CN112243714A - Hardwood cutting propagation method for magnolia sieboldii - Google Patents
Hardwood cutting propagation method for magnolia sieboldii Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii, which comprises the steps of preparing a cutting bed; a step of preparing cutting shoots; a step of cutting; a step of managing after insertion; a step of managing the hardening seedlings; a step of permanent planting and management. The invention adopts lignified stem segments containing 3 internodes as cutting slips, thereby improving the cutting propagation coefficient; the cutting technology obviously increases the number of adventitious roots and the length of the adventitious roots, the cutting survival rate reaches 81.33 percent, and the rooting rate is improved by 4 times compared with the rooting rate of magnolia stellera reported in literature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biology, relates to a plant propagation technology, and particularly relates to a hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii.
Background
The leaves, flowers and fruits of the magnolia plant have beautiful appearance, wonderful color and fragrance, wide greening application and remarkable anti-pollution capability, and is the world-recognized optimal tree population for landscaping and ecological construction. The plant of the family has more than 16 species of 300 species in the whole world, 11 species produced in China, about 165 species, accounting for 49 percent of the magnolia plant in the world, and is the head of the world. The magnolia denudata is a magnolia plant of the magnolia family, and has the advantages of large and large flowers, beautiful appearance, elegance and fragrant smell; and is also a market flower in Shanghai, which symbolizes the spirit of opening a way and reviving upwards. The magnolia is an important component of the Magnoliaceae, including the magnoliidae subgenus and magnolia subgenus, about 90 kinds of magnolia exist all over the world, and about 40 kinds of magnolia exist in China. The genus is a fast growing arbour with a plant height of up to 30m, such as Magnolia Yunnanensis (Magnolia campbellii) and the like, and a slow growing dwarf shrub with a plant height of no more than 3 m, such as Magnolia stellati (Magnolia stellata).
The Shanghai is a super-large city in China with a large population and limited land resources, Shanghai places Changjiang river and Huangpu river enter the sea area, the soil salinity and alkalinity are high, the greening vertical conditions are poor, and the problem of the human mole shield is prominent. With the development of the urbanization process and the requirement of the construction of the ecological garden city, people change the environment from greening to beautifying, ecologizing and three-dimensional greening, the dwarf magnolia is certainly favored by people with excellent quality such as smaller plant type, better adaptability and the like, and is glorious in the garden greening and ecological construction.
Magnolia asteroides (Magnolia stellata) is a plant of the genus Magnolia (Magnolia) of the family Magnoliaceae (Magnolia), also called Magnolia japonica, native to Japan. Deciduous shrubs or small trees grow on the tops of flowers, have open leaves, are white to rose in color, have a large number of long and narrow perianth, are unfolded like starburst, and have high ornamental value. At present, the Magnolia sieboldii is mainly planted in a special Magnolia garden in China, and the greening application is less seen; mainly because the seedling raising process of the magnolia sieboldii is slow, the available resources are less. The magnolia sieboldii propagation is carried out by 3 methods of sowing, grafting and cuttage; in the sowing and propagation, the early spring flowering is affected by freezing, so that the seed setting amount is small, the seedling maturation needs long time, and the flower color of the seedling in the flowering phase is irregular; the grafting propagation is not beneficial to popularization due to the complex technical operation; the cutting propagation has the advantages of consistent seedling color and flowering phase characters, short cutting seedling raising period, simple operation and the like, accelerates the seedling raising process, can be used for standardized production, and has wide future prospect.
The magnolia plants belong to the type difficult to root, the literature records that the cuttage survival rate of the magnolia plants is very low and is only 2% -10%, and the rooting rate of the magnolia plants is greatly improved along with the improvement of the cuttage technical level and the application of related facilities such as full-light cuttage and the like. The survival rate of the magnolia liliiflora like the magnolia liliiflora reaches more than 95 percent. The rooting rate of magnolia zenii can reach 70-95%. The cuttage survival rate of michelia is not high and is lower than 60 percent. However, the cutting survival rate of the magnolia sieboldii is 16%, and how to improve the cutting propagation survival rate of the magnolia sieboldii is necessary for expanding the production ten minutes. The research takes the magnolia sieboldii of 'rhododendron roseum' as a material, explores the hardwood cutting propagation technology of the magnolia sieboldii, and provides a technical basis for establishing a propagation technical system and standardized production in the next step.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hardwood cutting propagation method for magnolia sieboldii, which aims to solve the technical problem of low cuttage survival rate of the magnolia sieboldii in the prior art.
The invention provides a hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii, which comprises the following steps:
1) a step of preparing the slotting machine: the substrate adopted for cuttage is a mixture consisting of perlite and turf, the volume ratio of the perlite to the turf in the mixture is 1:1, the mixture is flatly paved in a hole tray, tap water is used for spraying and applying a bactericidal agent for removing the bacteria, and cuttage is carried out after the mixture is laid for one week;
2) a step of preparing cutting shoots: selecting a strong grown adult stock plant, selecting a sunny branch without diseases and insect pests and growing lignification outside the plant, cutting the branch into 3-joint 1 spike, cutting the upper and lower openings of the cutting spike 0.4-0.6mm away from the joint, and keeping the size of the leaf 1/2;
3) a cutting step: dipping the cutting slips prepared in the step 2) in a naphthylacetic acid rooting solution at a medium speed for 30s, drilling holes on the cutting bed prepared in the step 1), and then inserting the cutting slips;
4) a step of post-insertion management: step 3), immediately irrigating once with 20g/L chlorothalonil after cutting of the cutting slips; spraying at fixed time to cool and humidify in the first 45 days, controlling the temperature at 27-33 deg.C and humidity at above 70%; spraying at fixed time in the daytime within 45-75 days to reduce the temperature and humidify at 29-35 deg.C and control the humidity at above 50%; spraying 20g/L bactericide and 0.5g/L naphthylacetic acid rooting agent once every 10 days after the cutting, wherein the bactericide is alternately used by chlorothalonil and carbendazim;
5) a step of managing hardening seedlings: after 75 days of cuttage, when the root system of the cutting has a 2-3 grade root system, stopping spraying, watering thoroughly in the morning and at the evening every day instead, and hardening off the seedling stage from 75 days after cuttage to before leaf falling;
6) a step of field planting and management: after the cutting seedlings fall off leaves and before the leaves emerge in spring, the field planting period is set, after the field planting period, the seedlings are immediately watered thoroughly, 0.5g/L of naphthylacetic acid rooting agent is applied for 1-2 times, and in the period, the soil is kept moist; in spring of the next year, 1 time of watering before the leaves sprout; when the 2 nd leaf blade is just unfolded, 1 time of foliar fertilizer and naphthylacetic acid rooting agent are sprayed, and after the 4 th leaf blade is unfolded, 1 time of foliar fertilizer and naphthylacetic acid rooting agent are sprayed; and then transferring to normal seedling stage tending management.
Further, in the step 1), the thickness of the cutting substrate is 6-7 cm.
Further, in the step 2), the time for cutting the plant is ten days of 6 months.
Further, in the step 2), the stock plant variety is a grafted seedling of the magnolia stellata 'rose red' which is more than 6 years old, strong in growth and free of plant diseases and insect pests.
Further, in the step 2), the cutting slips are 3 internodes.
Further, in the step 2), the distance between the cutting slips and the upper and lower internodes is 0.5 cm.
Further, in step 2), the upper two petioles of the cutting shoot are reserved, and the leaves are cut off 1/2.
Further, in the step 1) and the step 4), the carbendazim is wettable powder with the mass percentage of 50%, and 20g/L of the carbendazim is diluted for use; the formulation of the chlorothalonil is wettable powder with the mass percent of 75%, the chlorothalonil is used after being diluted by 20g/L, and the rooting solution in the step 3) is 0.25g/L of naphthylacetic acid water solution.
Further, in the step 3), after the cutting is inserted, the plant row spacing is not covered by the leaves.
Further, the rooting solution in the step 3) is 0.25g/L of a naphthylacetic acid solution of Guoguang, the amount of the product is 2.5 g/bag,
the effective content is 20 percent.
Further, the soil planted in the step 6) is required to be loose and breathable, the fertility is moderate, and the pH value is 7-8; the foliar fertilizer in the step 6) is an eight-square root strong concentrated suspension state multifunctional fertilizer (a limited company of eight-square vertical and horizontal ecological technology from Shenzhen can be purchased), and the volume ratio of the fertilizer is 1: 100.
Further preferably, the thickness of the plug substrate in step 1) is preferably 7 cm.
Further preferably, the slotting machine in the step 1) is sterilized by using chlorothalonil, and a layer of meadow cloth is laid.
More preferably, the mother plant variety in the step 2) is 6-year-old grafting seedlings of magnolia stellata 'rose' (magnola. stellata 'Rosea'), the variety has high ornamental value, and the cuttage propagation coefficient is low as described in the literature.
Further preferably, the whole process of cutting preparation in the step 2) needs shading and moisturizing.
Further preferably, the holes punched in step 3) are made of a hard material with a diameter of 0.5 cm.
Further preferably, the row spacing of the plants in the step 3) is 6 × 3 cm.
Further preferably, in one step of colonization and management, the frost period is not colonized.
The invention provides a hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii, which improves the survival rate by reasonably controlling a cutting matrix, the concentration of a rooting agent, the soaking time and the internode length, and achieves the purpose of standardized propagation of the magnolia sieboldii. The standardized magnolia stellata seedlings provided by the invention increase the number of the sister group of the market flowers and enrich the number of the varieties of the market flower group. The invention provides a new plant material for the Shanghai high-salinity and alkalinity and the three-dimensional greening at the same time.
The invention mainly comprises four contents of cuttage substrate, rooting agent concentration, soaking time, internode length and the like.
The cutting medium has important functions of fixing plants, keeping moisture, ensuring respiration, providing nutrition, buffering adverse effects and the like. The reasonable cuttage substrate has the advantages of simple proportion, stable physicochemical property, low investment and convenient management, and can be put into commercial production and application, so that the cuttage substrate has better practical value and economic benefit.
Rooting agent, concentration of rooting agent and soaking time: the rooting agent can accelerate the generation of new roots of trees and promote the growth of the trees, and the common rooting and seedling strengthening agent (a single compound such as indoleacetic acid, sodium naphthylacetate and the like or a mixture of the compounds according to a scientific proportion) has great significance for inducing plants to root as soon as possible due to reasonable proportioning of the rooting agent and soaking time.
Internode number: the cutting branches are used as propagation materials, internode quantity is an important factor influencing the rooting rate and the propagation rate of the cutting slips, and the key for improving the propagation coefficient is to study the reasonable internode quantity of the cutting slips.
Moisturizing and water spraying and strong light shielding: all the plants are used as important environmental conditions in the cutting process, the cuttings die after being too dry and are not rooted soon, the cuttings are easy to rot when being too wet, the sunlight is too strong to preserve moisture, and the sunlight is too dark to be beneficial to the early rooting of the photosynthesis of the plants.
The cutting bed used in the cutting seedling raising method is an intelligent linkage greenhouse and is internally provided with a timing full-light-fog device.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cutting medium is prepared by mixing perlite and turf in a ratio of 1:1, and has the advantages of light weight, looseness, air permeability, water retention, plant growth nutrient supply and the like;
2. the cutting shoot adopts 3 knots and 1 shoot, so that the cutting propagation coefficient is effectively improved, and the method is suitable for the propagation of the magnolia sieboldii;
3. the rooting liquid used for cuttage is 0.25g/L of the aqueous solution of the naphthylacetic acid, and the naphthylacetic acid is quickly dipped for 30s, so that the quantity of the adventitious roots is increased, and the rooting rate is improved.
4. Cuttage is carried out on the full-fog cuttage bed which is automatically and intermittently sprayed at regular time in the greenhouse, the spraying amount and the spraying time can be accurately controlled, and the interference of human factors is avoided;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of positive and obvious technical effect. The invention adopts lignified stem segments containing 3 internodes as cutting slips, thereby improving the cutting propagation coefficient; the cutting technology obviously increases the number and the length of adventitious roots, the cutting survival rate reaches 81.33%, and the rooting rate is improved by 4 times compared with the rooting rate of magnolia stellera reported in the full-illumination cutting propagation technical literature of 3 magnolia species such as qian imperial glume and the like (qian imperial, wideanfen, and schima mirabilis. the full-illumination cutting propagation technology of 3 magnolia species [ J ] < < seed >, (2017, 36(3): 128) 129.).
Detailed Description
Example 1 hardwood cutting propagation method for Magnolia sieboldii
1 test site
The test site is arranged in an intelligent linkage greenhouse in a plant garden in the Shanghai, double-layer shading and ventilation equipment is opened in sunny weather of 10:00-17:00 in summer, and the shading and ventilation equipment is opened in sunny weather of 17:00-10:00 and sky-yin. An automatic atomizer was used for 14 periods of time, with an inner diameter of 4mm flexible tubing, 0.75m of one nozzle, and 3 rows of s-shaped set-up.
2 materials and methods
2.1 materials and preparation.
The test material is collected from a resource garden of a plant garden and planted and domesticated with rosewood for more than 3 years, and branches which grow strongly and have no plant diseases and insect pests are selected as cutting slips. The cutting medium adopts danish topiramate charcoal with the grain diameter of 0-10mm and perlite with the grain diameter of 2-4mm, and the seedling culture plate is 50 x 7.5cm in specification. The seedbed is cleaned in advance to remove impurities, and is sterilized and placed for more than one week.
2.2 test design and statistical methods
The test selects strong and disease and pest free 'rose red' star orchid branch, cuts into 3 cutting slips containing 1 internode, 2 internodes and 3 internodes, uses 3 matrixes with the volume ratio of the pure grass carbon, the pure perlite and the grass carbon to the perlite being 1:1, uses the national light water soluble naphthylacetic acid rooting agent to prepare different concentrations of 0.1250g/L, 0.2500g/L and 0.5000g/L, and sets different gradients of 30s, 15min and 30min for soaking time. Design orthogonal test L9 (4)3) Regardless of the interaction, the sequence of 9 combinations was repeated 3 times using an excel random block, and the average was determined as shown in Table 1. The set time period of 14 times per day was 30s per spray. After 2 months, the cutting shoots are pulled out and cleaned, the rooting rate, the rooting quantity and the rooting length are counted, and the data such as the quantity of new long leaves are recorded.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
1) a step of preparing the slotting machine: the substrate adopted for cuttage is a mixture consisting of perlite and turf, the mixture is spread in a hole tray, tap water is used for spraying and applying chlorothalonil bactericide, and cuttage is carried out after the mixture is placed for one week;
2) a step of preparing cutting shoots;
3) a cutting step: quickly dipping the cutting slips prepared in the step 2) in a naphthylacetic acid rooting solution, drilling holes on the cutting bed prepared in the step 1), and then inserting the cutting slips;
4) a step of post-insertion management: step 3), immediately irrigating once with 20g/L chlorothalonil after cutting of the cutting slips; spraying at fixed time to cool and humidify in the first 45 days, controlling the temperature at 27-33 deg.C and humidity at above 70%; spraying at regular time in the daytime to reduce temperature and humidify within 45-75 days, controlling the temperature at 29-35 ℃ and the humidity at more than 50%; spraying 20g/L bactericide and 0.5g/L naphthylacetic acid rooting agent once every 10 days after the cutting, wherein the bactericide is alternately used by chlorothalonil and carbendazim;
5) a step of managing hardening seedlings: after 75 days of cuttage, when the root system of the cutting has a 2-3 grade root system, stopping spraying, watering thoroughly in the morning and at the evening every day instead, and hardening off the seedling stage from 75 days after cuttage to before leaf falling;
6) a step of field planting and management: after the cutting seedlings fall off leaves and before the leaves emerge in spring, the field planting period is set, after the field planting period, the seedlings are immediately watered thoroughly, 0.5g/L of naphthylacetic acid rooting agent is applied for 1-2 times, and in the period, the soil is kept moist; in spring of the next year, 1 time of watering before the leaves sprout; when the 2 nd leaf blade is just unfolded, 1 time of foliar fertilizer and naphthylacetic acid rooting agent are sprayed, and after the 4 th leaf blade is unfolded, 1 time of foliar fertilizer and naphthylacetic acid rooting agent are sprayed; and then transferring to normal seedling stage tending management.
TABLE 1 orthogonal test design factor and design table
3 results and analysis
3.1 extreme error analysis of the Effect of different factors on the rooting status of Magnolia sieboldii
According to the results of the range analysis of the influence of different treatment factors on the rooting condition of the magnolia sieboldii (table 2), 4 factors of the cuttage matrix, the concentration of the rooting agent, the soaking time and the internode length are influenced. The primary and secondary sequence influencing the average rooting rate of the magnolia sieboldii of the rose red is internode length, cuttage substrate, soaking time and rooting agent concentration, and the optimal combination of cuttage is A3B2C2D 3; the primary and secondary sequence influencing the average root number and the average root length is internode length > cuttage matrix > rooting agent concentration > soaking time, the extreme difference of the root number shows that the optimal combination of cuttage is A3B2C1D3, and the extreme difference of the root length shows that the optimal combination of selected cuttage is A3B2C2D 3. The test result shows that internode length is the most main factor influencing the cuttage rooting of the magnolia sieboldii.
TABLE 2 worst analysis of the effect of different treatment factors on the rooting status of Magnolia sieboldii
Note: in the table, the ratio of the substrate A, the concentration of the rooting agent B, the soaking time of the rooting agent C and the number of internodes of the branches D are shown. The same goes for
k1, k2, k3, and R represents the extreme difference of the horizontal gradient index in each factor.
3.2 analysis of variance of the effects of different factors on the rooting status of Magnolia sieboldii
Different matrixes, rooting agent concentrations, soaking times and internode lengths are used for treating the magnolia sieboldii 'rose flower', the rooting rate, the rooting quantity and the rooting length are counted, and the variance analysis is carried out as shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 analysis of variance of the effects of different treatment factors on the rooting status of Magnolia sieboldii
Note: in the table, the ratio of the substrate A, the concentration of the rooting agent B, the soaking time of the rooting agent C and the number of internodes of the branches D are shown.
The lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences at the level of P-0.05.
3.2.1 Effect of different cuttage substrates on the rooting status of Maackia rosea
As can be seen from table 3, the cutting medium is perlite: when the grass peat is 1:1, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length reach the highest, and the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are respectively 51.33 percent, 3.93 percent and 11.47 cm. When the cutting substrate is pure turf, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are the lowest, and are respectively 40.22 percent, 3.34 percent and 7.78 cm. When the cutting medium is pure perlite, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are in the middle, which are 44.67%, 3.38 and 10.68cm respectively, which indicates that the medium is perlite: when the grass carbon is 1:1, the cuttage survival of the rosewood asterias amurensis is more facilitated. The influence of the cuttage substrate on the average root length achieves obvious difference, but the average rooting rate and the rooting quantity have no obvious difference among different treatments.
3.2.2 Effect of different rooting agent concentrations on rooting status of Maackia rhododendri
Table 3 shows that the rooting agent can induce the formation of adventitious roots of the cutting shoot of the magnolia sieboldii' rose, and the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length of the cutting shoot are 47.33 percent, 3.07 percent and 8.05cm respectively when the rooting agent is used for 0.125 g/L. The rooting agent is preferably 0.25g/L, and the average rooting rate, average rooting number and average root length are 47.78%, 4.36 and 12.48cm respectively. The rooting agent is 0.5g/L worst, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are 41.11 percent, 3.24 percent and 9.72cm respectively, which indicates that the high concentration is not beneficial to the rooting of the magnolia sieboldii 'rose flower'. The analysis of the root-taking agent concentration variance shows that: the effect of the concentration of the rooting agent on the average rooting number and the average root length reaches obvious difference, and the obvious difference does not exist on the average rooting rate. The concentrations of the rooting agent of 0.2500g/L and 0.1250g/L, and the concentrations of the rooting agent of 0.2500g/L and 0.5000g/L respectively have significant difference on the average rooting number and the average root length, and the concentrations of the rooting agent of 0.1250g/L and 0.5000g/L respectively have no significant difference on the average rooting number and the average root length.
3.2.3 Effect of different rooting agent soaking time on rooting status of Maackia rhododendri
Table 3 shows that the average rooting rate, average rooting number and average root length of the cuttings are the best when the soaking time is 15min, and the average rooting rate, average rooting number and average root length are respectively 51.78%, 4.14 and 11.07 cm. When the soaking time is 30min, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are respectively 42.22%, 3.19 and 9.14 cm; when the soaking time is 30s, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are 42.22%, 3.42 and 10.35cm respectively; the method proves that the soaking for a certain time is favorable for the rooting of the magnolia sieboldii of the 'rose red' star flowers, and the soaking for a long time is unfavorable for the rooting of the magnolia sieboldii of the 'rose red' star flowers. The soaking time has no obvious difference on the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length.
3.2.4 Effect of different internodes on rooting status of Magnolia Vasella pallidiflora
Table 3 shows that the average rooting rate, average rooting number and average root length are the best when the number of internodes of the cutting is 3 knots, and the average rooting rate, average rooting number and average root length are 76.22 percent, 4.56 and 12.29cm respectively. The average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are the worst, and are respectively 22.67 percent, 1.71 percent and 3.64cm when the internode number is 1 section. The internode number is 2 knots, the average rooting rate, the average rooting number and the average root length are centered, and are 37.33 percent, 2.60 and 7.49cm respectively. The more internodes, the more favorable the rooting of the magnolia sieboldii of the rose flower. The influence of internode number on average rooting rate, average rooting number and average root length is obvious, 3 internodes are most beneficial to rooting of the rosewood asteriscus albus cutting, and the worst internode length is 1 internode.
3.3 screening of the optimal combination of the cuttage propagation technical factors of Magnolia Variosa Kuntze
TABLE 4 analysis of variance of the effects of different treatment combinations on the rooting status of Magnolia sieboldii
Note: in the table, the ratio of the substrate A, the concentration of the rooting agent B, the soaking time of the rooting agent C and the number of internodes of the branches D are shown.
The lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences at the level of P-0.05.
As can be seen from table 4, there are significant differences in the 9 treatment combinations. The analysis result of the mean rooting percentage variance of the cuttings shows that the highest treatment rate of 8 is 81.33%, the next treatment rate of 4 is 79.33%, and the 2 treatment rates are significantly different from the other 7 treatment rates; treatment 3 was 68.00%, which was significantly different from the other 6 treatments; the difference between treatment 2 and treatment 7 is 45.33% and 42.00% respectively, and the difference between the two is not significant and is significantly different from that of the other 4; treatment 9 was 30.67%, with significant differences from the remaining 3; treatment 6 was 24.67%, which is significantly different from treatment 5; treatment 1 was not significantly different from treatment 5, 20.67%, 16.67%, respectively, with treatment 5 being the lowest.
The analysis result of the variance of the average rooting number of the cuttings shows that the maximum number of 8 cuttings is 5.44, the next treatment is 4 and 3, the number of the cuttings is 4.10 and 4.03 respectively, and the cuttings have significant difference with other 6 treatments; the average rooting number of the treatments 9, 6, 1 and 5 is 1.93, 1.83, 1.60 and 1.33 in sequence, 4 treatments have significant difference with the treatments 4 and 3 respectively, other differences are not significant, and the treatment 5 is the lowest.
The results of the mean root length analysis of variance of the cuttings show that the maximum length of treatment 8 is 15.11, and that of treatment 9, treatment 1, treatment 6 and treatment 5 are 4.45cm, 3.67cm, 3.42cm and 1.57cm, respectively; the treatment 8 has significant difference with the last 4 treatments, and the last 4 treatments have no significant difference; treatments 3, 2, 4 and 7 were 14.41cm, 10.65cm, 10.03cm and 6.29cm, respectively, with no significant difference between the 4 treatments; treatment 8 was significantly different from treatment 7, and the others were not significantly different.
Combining the above analysis of variance results, treatment 8 was the best combination A3B2C1D3, with the highest average rooting rate, large average number of roots, and the longest average rooting, 81.33%, 5.44, and 15.11cm, respectively. Therefore, the optimal combination of the cutting propagation technical factors of the magnolia sieboldii 'rose red' in the experiment is that the cutting medium is a mixed medium of perlite and turf (1:1), the concentration of the rooting agent is 0.25g/L, the soaking time is 30s for quick dipping, and the cutting slips are 3 internodes.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A hardwood cutting propagation method for magnolia sieboldii is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) a step of preparing the slotting machine: the substrate adopted for cuttage is a mixture consisting of perlite and turf, the volume ratio of the perlite to the turf in the mixture is 1:1, the mixture is flatly paved in a hole tray, tap water is used for showering and applying chlorothalonil bactericide, and cuttage is carried out after the mixture is laid for one week;
2) a step of preparing cutting shoots: selecting a strong grown adult stock plant, selecting a sunny branch without diseases and insect pests and growing lignification outside the plant, cutting the branch into 3-node 1 spike, cutting the upper and lower openings of the cutting spike 0.4-0.6mm away from the node, and keeping the size of the leaf 1/2;
3) a cutting step: dipping the cutting slips prepared in the step 2) in a naphthylacetic acid rooting solution at a medium speed for 30s, drilling holes on the hole trays prepared in the step 1), and then inserting the cutting slips;
4) a step of post-insertion management: step 3), immediately irrigating once with 20g/L chlorothalonil after cutting of the cutting slips; spraying at fixed time to cool and humidify in the first 45 days, controlling the temperature at 27-33 deg.C and humidity at above 70%; spraying at regular time in the daytime to reduce temperature and humidify within 45-75 days, controlling the temperature at 29-35 ℃ and the humidity at more than 50%; spraying 20g/L bactericide and 0.5g/L naphthylacetic acid rooting agent once every 10 days after the cutting, wherein the bactericide is alternately used by chlorothalonil and carbendazim;
5) a step of managing hardening seedlings: after 75 days of cuttage, when the root system of the cutting has a 2-3 grade root system, stopping spraying, watering thoroughly in the morning and at the evening every day instead, and hardening off the seedling stage from 75 days after cuttage to before leaf falling;
6) a step of field planting and management: after the cutting seedlings fall off leaves and before the leaves emerge in spring, the field planting period is set, after the field planting period, the seedlings are immediately watered thoroughly, 0.5g/L of naphthylacetic acid rooting agent is applied for 1 to 2 times, and the soil is kept moist in the period; in spring of the next year, 1 time of watering before the leaves sprout; when the 2 nd leaf blade is just unfolded, 1 time of foliar fertilizer and naphthylacetic acid rooting agent are sprayed, and after the 4 th leaf blade is unfolded, 1 time of foliar fertilizer and naphthylacetic acid rooting agent are sprayed; and then transferring to normal seedling stage tending management.
2. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the thickness of the cuttage matrix is 6-7 cm.
3. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the time for cutting the plants is 6 ten days.
4. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the stock plant variety is a grafted seedling of the magnolia stellata 'rose red' which is more than 6 years old, strong in growth and free of diseases and insect pests.
5. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the cutting slips are 3 internodes.
6. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the distance between the upper and lower sections of the cutting is 0.5 cm.
7. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the upper two petioles of the cutting shoot are reserved, and the leaves are cut off 1/2.
8. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the steps 1) and 4), the carbendazim is wettable powder with the mass percentage of 50%, and 20g/L of the carbendazim is diluted for use; the formulation of the chlorothalonil is wettable powder with the mass percent of 75%, the chlorothalonil is used after being diluted by 20g/L, and the rooting solution in the step 3) is 0.25g/L of naphthylacetic acid water solution.
9. The hardwood cutting propagation method of magnolia sieboldii as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil planted in the step 6) is required to be loose and breathable, the fertility is moderate, and the pH value is 7-8; the foliar fertilizer in the step 6) is a root-strengthening concentrated suspension state multifunctional fertilizer, and the volume ratio of the fertilizer application is 1: 100.
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