CN1128737A - 对太阳能辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃 - Google Patents
对太阳能辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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- C03C4/08—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths
- C03C4/085—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths for ultraviolet absorbing glass
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- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
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Abstract
一种对太阳辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃,它基本上由钠钙-石英型玻璃组成,该钠钙-石英型玻璃中按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量为0.52-0.67%(重量)、TiO2含量为0.2-0.6%(重量)、按CeO2计算的总铈含量为0.9-2.0%(重量),其中按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量中的28至38%,其可见光透射率(对A光源)至少为70%,紫外线透射率不大于15%,对波长为370nm的光的透射率不大于30%。
Description
本发明涉及具有低的太阳辐射和紫外线透射率的玻璃。
美国专利4,792,536揭示了一种具有低的太阳辐射透射率(见JIS R3106)和低的紫外线透射率(见ISO9050)的车辆用玻璃,这种玻璃是钠钙—石英型玻璃,其中按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量至少占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的45%。这种玻璃带有蓝色。
对于该种玻璃,用作澄清剂的Glauber盐不能产生澄清作用,因为其中按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量至少占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的45%。因此,熔融的玻璃需要在减压下澄清,这就使玻璃熔融步骤很费事。
另外,含有至少0.51%(重量)Fe2O3的钠钙—石英型玻璃也是人们已知的。这种玻璃带有绿色。例如,美国专利5,077,133揭示了以下的该种玻璃。该种玻璃厚度为3mm,总铁含量为0.68—0.92%(重量),CeO2含量为0.5—1.2%(重量),TiO2为0.02—0.85%(重量),铁总量中二价铁的含量为23—29%(重量)。另一个例子的厚度为4mm,总铁含量为0.61—0.86%(重量),CeO2含量为0.3—0.75%(重量),TiO2为0.02—0.45%(重量),铁总量中二价铁的含量为23—29%(重量)。
公开号为56466/1994的日本未审查专利揭示了一种对太阳辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃,它基本上由钠钙—石英型玻璃基质构成,按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量为0.53—0.70%(重量),TiO2含量为0.2—0.4%(重量),按CeO2计算的总铈含量为0.4—0.8%(重量),按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量中的30至40%。
近年来,对于对紫外线吸收功能有所提高的玻璃的需求日益增加,尤其是用于汽车上的。本发明就是为了满足这种需求。
本发明的目的是提供一种对可见光的透射率至少为70%,对太阳辐射的透射率低,而对紫外线的透射率,特别是在370nm的透射率大大降低了的玻璃。
本发明提供一种具有低的太阳辐射和紫外线透射率的玻璃,它包括按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量为0.52—0.67%(重量)、TiO2含量为0.2—0.6%(重量)、按CeO2计算的总铈含量为0.9—2.0%(重量)的钠钙—石英型玻璃,其中按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量中的28至38%。
如果按Fe2O3计算的总铁含量太低,则太阳辐射透射率和紫外线透射率会太高;如果总铁含量太高,对可见光的透射率又会太小。总铁含量以不大于0.64%(重量)为宜,最好不大于0.63%。如果总铁含量中二价铁的含量太低,则太阳辐射透射率会太高;如果太高,则玻璃的熔融步骤会很费事,而且玻璃会带有蓝色。
如果CeO2的含量太多,原材料的成本会太高,而且在生产玻璃时需要很长时间来使成分改变,因而生产率低。此外,玻璃会带有黄色。
如果TiO2的含量太低,紫外线透射率就会太高;如果含量太高,则可见光透射率会太低,而且玻璃会带有黄色。
为了使紫外线透射率保持在低的数值,本发明的第二个种实施方式中,CeO2+TiO2最好为1.2—2.3%(重量)。
CeO并不是基本组分,但掺入极少量的CeO,可使因CeO2和TiO2而呈黄色的玻璃调节成绿色。其含量最好在0.0002%(重量)以上。但如果含量太高,则可见光透射率会太低。
在各种组分中,铁总量和CeO的含量最好按以下方法根据玻璃的厚度进行调节。即,当厚度为1.7—4.3mm时,按Fe2O3计算的总铁含量最好为0.59—0.64%(重量),同时,CeO2的含量最好为1.2—2.0%(重量)。当厚度为1.7—4.4mm时,按Fe2O3计算的总铁含量为0.60—0.64%(重量),TiO2的含量为0.3—0.5%(重量),按CeO2计算的总铈含量为1.4—1.7%(重量),而按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量为按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的30—35P%(重量)。类似地,当厚度为4.4—5.5mm时,按Fe2O3计算的铁的总含量最好为0.52—0.63%(重量),同时,CeO2含量最好为0.9—1.2%(重量)。另外,当厚度为4.4—7.0mm时,
按Fe2O3计算的总铁含量为0.57—0.62%(重量),TiO2的含量为0.2—0.4%(重量),按CeO2计算的总铈含量为0.9—1.4%(重量)而按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量为按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的30—35P%(重量)。
该种钠钙—石英型玻璃可普遍用于车辆和建筑用途。于是,本发明的一种较佳的玻璃组分为:
SiO2 68—74%(重量)
Al2O3 0.5—3%(重量)
MgO 3—6%(重量)
CaO 6—10%(重量)
Na2O+K2O 10—16%(重量)
SO3 0.05—1%(重量)
按Fe2O3计算的铁总量 0.52—0.67%(重量)
Fe2O3 0.35—0.50%(重量)
FeO 0.16—0.24%(重量)
TiO2 0.2—0.6%(重量)
按CeO2计算的铈总量 0.9—2%(重量)
如果SiO2的含量低,则抗风化性低;如果含量太高,则可能导致析晶。如果A12O3含量太低,则抗水性会较差;如果含量太高,则可熔性会较低。
Na2O和K2O是用以促进原材料熔化的组分。如果它们的总量太低,这种作用就太小;如果太高,抗风化性就较差。
CaO和MgO是用以提高原材料可熔性和改善抗风化性的组分。如果其含量太低,这种作用就太小;如果其含量太高,则可能发生析晶。
如果SO3的含量太低,则澄清作用太小。
本发明中,玻璃的比重调节至2.49—2.53,更好是2.51—2.52,与普通的钠钙—石英型玻璃一致,目的是提高成分改变的效率。
比重可按第一种实施方式那样,通过控制基质玻璃的组分来调节。具体地说,SiO2/(MgO+CaO)的重量比可调节到5.0—7.0,较好是5.4—6.6,更好是6.0—6.6,最好是6.2—6.6。
本发明的玻璃的透射主波长是500—540nm,尤其是515—535nm,通常使用的厚度为1.7—7mm。其特征性能是:太阳辐射透射率为45—52%,可见光透射率(对A光源)至少为70%,紫外线透射率不大于15%,特别是不大于10%,对波长为370nm的光的透射率不大于30%,激发纯度(excitation purity)为2—3%。
本发明的对太阳辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃,可用作单层玻璃、层叠玻璃或双层玻璃窗玻璃。当用于层叠玻璃或双层玻璃窗时,本发明的玻璃可用于层叠玻璃或双层玻璃窗的两个表面。另外,本发明的玻璃也可与其它种类的玻璃组合起来构成层叠玻璃或双层玻璃窗。
本发明的对太阳辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃,例如,可按以下方法制备。即,先按所需玻璃的组分混合各种原料。关于所用的原料,铁粉或红色氧化铁,例如,可用作FeO和Fe2O3的源;氧化铈、碳酸铈或氢氧化铈可用作铈源;而氧化钛可用作钛源。基质玻璃的原料可用那些常用的材料。另外,在原料中最好加入如碳之类的还原剂,以使熔融玻璃中的铁不被氧化为Fe2O3,从而得到预定数量的FeO。
将这样调节好的玻璃批料连续供入熔炉,例如,用重油加热至1500℃使之熔融和玻化。然后,使这熔融玻璃澄清,并例如用浮法将它制成具有预定厚度的平板玻璃。再将平板玻璃切裁成预定的形状,就得到本发明的对太阳辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃。进一步,裁割好的玻璃可进行钢化、层叠或组装成双层玻璃窗。
以下,将参照实施例进一步详细说明本发明。但应理解,本发明绝不仅限于这些具体实施例。
实施例1—9
制备了掺有改进光学性能的组分的钠钙—石英型玻璃,其基质玻璃含有71份(重量,下同)SiO2,1.7份Al2O3,12.3份Na2O,0.5份K2O,8份CaO,3.5份MgO,和0.6份SO3,掺入的按Fe2O3计算的铁总量、CeO2、TiO2、和CoO的数量如表1上部所示。二价铁(在表1中简单表示为FeII)与铁总量之比也在同一部分示出。
制备该种玻璃时,将预先配好的玻璃批料放入一个300立方厘米的白金坩埚中,在电炉中加热熔融使之玻化。然后将熔融的玻璃浇铸在不锈钢板上,再把制成的玻璃板的两面抛光,得到厚度为3.5mm的平板玻璃(实施例6、7和9中,厚度为5.0mm)。测得这些平板的太阳辐射透射率Te,可见光透射率TVa(对A光源),紫外线透射率TUV,对波长为370nm的光的透射率T370,透射主波长DW以及激发纯度PE,结果如表1下部所示。对比例(例8)中玻璃的这些性能也同样测得,也列在表1中。
表1
实施例 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Fe2O3份FeIIwt%CeO2份TiO2份CoO份 | 0.62311.270.40.0009 | 0.59341.50.450.0015 | 0.62321.550.350.0017 | 0.61331.30.4- | 0.61321.40.40.0012 | 0.53331.200.40- | 0.54320.900.40- | 0.64350.540.32- | 0.60351.230.31- |
Te%TVa%TUV%T370%DwnmPe% | 48.273.09.828.25212.3 | 46.872.08.124.55192.3 | 47.273.37.924.35252.4 | 47.874.49.828.15282.6 | 47.973.49.026.45252.4 | 42.171.47.221.55192.8 | 43.472.98.826.45192.7 | 46.773.816.341.55062.6 | 45.572.87.924.05192.4 |
太阳辐射透射率和可见光透射率是按JIS R3106测定,紫外线透射率是按ISO 9050测定,而透射的主波长和激发纯度是按JISZ8722测定。
从表1可明显看到,本发明的玻璃具有绿的颜色,高的可见光透射率,低的太阳辐射透射率,和特别低的紫外线透射率。
根据本发明,得到了绿色的、具有高的可见光透射率,低的紫外线透射率,和特别低的对波长为370nm的光的透射率的玻璃。这种玻璃特别适合用作汽车挡风玻璃。
Claims (9)
1.一种对太阳辐射和紫外线的透射率低的玻璃,它基本上由钠钙—石英型玻璃组成,该钠钙—石英型玻璃中按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量为0.52—0.67%(重量)、TiO2含量为0.2—0.6%(重量)、按CeO2计算的总铈含量为0.9—2.0%(重量),其中按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的28至38%,其可见光透射率(对A光源)至少为70%,紫外线透射率不大于15%,对波长为370nm的光的透射率不大于30%。
2.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其基本组成为:
SiO2 68—74%(重量)
Al2O3 0.5—3%(重量)
MgO 3—6%(重量)
CaO 6—10%(重量)
Na2O+K2O 10—16%(重量)
SO3 0.05—1%(重量)
按Fe2O3计算的铁总量 0.52—0.67%(重量)
Fe2O3 0.35—0.50%(重量)
FeO 0.16—0.24%(重量)
TiO2 0.2—0.6%(重量)
按CeO2计算的铈总量 0.9—2%(重量)
3.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其透射的主波长为515—535nm。
4.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其比重为2.49—2.53。
5.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其比重为2.51—2.52。
6.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其厚度为1.7—4.3mm,且该玻璃中按Fe2O3计算的铁总量为0.59—0.64%(重量),CeO2的数量为1.2—2.0%(重量)。
7.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其厚度为4.4—5.5mm,且该玻璃中按Fe2O3计算的铁总量为0.52—0.63%(重量),CeO2的数量为0.9—1.2%(重量)。
8.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其厚度为1.7—4.4mm,且该玻璃中按Fe2O3计算的铁总量为0.60—0.64%(重量),TiO2的数量为0.3—0.5%(重量),按CeO2计算的总铈含量为1.4—1.7%(重量),而按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的30至35%。
9.如权利要求1所述的玻璃,其特征在于其厚度为4.4—7.0mm,且该玻璃中按Fe2O3计算的铁总量为0.57—0.62%(重量),TiO2的数量为0.2—0.4%(重量),按CeO2计算的总铈含量为0.9—1.4%(重量),而按Fe2O3计算的FeO的重量占按Fe2O3计算的铁的总重量的30至35%。
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AU696443B2 (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1998-09-10 | Asahi Glass Company Limited | Glass having low solar radiation and ultraviolet ray transmittance |
-
1995
- 1995-10-24 AU AU34415/95A patent/AU696443B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-10-24 MY MYPI9503184 patent/MY115988A/en unknown
- 1995-10-25 CA CA002161379A patent/CA2161379C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-26 ZA ZA959079A patent/ZA959079B/xx unknown
- 1995-10-26 JP JP27931195A patent/JP3190965B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-26 DE DE69507421T patent/DE69507421T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-26 CN CN95119016A patent/CN1043034C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-26 EP EP95116904A patent/EP0709344B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-02-12 US US08/600,028 patent/US5723390A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-04-21 US US08/845,034 patent/US5897956A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
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CN102167511A (zh) * | 2011-01-07 | 2011-08-31 | 湖州艾迪特琉璃工艺品有限公司 | 低能辐射防护玻璃的制造方法 |
CN104080750A (zh) * | 2012-01-27 | 2014-10-01 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 着色玻璃板及其制造方法 |
CN103508669A (zh) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-01-15 | 河源旗滨硅业有限公司 | 一种抗紫外线光伏玻璃及其应用 |
CN103508669B (zh) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-10-28 | 河源旗滨硅业有限公司 | 一种抗紫外线超白光伏玻璃及其应用 |
CN106396364A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 中山火炬职业技术学院 | 一种低紫外辐射灯具玻壳的制备方法 |
CN111163932A (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-05-15 | 皮尔金顿集团有限公司 | 窗组件 |
CN109485253A (zh) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-03-19 | 海南中航特玻科技有限公司 | 具有吸收紫外红外线防眩光功能玻璃的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5897956A (en) | 1999-04-27 |
EP0709344A1 (en) | 1996-05-01 |
CA2161379C (en) | 2004-01-13 |
JPH08208266A (ja) | 1996-08-13 |
EP0709344B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
MY115988A (en) | 2003-10-31 |
CA2161379A1 (en) | 1996-04-27 |
DE69507421D1 (de) | 1999-03-04 |
JP3190965B2 (ja) | 2001-07-23 |
AU3441595A (en) | 1996-05-09 |
US5723390A (en) | 1998-03-03 |
AU696443B2 (en) | 1998-09-10 |
CN1043034C (zh) | 1999-04-21 |
DE69507421T2 (de) | 2009-09-17 |
ZA959079B (en) | 1996-05-22 |
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