CN105918200A - Crab-rice symbiotic planting-breeding pool and comprehensive temperature-adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Crab-rice symbiotic planting-breeding pool and comprehensive temperature-adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105918200A CN105918200A CN201610279511.0A CN201610279511A CN105918200A CN 105918200 A CN105918200 A CN 105918200A CN 201610279511 A CN201610279511 A CN 201610279511A CN 105918200 A CN105918200 A CN 105918200A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract 38
- 241000371997 Eriocheir sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000269800 Percidae Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001582888 Lobus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000028804 PERCHING syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000207867 Pistia stratiotes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006440 Pistia stratiotes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000052355 Hydrilla verticillata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 106
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000498251 Hydrilla Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209134 Arundinaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-YKLVYJNSSA-N 18beta-glycyrrhetic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C2=CC(=O)[C@H]34)[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@H]1[C@]3(C)CC[C@H](O)C1(C)C MPDGHEJMBKOTSU-YKLVYJNSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015210 Fockea angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000186654 Fockea angustifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283080 Proboscidea <mammal> Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018927 edible plant Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002333 glycines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crab-rice symbiotic planting-breeding pool and a comprehensive temperature-adjusting method thereof. By using the crab-rice symbiotic planting-breeding pool, symbiosis and coculture of river crabs and high-straw rice can be realized; the temperature of water in the crab-rice symbiotic planting-breeding pool in hot summer can be controlled below 28 DEG C, so normal feeding and molting of the river crabs in summer can be guaranteed; ventilation, air permeation and enough illumination can be obtained among the high-straw rice; pests parasitized on rice straws can be feeds for aquatic animals like the river crabs and wild fishes; the use of a pesticide is not needed; manures excreted by the aquatic animals like the river crabs and the wild fishes are used as an organic fertilizer of the high-straw rice, so benign ecological balance is realized in the crab-rice symbiotic planting-breeding pool; farmers can simultaneously obtain high-quality organic rice with high yield and large-sized river crabs with high yield; the comprehensive productivity of a crab pool is improved; the product quality is enhanced; and the economic benefits are increased.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of crab, Oryza sativa L. symbiosis cultural technique, particularly relate to Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis kind breeding process
Reduce the technology category of high temperature season Eriocheir sinensis water temperature.
[background technology]
Crab belongs to poikilothermal animal, and body lacks thermoregulation function, and the growth of crab is had by the change of water temperature
Directly affect, determine into yield and the specification of Eriocheir sinensis, be the key factor affecting culture of Chinese mitten crab family economic benefit
One of.6-9 month is south, the Jiangsu crab growth busy season, and during culture of Chinese mitten crab, pond waters is crab
The indispensable environment of life, and water temperature is the key factor affecting crab growth.As everybody knows: the life of crab
Length is most preferably suitably 20-28 DEG C.When the water temperature in culturing pool is continuously more than 30 DEG C, crab is nearly at dormancy
State, does not ingests, not shell, does not grows, and body weight does not increase anti-fall.The generally temperature in south, Jiangsu 6-9 month
All being higher than 25 DEG C, the natural bait in pond waters is the abundantest, the growth of optimum crab, simultaneously this stage
It is increase yield before crab listing, improves the critical period of quality and specification, and can this stage crab normal
Growth not only directly influences specification and the yield of crab listing, and directly influences the economic effect of raiser
Benefit.Therefore, at high temperature season, how to reduce one of the key technology that pond waters temperature is culture of Chinese mitten crab.
In recent years, the comprehensive benefit pool cultivated in order to improve Eriocheir sinensis, people are audaciously by culture of Chinese mitten crab and rice seed
Plant and organically combine, carried out plantation and the cultivation coordinative experiments of Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis, striven obtaining raising crabs in paddy field
Or the success of Eriocheir sinensis pond kind rice, thus it is dual-purpose to realize a ground, reaches the bumper harvests of Oryza sativa L. and crab, carries with this
High farmers' income.
Existing Rice crab model is on the basis of meeting the required water level of common rice growth, by suitably
The water level improving rice field provides existence water area condition for crab growth, although the surrounding in rice field has offered water
Circular groove, but the water body volume in whole rice field is less than normal, and water level is shallower.In high temperature season, rice field
Water temperature is higher, and the water temperature of water body top layer and bottom is more or less the same, and cooling-down effect is inconspicuous, particularly exists
Hot summer, the mortality rate of crab was the highest.Owing to common rice planting density is big, cause water body light in rice field
According to deficiency, being unfavorable for the growth of crab, also limit the activity space of crab, the Oryza sativa L. cane being interweaved is also
Crab can be caused to cause deformed limb to damage in crawling process, affect crab normal growth, it is easy to cause crab
Forming specification is less than normal, and therefore, the economic benefit of Rice crab model can not reach the expection of people.Practice card
Bright, existing Rice crab model does not possess popularizing application prospect, and therefore Rice crab model is the most progressively by people
Eliminate.
Applicant teaches department as technical research and the technology of basic unit's aquaculture, endeavours this project always
Research and test, by 3 years repeat test and checking, the invention provides a kind of Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond
And comprehensive method for regulating temperature.It can effectively solve raising crabs in paddy field the ventilation of high temperature season, illumination, dissolved oxygen and
Water temperature controls a difficult problem, it is achieved Oryza sativa L. and the doulbe-sides' victory of crab, the unit are economic benefit of peasant is than single pond
The economy of crab farming and paddy field kind rice all exceeds 50%～60%, obtains testing the highly recognition at family.
[summary of the invention]
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond and comprehensive method for regulating temperature thereof, use this Eriocheir sinensis
Rice symbiosis breeding pond is capable of the symbiosis of crab and high bar Oryza sativa L. and supports a ground dual-purpose altogether, can solve water ideally
The lower water temperature difficult problem in rice field, in torridity summer can make Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond, water temperature controls below 28 DEG C,
Ensure crab summer can normally ingest, shell, the most ventilated between high bar Oryza sativa L., can obtain again enough
Illumination, colonizing in the insect pest in rice straw can become the bait of the aquatic animal such as crab and wild fishes, it is not necessary to use
Pesticide, the feces that the aquatic animal such as crab and wild fishes excretes, as the fertilizer of high bar rice, makes Eriocheir sinensis rice altogether
Non-hibernating eggs realizes optimum ecological balance in supporting pond, can make peasant obtain simultaneously high yield organic high quality paddy and
High yield, large river crabs, it reduces the photo-thermal absorption area in Eriocheir sinensis water face by high bar rice, reduces table
Layer water temperature, and combine pasture and water plantation, water level management reduces bottom water temperature further, can reduce cost simultaneously
Put into, improve crab pond comprehensive output capacity, Improving The Quality of Products, increase economic benefit.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, is characterized in that: it include the ridge, the pool, pool side district, crab perch circular groove,
Paddy fields, high bar rice, floating frame, isolation purse seine, micro-pore oxygenation are implemented, pasture and water and floating aquatic plant
Thing, rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond is rectangle, by east-west distribution, smooth at the bottom of the pond of paddy fields, the pool
The two-sided slope on the ridge is than 1:2.5, and the deep minimum-depth in pond is more than or equal to 1.5 meters, i.e. the height on the ridge, the pool can guarantee that rice Eriocheir sinensis
The useful storage degree of depth in symbiosis breeding pond reaches 1.5 meters, and described crab perches the width 5-8 rice of circular groove 3, the degree of depth
0.5-0.6 rice, it is 1-2 rice that crab perches the circular groove distance away from the ridge, the pool, i.e. the width in pool side district is 1-2 rice, in river
Eriocheir sinensis perches the bottom of circular groove and is provided with micro-pore oxygenation enforcement, and high bar rice is planted equably in paddy fields, high
The planting row spacing of bar rice and spacing in the rows are 80～100 centimetres, are all cased with a floating frame every plant height bar rice,
In floating frame and be placed with hydrophyte natantia, in paddy fields near crab perch the periphery of circular groove be provided with every
From purse seine, in circular groove is perched in pool side district and crab, compartment of terrain kind has pasture and water.
Further, the centre in paddy fields is provided with the passage that width is 3～5 meters along its length.
Further, described floating frame is annular or tetragon.
Further, described hydrophyte natantia is duckweed or water lettuce or Herba Eichhorniae.
The using method in described rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, comprises the steps:
Step one: sterilization of cleaning up the pond, in the annual 1-2 month to rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond disinfection, with life
Calx 200～250 kgs/acre carry out cleaning up the pond disinfect 20 days after upper water；
Step 2: the construction in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, at the beginning of 3 months, in crab perches circular groove, diameter 2 is transplanted at interval
The hydrilla verticillata pasture and water bunch of rice；Late March, perches in paddy fields and crab between circular groove with isolation purse seine
Isolation；
Step 3: Eriocheir sinensis kind is thrown in, perches input Eriocheir sinensis kind 1000/mu in circular groove in early April to crab, makes
Crab is supported in crab perches circular groove temporarily；
Step 4: plant high bar rice, plants the rice shoot of high bar rice mid-June in paddy fields, and every cave plants
Rice transplanting Seedling 3-5 strain, line-spacing and spacing in the rows that high bar rice is planted are 0.8 meter × 0.8 meter, in paddy fields
Between leave and take the passage that 3-5 rice is wide along its length；
Step 5: remove isolation purse seine sunshading and temperature reducing, remove isolation purse seine by the end of July after rice shoot tiller, make
Crab seeks food in being freely accessible to paddy fields and perches, and meanwhile, on every plant height bar rice, set puts a floating
Frame, and in floating frame, throw in hydrophyte natantia, hydrophyte natantia is in every plant height bar rice place water surface shape
Becoming sunshade district, hydrophyte natantia is not only suction sun shade, and is that crab extremely likes edible plant
Food, hydrophyte natantia can effectively reduce sunlight to the direct irradiation of water body in pond, can have at hot summer
Effect reduces the water temperature in pond, and crab extremely likes delicate root hair and blade, the crab of edible hydrophyte natantia
Edible hydrophyte natantia can increase crab food plant amount, promotes crab growth, can improve again crab product
Matter and body weight specification.
Comprehensive water-body method for regulating temperature in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond of the present invention is as follows:
At the end of May, discharge water in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, make the water level of paddy fields be adjusted to 25-30 centimetre,
And according to high bar rice growing way, gradually step up water level, but water level must not flood high bar rice lobus cardiacus, regulation rice Eriocheir sinensis is altogether
It is the first measure that pool inner water body carries out temperature control that non-hibernating eggs supports the water level in pond；High bar rice temperature control, due to tiller
After the stem and leaf that surfaces of high bar rice form tree-shaped cover from sun, the high bar rice of rational close planting can be to the water in pond
Body carries out temperature control, and this is the second temperature control measure to rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pool inner water body temperature control；In floating frame
Throw in hydrophyte natantia, specific water surface sunshade district can be formed in the surrounding of every plant height bar rice cane, thus reach
To the effect of cooling, this is the 3rd temperature control measure to rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pool inner water body temperature control, by above-mentioned
The also use of three kinds of temperature control measures, can effectively reduce the temperature of torridity summer rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pool inner water body,
Water body dissolved oxygen amount can be increased again throughout the year, keep suitable illumination.
Applicant carried out contrast test, by the Eriocheir sinensis pond kind rice three kinds of raising crabs in paddy field, pond crab farming and the present invention
Scheme is compared, and carries out water temperature test Record Comparison every day on the 30th from June 1 to JIUYUE, and table 1 is to carry
Take the temperature measurement data relative analysis table of the most monthly 19 days.
Table 1 Three models water body top layer and near-bottom temperature contrast table
Through Experimental Comparison, under equal conditions, the present invention, compared with comparison Eriocheir sinensis pond, July 19, works as the external world
Temperature is when 36.4 DEG C, and the water body skin temperature in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond only has 27.3 DEG C, and pond crab farming
In pond, water body skin temperature is up to 35.1 DEG C, the water temperature of raising crabs in paddy field Tanaka then up to 35.6 DEG C, it follows that
The water temperature ensured in pond during the broiling summer, rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond is used to control below 28 DEG C, and the side of comparison
Case then can not realize.
Under such conditions, oxygen-enriched, illumination and the living environment of preference temperature can be provided for the growth of crab,
Ensureing that crab growth is unaffected, Oryza sativa L. also can reach maturity normally, the crab obtained by this method
It is non-polluted farm product with rice.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the one of A direction view in Fig. 1, and wherein, floating frame is circular；
Fig. 3 be Fig. 2 be the another kind of the A direction view of Fig. 1, wherein, floating frame is tetragon；
In figure, the ridge, the 1-pool；2-pool side district；3-crab perches circular groove；4-paddy fields；5-height bar rice；
6-floating frame；7-isolates purse seine；8-micro-pore oxygenation is implemented；9-pasture and water；10-hydrophyte natantia.
[detailed description of the invention]
Describe the detailed description of the invention of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, real with Changzhou Jintan district of Jiangsu Province
As a example by executing the present invention:
A kind of Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond, as shown in FIG. 1 to 3, it includes that the ridge, the pool 1, pool side district 2, crab perch
Circular groove 3, paddy fields 4, high bar rice 5, floating frame 6, isolation purse seine 7, micro-pore oxygenation facility 8, pasture and water 9
With hydrophyte natantia 10, Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond is rectangle, and by east-west distribution, pond is wide 500 meters,
Pond length 2000 meters, the two-sided slope on the ridge, the pool 1 is than 1:2.5, smooth at the bottom of the pond of paddy fields 4, paddy fields 4
Minimum-depth is more than or equal to 1.5 meters, i.e. the height on the ridge, the pool 1 can guarantee that the useful storage degree of depth in Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond
Reaching 1.5 meters, described crab perches the width 8 meters of circular groove 3, the degree of depth 0.6 meter, and crab perches circular groove 3 away from the ridge, the pool
Distance is 2 meters, i.e. the width in pool side district 2 is 2 meters, and the bottom perching circular groove 3 crab is provided with micro-pore oxygenation in fact
Executing 8, high bar rice 5 is planted equably in paddy fields 4, and planting row spacing and the spacing in the rows of high bar rice 5 are 80
Centimetre, all it is cased with a floating frame 6 every plant height bar rice 5, in floating frame 6 and be placed with hydrophyte natantia 10,
Perch the periphery of circular groove 3 in paddy fields 4 near crab and be provided with isolation purse seine 7, dwell in pool side district 2 and crab
In breath circular groove 3, compartment of terrain kind has pasture and water 9.
The using method in Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond is as follows:
Within the annual 1-2 month, Eriocheir sinensis rice symbiosis breeding pond is transformed, and with quick lime 200～250 kilograms/
Mu carries out sterilization of cleaning up the pond；At the beginning of 3 months, in crab perches circular groove 3, it is spaced 5 meters, transplants cluster diameter 2 meters
Hydrilla verticillata；Late March, perches in paddy fields 4 and crab and isolates with isolation purse seine 7 between circular groove 3,
Early April, in crab perches circular groove, throw in Eriocheir sinensis kind 1000/mu, make crab perch circular groove 3 crab raw
Live；Mid-June, planting the rice shoot of high bar rice 5 in paddy fields 4, rice shoot 3-5 strain is planted in every cave,
Line-spacing and spacing in the rows that high bar rice 5 is planted are 0.8 meter × 0.8 meter, in the centre of paddy fields 4 along length side
To leaving and taking 5 meters of wide passages；By the end of July, after rice shoot tiller, isolation purse seine 7 is removed, every plant height bar rice 5
Upper set puts a floating frame 6, and throws in hydrophyte natantia 10 in floating frame 6, its objective is in every strain
The high bar rice 5 place water surface forms sunshade district, and hydrophyte natantia 10 is not only suction sun shade, can effectively subtract
Few sunlight is to the direct irradiation of water body in pond, it is thus possible to the water temperature in hot summer reduces pond, and floating
The root hair of water plant 10 delicacy is the vegetation foodstuff of crab, can increase crab food plant amount, promotes river
Eriocheir sinensis grows, and improves crab quality and body weight specification.
Pond is east-west in this example, smooth at the bottom of pond, and row, than 1:2.5, the useful storage degree of depth 1.5 meters, is entered in slope
Water system support, escaping-preventing facilities, micro-pore oxygenation are self-contained；Along pond bottom at 2 meters of the ridge, the pool, surrounding is opened
Dig circular groove, circular groove wide 8 meters, deep 0.6 meter, after the leveling of intermediate rectangular field, be used for kind of a rice；Along rectangle field surrounding
0.6 meter of high purse seine is installed, removes after rice shoot tiller；Early Febuary, it is filled to more than rectangle field 0.1 meter,
Use full pond after quick lime 200 kgs/acre is watered to sprinkle and water, kill harmful organism and pathogenic bacteria；Mid-March, at ring
In ditch, the hydrilla verticillata of cluster diameter 2 meters is transplanted at 5 meters of interval；Late March, uses biological organic fertilizer 50 public affairs for every mu
Jin, cultivates water body useful algae group, benthon, promotes pasture and water root growth；Mid-April, select limbs
Entirely, mobility is strong, anosis is thrown in circular groove without the local self-fertile button Eriocheir sinensis of wound, and stocking size is 120/kilogram,
Throw in 1000 for every mu；Mid-May, selecting pond to plant special high bar rice seed rice seedling, mid-June is in side
Shape field beds out young rice plants according to sphere of movements for the elephants type or " well " font, and rice shoot 3-5 strain is planted in every cave, and line space is 0.8 meter
× 0.8 meter, in the middle of every piece of rice seedlings, leave and take 5 meters of wide passages, meanwhile, in the channel at interval of 5 meters, transplant cluster
The hydrilla verticillata of a diameter of 2 meters, at heading stage, high bar rice coverage rate reaches the 40%-50% of the gross area, and pasture and water cover
Rate reaches about 15%；April based on pellet, animal bait of throwing something and feeding the 5-9 month, Semen Glycines of throwing something and feeding after October,
Semen Maydis, day feeding volume account for the 7% of Eriocheir sinensis gross weight, and the condition such as weather, temperature that combines suitably adjusts, and mixes in right amount
Mix Chinese herbal medicine and improve crab immunity；The 6-9 month, used a biological preparation regulating water quality every 15 days, 15 days
In used a substrate modifier every 7 days and improve bottom material of pond for breeding, improve water transparency, and become according to weather
Change, open micro-pore oxygenation facility in good time；On the basis of guaranteeing crab growth demand, according to high bar rice growing way,
Gradually stepping up water level, water level is advisable not flood high bar rice lobus cardiacus, keep July the water surface away from bottom of trench 0.8-0.9 rice,
8-10 month water level rises to 1-1.2 rice, prevents high bar rice from lodging；Early October, place cage at circular groove and fish for crab,
Residue crab disposably catches clean after Oryza glutinosa gathers in；Mid-October, water is discharged, retain circular groove water level 0.5
Rice, after dry in the sun rectangle field 5-7 days, utilizes harvester to complete Oryza glutinosa harvesting.
Claims (6)
1. a rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, is characterized in that: it includes the ridge, the pool (1), pool side district (2), crab
Perch circular groove (3), paddy fields (4), high bar rice (5), floating frame (6), isolation purse seine (7),
Micro-pore oxygenation implements (8), pasture and water (9) and hydrophyte natantia (10), and rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond is rectangular
Shape, by east-west distribution, smooth at the bottom of the pond of paddy fields (4), the two-sided slope of the ridge, the pool (1) than 1:2.5,
The minimum-depth of Chi Shen is more than or equal to 1.5 meters, i.e. the height of the ridge, the pool (1) can guarantee that having of rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond
Effect water-storage depth reaches 1.5 meters, and described crab perches the width 5 meters～8 meters of circular groove (3), the degree of depth 0.5 meter～0.6 meter,
It is 1 meter～2 meters that crab perches the circular groove (3) distance away from the ridge, the pool, i.e. the width of pool side district (2) is 1 meter～2 meters,
The bottom perching circular groove (3) crab is provided with micro-pore oxygenation enforcement (8), and high bar rice (5) is planted equably
In paddy fields (4), planting row spacing and the spacing in the rows of high bar rice (5) are 80 centimetres～100 centimetres,
A floating frame (6) all it is cased with, in floating frame (6) and be placed with floating aquatic every plant height bar rice (5)
Plant (10), the periphery perching circular groove (3) near crab in paddy fields (4) is provided with isolation purse seine (7),
In circular groove (3) is perched in pool side district (2) and crab, compartment of terrain kind has pasture and water (9).
Described rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in paddy fields (4)
Centre be provided with the passage that width is 3～5 meters along its length.
Described rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described floating frame (6) is
Annular or tetragon.
Described rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hydrophyte natantia
(10) it is duckweed or water lettuce or Herba Eichhorniae.
5. the using method in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond described in claim 1, comprises the steps:
Step one: sterilization of cleaning up the pond, in the annual 1-2 month to rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond disinfection, with life
Calx 200～250 kgs/acre carry out cleaning up the pond disinfect 20 days after upper water；
Step 2: the construction in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, at the beginning of 3 months, in crab perches circular groove (3), interval is transplanted
The hydrilla verticillata pasture and water bunch of diameter 2 meters；Late March, perches circular groove (3) in paddy fields (4) with crab
Between with isolation purse seine (7) isolation；
Step 3: Eriocheir sinensis kind is thrown in, perches input Eriocheir sinensis kind 1000/mu in circular groove in early April to crab, makes
Crab is supported in crab perches circular groove (3) temporarily；
Step 4: plant high bar rice, plants the seedling of high bar rice (5) mid-June in paddy fields (4)
Seedling, every cave plants rice shoot 3-5 strain, and line-spacing and spacing in the rows that high bar rice (5) is planted are 0.8 meter × 0.8 meter,
The passage that 3-5 rice is wide is left and taken along its length in the centre of paddy fields (4)；
Step 5: remove isolation purse seine sunshading and temperature reducing, remove isolation purse seine (7) by the end of July after rice shoot tiller,
Make crab seek food in being freely accessible to paddy fields (4) to perch, meanwhile, on every plant height bar rice (5)
Set puts a floating frame (6), and throws in hydrophyte natantia (10) in floating frame (6), floating aquatic
Plant (10) forms sunshade district at every plant height bar rice (5) place water surface, and hydrophyte natantia (10) is not only
It is to inhale sun shade, and is that crab extremely likes edible vegetation foodstuff, hydrophyte natantia (10) energy
Effectively minimizing sunlight, to the direct irradiation of water body in pond, can effectively reduce the water temperature in pond, river at hot summer
Eriocheir sinensis extremely likes delicate root hair and the blade of edible hydrophyte natantia (10), and crab eats floating aquatic plant
Thing (10) can increase crab food plant amount, promotes crab growth, can improve again crab quality and body weight
Specification.
6. the comprehensive water-body method for regulating temperature in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond described in claim 1 is as follows:
At the end of May, discharge water in rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond, make the water level of paddy fields (4) be adjusted to 25-30
Centimetre, and according to high bar rice (5) growing way, gradually step up water level, but water level must not flood high bar rice (5)
Lobus cardiacus, the water level in regulation rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pond is the first measure that pool inner water body carries out temperature control；High bar
Rice (5) temperature control, the stem and leaf surfaced due to the high bar rice (5) after tiller forms tree-shaped cover from sun, closes
The high bar rice (5) of reason dense planting can carry out temperature control to the water body in pond, and this is to rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pool inner water body
Second temperature control measure of temperature control；Hydrophyte natantia (10) is thrown in floating frame (6), can be at every plant height
The surrounding of bar rice (5) cane forms specific water surface sunshade district, thus reaches the effect of cooling, and this is to rice Eriocheir sinensis
3rd temperature control measure of symbiosis breeding pool inner water body temperature control, by the also use of above-mentioned three kinds of temperature control measures, can
Effectively reduce the temperature of torridity summer rice Eriocheir sinensis symbiosis breeding pool inner water body, water body dissolved oxygen amount can be increased again throughout the year,
Keep suitable illumination.
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| CN110896798A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Three-dimensional comprehensive planting and breeding method |
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| CN112369292A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 永新县木山子农产品专业合作社 | Self-guided comprehensive planting and breeding method for rice and crabs |
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