CN112930983A - Method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN112930983A CN112930983A CN202110238346.5A CN202110238346A CN112930983A CN 112930983 A CN112930983 A CN 112930983A CN 202110238346 A CN202110238346 A CN 202110238346A CN 112930983 A CN112930983 A CN 112930983A
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- soil
- fumigant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting, and relates to the field of vegetable planting. The method for preventing and controlling the underground pests in vegetable planting based on the underground pests in vegetable planting comprises the following steps: soil pretreatment, namely turning soil for planting vegetables to deeply plough, and harrowing the turned soil into particles with the diameter of 0-2 cm; naturally drying the scattered surface soil, ridging after controlling the relative humidity to be 20-30%, uniformly forming a plurality of holes at the top of the ridge, and forming the holes with the depth of 12-18cm and the radius of 3.5-5 cm; soil fumigation, namely injecting a fumigant into soil in the ridge, and completely covering holes for injecting the fumigant with the soil after injection to prevent gas of the fumigant from leaking into the air before film covering; then, a light-transmitting film is covered above the soil, and the film edge of the light-transmitting film is sealed by the soil. The invention pretreats the soil, fumigates the soil, deflates the soil, tries to plant the soil, has simple operation, good culture effect and high insect prevention efficiency, and improves the quality of the vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, people pay more and more attention to ingested nutrition, particularly the requirement on the quality of vegetables is higher and higher, the pest and disease damage is an important factor influencing the planting yield and quality of the vegetables, and the prevention and the control of the pest and disease damage are always important in the whole planting process of the vegetables.
The applicant finds that a Chinese patent discloses a method for preventing and controlling underground pests in vegetable planting through retrieval when applying the invention, the application number is 201610923591.9, the patent inoculates spore powder of a plurality of cordyceps sinensis on insects, then grinds the insects which are infected to be dead into powder, and finally buries the insect powder near the roots of the vegetables at regular time. The invention uses a single strain, reduces the effect of mutual competitive inhibition among multiple strains in the culture process, and greatly shortens the culture time of the strains and sporophytes; the survival ability of the bacterial strain spores in the natural environment is enhanced after the insect bodies are infected, so that the storage requirement is reduced; the application adopts a landfill method, so that the duration and the effective time of the cordyceps sinensis are longer in the soil, and the effect of controlling soil shallow insect pests is obviously enhanced. The applicant finds that Chinese patent discloses a pesticide application method for preventing and controlling vegetable soil insects through retrieval when applying the invention,
the patent application number is "201610923695. X", which comprises the following steps: when the ridge is prepared in the early stage of vegetable planting, the biological insect-proof powder is buried in the soil, the burying depth is 15-25cm, the spacing between every two buried points is 30-45cm, and the soil is not watered; burying insect powder at a position 8-12 cm away from the root of the vegetable seedling within one week after vegetable seedling planting or seedling emergence, wherein the burying amount is 5-8g, the burying depth is 4-10cm, and watering is not carried out on the burying day; placing insect powder on the surface of the soil at a distance of 30-45cm at a place of 3-8g per place in a second week of field planting or seedling emergence of the vegetable seedlings, and not watering the vegetable seedlings on the same day after the placement. The method adopts a landfill method when being applied, can lead a plurality of cordyceps sinensis to last longer in soil, obviously enhances the effect of controlling soil shallow insect pests, has high culture cost, and leads the product vegetable to have higher sale price.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting, which solves the problem of insect prevention in the existing vegetable planting process.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a vegetable planting underground pest control method comprises the following steps:
s 1: soil pretreatment, namely turning soil for planting vegetables to deeply plough, and harrowing the turned soil into particles with the diameter of 0-2 cm; naturally drying the scattered surface soil, controlling the relative humidity to be 20-30%, ridging, uniformly forming a plurality of holes at the top of the ridge, and forming the holes with the depth of 12-18cm and the radius of 3.5-5 cm;
s 2: soil fumigation, namely injecting a fumigant into soil in the ridge, and completely covering holes for injecting the fumigant with the soil after injection to prevent gas of the fumigant from leaking into the air before film covering; covering a light-transmitting film above the soil, and sealing the film edge of the light-transmitting film by using the soil to prevent gas from leaking outwards; in order to ensure that the soil has better killing effect on pests in the soil;
s 3: after fumigation, removing the light-transmitting film after the film is covered for fumigation for about 20 days, deflating for 7-10 days, and turning soil after fumigation after fumigant gas volatilizes to ensure that the residual quantity of the fumigant is less;
s 4: the vegetable germination test comprises the steps of taking a test section on a ridge for vegetable sowing, turning over soil for ridging when the germination rate of vegetable seeds is more than 80%, planting vegetables or transplanting vegetable seedlings, selecting multiple sections for the test section, selecting one test section at intervals of 1-3 days for the germination test, and observing the germination rate of the vegetable seeds in time.
Preferably, in the step s1, the cross section of each ridge is trapezoidal, the top of each ridge is groove-shaped, and the concave surface is arc-shaped.
Preferably, the fumigant in step s2 is carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, chloropicrin, dibromoethane or methyl bromide stock solution.
Preferably, the fumigation in step s2 is carried out by injecting fumigant at a soil temperature ranging from 18 to 24 ℃.
Preferably, step s2 seals the edges of the light-transmitting film to the side walls of the ridges by soil.
The working principle is as follows: soil pretreatment, namely turning soil for planting vegetables to deeply plough, and harrowing the turned soil into particles with the diameter of 0-2 cm; naturally drying the scattered surface soil, controlling the relative humidity to be 20-30%, ridging, uniformly forming a plurality of holes at the top of the ridge, forming the holes with the depth of 12-18cm and the radius of 3.5-5cm, wherein the soil is a loose layer of material on the earth surface, is composed of various granular mineral substances, organic substances, water, air, microorganisms and the like, and can grow plants. The solid substances comprise soil mineral substances, organic matters, nutrients obtained by light irradiation bacteriostasis and sterilization of microorganisms and the like. Liquid substances are primarily soil moisture. The gas is air present in the pores of the soil. The three types of substances in the soil form a contradictory unity. They are interconnected and restricted to provide necessary living conditions for crops, and are the material basis of soil fertility. Loosening soil, adjusting the humidity of the soil to be 20-30%, and turning the soil on the surface of the soil to the bottom to increase the fertility in the soil; soil fumigation, namely injecting a fumigant into soil in the ridge, and completely covering holes for injecting the fumigant with the soil after injection to prevent gas of the fumigant from leaking into the air before film covering; covering a light-transmitting film above the soil, and sealing the film edge of the light-transmitting film by using the soil to prevent gas from leaking outwards; in order to ensure that the soil has better killing effect on pests in the soil; the fumigant is injected into soil through fumigation, pests in the soil are killed, insect eggs are removed and killed, and nutrients are provided for later planting; after fumigation, removing the light-transmitting film after the film is covered for fumigation for about 20 days, deflating for 7-10 days, and turning soil after fumigation after fumigant gas volatilizes to ensure that the residual quantity of the fumigant is less; the pests are killed after the vegetable is fumigated for 20 days, and then the air is discharged, so that the planted vegetables are harmless green food, and the quality of the vegetables is ensured; the vegetable germination test comprises the steps of taking a test section on a ridge to sow vegetables, turning over soil and ridging when the germination rate of vegetable seeds is more than 80%, planting or transplanting vegetable and vegetable seedlings, selecting multiple sections for the test section, selecting one test section at intervals of 1-3 days to perform the germination test, and observing the germination rate of the vegetable seeds in time.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting, which is simple to operate, good in culture effect, high in insect prevention efficiency and capable of improving the quality of vegetables by pretreating soil, fumigating the soil, then deflating and trying to plant.
2. The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting, which is characterized in that soil at the bottom is turned up, the scattered surface soil is naturally air-dried, soil loosening is matched, namely, the soil fertility is improved, and the soil is covered with a film for fumigation for about 20 days, so that the fertility of the soil surface is improved, and convenience is brought to the planting of plants.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
the embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling underground pests in vegetable planting, which comprises the following steps:
s 1: soil pretreatment, namely turning soil for planting vegetables to deeply plough, and harrowing the turned soil into particles with the diameter of 0-2 cm; naturally drying the scattered surface soil, controlling the relative humidity to be 20-30%, ridging, uniformly forming a plurality of holes at the top of the ridge, and forming the holes with the depth of 12-18cm and the radius of 3.5-5 cm;
s 2: soil fumigation, namely injecting a fumigant into soil in the ridge, and completely covering holes for injecting the fumigant with the soil after injection to prevent gas of the fumigant from leaking into the air before film covering; covering a light-transmitting film above the soil, and sealing the film edge of the light-transmitting film by using the soil to prevent gas from leaking outwards; in order to ensure that the soil has better killing effect on pests in the soil; the fumigant is injected into soil through fumigation, pests in the soil are killed, insect eggs are removed and killed, and nutrients are provided for later planting;
s 3: after fumigation, removing the light-transmitting film after the film is covered for fumigation for about 20 days, deflating for 7-10 days, and turning soil after fumigation after fumigant gas volatilizes to ensure that the residual quantity of the fumigant is less; the pests are killed after the vegetable is fumigated for 20 days, and then the air is discharged, so that the planted vegetables are harmless green food, and the quality of the vegetables is ensured;
s 4: the vegetable germination test comprises the steps of taking a test section on a ridge for vegetable sowing, turning over soil for ridging when the germination rate of vegetable seeds is more than 80%, planting vegetables or transplanting vegetable seedlings, selecting multiple sections for the test section, selecting one test section at intervals of 1-3 days for the germination test, and observing the germination rate of the vegetable seeds in time.
Soil is a loose layer of material on the earth's surface, consisting of various granular minerals, organic substances, moisture, air, microorganisms, etc., and capable of growing plants. The solid substances comprise soil mineral substances, organic matters, nutrients obtained by light irradiation bacteriostasis and sterilization of microorganisms and the like. Liquid substances are primarily soil moisture. The gas is air present in the pores of the soil. The three types of substances in the soil form a contradictory unity. They are interconnected and restricted to provide necessary living conditions for crops, and are the material basis of soil fertility. Loosening soil, adjusting the humidity of the soil to be 20-30%, and turning the soil on the surface of the soil to the bottom to increase the fertility of the soil.
In the step s1, the cross section of the ridge is in a trapezoidal shape, the top of the ridge is in a groove shape, and the concave surface is in an arc shape, so that the effect of preventing water and soil loss is achieved.
In the step s2, the fumigant is carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, chloropicrin, dibromoethane or methyl bromide stock solution; the carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, chloropicrin, dibromoethane or methyl bromide stock solution can be used independently, and can be used according to the specific vegetables for injection, so that the fumigation effect is improved.
In the step s2, the fumigant is injected at the soil temperature of 18-24 ℃, so that the fumigant can be conveniently absorbed by the soil, and the fumigation effect is improved.
Step s2 seals the membrane limit of printing opacity membrane and the lateral wall of ridge through soil, promotes sealed effect, prevents that gas from volatilizing.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A vegetable planting soil pest control method is characterized in that: the vegetable planting soil pest control method comprises the following steps:
s 1: soil pretreatment, namely turning soil for planting vegetables to deeply plough, and harrowing the turned soil into particles with the diameter of 0-2 cm; naturally drying the scattered surface soil, ridging after controlling the relative humidity to be 20-30%, uniformly forming a plurality of holes at the top of the ridge, and forming the holes with the depth of 12-18cm and the radius of 3.5-5 cm;
s 2: soil fumigation, namely injecting a fumigant into soil in the ridge, and completely covering holes for injecting the fumigant with the soil after injection to prevent gas of the fumigant from leaking into the air before film covering; covering a light-transmitting film above the soil, and sealing the film edge of the light-transmitting film by using the soil to prevent gas from leaking outwards; in order to ensure that the soil has better killing effect on pests in the soil;
s 3: after fumigation, removing the light-transmitting film after the film is covered for fumigation for about 20 days, deflating for 7-10 days, and turning soil after fumigation after fumigant gas volatilizes to ensure that the residual quantity of the fumigant is less;
s 4: the vegetable germination test comprises the steps of taking a test section on a ridge for vegetable sowing, turning over soil for ridging when the germination rate of vegetable seeds is more than 80%, planting vegetables or transplanting vegetable seedlings, selecting multiple sections for the test section, selecting one test section at intervals of 1-3 days for the germination test, and observing the germination rate of the vegetable seeds in time.
2. A vegetable planting soil pest control method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step s1, the cross section of the ridge is in a trapezoidal shape, the top of the ridge is in a groove shape, and the concave surface is in an arc shape.
3. A vegetable planting soil pest control method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step s2, the fumigant is carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, chloropicrin, dibromoethane or methyl bromide stock solution.
4. A vegetable planting soil pest control method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step s2, fumigant is injected at a soil temperature range of 18-24 ℃.
5. A vegetable planting soil pest control method according to claim 1, wherein: step s2 seals the edges of the light-transmitting film to the sidewalls of the ridges with soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110238346.5A CN112930983A (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110238346.5A CN112930983A (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Method for preventing and controlling soil insects in vegetable planting |
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| CN112930983A true CN112930983A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114847097A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-05 | 含山县绿新蔬菜种植有限公司 | Vegetable planting method with insect-resistant effect |
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| CN106342599A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-25 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Chemical disinfection method for panax notoginseng continuous cropping soil |
| CN108012726A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2018-05-11 | 龙里县康雅先蔬菜种植农场 | A kind of application method for preventing vegetable destructive soil-inhabiting insects |
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2021
- 2021-03-04 CN CN202110238346.5A patent/CN112930983A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106342599A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-25 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | Chemical disinfection method for panax notoginseng continuous cropping soil |
| CN108012726A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2018-05-11 | 龙里县康雅先蔬菜种植农场 | A kind of application method for preventing vegetable destructive soil-inhabiting insects |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 任庆明;郝建光;明云龙;续元申;: "蔬菜基地土壤熏蒸防治病虫害技术探索", 检验检疫科学, no. 04 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114847097A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-05 | 含山县绿新蔬菜种植有限公司 | Vegetable planting method with insect-resistant effect |
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