CN112840879A - Cuttage substrate, cuttage method and application of passion fruit - Google Patents
Cuttage substrate, cuttage method and application of passion fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112840879A CN112840879A CN202110017944.XA CN202110017944A CN112840879A CN 112840879 A CN112840879 A CN 112840879A CN 202110017944 A CN202110017944 A CN 202110017944A CN 112840879 A CN112840879 A CN 112840879A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
Abstract
The invention relates to a cuttage matrix of passion fruit, a cuttage method and application. The cutting medium comprises neutral soil and rhamnolipid aqueous solution; the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1.0 g/L; the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7). The cuttage substrate has a very good promotion effect on cuttage of passion fruit branches, particularly meets the rooting requirement of passion fruit cuttage, can effectively promote rooting of the passion fruit cuttage branches, strengthens the root system of cuttage seedlings, promotes the overground tissue growth of the cuttage seedlings, can also obviously improve the survival rate of the transplanted cuttage seedlings, has a comprehensive and outstanding growth promotion effect, and effectively solves the technical problems that the passion fruit cuttage survival rate is low, the rooting time is long, and the conventional rooting agent growth promotion effect is not sensitive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a cuttage matrix of passion fruit, a cuttage method and application.
Background
The passion fruit serving as an rare nutritional fruit contains various amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, mineral substances, rich fatty acids and the like, has various effects of diminishing inflammation, calming nerves, refreshing, nourishing yin and tonifying kidney, reducing blood fat and blood pressure, expelling toxin and beautifying, enhancing immunity, resisting cancer and the like, and is particularly reputation of 'one fruit and hundreds of kinds of fragrance'. According to related data, China is introduced and tried in the 90 s of the 20 th century, in recent years, passion fruit develops rapidly in the south of China, related industries become important channels for farmers to increase income in areas such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan gradually, and passion fruit planting becomes an important popularization item for rural poverty relief. At present, gold passion fruit has a larger market than traditional purple passion fruit in order to meet the needs and preferences of consumers. The golden passion fruit is mainly planted in the south of China, progeny is mainly propagated through cuttage, and the cuttage seedling raising technology is a key factor influencing the yield and quality of the fruit. For example, stronger cutting seedlings save more manpower and material resources in the aspects of planting management and economic investment after transplanting.
The most traditional passion fruit cutting seedling raising technology has the defects of low survival rate and long rooting time. Other improved cutting seedling raising techniques are complex in operation and need more raw materials. For example, in the aspect of soil selection, the improved cutting technology mostly needs a substrate mixed by plant ash, corncobs, organic fertilizer, pumice, fine sand, amino acid and the like. Therefore, a cutting seedling raising technology which is low in cost, relatively simple to operate and effective is found and is required by the passion fruit market at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, a cuttage substrate, a cuttage method and application of passion fruit are provided.
A cutting medium for passion fruit comprises neutral soil and rhamnolipid water solution; the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1.0 g/L; the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7).
In one embodiment, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.4 g/L-0.6 g/L.
In one embodiment, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.5 g/L.
In one embodiment, the neutral soil is selected from loess.
In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1: 6.
In one embodiment, the passion fruit is gold passion fruit.
The invention also provides a passion fruit cuttage method, which comprises the following steps:
flat cutting the upper port of the passion fruit cutting spike, and obliquely cutting the lower port;
then, disinfecting the obtained passion fruit cutting slips, soaking the passion fruit cutting slips in water, and draining;
then inserting the obtained passion fruit cutting slips into the cutting medium of the passion fruit;
finally, irrigating with rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
In one embodiment, the watering mode is as follows: the bottom of a cuttage matrix of passion fruit is soaked in rhamnolipid aqueous solution, so that the cuttage matrix completely permeates the rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
In one embodiment, the timing of the watering is: watering immediately after cuttage and twice a week.
The invention also provides application of the cuttage matrix comprising neutral soil and rhamnolipid aqueous solution in cuttage of passion fruit; wherein the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1.0 g/L; the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the inventor of the invention unexpectedly discovers that the rhamnolipid and the neutral soil are compounded to be used as a cuttage substrate in long-term research based on passion fruit cuttage, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2-1.0 g/L, the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7), the obtained cuttage substrate has a very good promotion effect on the cuttage of passion fruit branches, the cuttage substrate particularly meets the rooting requirement of the passion fruit cuttage, the rooting of the passion fruit cuttage branches can be effectively promoted, the root systems of the cuttage seedlings can be strengthened, the overground tissue growth of the cuttage seedlings can be promoted, the survival rate of the cuttage seedlings after transplantation can be remarkably improved, the growth promotion effect is comprehensive and outstanding, and the technical problems that the cuttage survival rate of the passion fruit is low, the rooting time is long, and the conventional rooting agent growth promotion effect is insensitive are effectively solved.
In addition, the cuttage substrate special for the passion fruit only needs to comprise neutral soil and rhamnolipid water solution with specific concentration, and the components are simple.
Furthermore, the concentration of rhamnolipid aqueous solution selected by the cutting substrate is 0.4-0.6 g/L, particularly 0.5g/L, the growth promoting effect is optimal, and the survival rate of the cutting seedlings is higher, the overground part growth vigor is higher, and the root system growth is stronger through test verification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bar graph of the survival rate of the golden passion fruit cutting seedlings of the control group and the experimental group in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a bar graph of the survival rate of the golden passion fruit cutting seedlings of examples 1 and 4 and comparative example 2;
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing overground parts of gold passion fruit of the control group and the experimental group in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the bottom growth of the golden passion fruit of the control group and the experimental group in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a bar graph of the total chlorophyll content of the leaves of the golden passion fruit of the control group and the experimental group in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a bar graph of the catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, soluble sugars, proline, carotenoid content in the leaf tissue of the gold passion fruit of examples 1-3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Most products for promoting plant rooting in the market are universal rooting products, the application range is very wide, the products can be used for various plants, but the effect is not obvious and no pertinence exists. In the research process, the inventor finds that the sensitivity of passion fruit cuttage to conventional plant rooting promoting products in the market is low, the conventional plant rooting promoting products, such as rooting liquid of Yifuyuan biotechnology company, have a small cuttage effect on passion fruit, and therefore rooting products aiming at the rooting mechanism of passion fruit cuttage are lacked, some commercially available rooting powder has strong pungent smell, and some commercially available rooting powder has certain pollution to the environment. Therefore, the development of a cutting product with efficient growth promotion and green environmental protection effect for passion fruit cutting is the main purpose of the invention.
The invention provides a cuttage substrate of passion fruit, which comprises neutral soil and rhamnolipid aqueous solution; the mass ratio of the soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7); the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1.0 g/L.
In the invention, the pH value of the neutral soil is 6-8. The soil with too high or too low pH value is not beneficial to the root growth of the passion fruit, and the neutral soil and the rhamnolipid aqueous solution are matched for use to promote the growth to play a better role.
The key substance adopted by the invention is Rhamnolipid (Rhamnolipid, RHA for short). Rhamnolipids are generally surface-active glycolipid products produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa under certain culture conditions by means of biological fermentation, and mainly have four structures as shown below:
mainly RL1, RL2, RL3 and RL4, the natural nontoxic food-grade components of the natural nontoxic food-grade components are nontoxic and harmless to human bodies and are easy to be naturally degraded, and the natural nontoxic food-grade components are typical environment-friendly green products.
In some embodiments, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is between 0.4g/L and 0.6 g/L.
In some embodiments, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.5 g/L.
The inventor finds that the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution plays an important role in cuttage rooting of the passion fruit, the root system hastening time is increased when the concentration is low, and the growth inhibition phenomenon is generated when the concentration is high.
In some embodiments, the neutral soil is selected from the group consisting of loess, which includes yellow loam and yellow clay, more preferably yellow loam.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1: 6.
In some embodiments, the passion fruit is gold passion fruit.
In the invention, the rhamnolipid has low toxicity, biodegradability, good biocompatibility, and better selectivity and specificity under extreme temperature, pH and salt concentration.
The invention also provides another embodiment, which is a passion fruit cuttage method, comprising the following steps:
s1: and (4) cutting the upper end opening of the passion fruit cutting spike into a flat notch, and cutting the lower end opening of the passion fruit cutting spike into a diagonal notch.
More specifically, healthy stem segments which grow vigorously in the same year and are free of diseases and insect pests are selected, cut into passion fruit cutting slips of about 8-12 cm and containing 1 node to serve as cutting slips, the upper port is left with 1-3 cm, a flat cut is formed, the lower port is cut obliquely, and the passion fruit cutting slips are conveniently inserted into the soil.
S2: and disinfecting the obtained passion fruit cutting slips, soaking the passion fruit cutting slips in water, and draining.
More specifically, soaking in disinfectant (containing 4 ml/L-6 ml/L of nandinmycin and 4 ml/L-6 ml/L of abamectin) for 10min-15min, and draining; and (3) putting the cuttings into clear water, soaking for 20-30 min, taking out the cuttings, and draining off water for later use.
S3: the resulting passion fruit cutting slips are then inserted into the cutting medium of the passion fruit as described above.
More specifically, the passion fruit cutting slips are inserted into a cutting substrate at an angle of 40-45 degrees, and the depth is preferably 2-3 cm.
S4: finally, irrigating with rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
Specifically, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.4 g/L-0.6 g/L, preferably 0.5 g/L.
In some embodiments, the timing of watering is: the first is immediate irrigation (rhamnolipid aqueous solution) after cuttage, and the second is twice-weekly irrigation.
In some embodiments, the irrigation is by: the bottom of a cuttage matrix of passion fruit is soaked in rhamnolipid aqueous solution, so that the cuttage matrix completely permeates the rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
And (3) treatment after cuttage:
placing in an artificial illumination climate box, keeping moisture and shading, keeping temperature not more than 35 deg.C within 25-35 days after cutting, keeping relative air humidity at 80-90%, keeping shading rate at 75-85%, and soaking and irrigating rhamnolipid aqueous solution twice per week.
The invention also provides another embodiment, which is an application of the cuttage matrix comprising neutral soil and rhamnolipid aqueous solution in cuttage passion fruit; wherein, the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1 g/L; the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7).
The following are specific examples
Example 1
1. Selecting cutting slips: selecting healthy golden passion fruit stem sections which grow vigorously in the same year and have no diseases and insect pests.
2. And (3) cutting treatment: a) cutting into 10cm passion fruit cutting slips containing 1 segment as cutting slips, reserving 2cm of flat cut at the upper port, obliquely cutting at the lower port, conveniently inserting into soil, soaking in disinfectant (containing 5ml/L of nanningmycin and 5ml/L of abamectin) for 10-15min, and draining; b) and (4) putting the cuttings into clear water, soaking for 30min, taking out the cuttings, and draining off water for later use.
3. Preparing a nutrient solution: 0.5g/L rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
4. Preparing a substrate: loess slurry (used by experimental group (RHA)) prepared from loess and rhamnolipid water solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 6; loess slurry (used in a control group (CK)) prepared from loess and water in a mass ratio of 1: 6.
5. Cuttage: placing loess slurry into seedling raising pot with aperture of 85mm and height of 70mm, inserting the treated cutting into seedling raising matrix at 40-45 deg. preferably with depth of 2-3cm, soaking in water from the bottom of seedling raising pot to irrigate root fixing water, wherein the root fixing water comprises two kinds, one is tap water (used by control group) and the other is 0.5g/L rhamnolipid water solution (used by experimental group), and placing artificial illumination climate box for moisturizing and shading after treatment.
6. And (3) performing cuttage post-treatment: the temperature is not more than 35 ℃ within 25-35 days after cuttage, the relative air humidity is kept at 80-90%, and the shading rate is kept at 75-85%; the bottom of the container is soaked and irrigated with 0.5g/L rhamnolipid aqueous solution twice a week.
Example 2
Similar to the experimental group of example 1, except that the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution was 0.2 g/L.
Example 3
Similar to the experimental group of example 1, except that the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution was 1 g/L.
Example 4
Similar to example 1, except that yellow loam was replaced with yellow clay.
Comparative example 1
Similar to the experimental group of example 1, except that rhamnolipid aqueous solution was replaced with rooting solution from yifu source biotechnology company. It was observed to have no significant root promoting effect and to have a pungent taste.
Comparative example 2
Similar to example 1, except that yellow loam was replaced with laterite (pH of about 4.8).
Evaluation of analysis
1. The survival rate of the cutting seedlings is shown in fig. 1, and the survival rate of three batches of cutting seedlings in the experimental group is higher than that of three batches of cutting seedlings in the control group in example 1; as shown in fig. 2, the survival rate of the cutting seedlings is higher by using the cutting medium composed of neutral soil compared with acid soil.
2. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the overground part and the underground part of the cutting seedling in the experimental group in example 1 have higher growth vigor and stronger root system than those of the cutting seedling in the control group.
3. Example 1. overground part data and underground part (root) data of gold passion fruit were measured 30 days after cuttage, and as shown in tables 1 and 2, the results showed: compared with a control group, the plant height, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the overground part of the golden passion fruit of the experimental group are obviously improved, and the root length, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the underground part of the plant also show an increasing trend.
TABLE 1 golden Passion fruit overground part data
| Sample (I) | Plant height (centimeter) | Fresh weight (gram) | Dry weight (gram) |
| CK | 29.61±2.72b | 3.68±0.29b | 0.54±0.05b |
| RHA | 55.72±2.93a | 6.0±0.35a | 0.82±0.07a |
TABLE 2 golden passion fruit underground (root) data
| Sample (I) | Root length (centimeter) | Fresh weight (gram) | Dry weight (gram) |
| CK | 19.32±0.93b | 1.1±0.09b | 0.10±0.01b |
| RHA | 22.09±0.75a | 1.78±0.10a | 0.14±0.01a |
4. The content of chlorophyll in the leaves of the cutting seedlings in example 1 is detected, the result is shown in fig. 5, and the total chlorophyll content of the golden passion fruit cutting seedlings in the experimental group is obviously increased compared with that of the control group, which shows that the rhamnolipid aqueous solution improves the formation of chlorophyll, enhances the photosynthesis of the leaves, improves the photosynthetic products, and thus achieves the effect of promoting the growth of plants.
5. The contents of antioxidant substances (catalase CAT, superoxide dismutase SOD, and glutathione reductase GSH) and substances (soluble sugars, proline, carotenoids, and the like) positively correlated with the stress resistance of plants in the leaf tissues of the cutting seedlings of examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in fig. 6. Therefore, the rhamnolipid aqueous solution improves the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, increases photosynthetic products, improves the content of antioxidant substances (such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and the like) in the leaf tissues of the cutting seedlings, and obviously improves the content of substances (such as soluble sugar, proline, carotenoid and the like) which are positively correlated with the stress resistance of plants.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cutting medium of passion fruit is characterized by comprising neutral soil and rhamnolipid aqueous solution; the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1 g/L; the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7).
2. The cutting medium of passion fruit according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.4-0.6 g/L.
3. The cutting medium of passion fruit according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.5 g/L.
4. The cutting medium of passion fruit according to claim 1, wherein the neutral soil is selected from loess.
5. The cutting medium of passion fruit according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1: 6.
6. The cutting medium for the passion fruit according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the passion fruit is golden passion fruit.
7. A passion fruit cuttage method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
flat cutting the upper port of the passion fruit cutting spike, and obliquely cutting the lower port;
then, disinfecting the obtained passion fruit cutting slips, soaking the passion fruit cutting slips in water, and draining;
inserting the obtained passion fruit cutting slips into the cutting medium of the passion fruit according to any one of claims 1-6;
finally, irrigating with rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
8. The passion fruit cuttage method according to claim 7, wherein the watering mode is as follows: the bottom of a cuttage matrix of passion fruit is soaked in rhamnolipid aqueous solution, so that the cuttage matrix completely permeates the rhamnolipid aqueous solution.
9. The passion fruit cuttage method according to claim 7, wherein the watering timing is that: watering immediately after cuttage and twice a week.
10. The application of a cutting medium comprising neutral soil and rhamnolipid aqueous solution in cutting passion fruit; wherein the concentration of the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 0.2 g/L-1.0 g/L; the mass ratio of the neutral soil to the rhamnolipid aqueous solution is 1 (5-7).
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