CN109105202A - Apple bonsai production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical fields, it proposes a kind of apple bonsai production method, including seedling breeding, seedling treatment, grafting, nursery stock disinfection, Nutrition Soil processing, basin in transplanting, watering, applies fertilizer, changes basin, trimming, moulding, fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word, extension viewing period.Nutrition Soil is made of following parts by weight of component: 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme, 0.1 part of cigarette ash.The present invention solves the problems such as apple bonsai in the prior art is also easy to produce pest and disease damage, difficulty of yielding positive results, fruit color is bad, moulding is simple.

Description

Apple bonsai production method

Technical field

The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical fields, are related to a kind of apple bonsai production method.

Background technique

With the development of economy, people's living standard is gradually increased, and office and living conditions also constantly improve, to environment Beautification it is rich and varied, potted fruit tree and fruit potted landscape have become the rooms such as office, balcony, hotel, park, garden A Greater Landscape and fashion for inside and outside greening decorative.In general, potted fruit tree is that fruit tree is planted in basin, make its yield positive results one Kind planting type, and fruit potted landscape is then to integrate the plastic arts of China's tradition bonsai on the basis of cultivation of fruit tree, warp Technology working process is crossed, the high art work of ornamental value is formed, it is to horticultural gardening, urban construction and family greening etc. tool There are completely new meaning and important function.

Apple belongs to rosaceae Malus.The fruit of apple, bright in colour, moderately sour and sweet, fragrance is palatable, and nutritive value is very It is high.Often edible apple, to human metabolism is promoted, improving immunity has good effect, and apple is made into apple basin Scape, it is existing to see flower, see the ornamental value of fruit, view, and have and carry out the feasibility of high-quality fruit production, market potential in a small range It is very big.In the prior art, apple bonsai exist be also easy to produce pest and disease damage, yield positive results difficult, fruit color is bad, viewing period is short, The problems such as moulding is simple.

Summary of the invention

The present invention proposes a kind of apple bonsai production method, solve apple bonsai in the prior art be also easy to produce pest and disease damage, It yields positive results the problems such as difficult, fruit color is bad, moulding is simple.

The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:

A kind of apple bonsai production method, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: to Researches of Fertilizer Application in Nursery Beds, turning over processing mid-March to early April, sowing, when seedling grows to 4~ Start top dressing when 5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing: nutritive soil preparation, exposure in sunshine, covers tightly heating at hot fermentation；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising: Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, and interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time, before blooming for 7~10 days Respectively spraying 1 concentration with young fruit development phase and autumn is 0.1%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, is sprayed at florescence and young fruit development phase Apply the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1%；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water；

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding；

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, It was sprayed again every 15~20 days once, continuously sprays 2~3 times, can extend viewing period to next year " May Day ".

As further technical solution, Nutrition Soil described in step S3 is made of following parts by weight of component: rural area soil 60 Part, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme, cigarette 0.1 part of ash.

As further technical solution, the processing method of Nutrition Soil described in step S5 the following steps are included:

S51, crop material, vermiculite, bean dregs, decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, crosses the sieve of 0.5cm；

S52, rural area soil, crop material, decomposed cow dung, vermiculite, coco bran, bean dregs, cigarette ash, cellulolytic enzyme are mixed, It adds water to wet, obtains configured Nutrition Soil；

S53, configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the nutrition after being fermented Soil；

S54, the Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, and noon is taken advantage of later Hot stack is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well.

As further technical solution, the preparation method of nutrition fertilizer described in step S8 the following steps are included:

S81, it after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirs evenly and is packed into sealing in polybag, placing makes under sunlight It is heated, and ferments 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing is added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer；

S82, the sieve that prepared nutrition fertilizer was smashed to 0.5cm are spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with shallow embedding of loosening the soil In soil.

As further technical solution, nutrient solution described in step S8 includes formula as below:

It is formulated one, 20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of soya-bean cake, 1000 parts of water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant after one month Add 100 times of water dilutions,

Two, 1 part of pipe tobacco are formulated, 1000 parts of rice washing water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant after one month,

Three, 5 parts of broken egg shell are formulated, 100 parts of Yoghourt water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant to add 10 water dilute after 10 days It releases.

As further technical solution, nutrient solution described in step S8 is formula one, formula two, the third volume ratio of formula It is used after mixing, the amount of spraying once is 200~250mL/ basin.

The present invention is using principle and has the beneficial effect that

1, the apple bonsai that production method is cultivated through the invention, Growth status is vigorous, and bud enriches full, fruit-setting rate Height, pest and disease damage is few, and fruit color is good, and fruit content of mineral substances is high, and viewing period is long, makes moulding ornamental value by the shape handles It is good, thus good in economic efficiency.

2, in the present invention, using rural area soil, crop material, decomposed cow dung, vermiculite, coco bran, bean dregs, cigarette ash, cellulose point The compoundings such as enzyme are solved as Nutrition Soil, protein, vitamin and various mineral elements abundant is provided for fruit tree growth, overcomes The drawbacks such as soil is easy to harden in traditional cultivation mode, nutrition supply is unbalanced, a large amount of germs easy to breed, insect pest, provide fruit Set the optimum environmental condition of root growth.

3, in the present invention, using will use as organic fertilizer after sesame paste scrap and orange peel fermentation, on the one hand, sesame paste scrap can Sufficient nutrient needed for providing fruit tree growth, the addition of orange peel can effectively remove the different of sesame paste scrap retting process generation Taste, the two compounding application can not only eliminate a variety of germs in ant, nematode and basin soil, substantially reduce pest and disease damage, Er Qietong Raising Apple Leaves cellulose content and photosynthesis are crossed, fruit yield and quality are increased；On the other hand, making for chemical fertilizer is avoided With meeting the growth requirement of environmental protection so that the use of chemical fertilizer effectively be avoided to cause environmental pollution.

4, in the present invention, using raw material common in these lives such as soya-bean cake, pipe tobacco, rice washing water, broken egg shell, Yoghourt water As nutrient solution, raw material is simple and easy to get, on the one hand, provides fruit while pest and disease damage after application during reducing fruit tree growth Vegetable nutrient elements required for the growth, and the concentration of leaf cell liquid is improved, keep leaf color dark green, photosynthesis enhancing increases Apple mineral content, and fruit mouthfeel and color are good, on the other hand, the use of pesticide are avoided, thus effectively It avoids the use of pesticide from causing environmental pollution, meets the growth requirement of environmental protection.

5, in the present invention, Nutrition Soil, nutrition fertilizer, nutrient solution and the preparation of specific proportion and method of administration are all that inventor pays A large amount of painstaking effort researchs obtain out.Using outside apple bonsai production method of the present invention, nutrient solution is obtained in conjunction with inventor's research And method of administration, the present invention can reduce insect pest, increase that fruit-setting rate, enhancing fruit quality, to extend viewing period and other effects upper It is promoted to further.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

Embodiment 1:

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts 70 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, bean dregs 5 Part, 0.1 part of cigarette ash, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme mixing, add water to wet, obtain configured Nutrition Soil；

Configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

It applies nutrition fertilizer: after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirring evenly and be packed into sealing in polybag, place sunlight Under make its heating, ferment 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing be added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer, will prepare Good nutrition fertilizer smashed the sieve of 0.5cm, obtained prepared nutrition fertilizer, Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, is applied Used time is spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with loosen the soil shallow embedding soil in, each amount of application≤20 gram/basin.

Spray nutritious liquor: formula one, 20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of soya-bean cake, 1000 parts of water are put into fermentation one in hermetically sealed can Supernatant is taken to add 100 times of water dilutions after month,

Two, 1 part of pipe tobacco are formulated, 1000 parts of rice washing water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant after one month,

Three, 5 parts of broken egg shell are formulated, 100 parts of Yoghourt water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant to add 10 water dilute after 10 days It releases,

Growing season interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time for 7~10 days, is used after the third volume ratio mixing of formula one, formula two, formula, The amount of spraying once is 200~250mL/ basin.

Foliage spray: before blooming and respectively to spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% biphosphate young fruit development phase and autumn Potassium sprays the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1% at florescence and young fruit development phase；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine "；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, Sprayed primary, continuously spray 2~3 times again every 15~20 days.

Embodiment 2:

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, cigarette ash 0.1 part, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme mixing, add water to wet, obtain configured Nutrition Soil；

Configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

It applies nutrition fertilizer: after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirring evenly and be packed into sealing in polybag, place sunlight Under make its heating, ferment 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing be added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer, will prepare Good nutrition fertilizer smashed the sieve of 0.5cm, obtained prepared nutrition fertilizer, Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, is applied Used time is spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with loosen the soil shallow embedding soil in, each amount of application≤20 gram/basin.

Spray nutritious liquor: 20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of soya-bean cake, 1000 parts of water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take after one month Clear liquid sprays on blade after adding 100 times of water dilutions, and the amount of spraying once is 200~250mL, and battalion is applied in 7~10 days in Growing season interval Nutrient solution 1 time.

Foliage spray: before blooming and respectively to spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% biphosphate young fruit development phase and autumn Potassium sprays the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1% at florescence and young fruit development phase；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine "；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, Sprayed primary, continuously spray 2~3 times again every 15~20 days.

Embodiment 3:

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, cigarette ash 0.1 part, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme mixing, add water to wet, obtain configured Nutrition Soil；

Configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

It applies nutrition fertilizer: after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirring evenly and be packed into sealing in polybag, place sunlight Under make its heating, ferment 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing be added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer, will prepare Good nutrition fertilizer smashed the sieve of 0.5cm, obtained prepared nutrition fertilizer, Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, is applied Used time is spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with loosen the soil shallow embedding soil in, each amount of application≤20 gram/basin.

Spray nutritious liquor: 1 part of pipe tobacco, 1000 parts of rice washing water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant in blade after one month On spray, the amount of spraying once is 200~250mL, and Growing season interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time for 7~10 days.

Foliage spray: before blooming and respectively to spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% biphosphate young fruit development phase and autumn Potassium sprays the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1% at florescence and young fruit development phase；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine "；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, Sprayed primary, continuously spray 2~3 times again every 15~20 days.

Embodiment 4

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: cutting off bad root for nursery stock, soaked seedling 10~20 minutes with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions, Root is rinsed well with clear water, or is soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rinses root, packaging with clear water For use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, cigarette ash 0.1 part, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme mixing, add water to wet, obtain configured Nutrition Soil；

Configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

It applies nutrition fertilizer: after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirring evenly and be packed into sealing in polybag, place sunlight Under make its heating, ferment 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing be added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer, will prepare Good nutrition fertilizer smashed the sieve of 0.5cm, obtained prepared nutrition fertilizer, Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, is applied Used time is spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with loosen the soil shallow embedding soil in, each amount of application≤20 gram/basin.

Spray nutritious liquor: 5 parts of broken egg shell, 100 parts of Yoghourt water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant to add 10 after 10 days It is sprayed on blade after water dilution, the amount of spraying once is 200~250mL, and Growing season interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time for 7~10 days.

Foliage spray: before blooming and respectively to spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% biphosphate young fruit development phase and autumn Potassium sprays the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1% at florescence and young fruit development phase；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding；

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine "；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, Sprayed primary, continuously spray 2~3 times again every 15~20 days.

Embodiment 5

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite mixing, adds water to wet, configured Good Nutrition Soil；

Configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

It applies nutrition fertilizer: after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirring evenly and be packed into sealing in polybag, place sunlight Under make its heating, ferment 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing be added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer, will prepare Good nutrition fertilizer smashed the sieve of 0.5cm, obtained prepared nutrition fertilizer, Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, is applied Used time is spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with loosen the soil shallow embedding soil in, each amount of application≤20 gram/basin.

Spray nutritious liquor: formula one, 20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of soya-bean cake, 1000 parts of water are put into fermentation one in hermetically sealed can Supernatant is taken to add 100 times of water dilutions after month,

Two, 1 part of pipe tobacco are formulated, 1000 parts of rice washing water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant after one month,

Three, 5 parts of broken egg shell are formulated, 100 parts of Yoghourt water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant to add 10 water dilute after 10 days It releases,

Growing season interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time for 7~10 days, is used after the third volume ratio mixing of formula one, formula two, formula, The amount of spraying once is 200~250mL/ basin.

Foliage spray: before blooming and respectively to spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% biphosphate young fruit development phase and autumn Potassium sprays the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1% at florescence and young fruit development phase；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine "；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, Sprayed primary, continuously spray 2~3 times again every 15~20 days.

Embodiment 6

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts 70 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, bean dregs 5 Part, 0.1 part of cigarette ash, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme mixing, add water to wet, obtain configured Nutrition Soil；

Configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

It applies nutrition fertilizer: after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirring evenly and be packed into sealing in polybag, place sunlight Under make its heating, ferment 15~20 days, stack retting 3~5 days, obtain prepared nutrition fertilizer, prepared nutrition fertilizer was smashed The sieve of 0.5cm obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer, and Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, and when application is spread with its powder To basin soil surface, in conjunction in the shallow embedding soil that loosens the soil, each amount of application≤20 gram/basin.

Spray nutritious liquor: formula one, 20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of soya-bean cake, 1000 parts of water are put into fermentation one in hermetically sealed can Supernatant is taken to add 100 times of water dilutions after month,

Two, 1 part of pipe tobacco are formulated, 1000 parts of rice washing water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant after one month,

Three, 5 parts of broken egg shell are formulated, 100 parts of Yoghourt water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant to add 10 water dilute after 10 days It releases,

Growing season interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time for 7~10 days, is used after the third volume ratio mixing of formula one, formula two, formula, The amount of spraying once is 200~250mL/ basin.

Foliage spray: before blooming and respectively to spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% biphosphate young fruit development phase and autumn Potassium sprays the boron fertilizer that 1~2 concentration is 0.05%~0.1% at florescence and young fruit development phase；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine "；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days before fruit maturation, Sprayed primary, continuously spray 2~3 times again every 15~20 days.

Comparative example:

A kind of apple bonsai production method proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: mid-March to early April spring soil is sowed after thawing, to nursery organic fertilizer, Bed surface is flattened after turning over, is whole thin, sowing starts to chase after nutrition fertilizer when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces of true leaves；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, soaks seedling with 3~5 degree of lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions 10~20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rushed with clear water Wash root, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing:

40 parts of crop material, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of bean dregs, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, cross the sieve of 0.5cm；

By 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite mixing, adds water to wet, configured Good Nutrition Soil；

Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses battalion Soil is supported, fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil Earth after potted landscape is well placed, is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, and 1 time is rewatered after water is blotted i.e. It can；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn are poured daily Every 2~3 days of season watered 1 time, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising

Growing season interval applies common chemical fertilizer for 20~30 days 1 time, is spaced 7~10 days pesticide grown 1 time, before blooming and young fruit development Phase and autumn respectively spray 1 concentration be 0.1%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, florescence and young fruit development phase spray 1~2 time it is dense The boron fertilizer that degree is 0.05%~0.1%；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, and the old soil of around root and bottom is removed 1/4 or so, it changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water.

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding

Trimming: Summerly pruning is carried out in late May to early June, repeatedly carries out pinching, girdling, is retained a part and is faced When property branch, appropriate adjustment is tree-like, and removes the empty branch of non-fruiting, close branch, makes to set entirely compact, balanced, and dormant pruning is first It is carried out after spring breaking dormancy to before germinateing, it then follows " first whole, rear part is first formed, the principle of Hou Dingguo ".

Dry moulding: using curved method is done, carrying out in Growing season, turn of bilge position even saw 2~3 need to be being made, as deep as xylem 1/3~1/2, it is fixed after bending, it is wrapped up with plastic cloth, can be healed for the year；When being unsuitable for doing curved moulding, using cutting strunk method, spring It is carried out before Ji Mengya, retains graceful stub, cultivated trunk and tree crown again, part and wound callus are stayed after cutting strunk Around generate the shoot of more adventitious bud formation, choice direction, position are suitble to, and the healthy and vigorous bud of growing way, branch leave, remaining goes It removes.

Branch moulding: use pruning method, a direction is adjusted to using the directionality of bud, after repeatedly trimming it is vigorous Strong distorted shape, it is larger if you need to the angle of variation, culture rear portion branch, the method trimming of retraction front branch can be used；It is pricked using coiling Method is fixed on one end of wire the base portion or infall of limb, is adjacent to bark winding, and when winding keeps wire density suitable Degree and branch angle are in 45° angle, and the twisted direction of branch is consistent with the direction that wire is wound, twisted in winding, are removed after 1 year Wire.

The moulding of root: by the naturally dry winding of ring of longer root system, in insemination pot, a form is selected in growth, overstriking Upper part is grafted onto rootstock part by the root segment for the same tree species that 30 centimetres or so of graceful length, and lower part is embedded in basin soil, after healing Surface layer basin soil is gradually removed, carries out mentioning root.

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

Fruit bagging: thank spend after complete bagging in 30~45 days, bagging time at the morning 8 after to 12 when before, After when afternoon 2 to before getting damp at dusk；

Fruit bag: bag is plucked within 30 days before list marketing；Bag time fine day is plucked preferably after 10 points of the morning to 4 points of advances in afternoon Row, can whole day progress when cloudy；

Fruit note word: after the fruit bag of apple bonsai, " happy birthday ", " happiness as boundless as the eastern seas ", " longevity are sticked in fruit surface Than South Mountain ", " boom ", " may you be hapy and prosperous ", the printed words such as " everything is just fine ".

1 fruit tree growth phase performance test of table

The exterior quality of 2 potted apple fruit of table

The interior quality of 3 potted apple fruit of table

The content of 4 potted apple pulp Mineral Elements of table

It can be seen from the data of table 1~4 compared with comparative example, the apple bonsai production side of the embodiment of the present invention 1~6 Apple bonsai chlorophyll content in leaf blades, flower percentage of fertile fruit, average single plant yield, fruit spur and the flowers shape fruit branch ratio that method obtains Rate, mean fruit weight, viewing period are significantly increased, meanwhile, fruit interior quality, exterior quality and various content of mineral substances It all significantly improves, plays unexpected effect.

It is compared with embodiment 2,3,4, the apple bonsai leaf chlorophyll that the apple bonsai production method of embodiment 1 obtains contains Amount, flower percentage of fertile fruit, average single plant yield, fruit spur and flowers shape fruit branch ratio, mean fruit weight significantly improve, and illustrate this Inventing specific ratio of nutrient solution has facilitation to fruit tree nutrition growth, fruit growth etc., in addition, in terms of fruit, fruit Appearance and interior quality, which also have, significantly to be improved, using soya-bean cake simple and easy to get in life, pipe tobacco, rice washing water, broken egg shell, acid These raw materials such as milk are used in compounding as nutrient solution, and compared with being used alone, one of formula test effect is more preferable, Duo Zhongying Play the role of being mutually improved and cooperateing between nutrient solution, fruits and vegetables nutrient elements required for the growth is not only provided after application, but also The concentration for improving leaf cell liquid keeps leaf color dark green, photosynthesis enhancing, thus keep fruit tree percentage of fertile fruit and yield high, Jin Erti High fruit quality.

It is compared with embodiment 5, the average single plant yield for the apple bonsai that the apple bonsai production method of embodiment 1 obtains, Fruit spur and flowers shape fruit branch ratio, mean fruit weight significantly improve, and chlorophyll content in leaf blades improves, and illustrate of the invention specific Nutrition Soil provides suitable environmental condition for fruit tree growth, provides nutrient abundant to improve fruit-setting rate and fruit Real yield also produces active influence to fruit quality.

It is compared with embodiment 6, the average single plant yield for the apple bonsai that the apple bonsai production method of embodiment 1 obtains, Fruit spur and flowers shape fruit branch ratio, mean fruit weight significantly improve, and chlorophyll content in leaf blades improves, and illustrate of the invention specific Nutrition fertilizer provides nutrient abundant for fruit tree growth, improves chlorophyll content in leaf blades, improves intensity of photosynthesis, To improve fruit-setting rate and fruit yield, while improving fruit quality.

In the present invention, Nutrition Soil, nutrition fertilizer, the nutrient solution of specific proportion are used in compounding, improve fruit tree fruit-setting rate and Fruit quality is also improved while fruit yield, the apple bonsai fruit spur and flowers that making method for its potted landscape of the invention obtains Shape fruit branch ratio, achieves good appreciation effect；Reduce pest and disease damage in fruit tree growth, plays good practical effect Fruit.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of apple bonsai production method, which comprises the following steps:

S1, seedling breeding: it to Researches of Fertilizer Application in Nursery Beds, turns over processing mid-March to early April, sows, when seedling grows to 4~5 pieces Start top dressing when true leaf；

S2, seedling treatment: pinching processing is carried out when nursery stock up reaches 50~60cm from unearthed position；

S3, grafting: bud is carried out when 8~September part nursery stock rugosity reaches 0.5cm and is connect, is done surely to 60~80cm；

S4, nursery stock disinfection: nursery stock being dug from nursery, cuts off bad root, with 3~5 degree lime sulphur solution aqueous solutions soak seedlings 10~ 20 minutes, root is rinsed well with clear water, or soaked seedling 20 minutes or so with 1: 1: 100 Bordeaux mixture, rinses root with clear water Portion, packed for standby use；

S5, Nutrition Soil processing: nutritive soil preparation, exposure in sunshine, covers tightly heating at hot fermentation；

Basin on S6, transplanting: tile on flowerpot heelpiece pours into a small amount of Nutrition Soil to flowerpot, is put into the nursery stock chosen, doses nutrition Soil fills up the space around seedling root until basinful, and vibration flowerpot simultaneously compresses basin soil, stops the 1/5 of bead, takes out extra soil, After potted landscape is well placed, it is watered with water immediately, reaches the degree that water is flowed out from drainage hole, rewaters after water is blotted 1 time；

S7, watering: it watered 1 time within spring every 1~2 day, summer pours 1~2 time daily；At the beginning of autumn late summer, 1 water, autumn every 2 are poured daily It waters 1 time within~3 days, watered 1 time within winter every 5~15 days；

S8, fertilising: Growing season interval is applied nutrition fertilizer 1 time for 20~30 days, and interval is applied nutrient solution 1 time for 7~10 days, before blooming and young fruit It is 0.1%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate that puberty and autumn, which respectively spray 1 concentration, sprays 1~2 at florescence and young fruit development phase The boron fertilizer that secondary concentration is 0.05%~0.1%；

S9, change basin: basin tree is taken out from former basin, wipes out root bed course by autumn, by the old soil removal 1/4 of around root and bottom Left and right, changes to new compost and transplants again, shade, spray water；

S10, daily management: trimming, moulding；

S11, fruit processing: fruit bagging, fruit bag, fruit note word；

S12, extend viewing period: the naphthalene acid solution of 30~50 mg/litres of spray in 30~40 days, interval 15 before fruit maturation Primary, continuously spray 2~3 times are sprayed within~20 days again.

2. a kind of apple bonsai production method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Nutrition Soil described in step S3 by Following parts by weight of component composition: 60 parts of rural area soil, 40 parts of crop material, 30 parts of decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of coco bran, beans 5 parts of slag, 0.4 part of cellulolytic enzyme, 0.1 part of cigarette ash.

3. a kind of apple bonsai production method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step S5 specifically:

S51, crop material, vermiculite, bean dregs, decomposed cow dung are crushed respectively, crosses the sieve of 0.5cm；

S52, rural area soil, crop material, decomposed cow dung, vermiculite, coco bran, bean dregs, cigarette ash, cellulolytic enzyme are mixed, adds water It is extremely wet, obtain configured Nutrition Soil；

S53, configured Nutrition Soil is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is fermented 3 months at 50~70 DEG C, the Nutrition Soil after being fermented；

S54, the Nutrition Soil after fermentation is spread out, the exposure under solar glare is stirred and is allowed to thermally equivalent, noon heap while hot later Product, is covered tightly with plastic cloth, is so repeated one week, the Nutrition Soil handled well.

4. a kind of apple bonsai production method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that nutrition fertilizer described in step S8 Preparation method the following steps are included:

S81, it after adding water sufficiently to drench sesame paste scrap fertilizer, stirs evenly and is packed into sealing in polybag, placing adds it under sunlight Temperature ferments 15~20 days, the orange peel of crushing is added, stack retting 3~5 days, obtains prepared nutrition fertilizer；

S82, the sieve that prepared nutrition fertilizer was smashed to 0.5cm are spread to basin soil surface with its powder, in conjunction with the shallow embedding soil that loosens the soil In.

5. a kind of apple bonsai production method according to claim 4 any one, which is characterized in that described in step S8 Nutrient solution is specially formula as below:

It is formulated one, 20 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of soya-bean cake, 1000 parts of water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant to add after one month 100 times of water dilutions,

Two, 1 part of pipe tobacco are formulated, 1000 parts of rice washing water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant after one month,

Three, 5 parts of broken egg shell are formulated, 100 parts of Yoghourt water are put into fermentation in hermetically sealed can and take supernatant that 10 water is added to dilute after 10 days.

6. a kind of apple bonsai production method according to claim 5 any one, which is characterized in that described in step S8 Nutrient solution is to use after being formulated the third volume ratio mixing of one, formula two, formula, and the amount of spraying once is 200~250mL/ basin.