CN108935341B - Method for raising cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee - Google Patents
Method for raising cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee Download PDFInfo
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- CN108935341B CN108935341B CN201810848201.5A CN201810848201A CN108935341B CN 108935341 B CN108935341 B CN 108935341B CN 201810848201 A CN201810848201 A CN 201810848201A CN 108935341 B CN108935341 B CN 108935341B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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Abstract
The patent discloses a method for feeding vegetable-powder butterfly cocoon bee, which comprises the following steps: preparing; planting pakchoi in the rearing cage and the collecting cage in a large scale; catching pieris rapae, putting the pieris rapae into an insect breeding chamber for breeding, and selecting a cabbage caterpillar parent; transferring the cabbage caterpillar parent to a rearing cage for spawning, and collecting cabbage caterpillar for later use, wherein the cabbage caterpillar is at the 1-year-old stage; scale feeding of the cauliflower bugs; adding cabbage caterpillar and cabbage powder butterfly pupa at the 1 st age stage into a collecting cage for feeding, and obtaining cabbage caterpillar and a plurality of cabbage powder butterfly velvet braconid bee larvae at the 2 nd age stage after 64-72 h; inoculating after the larvae of the Pieris rapae are completely eclosized; obtaining cabbage caterpillars at the 3-year-old stage after 40-48h, and taking out the Pieris rapae imagoes; collecting the adult cabbage butterfly cocoon bees in a new collecting cage; and (4) storing adult and larval stages of the pieris rapae braconid wasps. The scheme mainly solves the problems that the current biological control of pests pollutes the environment and destroys the ecological balance.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of rearing or breeding animals not otherwise provided for.
Background
Cabbage caterpillar is an important vegetable pest, and the adult cabbage caterpillar is commonly called pieris rapae. The larvae mainly take the leaves of cruciferous vegetables, leave vein petioles even when the leaves are eaten into fragments seriously, reduce photosynthesis of the leaves to slow growth or death of vegetable seedlings, and in addition, excrement discharged by cabbage caterpillars can pollute the leaves of the vegetables and is easy to be infected by soft rot germs, thereby causing serious yield loss. How to solve the harm is a major key point in the field of agricultural pest control all the time, and the control of the Pieris rapae is still mainly carried out by adopting a chemical control method at present; although chemical control has the advantage of quick control effect, the problems of rising of drug resistance of pests, deterioration of ecological environment, killing of natural enemies and the like caused by the chemical control are increasingly prominent, and the sustainable development of vegetable production is seriously influenced.
In recent years, a great deal of research is carried out on the biological control aspect of the Pieris rapae at home and abroad, and a lot of important progress and important innovation are achieved, which are briefly summarized as follows: the botanical pesticide has the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, difficult generation of resistance of pests and the like, and is an ideal medicament for biological control of vegetable pests. Although some plant-derived pesticide varieties have been developed and developed so far, the number of varieties is still not large. The application of microbial pesticide is an important component for biological control of pests; nowadays, microbial pesticides such as bacillus thuringiensis, metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana play important roles in biological control of pieris rapae, but the pesticides also show certain limitations in field application, such as poor quick-acting performance, short duration, insensitivity to old larvae, susceptibility to external factors of pesticide effect, unstable genetic character of recombinant engineering strains and the like.
The introduction of external natural enemy insects, the protection, the industrialized propagation and the artificial release of local natural enemies, the matching application of the natural enemies and other biological control technologies, and the like, but the natural enemy is still in the initial stage at present. Along with the improvement of living standard and the improvement of environmental protection concept, people pay more and more attention to the quality and safety of vegetable products; the biological control of pests has the advantages of no environmental pollution, capability of maintaining natural ecological balance and the like, so that the application of the biological control of pests in the production of green and pollution-free vegetables is increasingly emphasized. At present, the parasitic natural enemies of pieris rapae and cabbage caterpillars are trichogramma guang; cauliflower butterfly cocoon bee, reddish velvet cocoon bee, etc. The idea of using the cabbage caterpillar to scale feed the cocoon bee to prevent and control the cabbage caterpillar is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for feeding pieris rapae cocoon bee, which aims to solve the problems of environmental pollution and ecological balance damage in the existing biological control of pests.
In order to achieve the above object, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for raising Pieris brassicae Huffi cocoon bees comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing;
selecting four vegetables including Chinese cabbage, lettuce, pakchoi and leaf mustard and Ching Fei to carry out cultivation tests, determining the pakchoi as a host plant by comparing cultivation periods, and planting the pakchoi in a feeding cage and a collecting cage in a large scale;
catching the pieris rapae, putting the pieris rapae into an insect-raising room, wherein the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 70-75%, and the photoperiod is L: D = 16: 8, feeding 10% of honey water and absorbent cotton, and selecting the pieris rapae with strong activity as a cabbage caterpillar parent; or collecting a large amount of cabbage powder pupae (eliminating pupae parasitized by parasitic wasps) and determining the parent body of cabbage caterpillar in the same way after hatching;
transferring the cabbage caterpillar parent to a rearing cage for spawning, and collecting cabbage caterpillar for later use, wherein the cabbage caterpillar is at the 1-year-old stage;
step two: scale feeding of the cauliflower bugs;
adding cabbage caterpillars at the 1 st stage and cabbage powder butterfly pupas parasitizing cabbage powder butterfly velvet cocoon bee larvae into a collection cage for feeding, wherein the ratio of the cabbage caterpillars at the 1 st stage to the cabbage powder butterfly pupas is 10: 1; obtaining cabbage caterpillars and a plurality of pieris rapae velvet braconid bee larvae at the 2-year-old stage after 64-72 h;
controlling the temperature of the collecting cage to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70-75%, and the photoperiod to be L: D = 16: 8, inoculating after the larvae of the Pieris rapae are completely eclosized; obtaining cabbage caterpillars at the 3-year-old stage after 40-48h, and taking out the Pieris rapae imagoes;
collecting adult cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee in a new collecting cage, inoculating aphids on the pakchoi in the new collecting cage, and taking honeydew generated by the aphids as food of the adult cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee; the temperature of the new collection cage is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 70-75%, and the photoperiod is L: D = 16: 8;
aiming at the un-parasitic cabbage caterpillars, the eclosion-treated pieris rapae cocoon bee is added into the collection cage, so as to realize secondary parasitization;
step three: preserving adult and larva stages of the pieris rapae braconid wasps; the adult braconid flies of the Pieris rapae are stored in a new rearing cage which is attached with a 100-mesh nylon net at 1m x 1m, each plantlet in the new rearing cage is inoculated with 700-plus 1000-head aphids of the Pieris rapae at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, the humidity of 70-75 percent and the photoperiod of L: D = 16: 8; the preservation temperature of the Pieris rapae cocoon is 0-4 ℃, and the preservation temperature of the Pieris rapae larva is 12-16 ℃.
The principle and advantages of the basic scheme are as follows: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting the pakchoi mainly for the reason; 1. the growth cycle of the pakchoi is short; 2. the leaves of the pakchoi are soft; 3. the aphids are easy to inoculate on the pakchoi, thereby ensuring that sufficient food is provided for the adult cabbage butterfly velvet braconid bees. The aphids are mainly used for providing honey source food for adult calluses of the pieris rapae. And step two, the female and male Chinese cabbage butterfly cotesia plukenetialis are mixed and distributed uniformly and then are parasitized again, and the secondary parasitization can improve the parasitizing rate of the Chinese cabbage caterpillar by the Chinese cabbage cotesia plukenetialis. Step three, honeydew produced by aphids provides adult insects with food survival time which is better than feeding time of 10% honey water, and 10% honey water is properly sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves of the Chinese cabbages to assist feeding according to the feeding effect of the calluses. The cocoon shell has activity on cocoon shells stored at 4 ℃, and the effective utilization rate of the cocoon shell for the storage of cocoon shell larvae or cocoon pupae at 16 ℃ is highest according to comparison analysis of different temperatures, total development periods and eclosion rates.
In addition:
1. the cabbage caterpillar is used for feeding the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee, and the cabbage caterpillar is easy to be fed in a large scale; and moreover, the natural enemy insect mode is introduced, so that the environmental pollution and ecological balance damage can be effectively avoided.
2. The cabbage caterpillar is firstly raised in a large scale to 1 year, and the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee is released when the cabbage caterpillar is shifted to 2 years, so that the emergence base tone of the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee is consistent from the cocoon stage to the later stage.
3. A feeding cage or a collecting cage is self-made, so that feeding and collecting are simplified.
4. The parasitic cauliflower bugs are released for the second time, so that the parasitic rate of the cauliflower bugs is improved, and the scale feeding of the cauliflower bugs is promoted.
5. The cabbage aphids are raised by the pakchoi, and the life of the cocoon bee is prolonged by producing honeydew.
Furthermore, the cultivation modes of the four vegetables including the lotus leaf, the lettuce, the pakchoi and the leaf mustard and the xiangfei comprise substrate cultivation and water-fertilizer cultivation. Through the arrangement, two modes of matrix cultivation and water-fertilizer cultivation are adopted for cultivation, the contrast is more comprehensive, and then the host with shorter growth period is guaranteed to be selected for cultivation.
Furthermore, the number of the leaves of the pakchoi is at least 6.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison data chart of the primary parasitism rate of the cocoon bee to the cabbage caterpillar and the secondary parasitism rate of the cocoon bee to the cabbage caterpillar;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing comparative data of the number of days of survival of cocoon bee fed in different ways according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
examples
A method for raising Pieris brassicae comprises four stages: firstly, preparing, secondly, feeding the cauliflower butterfly cocoon bees on a large scale; thirdly, preserving the adult and larva stages of the pieris rapae braconidae; fourthly, releasing the pieris rapae braconidae to carry out accurate biological control on the cabbage caterpillars; the specific operation steps and the technical scheme are as follows:
a preparation work
In the design, four vegetables including lotus leaf white, lettuce, pakchoi and leaf mustard and Ching Fei are selected to be subjected to a matrix and water-fertilizer cultivation test, and a comparison test is carried out according to the number of days from soaking to harvesting and development to obtain the following data table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison test of different varieties of vegetable substrates, hydroponic cultivation
Compared with the water and fertilizer cultivation method, the growth period of the vegetable can be shortened by 4-5 days. The Xiangfei is shortened by 5 days at most, and the growth cycle of the Xiangfei is obviously longer than that of lettuce and pakchoi. Compared with lettuce and pakchoi, the pakchoi is determined as the host plant because the lettuce leaves are crisp and the honey source is provided for the adult cocoon bee to inoculate aphids in the later period so that the aphids are not easy to propagate.
1.1 the determination of vegetable varieties and planting modes aims at the premise of large-scale feeding of the Pieris brassicae, and the key point is that the food selection of the host of the Pieris brassicae is to meet the requirements of simplicity, easiness in taking and low cost and the variety with short rotation period. And finally selecting a water and fertilizer cultivation mode to plant the pakchoi according to the season and the comparison of the dishes and the planting modes. 1. The Chinese cabbages are planted in the water-fertilizer rotary cultivation frame in a large scale, so that the later supplement of cabbage caterpillar food is ensured. 2. And planting pakchoi at intervals of 5cm in a plastic square box of 27cm by 15cm by 12cm, and inoculating the pakchoi to feed the cabbage worms.
1.2 after a large amount of pieris rapae are captured in the field, the pieris rapae are placed in an insect breeding room, the temperature is controlled to be about 28 ℃, and the humidity is 75%. Photoperiod L D = 16: breeding 10% of honey water and absorbent cotton for a period of time under 8 environments, and then selecting the pieris rapae with strong activity as a cabbage caterpillar parent; or collecting a large amount of cabbage powder pupae (eliminating pupae parasitized by parasitic wasps) and determining the parent body of cabbage caterpillar in the same way after hatching. After the determination of the parent, the parent was transferred to a rearing cage with 100 mesh nylon net attached to 1m x 1m planted with pakchoi (7 leaves).
1.3 the cabbage butterfly velvet braconid wasp and the cabbage aphid eating the little cabbage are all taken from the insect laboratory of the institute of agricultural engineering of agricultural academy of sciences in Chongqing. (500 vegetable powder butterfly pupas parasitizing the suede flies, dissecting 11 pupas and counting the number of the larvae, wherein each vegetable powder butterfly pupa contains 40-55 suede flies.)
1.4 putting 8 boxes of 27cm by 15cm by 12cm plastic square boxes planted with pakchoi in a 1m by 1m raising cage attached with a 100-mesh nylon net, and inoculating aphids to provide honey source food for later-stage cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee adult bees.
And 1.5, transferring the prepared cabbage caterpillar parent bodies into a rotary cultivation frame greenhouse with pakchoi. Facilitating the spawning of the pieris rapae and collecting the cabbage caterpillars. The greenhouse has 4 cultivation shelves with 3.2 m height, and each water-fertilizer rotary cultivation shelf has 15 transverse plates with 2.7m x 0.3 m. And after 5 days, putting the cabbage butterflies in the eggs, incubating the eggs until the cabbage caterpillars are generally at the 1-year-old stage, and collecting the cabbage caterpillars for later use.
Two-scale feeding of cauliflower butterfly velvet cocoon bee
The difficulty in raising the cocoon bees lies in large-scale breeding, the key point after determining the hosts and the host food of the cocoon bees lies in mastering the change of the growth cycles of the cocoon bees and the cabbage caterpillars, and the following data table 2 is obtained through small trial breeding for one month;
TABLE 2 comparison table of development periods of cabbage caterpillar and cocoon bee
| 25±2℃/75%RH | In the egg phase | Age 1 | |
Age 3 | |
Age 5 | Pupa | eclosion/Total d |
| Cabbage worm | 3-4 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 5 | 5-7 | 21.8-24.8 |
| Pieris rapae velvet cocoon bee | 2-3 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 3.7 | - | - | 1.5 | 10-12.8 |
2.1 adding 4 plastic square boxes of 27cm x 15cm x 12cm with plantlets in a breeding cage or a collecting cage device with a 100 nylon net attached to 75cm x 75cm +35cm x 35cm, planting 12 plantlets in each box, placing 50 cabbage caterpillars of 1 age (supplemented according to death conditions during inoculation of the cabbage butterfly velvet braconid), and inoculating 5 cabbage butterfly pupas parasitizing the cabbage butterfly velvet braconid larvae into each cage. And after 72 hours, the supplementary feed is properly supplemented according to the hatching condition of the pieris rapae braconidae. At this time, the cabbage caterpillars grow to about 2 years old. Cutting a new cabbage with petiole cabbage caterpillars by using scissors, wherein each cabbage powder butterfly pupa contains about 40 to 55 cabbage powder butterfly velvet cocoon bee larvae, the temperature is controlled to be about 27 ℃, the humidity is 75%, and the photoperiod L is D = 16: 8, the hatching rate is about 90 percent, and about 200 and 250 adult Begonia fuliginea braconid flies in each cage are ensured.
2.2 the inoculation is considered to be started after the emergence of the larvae of the Pieris rapae is completed. After inoculation for 48 hours, the parasitic rate of the cabbage caterpillars is about 45%, the cabbage caterpillars are close to the 3-year-old stage, the rearing cage is opened, the leaves of the Chinese cabbage are eaten by the cabbage caterpillars by about 75%, the Chinese cabbage with the leafstalk is sheared by scissors, the new Chinese cabbage is replaced (the cut notes that the individual cabbage caterpillars are not clamped by the forceps, part of the existing cabbage caterpillars are parasitic, and the larvae or eggs of the cabbage butterfly velvet bracon in the body of the cabbage caterpillars are damaged if the individual cabbage caterpillars are clamped by the forceps), and the fresh Chinese cabbage is replaced appropriately according to the condition that the leaves are eaten by the cabbage caterpillars by the same method. And opening the collection cage, and collecting the adult pieris rapae of the pieris rapae which is hatched by the larvae in the 4 pupae. The collection cage is replaced with a new one. Collected calluses are collected in a 100-mesh feeding cage which is attached to 1m x 1m1 of prepared aphid-inoculated Chinese cabbage, the temperature is controlled to be about 25 ℃, the humidity is 75%, and the photoperiod L is (D = 16): 8. honeydew produced by aphids provides food for adults, and 10% honeydew is properly sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves of the Chinese cabbage as a side product to be continuously fed according to the feeding effect of the cocoon bees.
2.3 the parasitized cabbage caterpillar rearing cages still have the unparasitized cabbage caterpillar. The sub-product one 200-250 is taken out and only released into it, and the step 2.2 is repeated. Aims to realize the secondary parasitism of the female and male pieris rapae braconidae which are mixed and distributed uniformly, and the parasitism rate of the pieris rapae braconidae to the cabbage caterpillar is improved.
2.4 as shown in the attached figure 1, the parasitic rate of the cocoon bee to the cabbage caterpillar reaches 92% after inoculation for 48 hours and secondary parasitization of the cocoon bee released again for 24 hours. The parasitic cabbage caterpillar in vivo pieris rapae cocoon bee eggs begin to hatch into 1-instar larva stage. After parasitizing for about one week, the larvae of the pieris rapae braconid flies are in a three-year stage, the cabbage caterpillars grow to four years, the larvae approach to a five-year stage or are partially pupated, and the situation that the cabbage caterpillars feed on the leaves of the pakchoi is obviously reduced. And timely replacing the fresh pakchoi according to the condition that the cabbage caterpillars eat leaves until the cabbage caterpillars are completely pupated.
2.5 after the steps are finished, collecting the butterfly pupae of the vegetable powder, wherein the parasitizing rate of the butterfly velvet cocoon bee in the pupae after secondary parasitization is up to 92 percent. The cocoon bee is close to cocooning during the parasitized period of about 7 to 10 days. At this time, the vegetable powder butterfly pupa containing the tapestry cocoon larvae or having the bee cocoons attached to the body surface is taken as the second commodity.
Adult and larval-stage preservation of three-velvet cocoon bee
3.1 as shown in the attached figure 2, the adult braconid flies of the Pieris brassicae are collected in a prepared feeding cage which is provided with 1m x 1m and 100 meshes of nylon nets attached to the 1m x 1m inoculated with 700 and 1000 aphids of each pakchoi, the temperature is controlled to be about 25 ℃, the humidity is 75 percent, and the ratio L is D = 16: 8. honeydew produced by aphids can provide food for adults, the survival time of the adult is about 14.5 days better than that of the adult fed with 10% honeydew for 11.5 days, and 10% honeydew is properly sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves of the pakchoi as a side product to be continuously fed according to the feeding effect of the pieris rapae and the cocoon bee.
3.2 preservation of Raffinia serrulata Humifos larvae or pupae see Table 3
TABLE 3 development history of cocoon bee at different temperatures
The Pieris rapae cocoon still has activity on Pieris rapae cocoon stored in the environment of 4 ℃, and the storage of Pieris rapae larva or cocoon pupa is analyzed according to comparison of different temperatures, total development periods and eclosion rates, so that the highest effective utilization rate is achieved in the environment of 16 ℃. The method can be used for biological control of cabbage caterpillars by storing adult cocoon bee, larva of butterfly cocoon bee or cocoon pupa.
Precise biological control of cabbage caterpillar by cocoon bee release
Cabbage worms mainly damage cruciferous vegetables including white vegetables, cabbage, mustard and the like. The specific types include: 1. white vegetables: pakchoi, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, purple young cabbage, red young cabbage, etc. 2. Cabbage species: broccoli, cabbage mustard, broccoli, kohlrabi, and the like. 3. Mustard plants: xiangfei, preserved szechuan pickle, etc. And (4) finishing the steps, and feeding the pieris rapae cocoon bee population on a large scale to reach a certain scale. The effect of preventing and controlling the cabbage caterpillar released to the field with the harm of cabbage caterpillar is the purpose of feeding the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee in a large scale. And if the release is carried out, the prevention and treatment measures are correspondingly taken according to the environment and the harmfulness degree of the cabbage caterpillars. The technical scheme is designed according to the vegetable cultivation mode, the growth cycle and the environmental condition as follows:
the density of the cabbage caterpillars is calculated according to the number of planted common cruciferous vegetables, and is shown in the table 4:
TABLE 4 Density of different vegetable cabbage caterpillars
1. Vegetable and cabbage worm harm for plastic greenhouse
The mode mainly comprises the steps that the galvanized steel pipe is used as a main framework, the upper part of the galvanized steel pipe is covered with a plastic film, and the structure is single. Compared with a field planting mode, the technical requirement on bee releasing is lower. In general, the parasitic rate of wild Pieris rapae floss braconi to cabbage caterpillars is only 28.5%, and when the Pieris rapae floss braconi is bred in large scale to treat the harm of the cabbage caterpillars, the density of the cabbage caterpillars and the Pieris rapae floss braconi =5:1 can be properly increased. The number of bees put is as shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 Release Density of different vegetable cocoon bee
The mode is suitable for releasing bees at 9 am in sunny days. The cabbage powder is not released at noon with higher temperature, and the hatching rate of larvae or cocoons in the cabbage powder butterfly pupae is greatly influenced when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃. According to the variety with longer vegetable period, more vegetable powder butterfly pupas parasitized by vegetable powder butterfly cocoon bee can be released, and the rotation period is short like that of Chinese cabbage and vegetable bolt, and the floss cocoon bee adult bee can be released. The preparation is released every other week for 3 times according to the harmfulness of cabbage caterpillar. The condition allows that the vegetable powder butterfly pupa parasitized by the vegetable powder butterfly velvet cocoon bee can be collected manually when the vegetable is picked. Standing at 8 deg.C for storage.
2. Vegetable cabbage worm harm in field planting
Vegetables are planted in the open air, and the parasitic rate of cabbage caterpillars can be greatly influenced by environmental factors when the pieris rapae and callouses are released. Weather change should be paid attention to in advance, and the time with less rainwater in the next week is selected for releasing bees. The mode should adjust the release density of the pieris rapae braconidae to be cabbage caterpillar: the releasing time is selected in the morning of sunny breeze, the wind power has certain influence on parasitic cabbage caterpillars of the Pieris rapae, and the Pieris rapae can be unstably landed due to overlarge wind power. According to the variety with longer vegetable period, more vegetable powder butterfly pupas parasitized by the vegetable powder butterfly cocoon bee can be released, and the rotation period is short like that of the Chinese cabbage and the vegetable bolt, so that the vegetable powder butterfly cocoon bee adult bee can be released. The preparation is released every other week or every two weeks for 3 times according to the damage degree of cabbage caterpillar. The condition allows that the vegetable powder butterfly pupa parasitized by the vegetable powder butterfly velvet cocoon bee can be collected manually when the vegetable is picked. Standing at 8 deg.C for storage.
3. Vegetable cabbage worm harm of glass greenhouse
The glass greenhouse has high construction cost, and the vegetable planting in the greenhouse is generally vegetables with high economic benefit and short crop rotation period or a greenhouse for seedling culture. The planting method can be divided into:
1) when vegetables are planted in a water-fertilizer cultivation mode or a ground substrate cultivation mode by laying pipelines, if cabbage caterpillar damage occurs, biological control can be carried out by adopting a plastic greenhouse bee releasing requirement.
2) Pipeline three-dimensional cultivation or rotatory cultivation frame three-dimensional cultivation mode are planted vegetables, because density is big, and the cabbage worm harm migration speed is fast, should prevent in advance, if discovery has the cabbage worm larva to get when eating the leaf, puts the density of bee cabbage worm: the content of the cauliflower bugs is 10:1, and the cauliflower bugs are released every other week for 3 times continuously according to the damage degree of the cabbage caterpillars. Bee release amount is as shown in table 6:
TABLE 6 Release Density of different vegetable cocoon bee
3) The seedling raising greenhouse is used for preventing cabbage caterpillar harm in advance, cabbage butterfly pupas parasitized by cabbage butterfly velvet braconid flies are placed during seedling raising, and if the cabbage butterfly flies in the greenhouse, the cabbage butterfly velvet braconid flies are released in advance. If cabbage caterpillars are found on vegetable seedlings, the pieris rapae are released to prevent or artificially remove adult bees.
The scheme provides a method for utilizing cabbage caterpillar scale feeding Pieris rapae for preventing and treating cabbage caterpillar, and the method has the following advantages:
1. the cabbage caterpillar is used for feeding the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee, and the cabbage caterpillar is easy to be fed in a large scale; and moreover, the natural enemy insect mode is introduced, so that the environmental pollution and ecological balance damage can be effectively avoided.
2. The water and fertilizer soilless culture of the pakchoi for feeding the cabbage caterpillars has high efficiency.
3. The cabbage caterpillar is firstly raised in a large scale to 1 year, and the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee is released when the cabbage caterpillar is shifted to 2 years, so that the emergence base tone of the cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee is consistent from the cocoon stage to the later stage.
4. A feeding cage or a collecting cage is self-made, so that feeding and collecting are simplified.
5. The parasitic cauliflower bugs are released for the second time, so that the parasitic rate of the cauliflower bugs is improved, and the scale feeding of the cauliflower bugs is promoted.
6. The cabbage aphids are raised by the pakchoi, and the life of the cocoon bee is prolonged by producing honeydew.
6. The release density of the pieris rapae cocoon bee is determined according to the damage degree of the pieris rapae.
7. Release measures are respectively made according to field cultivation, a plastic greenhouse and a glass greenhouse.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of specific structures and/or features of the invention has not been set forth herein in any way. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for raising Pieris brassicae Huffi cocoon bee is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing;
selecting four vegetables including Chinese cabbage, lettuce, pakchoi and leaf mustard and Ching Fei to carry out cultivation tests, determining the pakchoi as a host plant by comparing cultivation periods, and planting the pakchoi in a feeding cage and a collecting cage in a large scale;
catching the pieris rapae, putting the pieris rapae into an insect-raising room, wherein the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 70-75%, and the photoperiod is L: D = 16: 8, feeding 10% of honey water and absorbent cotton, and selecting the pieris rapae with strong activity as a cabbage caterpillar parent; or collecting a large amount of cabbage powder pupae, incubating and determining the cabbage caterpillar parent in the same way;
transferring the cabbage caterpillar parent to a rearing cage for spawning, and collecting cabbage caterpillar for later use, wherein the cabbage caterpillar is at the 1-year-old stage;
step two: scale feeding of the cauliflower bugs;
adding cabbage caterpillars at the 1 st stage and cabbage powder butterfly pupas parasitizing cabbage powder butterfly velvet cocoon bee larvae into a collection cage for feeding, wherein the ratio of the cabbage caterpillars at the 1 st stage to the cabbage powder butterfly pupas is 10: 1; obtaining cabbage caterpillars and a plurality of pieris rapae velvet braconid bee larvae at the 2-year-old stage after 64-72 h;
controlling the temperature of the collecting cage to be 25-30 ℃, the humidity to be 70-75%, and the photoperiod to be L: D = 16: 8, inoculating after the larvae of the Pieris rapae are completely eclosized; obtaining cabbage caterpillars at the 3-year-old stage after 40-48h, and taking out the Pieris rapae imagoes;
collecting adult cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee in a new collecting cage, inoculating aphids on the pakchoi in the new collecting cage, and taking honeydew generated by the aphids as food of the adult cabbage butterfly velvet cocoon bee; the temperature of the new collection cage is 25-30 ℃, the humidity is 70-75%, and the photoperiod is L: D = 16: 8;
aiming at the un-parasitic cabbage caterpillars, the eclosion-treated pieris rapae cocoon bee is added into the collection cage, so as to realize secondary parasitization;
step three: preserving adult and larva stages of the pieris rapae braconid wasps; the adult braconid flies of the Pieris rapae are stored in a new rearing cage which is attached with a 100-mesh nylon net at 1m x 1m, each plantlet in the new rearing cage is inoculated with 700-plus 1000-head aphids of the Pieris rapae at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, the humidity of 70-75 percent and the photoperiod of L: D = 16: 8; the preservation temperature of the Pieris rapae cocoon is 0-4 ℃, and the preservation temperature of the Pieris rapae larva is 12-16 ℃.
2. The method for raising pieris rapae cocoon bee according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cultivation modes of the four vegetables including the lotus leaf, the lettuce, the pakchoi and the leaf mustard and the changxie comprise substrate cultivation and water-fertilizer cultivation.
3. The method for raising pieris rapae cocoon bee according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of the leaves of the pakchoi is at least 6.
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