CN104221690A - Fast breeding method for bouquet camellia single-bud cutting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a fast breeding method for bouquet camellia single-bud cutting. The method comprises the following steps of (1) cutting bed preparation: peat and perlite are mixed according to a volume ratio being 2:1, the mixture is flatly paved in a seedling bed, the thickness is 10 to 12cm, and sufficient water is poured one day before; (2) cutting slip preparation: disease-free annual branches are cut, the branches are cut into cutting slips with one leaf and one bud, the length of the cutting slip branches is 0.2 to 0.5cm, and the inclined surface of a base part cut opening of the cutting slips forms an angle being 45 to 60 degrees with the branches; (3) cutting: the cutting slips are inserted onto the cutting bed, rooting agents and sterilizing agents are poured, and then, a thin film is mulched; and (4) seedling exercising: after the cutting for two months, the cutting slips have developed root systems, the sealing thin film can be gradually opened for seedling exercising, the thin film can be completely removed after new leaves grow out and normally grow, and the seedling culture is completed.

Description

A kind of quick-breeding method of Shu Huacha flower single-bud cuttage

Technical field:

The invention belongs to field of plant reproduction, relate to the quick-breeding method of a kind of Shu Huacha flower single-bud cuttage specifically.

Technical background:

Camellia is China's tradition ten large famous flowers, and the market demand is very large.Part bundle flower pattern camellia kind poor growth, the deficiencies such as current-year branch internode is short and soft, and long not as good as the sturdy internode of common camellia, Sterile culture method exists cuttings deficiency, and reproduction coefficient is low, and branch is soft.In addition, part camellia kind internode is short, and year increment is little, adopts conventional single node cutting propagation method reproduction coefficient low; Saline-alkali soil type communities soil property is unsuitable for cutting propagation camellia, the yellow soil that cuttage camellia is conventional not easily obtains, other places allocation and transportation high cost, the pure perlite of many employings is as cutting medium, and with pure perlite do matrix exist take root after poor growth, need basin after taking root, workload is large and easily cause seedling dead in upper basin process, reduces planting percent.The method of tradition cuttage hestening rooting adopts single cuttings to dip in taking root liquid, or tens of cuttings are bundled into bundle dip in taking root liquid again, and workload is very large, and the cuttings of single-bud cuttage is too short and small, and inconvenience is bundled dips in taking root liquid.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the present invention is to provide the quick-breeding method of a kind of Shu Huacha flower single-bud cuttage, the method comprises the steps:

1. slotting machine prepare: peat and perlite are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:1, are laid in seedbed, thickness 10-12 centimetre, carry water the previous day permeable;

2. prepare cuttings: the disease-free current-year branch of clip, branch is cut into the cuttings of band one leaf one bud, the long 0.2-0.5 centimetre of cuttings branch, cuttings base portion clip inclined-plane and branch are 45-60 ° of angle;

3. cuttage: cuttings inserted on slotting machine, waters and executes root-growing agent and bactericide, then cover film;

4. hardening: cuttage is after 2 months, and cuttings has possessed flourishing root system, progressively can open sealing film and carry out hardening, and young leaves grows and can remove film completely after normal growth, and nursery completes.

Can spray wide-spectrum bactericide to branch before preparing cuttings, wide-spectrum bactericide is 800 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wetting powder or 800 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder; Can clip branch about a week after spraying;

Step 3. in skewer fringe is inserted on slotting machine, can (also can depending on cuttings blade face size by 3X3 centimetre of seeding row spacing by cuttings, degree of being covered as is not blocked mutually with blade) insert on slotting machine, brachyplast is inserted in matrix together with petiole, with cuttings non-lodging for degree;

Step 3. in root-growing agent be state's photoproduction root (formulation: 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate pulvis dilutes 8000 times); Bactericide is state's light carbendazim (formulation: 50% wetting powder dilutes 800 times);

The quick-breeding method of a kind of Shu Huacha flower single-bud cuttage of the present invention, not easily obtain for saline-alkali soil area yellow soil, the defect that the short and small reproduction coefficient of camellia kind internode that internode is short and small is low, cutting medium, cuttings specification, cuttings process and short root treatment technology there is innovation, comparatively conventional method management is simple, there is reproduction coefficient high, improve reproduction coefficient 3-5 doubly, cutting density is large, survival rate is more than 90%, the feature of once-seedling forming, in the area of the vast suitable camellia cultivation of China, especially saline-alkali soil type communities has very large promotional value.

Specifically, innovative point of the present invention is:

1, the present invention's peat and the cuttage of perlite mixing Light media, replacement yellow soil or pure perlite make cutting medium, compensate for saline-alkali soil area and lack yellow soil, the high cost of allocation and transportation yellow soil, compensate for the too much nursery work caused as matrix with pure perlite, and the therefore survival rate decline caused;

2, cuttings is as short as 0.2-0.5 centimetre, especially meet the feature of the short and small camellia kind of part internode, and Patents cuttings is at least more than 1 centimetre, does not meet the actual conditions of the short and small camellia kind of internode, cannot implement single-bud cuttage, reduces reproduction coefficient;

3, overcome the shortcoming of the too short bad operation of cuttings, directly petiole and brachyplast position are inserted in matrix, take root soon and not easily lodge;

4, the complete rear unification of cuttage is watered and is executed root-growing agent, saves the time that a large amount of cuttings dips in taking root liquid.

Embodiment:

Embodiment one

Sample plot addressing is Shanghai Botanical Garden, Xuhui District of Shanghai, and Shanghai is typical saline-alkali soil type city;

Slotting machine prepares: the smooth location selecting the higher not easily ponding of physical features, wide 1.2 meters with fragment of brick besieged city, long ten meters, the seedbed of high 20 centimetres, perlite after lower berth one deck 5 centimetres makes permeable layer, the peat and the perlite volume ratio that repave one deck 10 cm thick are the mixed-matrix of 2:1, carry water the previous day permeable for subsequent use; Position beyond slotting machine surrounding 0.5 meter is built one and is used 70% Shading net covering, the cool canopy of high two meters, and it is long to get out 2.2-2.3 rice, and the agricultural film of the bamboo cane of 2 centimetres wide and 2 meters wide is for subsequent use;

The selection of elite stand and process: bundle flower camellia kind is ' pretty woman ' of Shanghai Botanical Garden, and this kind ornamental value is high, but internode is short, poor growth, and cutting propagation coefficient is low, not easily obtains a large amount of cuttings.Select the above healthy and strong disease-free elite stand of life in 5 years, before adopting fringe, spray state's light carbendazim 800 times of 50% wetting powder for twice), the time interval is a week;

Prepare cuttings and cuttage: June, select the peripheral disease-free annual shoot row culture cuttings of plant, notice that cuttings is shaded moisturizing; With sharp clean secateurs, cuttings is cut into the cuttings of band a slice leaf and one section of 0.2-0.5 centimetre of brachyplast, ensure that clip is level and smooth without damaged, cuttings base portion clip inclined-plane and branch are 45-60 °, and the petal extractd in cuttings avoids nutrient consumption, and cuttings process overall process notes moisturizing of shading.Cuttings is inserted on slotting machine by 3X3 centimetre of seeding row spacing, brachyplast is inserted in matrix together with petiole, with cuttings non-lodging for degree, water immediately and execute root-growing agent (medicine name: state's photoproduction root, formulation: 20% methyl α-naphthyl acetate pulvis, dilute 8000 times) every square metre water and execute dilution 3 liters, every square metre is watered bactericide (state's light carbendazim, formulation: 50% wetting powder, dilute 800 times) 2 liters, insert and namely plugged bamboo cane and make Small plastic shed skeleton, cover diaphragm seal moisturizing, cool canopy top and surrounding 70% sunshade net cover tightly, make regular check on once a week and cuttings is sprayed, to squirt blade face, water is not dirty is degree,

Hardening: August, sampling check cuttage rooting situation, takes root and well can progressively open sealing film hardening, and wait young leaves to grow and can remove film completely after normal growth, retain sunshade net, nursery completes, and can carry out follow-up normal maintenance management.

Result: survival rate of seedling is more than 90%, and plant root is flourishing.The more conventional single node cutting of this method can improve cuttings reproduction coefficient 3-5 doubly, and the more reproduction coefficient of cuttings blade are higher, can realize leaf one cuttings.

Claims (1)

1. restraint a quick-breeding method for jasmine tea flower single-bud cuttage, it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps:

1. slotting machine prepare: peat and perlite are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:1, are laid in seedbed, thickness 10-12 centimetre, carry water the previous day permeable;

2. prepare cuttings: the disease-free current-year branch of clip, branch is cut into the cuttings of band one leaf one bud, the long 0.2-0.5 centimetre of cuttings branch, cuttings base portion clip inclined-plane and branch are 45-60 ° of angle;

3. cuttage: cuttings inserted on slotting machine, waters and executes root-growing agent and bactericide, then cover film;

4. hardening: cuttage is after 2 months, and cuttings has possessed flourishing root system, progressively can open sealing film and carry out hardening, and young leaves grows and can remove film completely after normal growth, and nursery completes.