CN112166923A - Method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis - Google Patents
Method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis Download PDFInfo
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- CN112166923A CN112166923A CN202010984452.3A CN202010984452A CN112166923A CN 112166923 A CN112166923 A CN 112166923A CN 202010984452 A CN202010984452 A CN 202010984452A CN 112166923 A CN112166923 A CN 112166923A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of flower cultivation, in particular to a method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for regulating bougainvillea spectabilis flowering comprises the steps of pruning, loosening soil and fertilizing, cerclage, spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution and flowering phase treatment, wherein the nutrient solution used in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing the following components: triacontanol 1-1.5 mg/L; 1-1.5mg/L of monopotassium phosphate; 1-2g/L of fulvic acid diamine iron; 1-2g/L of sucrose. The flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis is regulated by utilizing the technology disclosed by the invention, the flowering time can be accurately controlled, and the effects of consistent flowering phase, flowering on demand and flowering on demand are achieved; the flowering quantity can be increased, the time from the bud stage to the full-bloom stage is shortened, and the flowering stage is prolonged; the whole process is regulated and controlled, the bougainvillea spectabilis can be kept healthy and attractive, the phenomenon of over-aging due to a large amount of blossoms is avoided, and the long-term maintenance of the bougainvillea spectabilis landscape is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flower cultivation, in particular to a method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis.
Background
Bougainvillea spectabilis is a vine-shaped shrub of the genus phyllanthus of the family mirabilis, and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In China, bougainvillea spectabilis is mostly distributed in southern areas such as Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Sichuan and the like. The bougainvillea spectabilis flower is bright in color and lasting in flowering phase, and can be used for flowering all the year round, so that the bougainvillea spectabilis people love. At present, bougainvillea spectabilis is very wide in application, beautiful figure can be seen everywhere in park green land, road greening, overpass greening and the like, and the bougainvillea spectabilis plays an important role in beautifying cities, improving environment, garden city construction and the like.
The phenomena of no flowering of long leaves, disorder of plant types, inconsistent flowering period and the like often occur in the cultivated species of bougainvillea spectabilis, so that the attractiveness and the ornamental effect are greatly influenced, and the flowering regulation of bougainvillea spectabilis becomes very important along with the gradual popularization of bougainvillea spectabilis application. Common technical means for regulating bougainvillea spectabilis flowering comprise shading flower induction, frequent pruning flower induction, water control flower induction, hormone flower induction and the like in the prior art, but the methods have certain limitations, such as: shading trapping requires shading equipment, so that large-scale application is limited; the frequent trimming and flower promoting workload is large, the flower promoting effect is poor, and the flower promoting agent is not used independently; the effects of controlling water and promoting flowers are remarkable by combining trimming and fertilizing, but the application field is limited by potted bougainvillea spectabilis; the hormone flower-inducing agent has the advantages of convenient application, long acting time and obvious effect, but has different application amounts for different varieties and different areas, needs to be independently researched for each variety, has certain harm to the environment by some hormones, and is not generally adopted in urban public green land and bridge greening at present.
The method has the defects of high technical difficulty, unsuitability for large-scale operation, complex operation, high cost, narrow application range and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the bougainvillea spectabilis flowering control method which is wide in application range, small in technical difficulty, simple to operate, capable of being operated in a large range and low in cost, and can achieve the effects of controlling flowering and improving the flower quantity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for regulating bougainvillea spectabilis flowering comprises the steps of pruning, loosening soil and fertilizing, cerclage, spraying a flower promoting nutrient solution and flowering phase treatment, wherein the nutrient solution used in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing the following components:
triacontanol 1-1.5 mg/L;
1-1.5mg/L of monopotassium phosphate;
1-2g/L of fulvic acid diamine iron;
1-2g/L of sucrose.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the pruning step comprises pruning and shaping the bougainvillea spectabilis in 40-50 days before the preset flowering phase; the pruning objects preferably comprise diseased branches, dead branches, thin branches, weak branches, intercalary branches, long-stalked branches and the like.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the pruning step, all the non-lignified and semi-lignified branches are pruned.
According to another preferred scheme, the step of loosening the soil and applying fertilizer is to loosen and apply the soil for planting bougainvillea spectabilis after pruning, and the applied fertilizer is a mixed organic fertilizer; the component ratio of the organic fertilizer is preferably 1:1:2-3 of earthworm manure, chicken manure and degreased bone meal fertilizer.
In another more preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the step of loosening soil and fertilizing, the interval between the trimming step and the loosening soil operation is preferably 3 days; the soil loosening depth is preferably 5-7 cm; the fertilization dose is preferably 200g per bougainvillea spectabilis.
In another more preferable scheme of the invention, in the step of loosening the soil and fertilizing, after fertilizing, watering thoroughly once a day; watering time is preferably evening of day; the duration of watering before the cerclage step is preferably 5-7 days.
In another preferred scheme of the invention, the cerclage step is to perform cerclage on the bougainvillea spectabilis trunks; wherein, the position of cerclage is preferably below the first bifurcation point of the trunk; the more preferable position of the cerclage position is more than 5cm away from the ground; the depth of the binding and embedding is preferably 1-1.5mm of the ligamentum cyclocarpum embedded in the phloem of the bougainvillea glabra.
In another more preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the cerclage step, a metal wire is preferably used for cerclage; more preferably, 304 stainless steel wires are adopted for cerclage; most preferably, the cerclage is performed by using round hard medium wires with the diameter of 2-2.5 mm.
In another preferred scheme of the invention, in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, the spraying part is preferably bougainvillea spectabilis branches and leaves, and the spraying degree is preferably that the branches and leaves are full of mist water drops; in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, the flower promoting nutrient solution is preferably sprayed once again every 6 to 8 days after the first spraying; the spraying time is preferably evening.
In another more preferable scheme of the invention, in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, the first spraying is preferably carried out within 2 days after the cerclage step; preferably, the spraying is stopped when the number of buds is not increased any more in the bud period; during the period of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, half of watering amount is reduced.
Another preferred scheme of the invention is that the processing step of the flowering phase comprises the steps of removing the cerclage steel wire when the initial flowering phase begins, and recovering the normal watering amount; after the cerclage steel wire is removed, the flower-keeping nutrient solution is sprayed every 10-15 days, and the spraying is stopped when the final flowering phase begins.
In another more preferable embodiment of the present invention, the flower-retention nutrient solution is preferably an aqueous solution containing the following components: 1-1.5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 2-3g/L of sucrose; boric acid 0.1-0.2 g/L;
the spraying time of the flower-keeping nutrient solution is preferably evening; the spraying degree is preferably that the branches and leaves are full of mist water drops.
The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis is wide in application range, is suitable for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis under various cultivation conditions, and overcomes the limitation of flowering regulating and controlling methods in the prior art on cultivation conditions of the bougainvillea spectabilis; the operation difficulty is low, the cost is low, common maintenance workers can skillfully operate the operation for 1 to 2 times, and special equipment is not needed to be popularized in a large range. The flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis is regulated by utilizing the technology disclosed by the invention, the flowering time can be accurately controlled, and the effects of consistent flowering phase, flowering on demand and flowering on demand are achieved; the flowering quantity can be increased, the time from the bud stage to the full-bloom stage is shortened, and the flowering stage is prolonged; the whole process is regulated and controlled, the bougainvillea spectabilis can be kept healthy and attractive, the phenomenon of over-aging due to a large amount of blossoms is avoided, and the long-term maintenance of the bougainvillea spectabilis landscape is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ligation position in the cerclage step of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the depth of the cerclage step of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail by the following examples, which are provided for the purpose of further illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the insubstantial modifications and adaptations thereof by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure will still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In 2019, flowering of a batch of bougainvillea spectabilis planted in the ground in a certain flower field of the Sihui city of Guangdong province is regulated, and the blooming effect is required to be achieved in the period of national celebration. The bougainvillea spectabilis is pruned in the morning on 8 months and 15 days, the soil is loosened and fertilized in the afternoon, 200g of mixed organic fertilizer (earthworm manure, chicken manure and degreased bone powder manure are 1: 2) is applied to each plant, and after fertilization, the plants are watered thoroughly every evening for 5 days. And performing cerclage treatment on the steel wire in the morning of 20 am after 8 months, wherein a steel wire with the diameter of 2.5mm is adopted, and the depth of the cerclage is 1.5 mm. And spraying a first flower promoting nutrient solution (triacontanol 1mg/L, monopotassium phosphate 1g/L, iron diaminethione fulvate 1g/L and cane sugar 1g/L) in the evening of 21 days in 8 months, and spraying once every 7 days, wherein the amount of managed watering is reduced by half. And (3) entering a bud emergence period in 8 days after 9 months, gradually increasing the number of buds, starting to increase the number of buds no longer in 20 days after 9 months, wherein the number of buds of branches reaches 37 on average per 15cm, and stopping spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution. And (3) entering an initial flowering stage in 21 days after 9 months, removing the cerclage steel wire, recovering the normal watering amount, spraying a first flower-retention nutrient solution (1 g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g/L sucrose and 0.1g/L boric acid) in the evening of 21 days after 9 months, and spraying the flower-retention nutrient solution every 10 days. The flower gradually opens, and the initial flowering period lasts until 9 months and 30 days. The flower is in the full-bloom stage from 1 day after 10 months, the full-bloom stage lasts for 75 days, and the number of the flowers reaches 35 per 15cm branch on average. And (4) starting to enter a final flowering phase in 12 months and 15 days, no spraying the flower-retention nutrient solution, and withering most flowers after the final flowering phase lasts for 20 days.
The number of buds of bougainvillea spectabilis branches of every 15cm averagely reaches 37, the bud pretreatment time is 24 days, the bud stage lasts 12 days, the initial flowering stage lasts 10 days, the full flowering stage lasts 75 days, and the final flowering stage lasts 20 days. The number of buds per 15cm branch reaches 37 on average in the bud stage, and the number of flowers per 15cm branch is kept at about 33 on average in the full-bloom stage. The whole effect, the regulation and control time is short, the regulation and control are accurate, the flowering phase is centralized, and the tree is full of flowers.
Example 2
In 2019, a batch of potted bougainvillea speetabilis flowers in a certain flower field in Guangzhou city are regulated and controlled to bloom, and the blooming effect is required to be achieved during the period of national celebration. The bougainvillea spectabilis is pruned in the morning on 8 months and 17 days, the soil is loosened and fertilized in the afternoon, 200g of mixed organic fertilizer (earthworm manure, chicken manure and degreased bone powder manure are 1: 3) is applied to each plant, and after the fertilizer is applied, the plants are watered thoroughly every evening for 5 days. And performing cerclage treatment on the steel wire in the morning of 8 months and 22 days, wherein a steel wire with the diameter of 2.5mm is adopted, and the depth of the cerclage is 1 mm. And spraying a first flower promoting nutrient solution (triacontanol 1.5mg/L, monopotassium phosphate 1.5g/L, iron diaminethione fulvate 2g/L and cane sugar 2g/L) in the evening of 22 days in 8 months, and spraying once every 7 days, wherein the amount of managed watering is reduced by half. And (3) entering a bud emergence period in 6 days after 9 months, gradually increasing the number of buds, starting to increase the number of buds no longer in 19 days after 9 months, wherein the number of buds of branches reaches 35 per 15cm on average, and then stopping spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution. And (3) entering an initial flowering stage after 20 days in 9 months, removing the cerclage steel wire, recovering the normal watering amount, spraying a first flower-retention nutrient solution (1.5 g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3g/L sucrose and 0.2g/L boric acid) in the evening after 20 days in 9 months, and spraying the flower-retention nutrient solution every 10 days. The flower gradually opens, and the initial flowering period lasts until 10 months and 2 days. The flower is in the full-bloom stage from 10 months and 3 days, the full-bloom stage lasts for 78 days, and the number of the flowers reaches 33 per 15cm branch on average. The final flowering period starts from 12 months and 20 days, no flower-keeping nutrient solution is sprayed, and most flowers wither after the final flowering period lasts for 18 days.
The number of buds of bougainvillea spectabilis branches reaches 35 on average per 15cm through the regulation and control of the technology, the bud pretreatment time is 20 days, the bud stage lasts 13 days, the initial flowering stage lasts 13 days, the full flowering stage lasts 78 days, and the final flowering stage lasts 18 days. The number of buds of each 15cm branch reaches 35 on average in the bud stage, and the number of flowers of each 15cm branch is kept about 33 on average in the full-bloom stage. The whole effect, the regulation and control time is short, the regulation and control are accurate, the flowering phase is centralized, and the tree is full of flowers.
Example 3
In 2018, a batch of potted bougainvillea spectabilis is subjected to flowering control in a certain flower field in the city of the Sihui of Guangdong province, and the blooming effect is required to be achieved during the national day. The bougainvillea spectabilis is pruned in the morning for 8 months and 10 days, the soil is loosened and fertilized in the afternoon, 200g of mixed organic fertilizer (earthworm manure, chicken manure and degreased bone powder manure are 1: 3) is applied to each plant, and after fertilization, the plants are watered thoroughly every evening for 7 days. And performing cerclage treatment on the steel wire in the morning of 8 months and 18 days, wherein a steel wire with the diameter of 2.5mm is adopted, and the depth of the cerclage is 1 mm. And 8, in 19 evening of 8 months, spraying a first flower promoting nutrient solution (1 mg/L of triacontanol, 1.5g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g/L of iron diammoniumfulvate and 1g/L of cane sugar), and spraying once every 7 days, wherein the amount of managed watering is reduced by half. And (3) entering a bud emergence period in 4 days after 9 months, gradually increasing the number of buds, starting to increase the number of buds no longer in 18 days after 9 months, wherein the number of buds of branches reaches 35 per 15cm on average, and then stopping spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution. And (3) entering an initial flowering stage in 19 days in 9 months, removing the cerclage steel wire, recovering the normal watering amount, spraying a first flower-retention nutrient solution (1.5 g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3g/L sucrose and 0.2g/L boric acid) in 20 days in 9 months in the evening, and spraying the flower-retention nutrient solution every 12 days. The flower gradually opens, and the initial flowering period lasts until 10 months and 1 day. The flower is in the full-bloom stage from 10 months and 2 days, the full-bloom stage lasts for 78 days, and the number of the flowers reaches 34 per 15cm branch on average. The final flowering period starts from 12 months and 19 days, no flower-keeping nutrient solution is sprayed, and most flowers wither after the final flowering period lasts for 18 days.
The number of buds of bougainvillea spectabilis branches reaches 35 on average per 15cm through the regulation and control of the technology, the bud pretreatment time is 25 days, the bud stage lasts 14 days, the initial flowering stage lasts 12 days, the full flowering stage lasts 78 days, and the final flowering stage lasts 18 days. The number of buds of each 15cm branch reaches 35 on average in the bud stage, and the number of flowers of each 15cm branch is kept about 34 on average in the full-bloom stage. The whole effect, the regulation and control time is short, the regulation and control are accurate, the flowering phase is centralized, and the tree is full of flowers.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the present invention. Other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for regulating bougainvillea spectabilis flowering is characterized by comprising the steps of pruning, loosening soil and fertilizing, cerclage, spraying a flower promoting nutrient solution and flowering phase treatment, wherein the nutrient solution used in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution is an aqueous solution containing the following components:
triacontanol 1-1.5 mg/L;
1-1.5mg/L of monopotassium phosphate;
1-2g/L of fulvic acid diamine iron;
1-2g/L of sucrose.
2. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, wherein said trimming step comprises trimming and shaping bougainvillea spectabilis 40-50 days before a predetermined flowering period,
in the pruning step, all the non-lignified and semi-lignified parts of the branches are preferably pruned.
3. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of loosening soil and applying fertilizer is to loosen soil and apply fertilizer to bougainvillea spectabilis planting soil after pruning, and the applied fertilizer is mixed organic fertilizer; the component ratio of the organic fertilizer is preferably 1:1:2-3 of earthworm manure, chicken manure and degreased bone meal fertilizer.
4. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 3, wherein in the step of loosening and fertilizing, the interval time between the step of trimming and the operation of loosening soil is preferably 3 days; the soil loosening depth is preferably 5-7 cm; the fertilization dose is preferably 200g per bougainvillea spectabilis.
5. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 3, wherein in the step of loosening and applying soil, water is thoroughly poured once a day after applying the soil; watering time is preferably evening of day; the duration of watering before the cerclage step is preferably 5-7 days.
6. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, wherein the cerclage step is performed by cerclage of bougainvillea spectabilis stems; wherein, the position of cerclage is preferably below the first bifurcation point of the trunk; the more preferable position of the cerclage position is more than 5cm away from the ground; the binding depth is preferably 1-1.5mm of the bougainvillea spectabilis phloem embedded with the cercospora cordifolia,
in the cerclage step, a metal wire is preferably adopted for cerclage; more preferably, 304 stainless steel wires are adopted for cerclage; most preferably, the cerclage is performed by using round hard medium wires with the diameter of 2-2.5 mm.
7. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, wherein in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, the spraying part is preferably bougainvillea spectabilis branches and leaves, and the spraying degree is preferably that the branches and leaves are full of mist water drops; in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, the flower promoting nutrient solution is preferably sprayed once again every 6 to 8 days after the first spraying; the spraying time is preferably the time of the evening,
in the step of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, the first spraying is preferably carried out within 2 days after the cerclage step; preferably, the spraying is stopped when the number of buds is not increased any more in the bud period; during the period of spraying the flower promoting nutrient solution, half of watering amount is reduced.
8. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, wherein the flowering phase treatment step comprises removing the cerclage wire at the beginning of the initial flowering phase and restoring the normal watering amount; after the cerclage steel wire is removed, the flower-keeping nutrient solution is sprayed every 10-15 days, and the spraying is stopped when the final flowering phase begins.
9. The method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 11, wherein said flower retention nutrient solution is preferably an aqueous solution comprising: 1-1.5g/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 2-3g/L of sucrose; boric acid 0.1-0.2 g/L;
10. the method for regulating flowering of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 11, wherein the time of spraying the flower retention nutrient solution is preferably evening; the spraying degree is preferably that the branches and leaves are full of mist water drops.
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| CN113016472A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 宜宾似锦园林有限公司 | Method for promoting bougainvillea spectabilis to bloom again quickly after blooming |
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| CN113906944A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-01-11 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Bougainvillea spectabilis florescence regulation and control method |
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| CN116686664A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-05 | 四川嘉智生态科技有限公司 | Method for regulating and controlling field planting triangle plum blossom period |
| CN116711731A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-08 | 四川嘉智生态科技有限公司 | Regulator for prolonging flowering phase of bougainvillea spectabilis and application method thereof |
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