CN112568073A - Cultivation method for dragon fruit seedlings - Google Patents
Cultivation method for dragon fruit seedlings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112568073A CN112568073A CN202011474217.8A CN202011474217A CN112568073A CN 112568073 A CN112568073 A CN 112568073A CN 202011474217 A CN202011474217 A CN 202011474217A CN 112568073 A CN112568073 A CN 112568073A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seeds
- parts
- main
- vine
- cup
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000157072 Hylocereus undatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 235000018481 Hylocereus undatus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010837 Echinocereus enneacanthus subsp brevispinus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006850 Echinocereus enneacanthus var dubius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000219357 Cactaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006915 Petasites Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/13—Zeolites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings, which comprises the following steps: s1, filling a substrate; s2, sowing seeds: accelerating germination of seeds, dibbling the seeds in a nutrient cup culture medium after exposure to white, and sowing two seeds in each cup; s3, main vine cultivation: after seeds germinate, moving nutrient cups with similar growth vigor in the same seedling raising tray together, and inserting a support rod at the outer corner of each nutrient cup; s4, promoting early maturing of the main vines: when the main vines grow to a position 8-10 cm away from the tops of the supporting rods, stem tips of the main vines are removed, and topping is carried out, so that the branch vines are promoted to mature; and (4) selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culture, and removing other buds. The cultivation method of the dragon fruit seedling has the advantages of standardization, uniformity, high controllable degree, difficult mixing and contribution to management of the seedling; and moreover, seedling transplantation is omitted, and the time required for root system recovery is shortened, so that the breeding process is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings.
Background
Pitaya (Latin article name: Hylocereus undatus Britt), also known as red dragon fruit, Xianmei fruit, and Yulong dragon fruit. Cactaceae, genus Petasites. The fruit is oval, 10-12 cm in diameter, red or yellow in appearance, has a green rounded triangle-shaped frond, white, red or yellow flesh, and has black seeds. The dragon fruit is rich in nutrition and unique in function, and contains plant albumin and anthocyanin which are few in common plants, abundant vitamins and water-soluble dietary fibers. The dragon fruit belongs to cool fruit, and in a natural state, the fruit is ripe in summer and autumn, and is sweet and juicy.
In the process of dragon fruit crossbreeding, the crossbreeding seed has a longer growth and development process from sowing to seedling or grafting. At present, after hybrid progeny seeds are obtained in dragon fruit crossbreeding, the conventional method is mainly to directly sow the hybrid seeds on a large tray, and transplant the hybrid seeds after the hybrid seeds bud and grow to a certain size. Because the seed germination time is inconsistent, the later growth difference is large, and the management is difficult. In the seedling stage, the branches are thin and weak and are easy to fall down, and because the thorn seats are dense, when the plant falls down, the plant is easy to take out and grow into the cluster-shaped new buds, and the mutual extrusion and shielding among the new buds are heavier. Thus not only being beneficial to the growth of the seedlings, but also being beneficial to the management in the later period. If the management is not timely, cross entanglement among different single plants is easily caused. As the combination and generation number of the hybridization are increased, the population and the number of individuals of the seedlings are in a geometric grade growth state, and the chaotic state is easier to occur. In addition, the transplantation is easy to cause the damage of the root system, and the increased recovery period of the root system leads to the prolongation of the seedling time.
Therefore, a simple, regular and convenient seedling cultivation method which is not easy to fall down and damage the root system is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a cultivation method of dragon fruit seedlings, which has the advantages of high standardization, uniformity and controllability, difficult mixing and contribution to management of the seedlings; and moreover, seedling transplantation is omitted, and the time required for root system recovery is shortened, so that the breeding process is accelerated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cultivation method of dragon fruit seedlings comprises the following steps:
s1, matrix loading: and (3) filling a culture medium into the nutrition cup, wherein the cup filling height of the culture medium is 0.8-1.2 cm away from the cup mouth.
S2, sowing seeds: accelerating germination of seeds, sowing the seeds in a nutrient cup culture medium after exposing white, and sowing two seeds in each cup.
S3, main vine cultivation: after seeds sprout, nutrient cups with similar growth vigor in the same seedling tray are moved together, and each 4 adjacent nutrient cups form a cultivation unit; selecting and reserving one seedling with good growth vigor in each nutrition cup, and pulling out the other seedling; pruning the selected and remained seedling, and only keeping the bud with best growth vigor as a main vine.
When the seedlings grow to 4-6 cm, inserting a supporting rod at the outer corner of each nutrition cup, and fixing the branches and tendrils on the supporting rods; the tops of 4 supporting rods of the same cultivation unit are fixed together to form a cultivation frame.
S4, promoting early maturing of the main vines: when the main vines grow to a position 8-10 cm away from the tops of the supporting rods, stem tips of the main vines are removed, and topping is carried out, so that the branch vines are promoted to mature; and (4) selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culture, and removing other buds.
Preferably, in step S1, the culture medium includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of rice hulls, 10-20 parts of furfural residues, 30-40 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 15-20 parts of zeolite, 3-5 parts of ceramsite, 10-20 parts of peat soil and 10-20 parts of nutrient soil.
Preferably, in step S2, the pulp of the hybrid fruit is washed clean to obtain the seeds.
Preferably, in step S2, the seeds are first soaked in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 1-2 h for disinfection, and then germination is performed.
Preferably, in step S3, the support bar is made of plastic-coated steel with a length of 40-50 cm and a thickness of 0.15-0.35 cm.
Preferably, in step S3, the top portions are clamped together by clips or tied together by ropes at a distance of 2-3 cm from the top portion for fixing.
Preferably, in the step S4, when the new main vine grows to 8-15 cm, the young branches can be grafted in advance when the new main vine leaves the juvenile stage; or after the branches are aged, fat and strong, identifying the branches by adopting a grafting method.
Preferably, in step S4, only a part of the thorn seat or stem segment at the top end of the main vine is taken during grafting, after the grafting is determined to survive, the remaining new main vine is pruned, other branches in the nutrition cup are removed, and the new main vine is directly inserted into the original nutrition cup for preservation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cultivation method disclosed by the invention is standardized, uniform, high in controllable degree, not easy to mix and beneficial to management of seedling; and moreover, seedling transplantation is omitted, and the time required for root system recovery is shortened, so that the breeding process is accelerated.
2. According to the cultivation method, two seeds are sown in each nutrition cup, then seedlings with good growth vigor are kept, the seedlings with similar growth vigor are moved together, each four nutrition cups form a cultivation unit and are fixed together by a cultivation frame, lodging is prevented, and management is easy. Meanwhile, the transplanting process of seedlings is saved, and the time required by root system recovery is reduced, so that the breeding process is accelerated.
3. According to the planting method, stem tip removing and topping treatment is carried out on the main vines to promote the branches and vines to mature; selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culture, and grafting the tender branches in advance; or after the branches are aged, fat and strong, identifying the branches by adopting a grafting method. During grafting, only part of the thorn seats or stem sections at the top ends of the main vines are taken, after the grafting is determined to survive, the remaining new main vines are pruned, other branches in the nutrition cup are pulled out, and the new main vines are directly inserted into the original nutrition cup for storage, so that later verification and subsequent tests are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of a structure of a cultivation shelf according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the growth of seedlings of the dragon fruit of example 3;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the growth of seedlings of pitaya of comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
a dragon fruit seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, loading a substrate: and filling a substrate in the nutrition cup, wherein a clean, non-pathogenic-insect-pathogen, loose, breathable, good-water-retaining property and relatively-decomposition-resistant light culture substrate is selected, and the filling height of the culture substrate is 1cm away from the cup mouth.
Step S2, seed acquisition and sowing: cleaning pulp in the hybrid fruits, taking out seeds, and soaking the seeds in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 1 hour; placing the disinfected seeds in an incubator at 28 ℃ for germination acceleration, dibbling the seeds in a nutrition cup matrix after exposure to white, sowing two seeds in each cup, and slightly covering the seeds with a small amount of matrix; watering at proper time to keep the matrix moist and ensure the normal germination of the seeds.
Step S3, main vine cultivation: after seeds sprout, nutrient cups with similar growth vigor in the same seedling tray are moved together, and each 4 adjacent nutrient cups form a cultivation frame unit; selecting and reserving one seedling with good growth vigor in each nutrition cup, and pulling out the other seedling; pruning the selected and remained seedling, and only keeping the bud with best growth vigor as a main vine.
When the seedlings grow to about 5cm, inserting a plastic-coated steel which is 45cm long and 0.2cm thick at the outer corner of each nutrition cup, wherein the plastic-coated steel is of a hard structure and is not easy to corrode and deform; fixing the branches and tendrils on plastic-coated steel by using a small clamp so as to prevent lodging; 4 of same cultivation unit mould a packet steel and press from both sides together with the clip in about 2 ~ 3cm departments apart from the top, can make to mould a packet steel more firm, prevent that the east is fallen the west and is askew to lead to in disorder.
Step S4, the main vine promotes precocity: when the main vines grow to a position 10cm away from the tops of the plastic-coated steels, removing stems and topping with a sharp blade to promote the maturation of the vines; and (4) selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culture, and removing other buds.
Example 2:
a dragon fruit seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, loading a substrate: and filling a substrate in the nutrition cup, wherein a clean, non-pathogenic-insect-pathogen, loose, breathable, good-water-retaining property and relatively-decomposition-resistant light culture substrate is selected, and the filling height of the culture substrate is 1cm away from the cup mouth.
The culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of rice hulls, 20 parts of furfural residues, 30 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 20 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of ceramsite, 20 parts of peat soil and 10 parts of nutrient soil.
Step S2, seed acquisition and sowing: cleaning pulp in the hybrid fruits, taking out seeds, and soaking the seeds in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 2 hours; placing the disinfected seeds in an incubator at 28 ℃ for germination acceleration, dibbling the seeds in a nutrition cup matrix after exposure to white, sowing two seeds in each cup, and slightly covering the seeds with a small amount of matrix; watering at proper time to keep the matrix moist and ensure the normal germination of the seeds.
Step S3, main vine cultivation: after seeds sprout, nutrient cups with similar growth vigor in the same seedling tray are moved together, and each 4 adjacent nutrient cups form a cultivation frame unit; selecting and reserving one seedling with good growth vigor in each nutrition cup, and pulling out the other seedling; pruning the selected and remained seedling, and only keeping the bud with best growth vigor as a main vine.
When the seedlings grow to about 5cm, inserting a plastic-coated steel which is 45cm long and 0.2cm thick at the outer corner of each nutrition cup, wherein the plastic-coated steel is of a hard structure and is not easy to corrode and deform; fixing the branches and tendrils on plastic-coated steel by using a small clamp so as to prevent lodging; 4 of same cultivation unit mould a packet steel and press from both sides together with the clip in about 2 ~ 3cm departments apart from the top, can make to mould a packet steel more firm, prevent that the east is fallen the west and is askew to lead to in disorder.
Step S4, the main vine promotes precocity: when the main vines grow to a position 10cm away from the tops of the plastic-coated steels, removing stems and topping with a sharp blade to promote the maturation of the vines; selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culturing, and removing other buds; when the new main vine grows to about 10cm and basically leaves the juvenile stage, the twig grafting can be carried out in advance.
Step S5, storing filial generation: during grafting, only part of the thorn seats or stem sections at the top ends of the main vines are taken, after the grafting is determined to survive, the remaining new main vines are pruned, other branches and vines in the nutrition cup are pulled out, and the new main vines are directly inserted into the original nutrition cup for storage.
Example 3:
a dragon fruit seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, loading a substrate: filling a substrate in the nutrition cup, wherein a clean, non-pathogenic-insect-pathogen, loose, breathable, good-water-retaining property and relatively-decomposition-resistant light culture substrate is selected, and the filling height of the culture substrate is 1cm away from the cup mouth; the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of rice hulls, 15 parts of furfural residues, 35 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 16 parts of zeolite, 4 parts of ceramsite, 15 parts of peat soil and 15 parts of nutrient soil.
Step S2, seed acquisition and sowing: cleaning pulp in the hybrid fruits, taking out seeds, and soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 1.5 h; placing the disinfected seeds in an incubator at 28 ℃ for germination acceleration, dibbling the seeds in a nutrition cup matrix after exposure to white, sowing two seeds in each cup, and slightly covering the seeds with a small amount of matrix; watering at proper time to keep the matrix moist and ensure the normal germination of the seeds.
Step S3, main vine cultivation: after seeds sprout, nutrient cups with similar growth vigor in the same seedling tray are moved together, and each 4 adjacent nutrient cups form a cultivation frame unit; selecting and reserving one seedling with good growth vigor in each nutrition cup, and pulling out the other seedling; pruning the selected and remained seedling, and only keeping the bud with best growth vigor as a main vine.
When the seedlings grow to about 5cm, inserting a plastic-coated steel which is 50cm long and 0.15cm thick at the outer corner of each nutrition cup, wherein the plastic-coated steel is of a hard structure and is not easy to corrode and deform; fixing the branches and tendrils on plastic-coated steel by using a small clamp so as to prevent lodging; 4 of same cultivation unit mould a packet steel and press from both sides together with the clip in about 2 ~ 3cm departments apart from the top, can make to mould a packet steel more firm, prevent that the east is fallen the west and is askew to lead to in disorder.
Step S4, the main vine promotes precocity: when the main vines grow to a position 10cm away from the tops of the plastic-coated steels, removing stems and topping with a sharp blade to promote the maturation of the vines; selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culturing, and removing other buds; and identifying the branches by adopting a grafting method after the branches are aged, fat and strong.
Step S5, storing filial generation: during grafting, only part of the thorn seats or stem sections at the top ends of the main vines are taken, after the grafting is determined to survive, the remaining new main vines are pruned, other branches and vines in the nutrition cup are pulled out, and the new main vines are directly inserted into the original nutrition cup for storage.
Comparative example 1
A method for cultivating seedlings of dragon fruits by referring to the method in the embodiment 3 with the application number of CN201810132076.8 comprises the following steps:
step S1, seed acquisition and sowing: cleaning pulp in the hybrid fruits, taking out seeds, and soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 1.5 h; placing the disinfected seeds in an incubator at 28 ℃ for accelerating germination, dibbling the seeds in a large tray after exposure to white, and slightly covering the seeds with a small amount of matrix; watering at proper time to keep the matrix moist and ensure the normal germination of the seeds.
The culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of rice hulls, 15 parts of furfural residues, 35 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 16 parts of zeolite, 4 parts of ceramsite, 15 parts of peat soil and 15 parts of nutrient soil.
Step S2, processing and planting seedlings, cutting the lower half section of seedlings into 15cm long as a mother stem, reserving a first thorn seat and a second thorn seat above one edge, reserving the first thorn seat and the second thorn seat to grow into a second generation bud, castrating all the thorn seats on the other edges on the mother stem, and cutting the base part of the mother stem into a wedge shape; soaking, disinfecting, sterilizing and air drying the mother stems, obliquely inserting the mother stems into a culture medium with the depth of 2cm, only inserting one mother stem into each grid, and enabling the upper ends of the mother stems to be exposed outside openings of the grids by 5 cm; when the mother stems are inserted into the culture medium, the mother stem pricks are uniformly close to one corner of the grid, and the mother stem pricks are towards the center of the grid and uniformly face with the mother stem pricks in the box body;
step S3, pruning the seedling, and only keeping the second generation bud with better growth vigor after the first and second thorn seats of the seedling extract the second generation bud; when the second generation bud grows to about 5cm, topping the second reciprocal node of the second generation bud base, only keeping the thorn seat of one node of the base, and promoting the third generation bud;
step S4, selecting new mother stem, observing whether the thorn seat of the new bud is separated from the thorn hair stage when the third generation bud grows to about 5cm, repeating topping if the bud is still in the thorn hair state, and allowing the growth of the new bud of the quasi-adult to extend until the thorn seat of the grown N generation bud is close to the adult thorn seat; the sprout is not topped until the sprout is 30cm long to promote the sprout to be mature, only the first and the second spicules above one of the edges are reserved, and the spicules on the other edges are all castrated.
Step S4, storing filial generation: the mature mother stem of the quasi-adult sprout can be cut off at the base of sprout body, directly inserted into the original grid for preservation, and used for grafting.
Comparative example 2
A dragon fruit seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, seed acquisition and sowing: cleaning pulp in the hybrid fruits, taking out seeds, and soaking in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 1.5 h; placing the disinfected seeds in an incubator at 28 ℃ for accelerating germination, dibbling the seeds in a large tray after exposure to white, and slightly covering the seeds with a small amount of matrix; watering at proper time to keep the matrix moist and ensure the normal germination of the seeds.
The culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of rice hulls, 15 parts of furfural residues, 35 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 16 parts of zeolite, 4 parts of ceramsite, 15 parts of peat soil and 15 parts of nutrient soil.
Step S2, planting seedlings and culturing main vines: transplanting the seedlings into a cultivation box comprising a plurality of grids, transplanting the seedlings with similar growth vigor together, and forming a cultivation frame unit by every 4 adjacent grids; pruning the seedling, and only reserving the bud with the best growth vigor for culturing as a main vine.
When the seedlings grow to about 5cm, inserting a plastic-coated steel which is 50cm long and 0.15cm thick at the outer corner of each nutrition cup, wherein the plastic-coated steel is of a hard structure and is not easy to corrode and deform; fixing the branches and tendrils on plastic-coated steel by using a small clamp so as to prevent lodging; 4 of same cultivation unit mould a packet steel and press from both sides together with the clip in about 2 ~ 3cm departments apart from the top, can make to mould a packet steel more firm, prevent that the east is fallen the west and is askew to lead to in disorder.
Step S3, the main vine promotes precocity: when the main vines grow to a position 10cm away from the tops of the plastic-coated steels, removing stems and topping with a sharp blade to promote the maturation of the vines; selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culturing, and removing other buds; and identifying the branches by adopting a grafting method after the branches are aged, fat and strong.
Step S4, storing filial generation: during grafting, only part of the thorn seats or stem sections at the top ends of the main vines are taken, after the grafting is determined to survive, the remaining new main vines are pruned, other branches and vines in the nutrition cup are pulled out, and the new main vines are directly inserted into the original nutrition cup for storage.
As shown in FIG. 3, the culture method of comparative example 1 requires transplanting of seedlings and does not perform the main vine precocity treatment. Not only is easy to fall down, but also needs to manually remove redundant buds, is inconvenient to topping and castrate the thorn seat, increases the manual workload, and is not easy to grow seedlings.
The culture method of comparative example 2 requires transplanting seedlings, but the main vine culture for accelerating the maturity also enables a seedling process to be somewhat faster, and can also be advanced by about 2 months compared with comparative document 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cultivation method of example 3 not only omits the seedling transplanting process, but also performs the cultivation of the cultivation frame to assist the main vines to promote early ripening, so that the seedlings are not easy to fall, and the seedlings with different growth vigors are convenient to manage, the main vines grow fast, the topping and the castration are convenient, the labor is reduced, and the seedling growing process is accelerated. Compared with the comparative example 1, the main vines are used for promoting the precocity, seedlings do not need to be transplanted, and the time can be advanced by 2-3 months. Compared with the comparative example 2, the seedling transplantation is not needed, and the time can be 7-10 days earlier.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A cultivation method of dragon fruit seedlings is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, matrix loading: filling a culture medium into the nutrition cup, wherein the cup filling height of the culture medium is 0.8-1.2 cm away from the cup mouth;
s2, sowing seeds: accelerating germination of seeds, dibbling the seeds in a nutrient cup culture medium after exposure to white, and sowing two seeds in each cup;
s3, main vine cultivation: after seeds sprout, nutrient cups with similar growth vigor in the same seedling tray are moved together, and each 4 adjacent nutrient cups form a cultivation unit; selecting and reserving one seedling with good growth vigor in each nutrition cup, and pulling out the other seedling; pruning the selected and remained seedlings, and only keeping the buds with the best growth vigor as main vines;
when the seedlings grow to 4-6 cm, inserting a supporting rod at the outer corner of each nutrition cup, and fixing the branches and tendrils on the supporting rods; the tops of 4 supporting rods of the same cultivation unit are fixed together to form a cultivation frame;
s4, promoting early maturing of the main vines: when the main vines grow to a position 8-10 cm away from the tops of the supporting rods, stem tips of the main vines are removed, and topping is carried out, so that the branch vines are promoted to mature; and (4) selecting one branch vine grown after the main vine is topped as a new main vine for culture, and removing other buds.
2. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the culture medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of rice hulls, 10-20 parts of furfural residues, 30-40 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 15-20 parts of zeolite, 3-5 parts of ceramsite, 10-20 parts of peat soil and 10-20 parts of nutrient soil.
3. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the flesh of the hybrid fruit is cleaned to obtain seeds.
4. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the seeds are soaked in 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 1-2 h for disinfection, and then germination is performed.
5. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the support rod is made of plastic-coated steel with the length of 40-50 cm and the thickness of 0.15-0.35 cm.
6. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S3, clamping the parts 2-3 cm away from the top together by using a clamp or binding the parts together by using a rope for fixing.
7. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, when the new main vine grows to 8-15 cm, the young branch can be grafted in advance when the young branch leaves the juvenile stage; or after the branches are aged, fat and strong, identifying the branches by adopting a grafting method.
8. The method for cultivating dragon fruit seedlings according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, only part of thorn seats or stem segments at the top end of the main vine are taken during grafting, after the grafting is determined to be alive, the remaining new main vine is pruned, other branches in the nutrition cup are pulled out, and the new main vine is directly inserted into the original nutrition cup for storage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011474217.8A CN112568073A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Cultivation method for dragon fruit seedlings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011474217.8A CN112568073A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Cultivation method for dragon fruit seedlings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112568073A true CN112568073A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
Family
ID=75135357
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011474217.8A Pending CN112568073A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Cultivation method for dragon fruit seedlings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112568073A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075563A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2015-11-25 | 林天国 | Method of growing cucumber seedlings with nutrition cups |
| CN105284534A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 大新县生产力促进中心 | Planting method for rucea javanica |
| CN105493833A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-20 | 广西万博农业科技发展有限公司 | Dragon fruit propagation and breeding technology |
| CN105917928A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 博白县东平镇新业火龙果种植专业合作社 | Dragon fruit planting method |
| CN107980617A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method for shortening juvenile phase Rapid identification dragon fruit filial generation |
| CN108207513A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of removable dragon fruit preserving seed cultivation case and store method |
| CN109924076A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of breeding method shortening the dragon fruit crossbreeding period |
| CN110432017A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-12 | 贵州钏泰农业科技发展有限公司贞丰分公司 | A kind of dragon fruit grafting method |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202011474217.8A patent/CN112568073A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075563A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2015-11-25 | 林天国 | Method of growing cucumber seedlings with nutrition cups |
| CN105284534A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 大新县生产力促进中心 | Planting method for rucea javanica |
| CN105493833A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-20 | 广西万博农业科技发展有限公司 | Dragon fruit propagation and breeding technology |
| CN105917928A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 博白县东平镇新业火龙果种植专业合作社 | Dragon fruit planting method |
| CN107980617A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method for shortening juvenile phase Rapid identification dragon fruit filial generation |
| CN108207513A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of removable dragon fruit preserving seed cultivation case and store method |
| CN109924076A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of breeding method shortening the dragon fruit crossbreeding period |
| CN110432017A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-12 | 贵州钏泰农业科技发展有限公司贞丰分公司 | A kind of dragon fruit grafting method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘慧琳: "火龙果的种植技术与栽培", 《花百科》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104186190B (en) | Fruit tree hybrid seed sprouting and rooting method | |
| CN110313341B (en) | Macadamia nut container large seedling cultivation method | |
| CN104885773A (en) | Method for rapidly cultivating early shaping tissue culture commodity seedlings of blueberries | |
| CN105917898A (en) | Method for planting pumpkins | |
| CN111972288A (en) | Passion fruit in-vitro preservation and proliferation regeneration method | |
| CN107197746B (en) | Breeding method of cunninghamia lanceolata field excellent resources | |
| CN108207513B (en) | Movable dragon fruit germplasm preservation cultivation box and preservation method | |
| CN110301337A (en) | A kind of rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method | |
| CN106688632A (en) | Cultivation method of cherry nursery stock | |
| CN105284622A (en) | Method for rapid acquisition of excellent hybrid clone of iris | |
| CN110214616B (en) | Rapid cultivation breeding method for new loquat hybrid variety | |
| CN109526432B (en) | Sweet cherry seedling raising and garden building method in high-altitude cold areas | |
| CN111670704A (en) | Method for improving wedge grafting survival rate of olive | |
| KR101390396B1 (en) | Multiplication method of monocotyledon by removing stipes and by treating low temperature | |
| CN115885753A (en) | Method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings | |
| CN110249929B (en) | Rapid propagation method for muskmelon germplasm resources | |
| CN112568073A (en) | Cultivation method for dragon fruit seedlings | |
| CN115462303A (en) | Seedling raising method for gramineous plants | |
| CN108849500A (en) | The culture medium and method of a kind of rescue of lotus embryo and the development of offspring's fast-growth | |
| CN107873288A (en) | A kind of method of short low temperature sweet cherry graft seedling growth | |
| CN114402821A (en) | Method for raising seedlings of semi-lignified twigs of agilawood by cutting | |
| CN113728845A (en) | Method for rooting of Ardisia mamillata Hance tissue culture seedlings outside bottles | |
| CN111201934B (en) | Intermediate stock rooting cultivation method for avocados | |
| CN112385462B (en) | Method for culturing young branch grafted seedlings by using premature macadimia nuts | |
| CN106973702B (en) | Method for grafting peony woody plant to living body in vitro |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210330 |