CN112191266A - 一种降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005216 hydrothermal crystallization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JBGWMRAMUROVND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-sulfanylidenethiophene Chemical class S=S1C=CC=C1 JBGWMRAMUROVND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002159 adsorption--desorption isotherm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003375 selectivity assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/16—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J29/166—Y-type faujasite
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
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Abstract
本发明属于催化裂化助剂制备技术领域,公开一种降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,包括:(1)将催化剂滤渣、高岭土、助剂加水混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,焙烧得焙烧微球;(2)将焙烧微球、碱液、硅酸钠、导向剂、水混合水热晶化,过滤干燥得到分子筛复合材料;(3)将分子筛复合材料进行酸交换和铵盐交换,过滤后交换产物焙烧,得HY分子筛;(4)将HY分子筛经过稀土、钒元素的交换改性,干燥焙烧,得REV改性分子筛;(5)将REV改性分子筛浸渍金属溶液中,干燥焙烧得降硫催化裂化助剂。本发明制备的降硫助剂用于催化裂化过程,能够有效地降低硫含量,为催化剂生产过程中产生滤渣的循环利用创造了有利条件,滤渣的利用可降低环境污染和生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化裂化助剂制备技术领域,涉及一种降硫催化裂化助剂的制备 方法。
背景技术
随着经济的持续发展和人们生活水平的不断提高,汽车在人们日常生活中的 作用将越来越重要,汽车保有量的不断增加和提高环境质量的矛盾也将日渐突出。 汽油中的硫不仅直接影响SOx的排放,对环境造成污染,导致酸雨的形成,而 且对汽车催化器的低温活性造成有害影响,从而影响易挥发有机化合物、CO、 NOx、PM(颗粒物)和总毒物的排放。在我国约80%的汽油来自催化裂化过 程,汽油中85%~95%的硫来自催化汽油,因此,FCC过程降低汽油硫含量, 对提高汽油整体质量水平,减少汽车尾气的污染有着非常重要的意义。
目前主要有3种技术用于减少催化裂化汽油的硫含量:(1)对原料进行加氢 预处理;(2)在催化裂化过程中加入降硫助剂;(3)对催化裂化汽油进行加氢精制。 国外的催化剂公司在90年代初就开始了这方面的研究。已有的研究结果表明, 通过在催化裂化过程巾添加少量的降硫助剂.既不影响裂化产品的分布,又能够 比较有效地降低催化裂化汽油的硫含量。
目前虽然已有能够降低催化裂化汽油中硫含量的降硫助剂,能够实现催化裂 化汽油中硫含量降低,但是采用现有的降硫助剂同时也会降低汽油的收率,有的 甚至还会给催化裂化催化剂带来中毒的影响,使催化裂化过程生产汽油的效益下 降。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服上述缺陷,提供一种降硫效果好、有较强塔 底油裂解能力的降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:
一种降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将催化剂滤渣、高岭土、助剂加水混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,微球 颗粒在0~150μm,微球在600~900℃下焙烧0.5~5h,得焙烧微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的焙烧微球、碱液、硅酸钠、导向剂、水后投入晶化 反应釜中,在95~120℃下水热晶化8~36h,过滤除去母液后,滤料水洗,过滤, 干燥得到分子筛复合材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的分子筛复合材料进行2-5次酸交换和铵盐交换,室 温下交换10~120min,过滤、水洗、过滤后,交换产物在550~650℃下水汽焙烧0.5~3小时,得HY分子筛;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的HY分子筛经过稀土、钒元素的交换改性,过滤除 去母液后,水洗过滤,干燥,在550~650℃下焙烧0.5~3小时,制得REV改性分 子筛;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的REV改性分子筛浸渍金属溶液中,室温静置12~24h, 干燥,在350~550℃下焙烧0.5~1小时,制得降硫催化裂化助剂。
优选的,步骤(1)所述碱性溶液为氢氧化钠、硅酸钠、偏铝酸钠、氢氧化 钾、碳酸钠等中的一种或几种。
优选的,步骤(1)所述催化剂滤渣加入量为步骤(1)固体总重10~30%。
优选的,步骤(1)所述高岭土加入量为步骤(1)固体总重60~80%。
优选的,步骤(1)所述助剂加入量为步骤(1)固体总重1~10%。
优选的,步骤(1)所述助剂包括氧化钛、四氯化钛、硫酸钛、钛酸四丁酯、 硅酸钠、氢氧化钠、磷酸盐、碳酸盐、高分子聚合物、玉米粉等中的两种或多种。
优选的,步骤(5)所述金属溶液为锌、钴、锰、镁溶液中的一种或多种。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明制备的降硫助剂用于催化裂化过程,能够有效地降低硫含量, 为催化剂生产过程中产生滤渣的循环利用创造了有利条件,滤渣的利用可降低环 境污染和生产成本。
(2)本发明助剂制备中,在喷雾过程中引入助剂组分,通过转晶和合成过 程的转变,可使催化裂化汽油的硫含量明显降低;在后处理过程中,通过稀土、 钒、锌等元素对分子筛的改性,可促使噻吩类硫化物的裂化,从而促进硫化合物 的催化转化,降低汽油中的硫含量;原位技术的合成中可有效调节助剂的孔道, 丰富了助剂内部的中大孔结构,特别是大孔比列,阻止了孔道的堆积,增强降硫 功效。
(3)本发明的制备方法简单,成本低廉,具有更好的社会效益和经济效益。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明专利的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明专利, 并非用于限定本发明专利的范围。
实施例1
(1)将99g催化剂滤渣、792g高岭土、45g四氯化钛、44g硅酸钠加水 3000mL混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,微球颗粒在0~150μm,微球在600℃下焙 烧5h,得焙烧微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的300g焙烧微球、100mL碱液、270mL硅酸钠、82mL 导向剂、75mL水后投入晶化反应釜中,在95℃下水热晶化36h,过滤除去母液 后,滤料水洗,过滤,干燥得到分子筛复合材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的分子筛复合材料200g、氯化铵100g、水600mL, 加入5%的盐酸,调配体系pH=3.0,室温下交换10min,过滤、水洗、过滤后, 交换产物在550℃下水汽焙烧3小时,得HY分子筛;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的150g HY分子筛、LaCl3溶液40ml、偏钒酸铵4g, 室温交换30min,过滤除去母液后,水洗过滤,干燥,在550℃下焙烧3小时, 制得REV改性分子筛;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的130g REV改性分子筛,浸渍40mL氯化钴溶液中, 室温静置12h,干燥,在350℃下焙烧1小时,制得降硫催化裂化助剂。
经检测,所制备的降硫催化裂化助剂的比表面417m2/g,孔体积0.38mL/g。
实施例2
(1)将166g催化剂滤渣、594g高岭土、45g硫酸钛、24g钛酸四丁酯、20g 玉米粉加水4000mL混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,微球颗粒在0~150μm,微球在 700℃下焙烧3h,得焙烧微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的200g焙烧微球、40mL碱液、350mL硅酸钠、60mL 导向剂、50mL水后投入晶化反应釜中,在110℃下水热晶化12h,过滤除去母液 后,滤料水洗,过滤,干燥得到分子筛复合材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的分子筛复合材料150g、氯化铵60g、水450mL, 加入5%的盐酸,调配体系pH=3.1,室温下交换40min,过滤、水洗、过滤后, 交换产物在600℃下水汽焙烧1.5小时,得HY分子筛;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的120g HY分子筛、LaCl3溶液27ml、偏钒酸铵5g, 室温交换30min,过滤除去母液后,水洗过滤,干燥,在600℃下焙烧1.5小时, 制得REV改性分子筛;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的130g REV改性分子筛,浸渍30mL氯化锰溶液中, 室温静置16h,干燥,在400℃下焙烧0.8小时,制得降硫催化裂化助剂。
经检测,所制备的降硫催化裂化助剂的比表面439m2/g,孔体积0.37mL/g。
实施例3
(1)将催化剂300g滤渣、660g高岭土、30g氧化钛、10g氢氧化钠、离子 水4000mL混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,微球颗粒在0~150μm,微球在800℃下 焙烧2h,得焙烧微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的300g焙烧微球、400mL碱液、193mL硅酸钠、60mL 导向剂、130mL水后投入晶化反应釜中,在98℃下水热晶化22h,过滤除去母 液后,滤料水洗,过滤,干燥得到分子筛复合材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的分子筛复合材料200g、氯化铵60g、水600mL, 加入5%的盐酸,调配体系pH=3.3,室温下交换15min,过滤、水洗、过滤后, 再重复以上交换2次,交换产物在580℃下焙烧2h,得到HY分子筛;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的150g HY分子筛、LaCl3溶液30ml、偏钒酸铵7g, 室温交换30min,过滤除去母液后,水洗过滤,干燥,在550℃下焙烧2h,制得 REV改性分子筛;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的130g REV改性分子筛,浸渍50mL氯化锌溶液, 室温静置24h,干燥,在400℃下焙烧1h,制得降硫催化裂化助剂。
经检测,所制备的降硫催化裂化助剂的比表面358m2/g,孔体积0.35mL/g。
实施例4
(1)将247g催化剂滤渣、733g高岭土、5g碳酸钠、5g高分子聚合物加水 4000mL混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,微球颗粒在0~150μm,微球在900℃下焙 烧0.5h,得焙烧微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的300g焙烧微球、88mL碱液、360mL硅酸钠、85mL 导向剂、90mL水后投入晶化反应釜中,在120℃下水热晶化8h,过滤除去母液 后,滤料水洗,过滤,干燥得到分子筛复合材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的分子筛复合材料200g、氯化铵70g、水700mL, 加入5%的盐酸,调配体系pH=3.1,室温下交换120min,过滤、水洗、过滤后, 交换产物在650℃下水汽焙烧0.5小时,得HY分子筛;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的150g HY分子筛、LaCl3溶液36ml、偏钒酸铵5g, 室温交换30min,过滤除去母液后,水洗过滤,干燥,在650℃下焙烧0.5小时, 制得REV改性分子筛;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的130g REV改性分子筛,浸渍50mL氯化镁溶液中, 室温静置24h,干燥,在550℃下焙烧0.5小时,制得降硫催化裂化助剂。
经检测,所制备的降硫催化裂化助剂的比表面388m2/g,孔体积0.38mL/g。
比表面测试方法:产品在美国Micromeritics ASAP 2020型自动吸附仪上测 定比表面积和孔结构,在77K下测定吸脱附等温线。在测量之前,需要将样品 在623K下脱气12h。比表面积使用BET公式计算,利用BJH法计算孔隙参数、 孔体积等。
反应活性及选择性检测
采用ACE评价产品的反应活性及选择性。主剂和实施例1-4制备的助剂均 经过800℃、17小时、100%水蒸汽老化,然后以15%的助剂用量与主剂混合进 行评价,分为对照组和实验组,其中对照组为主剂,实验组分别是主剂添加15% 的实施例1-4制备的助剂,分别为实验组1-4。具体评价结果见表1。
从表上数据可以看出,添加本发明制备的降硫催化裂化助剂均表现出较强的 降低硫含量的性能、具有较强的塔底油裂解能力的特点。
以上为本发明较佳实施例,只适用于帮助理解本发明实施例的原理;同时, 对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本实施例,在具体实施方式以及应用范围上均 会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。对于本领 域技术人员而言,显然本发明专利不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背 离本发明专利的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其它的具体形式实现本发明专 利。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性 的,本发明专利的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权 利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明专利内。
以上所述仅为本发明专利的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明专利,凡在 本发明专利的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含 在本发明专利的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)将催化剂滤渣、高岭土、助剂加水混合打浆,喷雾干燥成微球,微球颗粒在0~150μm,微球在600~900℃下焙烧0.5~5h,得焙烧微球;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的焙烧微球、碱液、硅酸钠、导向剂、水后投入晶化反应釜中,在95~120℃下水热晶化8~36h,过滤除去母液后,滤料水洗,过滤,干燥得到分子筛复合材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的分子筛复合材料进行2-5次酸交换和铵盐交换,室温下交换10~120min,过滤、水洗、过滤后,交换产物在550~650℃下水汽焙烧0.5~3小时,得HY分子筛;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的HY分子筛经过稀土、钒元素的交换改性,过滤除去母液后,水洗过滤,干燥,在550~650℃下焙烧0.5~3小时,制得REV改性分子筛;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的REV改性分子筛浸渍金属溶液中,室温静置12~24h,干燥,在350~550℃下焙烧0.5~1小时,制得降硫催化裂化助剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述催化剂滤渣加入量为步骤(1)固体总重10~30%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述高岭土加入量为步骤(1)固体总重60~80%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述助剂加入量为步骤(1)固体总重1~10%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述助剂包括氧化钛、四氯化钛、硫酸钛、钛酸四丁酯、硅酸钠、氢氧化钠、磷酸盐、碳酸盐、高分子聚合物、玉米粉等中的两种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的降硫催化裂化助剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)所述金属溶液为锌、钴、锰、镁溶液中的一种或多种。
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