the pseudo-ginseng etc.
Embodiment 5: housefly connects the preparation of ovum material: take by weighing wheat bran 25g, balloonflower root 5g and water 70g and housefly oviposition pheromone 0.1mg, mix, and get final product.
Embodiment 6: housefly connects the preparation of ovum material: take by weighing wheat bran 27g, balloonflower root 8g and water 65g and housefly oviposition pheromone 0.3mg, mix, and get final product.
Embodiment 7: housefly connects the preparation of ovum material: take by weighing wheat bran 30g, balloonflower root 10g and water 60g and housefly oviposition pheromone 1mg, mix, and get final product.
Embodiment 8: promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly: be 0.8m with size
3The fly cage be placed in the airtight lightweight steel construction color steel room every 1.5m
3Space, steel plate room in place a fly cage, put into 300 gram fly pupas in each fly cage; The control temperature is 20 ℃, adopts humidifier control relative humidity at 30%-60%, adopts the fluorescent lamp of 25W*2 that illumination is provided, 6 hours (summer) of illumination every day; With connect the ovum basin be arranged on feed basin under, and connect the ovum basin less than feed basin, to realize connecing the abundant shading of ovum basin; The fly pupa per hour adds the adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage that embodiment 1 prepares in feed basin after sprouting wings into fly in 2-3 days; Sprout wings into the beginning in the 4th day behind the fly, connect to shading and add the housefly that embodiment 5 prepares in the ovum basin and connect the ovum material, reload twice every day, each 100g/ basin connects ovum; To become fly to put to death in the 15th day that sprouts wings into behind the fly, cleaning fly cage is put into next batch fly pupa again, repeats abovementioned steps.
Embodiment 9: promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly: be 1m with size
3The fly cage be placed in the airtight lightweight steel construction color steel room every 1.8m
3Space, steel plate room in place a fly cage, put into 350 gram fly pupas in each fly cage; The control temperature is 25 ℃, adopts humidifier control relative humidity at 40%-70%, adopts sunlight shed to cooperate sunshading board to provide illumination, illumination every day 7 hours (spring, Qiu Liangji); With connect the ovum basin be arranged on feed basin under, and connect the ovum basin less than feed basin, to realize connecing the abundant shading of ovum basin; The fly pupa per hour adds the adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage that embodiment 2 prepares in feed basin after sprouting wings into fly in 2-3 days; Sprout wings into the beginning in the 4th day behind the fly, connect to shading and add the housefly that embodiment 6 prepares in the ovum basin and connect the ovum material, reload twice every day, each 100g/ basin connects ovum; To become fly to put to death in the 15th day that sprouts wings into behind the fly, cleaning fly cage is put into next batch fly pupa again, repeats abovementioned steps.
Embodiment 10: promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly: be 1.2m with size
3The fly cage be placed in the airtight lightweight steel construction color steel room every 2m
3Space, steel plate room in place a fly cage, put into 400 gram fly pupas in each fly cage; The control temperature is 28 ℃, adopts humidifier control relative humidity at 30%-70%, adopts the fluorescent lamp of 25W*2 to provide illumination, illumination every day 8 hours; With connect the ovum basin be arranged on feed basin under, and connect the ovum basin less than feed basin, to realize connecing the abundant shading of ovum basin; The fly pupa per hour adds adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage in feed basin after sprouting wings into fly in 2-3 days; Sprout wings into the beginning in the 4th day behind the fly, connect to shading and add housefly in the ovum basin and connect the ovum material, reload twice every day, each 100g/ basin connects ovum; To become fly to put to death in the 15th day that sprouts wings into behind the fly, cleaning fly cage is put into next batch fly pupa again, repeats abovementioned steps.
Embodiment 11: promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly: be 1m with size
3The fly cage be placed in the airtight lightweight steel construction color steel room every 1.5m
3Space, steel plate room in place a fly cage, put into 400 gram fly pupas in each fly cage, 25 ℃ of control temperature, control relative humidity 40%-60%, illumination every day 7 hours will connect ovum and carry out the shading setting; The fly pupa per hour adds the adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage that embodiment 3 or 4 prepares in feed basin after sprouting wings into fly in 2-3 days; Sprout wings into the beginning in the 4th day behind the fly, connect to shading and add the housefly that embodiment 7 prepares in the ovum basin and connect the ovum material, reload twice every day, each 100g/ basin connects ovum; To become fly to put to death in the 15th day that sprouts wings into behind the fly, cleaning fly cage is put into next batch fly pupa again, repeats abovementioned steps.
Claims (10)
1. adult flies breeding feed, it is characterized in that: count by weight percentage, it is formulated by bean powder 10%-30%, dried maggot powder 5%-15%, milk powder 10%-30%, white sugar 20%-60%, plant medicine dregs 1%-10% and balloonflower root 1%-5%.
2. a housefly connects the ovum material, it is characterized in that: count by weight percentage, it is that wheat bran 25%-30%, balloonflower root 5-10% and water 60%-70% are mixed, and is formulated to every kilogram of mixture adding 1-10mg housefly oviposition pheromone again.
3. adopt the described adult flies breeding feed of claim 1 and the described housefly of claim 2 to connect the ovum material and promote the intensive method of laying eggs of housefly, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1 puts into the fly cage with the fly pupa, 20-28 ℃ of control temperature, and relative humidity 30%-70% illumination 6-8 hour/day, sprouted wings into fly through 2-3 days;
S2 after the fly pupa is sprouted wings into fly, regularly adds the adult flies breeding feed, till becoming fly to put to death in feed basin;
S3 sprouts wings into the beginning in the 4th day behind the fly, connects to shading to add housefly in the ovum basin and connect the ovum material, connects ovum;
S4 will become fly to put to death in the 15th day that sprouts wings into behind the fly, and cleaning fly cage is put into next batch fly pupa, repeating step S1-S4 again.
4. the intensive method of laying eggs of promotion housefly according to claim 3 is characterized in that: among the described step S1, the control temperature is 28 ℃, and relative humidity is 60%.
5. the intensive method of laying eggs of promotion housefly according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: among the step S1, each size is 0.8-1.2m
3The fly cage in put into 300-400 gram fly pupa, the fly cage is placed in the airtight lightweight steel construction color steel room, every 1.5-2m
3Space, steel plate room in place a fly cage.
6. according to claim 3 or the intensive method of laying eggs of 4 described promotion houseflies, it is characterized in that: among the step S1, adopt the humidifier controlled humidity.
7. according to claim 3 or the intensive method of laying eggs of 4 described promotion houseflies, it is characterized in that: among the step S1, adopt the fluorescent lamp of 25W*2 or sunlight shed to cooperate sunshading board to provide illumination, illumination every day in summer 6 hours, illumination every day in winter 8 hours, spring, Qiu Liangji illumination every day 7 hours.
8. the intensive method of laying eggs of promotion housefly according to claim 3 is characterized in that: among the step S2, per hour add adult flies breeding feed 2g/ cage.
9. the intensive method of laying eggs of promotion housefly according to claim 3 is characterized in that: among the step S3, add housefly at every turn and connect ovum material 100g/ basin, reload every day twice.
10. the intensive method of laying eggs of promotion housefly according to claim 3 is characterized in that: by will connect the ovum basin be arranged on feed basin under, and connect the ovum basin less than feed basin, to realize connecing the shading of ovum basin.
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| CN108782474A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of the housefly breeding apparatus and method for breeding of quick collection ovum grain and replacement feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106306610A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 张驰 | Feed for larvae of apple flies and preparation method thereof |
| CN106954765A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-18 | 广东人为峰健康管理有限公司 | A kind of insect feedstuff of green safety and its preparation method and application |
| CN108552119A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-09-21 | 贵州医科大学 | Polygonum capitatum discards the processing method of the dregs of a decoction |
| CN108782474A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of the housefly breeding apparatus and method for breeding of quick collection ovum grain and replacement feed |
| CN108782474B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2023-09-15 | 山东农业大学 | Housefly feeding device and feeding method capable of rapidly collecting egg grains and replacing feed |
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| CN103371272B (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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