CN113040097A - Parasitic wasp artificial feeding method taking mulberry borer as host - Google Patents

Parasitic wasp artificial feeding method taking mulberry borer as host Download PDF

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CN113040097A
CN113040097A CN202110273546.4A CN202110273546A CN113040097A CN 113040097 A CN113040097 A CN 113040097A CN 202110273546 A CN202110273546 A CN 202110273546A CN 113040097 A CN113040097 A CN 113040097A
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parasitic
mulberry
wasp
wasps
larva
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邢晓蓉
严孟文
陈洪超
杨学钧
耿丽恬
沈翔宇
吴福安
王俊
盛晟
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates

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Abstract

A method for artificially breeding parasitic wasp with Diatra (Diatra nubilalis) as host comprises collecting larva of Diatra nubilalis from field, placing into a container with folium Mori, and collecting parasitic wasp cocoon after the larva of parasitic wasp drills out of host body to form cocoons; placing parasitic bee cocoons in a glass test tube, and feeding honey water every day after the parasitic bees emerge; the raised adult parasitic wasps are used for parasitizing, and when parasitizing, the transparent container is used as a spawning place to be accessed into the larva of the sesamia suppressalis for parasitizing the parasitic wasps; after the parasitization is finished, the mulberry borer larva and the parasitic wasp are respectively collected, the mulberry borer larva is raised until the offspring wasp of the parasitic wasp is drilled out of the host body, and the parasitic wasp is used for subsequent parasitization again. The method for breeding the mole parasitic wasps has the advantages of high parasitic efficiency, small loss, simple and convenient operation and low cost, expands host sources of the mole parasitic wasps, is beneficial to indoor large-scale production of the mulberry pest parasitic wasps, and lays a good foundation for field biological control work of the mulberry borers.

Description

Parasitic wasp artificial feeding method taking mulberry borer as host
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests, and relates to an artificial feeding method of parasitic wasps taking mulleria furnacalis as hosts.
Background
The mulberry pests are various, and in recent years, some pests are increasingly serious and seriously threaten the development of the sericulture industry. The mulberry borers Glyphodedes pyloalis (Walker) is one of major pests of mulberry trees, has extremely strong catastrophe resistance, even if the insect source base number is very low, once the environment is proper, the mulberry borers can rapidly burst and cause disasters in a short period, so that the mulberry leaves are reduced in yield and even dead. Meanwhile, the mulberry borer can also spread various silkworm pathogenic microorganisms, which affects the safety of silkworm breeding (Zhao Xuhua, 2013; Wu Fu an, 2015). Because the leaf roll of the larva of the mulberry borer is hidden as a pest, and the long-term unreasonable application of pesticide, the mulberry borer has serious drug resistance to the common pesticide in the mulberry field (xu jin song, 2006). Although the novel chemical pesticide can effectively inhibit outbreak of the mulberry borer population, the novel chemical pesticide has higher death risk to the silkworms belonging to the same species (Wufuan, 2007; the Dong, 2005). Therefore, the development of a novel control means for the mulberry borer is urgently needed in production.
Parasitic wasp biological control is an important component of a pest green control system and is a key development direction of future pest control work. Although natural enemy resources of mulberry pests are abundant, parasitic bee biocontrol practices of mulberry pests have been rarely developed so far. The mulberry borer parasitism natural enemy is rich in resources, and early investigation finds that the wild parasitism rate of the Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) on mulberry borer larvae is high, and the mulberry borer parasitism natural enemy has the potential of being developed into a mulberry borer biocontrol product. Meanwhile, the meteorus pulchricornis also has a high parasitic rate on larvae of other lepidoptera pests such as Spodoptera litura, Helicoverpa armigera and the like (Nakano, 2018).
At present, no report related to an artificial large-scale feeding method of the meteorus pulchricornis on which the mulworms are taken as hosts is found. Although a parasitic wasp breeding method taking lepidoptera insects such as prodenia litura and asparagus caterpillar as hosts is reported, the parasitic wasp breeding method has the characteristics of low utilization efficiency of parasitic wasps and no borer moth insects as hosts (Tourette, 2019; 2010; Sheng,2017), and particularly whether the nevus pulus hancei bred by other host insects is suitable for parasitic muller after the parasitic wasps are transferred and bred is worthy of exploration. Therefore, an effective breeding method for obtaining the meteorus pulchricornis by taking the mulworms as hosts is urgently needed to be developed, more alternative schemes are provided for expanding host sources of the meteorus pulchricornis, and good biological control factors are also provided for biologically preventing and treating the mulworms.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the method for artificially breeding the parasitic wasps by taking the mulberry borer as the host, so that the death rate of the mulberry borer before the parasitic wasps emerge is reduced, the parasitic efficiency of the nevus pulchrus is effectively improved, and the large-scale breeding is realized.
The technical scheme is as follows: an artificial breeding method of parasitic wasps taking mulberry borers as hosts comprises the following steps: (1) collecting larva of Diaphtraea (Diatraea) Guenee from field, placing into a container paved with folium Mori, and collecting parasite bee cocoon after parasite bee larva drills out host body and forms cocoons; (2) placing parasitic wasp cocoons in a glass test tube, and feeding honey water with the mass concentration of 10-20% every day after the parasitic wasps emerge, wherein the feeding amount is 0.5 ml; (3) the raised adult parasitic wasps are used for parasitizing, and when parasitizing, the transparent container is used as a spawning place to be accessed into the larva of the sesamia suppressalis for parasitizing the parasitic wasps; (4) after the parasitization is finished, the mulberry borer larva and the parasitic wasp are respectively collected, the mulberry borer larva is raised until the offspring wasp of the parasitic wasp is drilled out of the host body, and the parasitic wasp is used for subsequent parasitization again.
Preferably, the age of the mulberry borers collected in the field in the step (1) is controlled to be 2-4 years old, when the mulberry borers are brought back to the indoor for breeding, the breeding density is controlled to be within 30 heads per box, and quicklime powder is scattered at the bottom of the container.
Preferably, the honey water fed in the step (2) is 15% in concentration per day and is fed for 2-3 times per day.
Preferably, the center of the top of the transparent container in the step (3) is provided with a round hole, the round hole is provided with a reticular vent hole, and the side surface of the transparent container is provided with a hole for introducing parasitic bees; agar is paved at the bottom of the transparent container, mulberry leaves are paved on the agar, the age of the inoculated mulberry borer larvae is 2-4 years, the inoculated mulberry borer larvae are inoculated 1-3 hours before the beginning of parasitism, and the density of the inoculated mulberry borer larvae is 10-40 per box; the parasitic time is controlled to be 18-32 hours, and the density of the parasitic wasps is 1.
Preferably, in the step (4), the parasitic mulberry borer larvae are independently raised in a transparent container and fed with fresh mulberry leaves every day until parasitic bee cocoons are formed; and (3) suspending the brood and brood queen bees without parasitic experience, collecting, feeding honey water with the mass concentration of 15%, feeding 0.5 ml of honey water, and continuously parasitizing on the 2-8 th day after parasitizing.
Preferably, the folium Mori is Yun 71-1.
Has the advantages that: the method is used for inoculating the mulberry borers with age and density preference to the mulberry borers of the mole solitary bees and the mulberry borers according to the biological characteristics of the mole solitary bees and the mulberry borers, the parasitic rate is high, and the death rate of the mulberry borers before the parasitic bees emerge is low. The mulberry leaves are additionally paved at the bottom of the parasitic box, so that the parasitic efficiency of the naevus pulmonarius can be effectively improved. The parasitic effect of the parasitic female bee can improve the utilization rate of the female bee. The insect feeding and parasitic container used in the method is simple and easy to manufacture and can be reused, the method for feeding the mole-shaped solitary braconid bees taking the mulworms as hosts is simple and convenient to operate and low in cost, host sources of the mole-shaped solitary braconid bees can be expanded, indoor uninterrupted feeding of the mole-shaped solitary braconid bees by the mulworms is realized, and a good foundation is laid for large-scale breeding of the mole-shaped solitary braconid bees.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parasitic box for parasitic loranthus parasiticus of nevus pulvinus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the description of the present invention, and equivalents fall within the scope of the claims appended to the present application.
Example 1 Artificial breeding of Chondrophycus carinatus
Collecting mulberry borer larvae from the field in the full-growth period of the mulberry borers. The collected objects are mulberry borer larvae in leaf rolls at the middle lower part of each mulberry. The collected mulberry borer larvae are 1-5 instars. 100 mulberry borers were collected at each age, and the collection was repeated 3 times. And (4) bringing the collected mulberry borer larvae back to a laboratory for feeding. Separately feeding the larva of the mulberry borer at each age into a plastic small cup, feeding the mulberry borer with fresh mulberry borer every day, and collecting the parasitic wasp cocoons when the larva of the parasitic wasp climbs out of the bodies of the mulberry borer and cocoons are formed. The parasitic rate of the mulberry borers at each age is shown in table 1, and the parasitic rate of the nautilus fuscipes to the mulberry borer larvae of 2-4 ages is highest without significant difference. The emergence rate of offspring bees produced by hosts at each age has no significant difference.
TABLE 1 number of cocoons and feathering of parasitic muller sculpin mashroom collected in the field
Age of mulberry borer Percentage of parasitism% Eclosion rate%
Age 1 0±0 0±0
Age 2 17.6±5.6 75.3±11.4
Age 3 18.3±4.8 88.4±5.4
Age 4 16.8±1.6 90.5±9.9
Age 5 5.4±2.6 82.5±2.3
Example 2 Artificial breeding of Chondrophycus carinatus
Indoor artificial breeding experiments are carried out by taking the nevus pulchrus crawled from the mulberry borers collected in the field as the female bees. The mole-shaped suspended cocoon bee selected is 6-8 days old female bee. Setting 2 variables of the age of the host and the density of the mulworms in the parasitic box, and setting different age and host density combinations according to pairwise combination, wherein: the age of the mulworms is 1, 3 and 5, and the density of the mulworms inoculated into each box is 5, 25 and 50. Considering the size of the parasitic box and the size difference of the larva of the mulberry borer in each age stage, a specific formulation is formed as shown in table 2. The parasitic time was 24 hours. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Table 2 shows that under the combined conditions of different host ages and densities, the indoor parasitic rate of the meteorus pulchricornis to the mulberry borer is significantly different. The nevus pulchrus molitor is preferred to be parasitic on 3-instar mullerworms, and when the host density of 3-instar mullerworm larvae is 25, the parasitic rate is highest.
TABLE 2 Moire indoor parasitic rate (%) of mole suspended cocoon bee under different age and density conditions of muller
Figure BDA0002975579240000041
Note: means that the treatment is not set
Example 3 Artificial breeding of Chondrophycus carinatus
And (3) setting parasitic combinations of the mulberry borer larvae with different instars and densities, and investigating the influence of different parasitic durations on the parasitic rate. The mole-shaped suspended cocoon bee selected is 6-8 days old female bee. As can be seen from table 3, the parasitic duration has a significant effect on the parasitic rate of the mole-suspended cocoon bee in the chamber. And the parasitic duration is closely related to the age and density processing combination of each host. When 35-head mulworms of 2 years old are contained in each box, the parasitic time is 16 hours, and the parasitic rate is highest; when the 3-year old mulberry borers are contained in 25 boxes, the parasitic time is 16 hours, and the parasitic rate is highest; when 15-head mulworms of 4 years old are contained in each box, the parasitic rate is the highest after 24 hours of parasitization.
TABLE 3 indoor parasitic rate (%)
Figure BDA0002975579240000042
Example 4 Artificial breeding of Chondrophycus carinatus
In order to improve the utilization rate of parasitic wasps, repeated parasitic is adopted for many times. The interval time between each parasitism was 1 day. The host age and density are set as 30 heads at 2 ages, 20 heads at 3 ages and 10 heads at 4 ages, and the parasitic time of each time is 24 hours respectively. Setting the time of secondary parasitism as 2-8 days. As can be seen from table 4, when 30 hosts at 2 years old are parasitized, the parasitic rate of nevus pulchrus can be kept high for 4 times; when 20 hosts at 3 years old are parasitized, the parasitizing rate can still be kept for 5 times; when 4-year-old 10-head hosts are parasitized, the parasitizing rate can still be kept higher for 5 times of parasitizing.
Table 4 influence of repeated parasitization of nevus pulvinus on parasitism rate (%),
age and density Day 1 Day 2 Day 4 Day 6 Day 8 Day 10
Age 2 30 heads 34.2±1.6 26.5±3.8 32.4±2.7 29.1±5.3 33.2±8.4 2.1±0.2
20 heads at 3 years old 37.4±6.4 29.4±4.3 35.4±4.5 25.4±1.6 30.7±2.1 5.4±1.8
4-year-old 10-head 35.5±2.6 26.4±1.4 29.6±1.5 28.8±4.3 29.4±3.5 15.6±2.9

Claims (6)

1. An artificial feeding method of parasitic wasps taking mulberry borers as hosts is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) collecting larva of Diaphtraea (Diatraea) Guenee from field, placing into a container paved with folium Mori, and collecting parasite bee cocoon after parasite bee larva drills out host body and forms cocoons; (2) placing parasitic wasp cocoons in a glass test tube, and feeding honey water with the mass concentration of 10% -20% every day after the parasitic wasps emerge, wherein the feeding amount is 0.5 ml; (3) the raised adult parasitic wasps are used for parasitizing, and when parasitizing, the transparent container is used as a spawning place to be accessed into the larva of the sesamia suppressalis for parasitizing the parasitic wasps; (4) after the parasitization is finished, the mulberry borer larva and the parasitic wasp are respectively collected, the mulberry borer larva is raised until the offspring wasp of the parasitic wasp is drilled out of the host body, and the parasitic wasp is used for subsequent parasitization again.
2. The method for artificially breeding the parasitic wasps taking the mulworms as hosts according to claim 1, wherein the age of the mulworms collected in the field in the step (1) is controlled to be 2-4 years, when the mulworms are brought back to the room for breeding, the breeding density is controlled to be within 30 boxes, and quicklime powder is scattered at the bottom of the container.
3. The method for artificially feeding parasitic wasps on which the mulleria furnacalis walker is used as the host according to claim 1, wherein the honey water is fed in the step (2) at a concentration of 15% per day for 2-3 times per day.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transparent container of step (3) has a circular hole in the center of the top, the circular hole having a mesh-like vent hole, and a hole in the side of the transparent container for introducing parasitic wasps; agar is paved at the bottom of the transparent container, mulberry leaves are paved on the agar, the age of the inoculated mulberry borer larvae is 2-4 years, the inoculated mulberry borer larvae are inoculated 1-3 hours before the beginning of parasitism, and the density of the inoculated mulberry borer larvae is 10-40 per box; the parasitic time is controlled to be 18-32 hours, and the density of the parasitic wasps is 1.
5. The method for artificially feeding parasitic wasps on which the mulworms are used as hosts according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the parasitic wasps are independently fed to the larvae of the mulworms after being parasitic in a transparent container, and are fed with fresh mulberry leaves every day until the parasitic wasp cocoons are formed; and (3) suspending the brood and brood queen bees without parasitic experience, collecting, feeding honey water with the mass concentration of 15%, feeding 0.5 ml of honey water, and continuously parasitizing on the 2-8 th day after parasitizing.
6. The method for artificially rearing parasitic wasps on the basis of the mulworms as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mulberry leaves are "Yun 71-1".
CN202110273546.4A 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Parasitic wasp artificial feeding method taking mulberry borer as host Pending CN113040097A (en)

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CN113826589A (en) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-24 江苏科技大学 Artificial breeding method for bombyx mori dominant parasitic wasps mixed in cavity
CN115885935A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-04-04 浙江大学 Method for artificially breeding nevus pulvinus

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CN113826589A (en) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-24 江苏科技大学 Artificial breeding method for bombyx mori dominant parasitic wasps mixed in cavity
CN115885935A (en) * 2022-11-30 2023-04-04 浙江大学 Method for artificially breeding nevus pulvinus

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