CN113287456A - Biological control method for fall webworms - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241001481304 Vespoidea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000256856 Vespidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 241001149558 Trichoderma virens Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000256846 Apis cerana Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001641310 Cunea Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000256248 Spodoptera Species 0.000 description 6
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- 241000256251 Spodoptera frugiperda Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000022314 Trichospilus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000922327 Chouioia cunea Species 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological control method for fall webworms, which comprises the following steps: in the fall larva stage of fall webworm: cutting out larva net curtains and damaged branches, bagging and sealing the cut branches and net curtains, and burning the cut branches and net curtains away from the garden; in the mature larva stage of fall webworm: before American white moth mature larvae start to get off the trees and pupate, tightly surrounding and binding the trunks at the positions 0.8-1.8 meters away from the ground by using hay, binding for a circle, inducing the mature larvae to pupate in the trunks, changing grass bundles every 5-7 days during pupation, bagging and sealing the changed grass bundles, and carrying out centralized burning when the changed grass bundles leave the garden; in the early stage of pupation of fall webworms: parasitic wasps are released, and the wasps are continuously released for twice control. The biological control method for the fall webworms is simple, and adopts a means of combining artificial physical control and biological control to control the generation and propagation of the fall webworms, thoroughly control the population base and propagation and diffusion of the fall webworms, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides and improve the yield and quality of agricultural products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to a biological control method for fall webworms.
Background
The fall webworm Hyphantia cunea (Drury) native North America is a quarantine pest worldwide. The method is firstly discovered in the Dandong of China in 1979, then quickly spreads to the areas of Liaoning, Jilin, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Henan, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui and the like. Because of the food habit, the occurrence amount is large, the spread is fast, and the leaves of the damaged plants are not stored and the damage is very serious. The natural enemies of the American white moth include ichneumon fly, bracon, hornet, nibblebee, bracon, trichogramma, walker, mantis and the like, wherein Chouioia cunea Yang is the most widely studied and applied chouiea Yang. Chouioia cunea Yang is an endoparasitic natural enemy of the fall webworm, named in 1989 by the Yang loyalty researcher, and has been described and studied for morphology and behavior.
The existing technology for preventing and treating fall webworms adopts a light induction method to perform physical prevention and treatment, and sprays medicaments containing chlorbenzuron No. 3, diflubenzuron, triflumuron, kuh-seng nicotine and the like on the ground and an airplane to perform chemical prevention and treatment. At present, the control effect of the fall webworm is greatly different due to different control technical links and measures and different dosages of used pesticide varieties. With the gradual improvement of the legislation work of banning the use of highly toxic pesticides and protecting ecological environment, the research on how to reduce environmental pollution and protect natural enemy species and the research on new technology, new process and new method for preventing forest diseases and insect pests by a pollution-free method are still a long-term and difficult task in the future. Therefore, a biological control method for the fall webworm is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a biological control method for fall webworms, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a biological control method for fall webworms specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, in the young stage of fall webworms: cutting out larva net curtains and damaged branches, bagging and sealing the cut branches and net curtains, and burning the cut branches and net curtains away from the garden;
step two, in the mature larva stage of the fall webworms: before American white moth mature larvae start to get off the trees and pupate, tightly surrounding and binding the trunks at the positions 0.8-1.8 meters away from the ground by using hay, binding for a circle, inducing the mature larvae to pupate in the trunks, changing grass bundles every 5-7 days during pupation, bagging and sealing the changed grass bundles, and carrying out centralized burning when the changed grass bundles leave the garden;
step three, in the initial stage of pupation of the fall webworms: parasitic wasps are released, and the wasps are continuously released for twice control.
Preferably, in the second step, the hay is any one of cereal grass, rice straw, wheat straw and weeds.
Preferably, in the third step, the parasitic wasp release is released according to the benefit-harm ratio of 3-4: 1.
Preferably, in the third step, the breeding of the parasitic wasp comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bee species: collecting pupa Bombycis Mori parasitized by Hypocrea virens in field, placing in a thermostat, and culturing at constant temperature until emergence of bees;
s2, bee receiving: 2-3 cuts are cut on the tussah cocoons, and the seed bees of the hyphantria cunea (trichoderma albicans Yang & Wang) are inoculated, wherein the ratio of bee pupae is 50-60: 1;
s3, culture and development: and (3) breeding the parasitized pupae in a thermostat for 5-7 days, and refrigerating the pupae in a refrigerator at 5 ℃.
Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of the incubator is kept at 25 to 28 ℃ and the humidity is kept at 75 to 85%.
Preferably, in the S2, the temperature of the bee inoculation is kept at 22-24 ℃, the humidity is 70-75%, and the bee inoculation time is 24-36 hours.
Preferably, in the S3, the temperature of the incubator is maintained at 27 ℃ and the humidity is 78%.
Preferably, in the third step, before the parasitic wasps are released, the pupae parasitized by the hyphantria cunea white-horn giggle which is refrigerated in a refrigerator at the temperature of 5 ℃ is taken out in advance and put into a thermostat for temperature return treatment, the starting temperature of the thermostat is 14 ℃, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 2 hours until the temperature is raised to 26 ℃, and then the pupa is cultivated at constant temperature until the hyphantria cunea white-horn giggle begins to feather out the wasps.
Preferably, in the third step, the interval between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is 3-5 days, and the first bee releasing are both selected from sunny days without strong wind and with the temperature of more than 24 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, different insecticidal means are adopted according to different growth periods of the fall webworms, and a means combining artificial physical control and biological control is adopted, so that the generation and the propagation of the fall webworms are controlled, the population base number and the propagation and the diffusion of the fall webworms are thoroughly controlled, the use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the yield and the quality of agricultural products are improved;
2. according to the invention, the tussah cocoon is taken as a host, the breeding bees of the hyphantria cunea white-horned beehive are inoculated, parasitic bees are bred indoors, a large amount of parasitic natural enemies are artificially produced, field release is carried out, the population quantity of the Spodoptera frugiperda can be controlled, and the harm of the Spodoptera frugiperda to crops is reduced;
3. the invention successfully realizes the low-temperature preservation of the Hypocrea virens, makes the large-scale storage and application of the Hypocrea virens possible, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a biological control method for fall webworms according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a breeding flow chart of parasitic wasps in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-2, a biological control method for fall webworms specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, in the young stage of fall webworms: cutting out larva net curtains and damaged branches, bagging and sealing the cut branches and net curtains, and burning the cut branches and net curtains away from the garden;
step two, in the mature larva stage of the fall webworms: before American white moth mature larvae start to come off the tree and pupate, tightly binding the trunks at the positions 0.8-1.8 meters away from the ground by hay, binding for a circle, inducing the mature larvae to pupate in the trunks, wherein the hay is any one of cereal grass, rice straw, wheat straw and weeds, changing grass stalks every 7 days during pupation, bagging and sealing the changed grass stalks, and carrying out centralized burning after leaving the garden;
step three, in the initial stage of pupation of the fall webworms: releasing parasitic wasps, continuously releasing the wasps for controlling twice, and releasing the parasitic wasps according to the benefit-to-pest ratio of 4: 1; the interval between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is 5 days, and the first bee releasing are both selected from sunny days without strong wind and with the temperature of more than 24 ℃; before parasitic wasps are released, pupae parasitized by the Hypocrea virens which are refrigerated in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ are taken out and put into a thermostat for temperature return treatment, the starting temperature of the thermostat is 14 ℃, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 2 hours until the temperature is raised to 26 ℃, and then the pupae are cultivated at constant temperature until the Hypocrea virens begin to feather out of the wasps.
The breeding of the parasitic wasp comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bee species: collecting pupa Bombycis Mori parasitized by Hypocrea virens in field, placing in a thermostat, culturing at constant temperature until emergence of bees, maintaining the thermostat at 28 deg.C and humidity of 85%;
s2, bee receiving: cutting 3 cuts of the tussah cocoons, inoculating the seed bees of the hyphantria cunea (Trichospilus albicans Yang & Wang) with the bee pupa ratio of 60:1, keeping the temperature of the inoculated bees at 24 ℃, the humidity at 75 percent and the inoculation time at 36 hours;
s3, culture and development: and (3) breeding the parasitized pupa in an incubator, keeping the breeding temperature of the incubator at 27 ℃ and the humidity of 78%, and refrigerating the pupa in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ after breeding for 7 days.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1-2, a biological control method for fall webworms specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, in the young stage of fall webworms: cutting out larva net curtains and damaged branches, bagging and sealing the cut branches and net curtains, and burning the cut branches and net curtains away from the garden;
step two, in the mature larva stage of the fall webworms: before American white moth mature larvae start to come off the tree and pupate, tightly binding the trunks at the positions 0.8-1.8 meters away from the ground by hay, binding for a circle, inducing the mature larvae to pupate in the trunks, wherein the hay is any one of cereal grass, rice straw, wheat straw and weeds, changing grass stalks every 5 days during pupation, bagging and sealing the changed grass stalks, and carrying out centralized burning after leaving the garden;
step three, in the initial stage of pupation of the fall webworms: releasing parasitic wasps, continuously releasing the wasps for controlling twice, and releasing the parasitic wasps according to the benefit-to-pest ratio of 3: 1; the interval between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is 3 days, and the first bee releasing are both selected from sunny days without strong wind and with the temperature of more than 24 ℃; before parasitic wasps are released, pupae parasitized by the Hypocrea virens which are refrigerated in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ are taken out and put into a thermostat for temperature return treatment, the starting temperature of the thermostat is 14 ℃, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 2 hours until the temperature is raised to 26 ℃, and then the pupae are cultivated at constant temperature until the Hypocrea virens begin to feather out of the wasps.
The breeding of the parasitic wasp comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bee species: collecting pupa Bombycis Mori parasitized by Hypocrea virens in field, placing in a thermostat, culturing at constant temperature until emergence of bees, maintaining the thermostat at 25 deg.C and humidity of 75%;
s2, bee receiving: cutting 2 cuts of tussah cocoons, inoculating the seed bees of the hyphantria cunea (Trichospilus albicans Yang & Wang) with a bee pupa ratio of 50:1, keeping the temperature of the inoculated bees at 24 ℃, keeping the humidity at 70% and keeping the inoculation time at 24 hours;
s3, culture and development: and (3) breeding the parasitized pupa in an incubator, keeping the breeding temperature of the incubator at 27 ℃ and the humidity of 78%, and refrigerating the pupa in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ after breeding for 5 days.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1-2, a biological control method for fall webworms specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, in the young stage of fall webworms: cutting out larva net curtains and damaged branches, bagging and sealing the cut branches and net curtains, and burning the cut branches and net curtains away from the garden;
step two, in the mature larva stage of the fall webworms: before American white moth mature larvae begin to come off the tree and pupate, the trunk leaves 0.8-1.8 meters away from the ground, the trunk is tightly bound by hay, the hay is bound for a circle, the mature larvae are induced to pupate in the trunk, the hay is any one of cereal grass, rice straw, wheat straw and weeds, a straw is replaced every 5-7 days during pupation, the replaced straw is bagged and sealed, and the bag is taken away from the garden and is burnt out intensively;
step three, in the initial stage of pupation of the fall webworms: releasing parasitic wasps, continuously releasing the wasps for controlling twice, and releasing the parasitic wasps according to the benefit-to-pest ratio of 4: 1; the interval between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is 4 days, and the first bee releasing are both selected from sunny days without strong wind and with the temperature of more than 24 ℃; before parasitic wasps are released, pupae parasitized by the Hypocrea virens which are refrigerated in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ are taken out and put into a thermostat for temperature return treatment, the starting temperature of the thermostat is 14 ℃, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 2 hours until the temperature is raised to 26 ℃, and then the pupae are cultivated at constant temperature until the Hypocrea virens begin to feather out of the wasps.
The breeding of the parasitic wasp comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bee species: collecting pupa Bombycis Mori parasitized by Hypocrea virens in field, placing in a thermostat, culturing at constant temperature until emergence of bees, maintaining the thermostat at 27 deg.C and humidity of 80%;
s2, bee receiving: cutting 2 cuts of tussah cocoons, inoculating the seed bees of the hyphantria cunea (Trichospilus albicans Yang & Wang) with a bee pupa ratio of 55:1, keeping the temperature of the inoculated bees at 23 ℃, keeping the humidity at 73%, and keeping the inoculation time at 30 hours;
s3, culture and development: and (3) breeding the parasitized pupa in an incubator, keeping the breeding temperature of the incubator at 27 ℃ and the humidity of 78%, and refrigerating the pupa in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ after breeding for 6 days.
The three groups of embodiments all adopt tussah cocoons as hosts, the breeding bees of the Spodoptera cunea are inoculated to the Aphidae cunea, parasitic bees are bred indoors, a large number of parasitic natural enemies are artificially produced and released in the field, the population quantity of the Spodoptera frugiperda can be controlled, the harm to crops is reduced, different insect killing means are adopted according to different growth periods of the Spodoptera cunea, and the means of combining artificial physical control and biological control are adopted, so that the generation and the propagation of the Spodoptera cunea are controlled, the population quantity and the propagation diffusion of the Spodoptera cunea are thoroughly controlled, the usage amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, the yield and the quality of agricultural products are improved, in addition, the invention successfully realizes the low-temperature preservation of the Spodoptera cunea virescens, the large-scale storage and the application of the Spodoptera cunea virescens are possible, and the application prospect is wide.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A biological control method for fall webworms is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, in the young stage of fall webworms: cutting out larva net curtains and damaged branches, bagging and sealing the cut branches and net curtains, and burning the cut branches and net curtains away from the garden;
step two, in the mature larva stage of the fall webworms: before American white moth mature larvae start to get off the trees and pupate, tightly surrounding and binding the trunks at the positions 0.8-1.8 meters away from the ground by using hay, binding for a circle, inducing the mature larvae to pupate in the trunks, changing grass bundles every 5-7 days during pupation, bagging and sealing the changed grass bundles, and carrying out centralized burning when the changed grass bundles leave the garden;
step three, in the initial stage of pupation of the fall webworms: parasitic wasps are released, and the wasps are continuously released for twice control.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the second step, the hay is any one of cereal grass, rice straw, wheat straw and weeds.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the third step, the parasitic wasp release is released according to the benefit-harm ratio of 3-4: 1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the third step, the breeding of the parasitic wasp comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bee species: collecting pupa Bombycis Mori parasitized by Hypocrea virens in field, placing in a thermostat, and culturing at constant temperature until emergence of bees;
s2, bee receiving: 2-3 cuts are cut on the tussah cocoons, and the seed bees of the hyphantria cunea (trichoderma albicans Yang & Wang) are inoculated, wherein the ratio of bee pupae is 50-60: 1;
s3, culture and development: and (3) breeding the parasitized pupae in a thermostat for 5-7 days, and refrigerating the pupae in a refrigerator at 5 ℃.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises: in the step S1, the temperature of the constant temperature box is kept at 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is 75-85%.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises: in the S2, the temperature of the bee inoculation is kept at 22-24 ℃, the humidity is 70-75%, and the bee inoculation time is 24-36 hours.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises: in the S3, the temperature of the incubator is maintained at 27 ℃ and the humidity is 78%.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the third step, before parasitic wasps are released, pupae which are refrigerated in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ and are parasitized by the hyphantria cunea white-horn apis cerana are taken out in advance and put into a thermostat for temperature return treatment, the starting temperature of the thermostat is 14 ℃, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every 2 hours until the temperature is raised to 26 ℃, and then the pupa is cultured at constant temperature until the hyphantria cunea white-horn apis cerana begin to feather and emerge.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the third step, the interval between the first bee releasing and the second bee releasing is 3-5 days, and the first bee releasing are both selected from sunny days without strong wind and with the temperature of more than 24 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114532312A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Trapping investigation method and trapping device for fall webworm overwintering pupae |
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| CN111165234A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-05-19 | 湖南捷力洲有害生物防制有限公司 | Biological control method for fall webworms |
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