CN107548848A - Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy is kept a full stand of seedings method - Google Patents
Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy is kept a full stand of seedings method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention disclose a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy and kept a full stand of seedings the selected purification of nursery lot before method, including sowing, is sterilized before soil nursery, the sprout transplanting in time in early spring, the seedling field sterilizing overlay film after transplanting, and the tubule in seedling stage promote to strengthen.The present invention is slow for the sprout early growth run into current Emmenopterys henryi nursery production, susceptible gene is high, the low technical barrier of weeds propagation and widespread, seedling storage rate, it is proposed a kind of complete anti-, spermaduct, wrong season, put forward effect seedling-raising technique method, infecting for all kinds of pathogens of nursery lot can be efficiently controlled, prevent young shoot brown stain, susceptible, reduce moisture loss, the weeds propagation and widespread of soil surface, improve the environment of nursery seedling development, reduce the susceptible gene of seedling, the storage rate of seedling is improved, the output lifting and efficiency for being advantageous to Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding improve.
Description
Technical field
Keep a full stand of seedings method the present invention relates to a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy, it is numerous to belong to achievements in forest-tree seedling
Educate technical field.
Background technology
Emmenopterys henryi (Emmenopterys henryi) genus rubia section (Rubiaceae) plant, it is that quaternary glacier survival is lonely
One of plant is lost, is the systematic growth of research Rubiaceae, morphology evolution and Chinese Plants geographic region for the peculiar single platymiscium of China
The important materials of system, for national II grade of national key protected plant and the national rare tree of former Ministry of Forestry announcement.This kind of main distribution
In China's north subtropical and middle subtropical zone broad-leaved deciduous forest or evergreen, Deciduous Broad Leaved Mixed Forest, deposited frequently as associated species
.Emmenopterys henryi trunk is towering, and white flower is met the summer, and haw send the autumn, and large flower and brilliant color is extremely rare, suitably does Garden virescence, park point
Sew, scape and shade tree are made in garden.In addition, this kind of grain of wood is logical straight, structure is careful, and pigment figure is attractive in appearance, and material is gently tough, and proportion is fitted
In, being that building, furniture, cabinetmaking, engraving and large-scale sculpture etc. are excellent uses material.Therefore, in recent years by many woods scholars'
Especially pay close attention to.
Although distribution of the Emmenopterys henryi resource in China is relatively wide, extremely limited in the distributed quantity of nature.This
On the one hand it is because Emmenopterys henryi is distributed in the higher high mountain of height above sea level, river valley mostly, is mostly fragmentary scattered, is disliked by other trees
It is bad competition and increasingly atrophy；Secondly as tourism development and artificial disturbance, natural introduces a collection is hindered and damaged by certain；Again,
Emmenopterys henryi itself updating ability is weaker, and elite stand is solid will to be often spaced 3~4 years.In addition, this kind of seedling-raising technique requires very high,
Seeding previous vigor is very slow, and field seedling raising cotyledon period was up to 3 months (considerably longer than most of common wealthy wood).It is if at this moment lucky
Phase meets the bai-u rainy period of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, and frequently plum rains are that various pathogens create suitable growth environment, plus pernicious miscellaneous
The fierce invasion of grass, tender sprout are often caught an illness withered in flakes, cause that seedling storage rate is low, and seedling quality is not high.Therefore,
Nursery stage disease is often the restriction factor of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding most critical, and seriously governs the nursery production of Emmenopterys henryi
Output and breeding efficiency.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The technical problems to be solved by the invention are in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of Emmenopterys henryi
Seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy is kept a full stand of seedings method, adapts to the production run into current forest development needs and Emmenopterys henryi production
Go out and quality technology problem.By the application of the technical method, the morning encountered in Emmenopterys henryi nursery production can be effectively prevented and kill off
Phase production is slow, and susceptible gene is high, and weeds are serious, the not high technical bottleneck of survival rate of seedlings, accomplish in limited nursery soil, limited seed number
On the premise of amount, the susceptible gene of seedling is reduced to greatest extent, the cultivation quantity of qualified seedling is improved, meets the market demand.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy
Keep a full stand of seedings method, comprise the following steps：
(1) the selected purification in nursery：Nursery lot is made in the foot of the hill hillside fields that selection draining is good, quality is loose, not worked, soil
It is loam loamy texture；11 the middle ten days and the last ten days (early winter) of nursery the previous year, nursery lot is ploughed deeply, flattened, makees high bed, and removes harm
Hinder foreign matter such as stone, grass roots, worm pupa etc. of nursery；With reference to site preparation soil sanitation, top dressing are carried out with soil sanitation agent；
(2) soil disinfection：In 11~December then, nursery soil is sterilized in advance with bactericide, after the completion of use plastics
Film covers 1 week, eliminates and the pathogen of seedling development is endangered in soil, and next year by the end of February before consolidate and sterilize 1 time, it is complete
Overlay film 1 week afterwards；
(3) early spring sprout is transplanted：In the time in early spring, the healthy and strong sprout for selecting cultivation moves into seedbed, and controls complete in early March
Into to ensure that seedling grows true leaf before plum rains arriving, resistance improves；
(4) seedling field sterilizing overlay film：After the completion of sprout transplanting, seedling field and seedling are sprayed with mixing bactericidal agent immediately, then
Earth's surface is covered with the rice husk or crushing maize stalk of fresh sterilizing, and sets up movable cool canopy, laminated sun-shading；Hereafter, used every 7d
Compound sulfur bacterium Lingshui Spring solution and the sterilizing of polyoxin aqueous solution alternating spray；
(5) seedling stage tubule is cultivated to promote to strengthen：By opening, ventilation, ventilation method adjust canopy in weather, keep canopy in temperature
25~32 DEG C of degree change, light transmittance 60%~75%, humidity is below 75% and periodically rejects the weeds of germinating；Every 15d, carry out
Foliage spray, to promote the healthy and strong growth of seedling.
In step (1), the depth of ploughing deeply in the nursery is 35~40cm, and the specification of high bed is the wide 1~1.2m of bed surface, pavement
Wide 20~25cm, bed surface are higher than 20~30cm of pavement；The soil sanitation agent is medicine, fertile dual-purpose dose-lime nitrogen, and application process is
Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields, every mu of sowing amount is 30~40kg.
In step (2), the bactericide is ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) aqueous solution and formlinata aquae concentratac, both
Alternately sterilize；The concentration of ferrous sulfate aqueous solution is 30~35wt%, every mu of 1000~1500kg of dosage, the form of administration
To pour；The concentration of formlinata aquae concentratac is 0.5~0.8wt%, and every mu of 30~50kg of dosage, the form of administration is spraying.
In step (2), it is pentachloronitrobenzene (nitro pentachlorobenzene) aqueous solution and methyl sulfur bacterium to consolidate sterilizing reagent used
Clever (Thiophanate-Methyl) aqueous solution, both are used alternatingly 1 time；The concentration that pentachloronitrobenzene uses
It is 75~80wt%, every mu of 1.3~2.5kg of dosage, puddles fine earth and dissipate in soil；The concentration that thiophanate-methyl uses is 50~
70wt%, sprayed using 600~800 volume times liquid, it is desirable to all-out atomizing, do not stay dead angle.
In step (3), the sprout be laboratory in through physics vernalization, heat the sprout of growing directly from seeds turned out, it is desirable to sprout
With 2 cotyledons, terminal bud is full, no brown stain, no incompleteness, more than bud age 25d；Sprout transplanting seeding row spacing is 15cm × 25cm.
In step (4), described mixing bactericidal agent is prepared to obtain as follows：By 40~50g 20wt% metalaxyls
(D, L-N- (2,6- 3,5-dimethylphenyls)-N- (2- methoxyl groups acetyl) methyl lactamine) wettable powder and 50~60mL's
72.2wt% Propamocarbs (N- [3- (dimethylaminopropyl) amino] propyl formate) aqua mixes, and is then watered 40~50kg,
Stir and produce, require even spraying, comprehensively killing during administration.
In step (4), the method for the rice husk or crushing maize stalk sterilizing for indoor high-pressure sterilizing pot thoroughly sterilizing 2~
3h, thoroughly to kill pathogen.
In step (4), the compound sulfur bacterium Lingshui Spring solution is to be added with 20~30g of 50wt% compound thiophanate wettable powders
Water 10kg stirrings form；The polyoxin aqueous solution be with 10~15g of 10wt% Wettable polyoxin powders add water 5~
10kg stirrings form；Using when require even spraying, comprehensively killing.
In step (5), the fertilizer that the foliage spray uses is urea (CO (NH2)2) aqueous solution and potassium dihydrogen phosphate
(KH2PO4) aqueous solution, both alternately apply；The concentration that urea is applied is 1~1.5wt%, and the concentration that potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied is
0.5~1wt%, the form of administration are to spray, every mu of 15~20kg of dosage, and avoid raining working.
Beneficial effect：
The application is applied by the culture in advance of sprout, the mixed and alternate of different bactericidal agents, bed surface soil and sprout it is complete
Width prevents, and with reference to organic supplement of the technologies such as laminated sun-shading, foliage dressing, not only can effectively control infection process and weeds to grow
It is raw, it is ensured that seedling safety, and the current increment of 1 year raw seedling can be improved, accomplish in limited nursery soil, limited kind
On the premise of quantum count, the susceptible gene of seedling is reduced to greatest extent, the cultivation quantity of qualified seedling is improved, meets the market demand.
Embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.Content described by embodiment is merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright, without should be also without limitation on the present invention described in detail in claims.
Embodiment 1
In October, 2015~2016 year December, the sowing for having carried out Emmenopterys henryi in Jiangsu Provincial Forest Science Research Inst. garden are educated
Seedling is tested, and introduces a collection comes from Lushan Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province.
(1) the selected purification in nursery：Nursery is tested in the foot of the hill hillside fields that garden selection draining is good, quality is loose, lets a piece of farmland go to waste,
The soil texture is loam.Carry out removing weeds in advance, it is soil deep tillage (depth 35cm), smooth, and make high bed, specification is bed surface
Wide 1.2m, the wide 25cm of pavement, bed surface are higher than pavement 30cm；Lime nitrogen is imposed with reference to site preparation and makees base manure, and every mu of dosage is 30kg.
(2) soil disinfection：Nian Qianyong ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) it is used alternatingly with formlinata aquae concentratac, to soil
Sterilized in advance once.Wherein, the concentration of ferrous sulfate aqueous solution is 30wt%, every mu of dosage 1000kg, the form of administration
To pour；The concentration of formlinata aquae concentratac is 0.5wt%, and every mu of dosage 30kg, the form of administration is spraying.Sterilize in advance
Cheng Houyong covered rearing with plastic film 1 week.Consolidate sterilizing 1 time within 26 days 2 months after year, agents useful for same is the pentachloronitrobenzene aqueous solution【Nitro
Pentachlorobenzene】With the thiophanate-methyl aqueous solution【1,2- bis- (3- methoxycarbonyl group -2- ghiourea groups) benzene】, both are used alternatingly.Pentachloro- nitre
The mass percentage concentration that base benzene uses is 75%, every mu of dosage 2kg, puddles fine earth and dissipates in soil；What thiophanate-methyl used
Mass percentage concentration is 50%, is sprayed using 600 times of liquid, complete rear overlay film 1 week.
(3) sprout is transplanted：At the beginning of 3 months, the sprout for selecting stalwartness moves into seedbed, and seeding row spacing is 15cm × 25cm.Sprout is thing
In first laboratory through irradiation vernalization, heat the sprout of growing directly from seeds turned out, and select with 2 cotyledons, terminal bud is full, no brown stain,
Without incompleteness, more than bud age 25d good seedling.
(4) seedling field sterilizes：After the completion of sprout transplanting, seedling field and seedling are sprayed 1 time with mixing bactericidal agent immediately, it is rear with new
The rice husk or crushing maize stalk of fresh sterilizing cover earth's surface comprehensively, and (rice husk or crushing maize stalk are gone out with indoor high-pressure sterilizing pot
Bacterium 2h), and set up movable cool canopy, laminated sun-shading.Mixing bactericidal agent is prepared to obtain as follows：By 40g 20wt% first frost
Spirit【D, L-N- (2,6- 3,5-dimethylphenyls)-N- (2- methoxyl groups acetyl) methyl lactamine】Wettable powder and 50ml's
72.2wt% Propamocarbs【N- [3- (dimethylaminopropyl) amino] propyl formate】Aqua mixes, and is then watered 50kg, stirs
Form.Using when require even spraying.Then, alternately sterilized with compound sulfur bacterium Lingshui Spring solution and the polyoxin aqueous solution every 7d
1 time.Compound sulfur bacterium Lingshui Spring solution 50wt% compound thiophanate wettable powders 20g adds water 10kg stirrings to form；Polyoxin
Aqueous solution 10wt% Wettable polyoxin powders 10g adds water 10kg stirrings to form.Using when even spraying, comprehensively killing.
(5) seedling stage is managed and protected：Miniclimate in canopy is adjusted by the method for opening, ventilation, ventilation, keeps temperature of shed change 25
~32 DEG C, light transmittance 60%~75%, humidity is below 75%；Periodically reject the weeds of germinating；Every 15d, with concentration 1.0wt%
Urea【CO(NH2)2】It is 0.5wt% potassium dihydrogen phosphates (KH with concentration2PO4) alternately foliage spray 1 time, the form of administration
It is to spray, every mu of dosage 15kg.
Nursery effect：Seedling field weed grows quantity and significantly reduced, and transplanting sprout almost all survives, and starts after transplanting 40d
True leaf is grown successively, and susceptible gene checks that statistics gives birth to seedling mean height 29.8cm then, fifty-fifty passes through November less than 15%
0.89cm, mean elements 14.
Embodiment 2：
In October, 2015~2016 year December, the sowing of Emmenopterys henryi is synchronously carried out in Prevalence In Qixia District, Nanjing City Xiao Zhuan Hang Zhi gardens
Seedling growth test, introduces a collection are the same.Seedbed preparation and soil disinfection are handled according to step (1)~(2) in the present embodiment 1, seed
Seedbed is directly seeded in after vernalization.Thoroughly sterilizing, epiphragma, screening is carried out to seedling field according to step (4) and step (5) after the completion of sowing
Sun, management.It is observed that after planting 28d starts to germinate successively seed, 40d is up to 65d for budding peak period, but seedling cotyledon phase.
June 18, Nanjing enter bai-u rainy period, a run of wet weather, and still in cotyledon period, seedling field part seedling wet rot disease occurs and stood seedling
Rot, rate of catching an illness is close to 35%.Check that statistics gives birth to seedling mean height 21.6cm then December, fifty-fifty through 0.65cm, average root
Number 11, Seedling survival rate is not high.
Embodiment 3：
The seeding and seedling raising experiment for having carried out Emmenopterys henryi in Jiangsu Provincial Forest Science Research Inst. Ma Pishan in 2016, introduces a collection are same
Before.Seedbed plough deeply according to step (1)~(2) in the present embodiment 1 improve the soil and soil disinfection processing, after presprouting of seeds
Directly it is seeded in seedbed, and epiphragma sunshade.Some seeds germination is begun with after the completion of sowing, after 32d, 45d is budding peak period,
But the seedling cotyledon phase is up to 70d.After germination, every 7d 50wt% carbendazim (carbendazol) wettable powder
It is made into 800 times of water-soluble liquid disinfectants 1 time.Mid-June, Nanjing enter bai-u rainy period, and a run of wet weather, seedling is still in cotyledon period, Miao Tian
There is quite a few seedling wet rot disease and damping-off occur, rate of catching an illness is close to 65%.Check that statistics is given birth to seedling and put down then December
High is only 16.7cm, fifty-fifty through 0.62cm, mean elements 11.
The thinking and method for a kind of method of keeping a full stand of seedings the invention provides Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy,
It is many to implement method and the approach of the technical scheme, described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that
For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some change can also be made
Enter and retouch, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.Each part being not known in the present embodiment
Available prior art is realized.
Claims (9)
- A kind of method 1. Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy is kept a full stand of seedings, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) the selected purification in nursery：Make nursery lot, soil matter in the foot of the hill hillside fields that selection draining is good, quality is loose, not worked Ground is loam；11 the middle ten days and the last ten days of nursery the previous year, nursery lot is ploughed deeply, flattened, makees high bed, and removed and hinder the different of nursery Thing；With reference to site preparation soil sanitation, top dressing are carried out with soil sanitation agent；(2) soil disinfection：In 11~December then, nursery soil is sterilized with bactericide, after the completion of use covered rearing with plastic film 1 In week, eliminate and the pathogen of seedling development endangered in soil, and next year by the end of February before consolidate sterilizing 1 time, it is complete after overlay film 1 week；(3) early spring sprout is transplanted：In the time in early spring, the healthy and strong sprout for selecting cultivation moves into seedbed, and controls and completed in early March；(4) seedling field sterilizing overlay film：After the completion of sprout transplanting, seedling field and seedling are sprayed with mixing bactericidal agent immediately, then with new Rice husk or crushing maize stalk the covering earth's surface of fresh sterilizing, and set up movable cool canopy, laminated sun-shading；Hereafter, every 7d compounds The thiophanate aqueous solution and the sterilizing of polyoxin aqueous solution alternating spray；(5) seedling stage tubule is cultivated to promote to strengthen：By opening, ventilation, ventilation method adjust canopy in weather, keep temperature of shed become Change 25~32 DEG C, light transmittance 60%~75%, humidity is below 75% and periodically rejects the weeds of germinating；Every 15d, blade face is carried out Top dressing.
- The method 2. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (1), the depth of ploughing deeply in the nursery is 35~40cm, and the specification of high bed is the wide 1~1.2m of bed surface, and pavement is wide 20~25cm, bed surface are higher than 20~30cm of pavement；The soil sanitation agent is lime nitrogen, and application process is uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields, every mu Sowing amount is 30~40kg.
- The method 3. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (2), the bactericide is ferrous sulfate aqueous solution and formlinata aquae concentratac, and both alternately sterilize；Sulphur The concentration of the ferrous aqueous solution of acid is 30~35wt%, and every mu of 1000~1500kg of dosage, the form of administration is pouring；Formalin The concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.5~0.8wt%, and every mu of 30~50kg of dosage, the form of administration is spraying.
- The method 4. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (2), it is the pentachloronitrobenzene aqueous solution and the thiophanate-methyl aqueous solution to consolidate sterilizing reagent used, Liang Zhejiao For use 1 time；The concentration that pentachloronitrobenzene uses is 75~80wt%, every mu of 1.3~2.5kg of dosage, puddles fine earth and dissipates in soil In earth；The concentration that thiophanate-methyl uses is 50~70wt%, is sprayed using 600~800 volume times liquid, does not stay dead angle.
- The method 5. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature Be, in step (3), the sprout be in laboratory through physics vernalization, heat the sprout of growing directly from seeds turned out, sprout has 2 Cotyledon, terminal bud is full, no brown stain, no incompleteness, more than bud age 25d；Sprout transplanting seeding row spacing is 15cm × 25cm.
- The method 6. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (4), described mixing bactericidal agent is prepared to obtain as follows：40~50g 20wt% metalaxyls is wettable Property pulvis mixes with 50~60mL 72.2wt% Propamocarb aquas, is then watered 40~50kg, stirs and produce.
- The method 7. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (4), the method for rice husk or the crushing maize stalk sterilizing is using 2~3h of indoor pressure cooker sterilizing.
- The method 8. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (4), the compound sulfur bacterium Lingshui Spring solution is to add water with 20~30g of 50wt% compound thiophanate wettable powders 10kg stirrings form；The polyoxin aqueous solution is to add 5~10kg of water with 10~15g of 10wt% Wettable polyoxin powders Stirring forms.
- The method 9. a kind of Emmenopterys henryi seedling breeding seedling stage bacteriostatic and disease prevention synergy according to claim 1 is kept a full stand of seedings, its feature It is, in step (5), for aqueous solution of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, both replace the fertilizer that the foliage spray uses Using；The concentration that urea is applied is 1~1.5wt%, and the concentration that potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied is 0.5~1wt%, and the form of administration is equal To spray, every mu of 15~20kg of dosage, and avoid raining working.
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| CN108718888A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-02 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of Emmenopterys henryi sprout cultural method |
| CN109699385A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-03 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of red fruit elm cultivation container seedlings |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108718888A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-02 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of Emmenopterys henryi sprout cultural method |
| CN109699385A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-03 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method of red fruit elm cultivation container seedlings |
| CN109699385B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating big seedlings by using containers of ulmus davidiana var |
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