CN112075283A - Regulation and control method for advancing period of magnolia denudata - Google Patents
Regulation and control method for advancing period of magnolia denudata Download PDFInfo
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- CN112075283A CN112075283A CN202011000269.1A CN202011000269A CN112075283A CN 112075283 A CN112075283 A CN 112075283A CN 202011000269 A CN202011000269 A CN 202011000269A CN 112075283 A CN112075283 A CN 112075283A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the advancing of a magnolia denudata period, belongs to the field of ornamental plant cultivation and application, and particularly relates to the field of magnolia denudata flowering period regulation and control, so as to solve the problem of how to enable magnolia denudata to bloom at different periods in one year, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) before the air temperature rises again in spring, white magnolia plants are selected and planted in loose and breathable matrixes; (2) applying a balanced water soluble fertilizer after the late 3 th to the middle 4 th of the month for the vegetative growth period of the magnolia denudata; (3) in late ten days of 4 months to 5 months, applying No. 3 flower fertilizer for promoting flower growth; (4) after the flower bud differentiation is completed in the beginning of 6 months, the mixed solution of 6-benzyladenine and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surface for 2-3 times. According to the method, the flower buds of the white magnolia can be differentiated in advance, the flower bud dormancy can be broken, the white magnolia which should bloom in the spring of the next year can be promoted to bloom in summer of the current year, the flowering period is advanced from the normal flowering period by 7-8 months, and the blooming in more than one year can be realized, so that the annual flowering and ornamental period of the white magnolia is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the advancing of the flowering phase of magnolia denudata, belongs to the technical field of ornamental plant cultivation and application, and particularly relates to the technical field of regulating and controlling the flowering phase of magnolia denudata.
Background
The magnolia denudata is a magnolia (magnolia) tree of magnolia (magnolia) of magnolia of Magnoliaceae, flowers are firstly, leaves are secondly, the flowers are fully grown, the trees are pure white, the magnolia denudata is a famous ornamental tree species which blooms in early spring in the world, and the magnolia denudata has 2500 years of cultivation history in China.
The magnolia denudata is suitable for growing in slightly acidic or neutral soil with deep soil layers, is fertile, properly wet and has good drainage weakly acidic soil (pH 5-6), is not saline-alkali resistant, can grow in alkaline soil (pH 7-8), and has poor growth when the soil is poor; the root system of the white magnolia is fleshy root, and the white magnolia is not resistant to water accumulation, and the soil is kept slightly moist in the flowering and growing period. After autumn comes, watering is reduced, rooting of the magnolia is delayed, branches are mature, overwintering is facilitated, watering is not conducted generally in winter, and only once watering is conducted when soil is too dry; the white magnolia is suitable for growing in the environment with sufficient sunlight, and the illumination is sufficient, so that the plants are luxuriant in leaves, more flowers and more aromatic; the white magnolia is sensitive to temperature, the blooming time can be advanced due to high temperature, the white magnolia can endure the short-time low temperature of minus 20 ℃, and cold-proof measures are needed when the temperature is lower than minus 20 ℃; the white magnolia is favored by fertilizers, but large fertilizers are forbidden, the differentiation of flower buds and the promotion of growth can be facilitated by applying fertilizers twice in the growth period, one time is applied in early spring, the other time is applied in 5-6 months, the fertilizers are full-rotten organic fertilizers, the newly planted seedlings do not need to be fertilized, and the fertilizers are applied after the leaves fall or in the spring of the next year.
The natural florescence of the white magnolia lasts for about 20 days in the last 2 to 3 months of each year, while the full florescence of each plant is only 10 days, so that the florescence is short and relatively concentrated.
The previous research shows that the flower bud differentiation of the white magnolia blossoming in early spring is completed before summer of the previous year, the flower bud differentiation is performed only once every year, and the flower bud differentiation is completed from the bottom of 4 months to the top of 6 months. The flower buds of magnolia denudata differentiate over 5 periods: the undifferentiated stage, the early stage of flower bud differentiation, the petal primordium differentiation stage, the stamen primordium differentiation stage and the pistil primordium differentiation stage take about 40 days, although the flower bud differentiation is finished in the first ten days of 6 months, the magnolia will bloom until the second year between 2 and 3 months, and go through the dormant period as long as 9 months, during which the magnolia alba flower bud is completely differentiated, has the flowering capability and does not bloom basically under the natural condition. At present, only a single white magnolia blossoms twice in the same year, but the white magnolia blossoms only happily and sporadically, and the batch and whole-plant regular blossoming is not realized. A technical method for regulating and controlling the blooming of the white magnolia at different periods in one year is not reported at home and abroad at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: a method for regulating and controlling the period advance of magnolia denudata, which aims to solve the problem of how to make magnolia denudata bloom in different periods in one year.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for regulating and controlling the advance of the magnolia period comprises the following steps:
(1) before the air temperature rises again in spring, white yulan magnolia plants with the plant height not more than 3m are selected and planted in loose and breathable matrixes;
(2) applying a balanced water soluble fertilizer in the later vegetative growth period of the magnolia denudata from 3 late ten days to 4 middle ten days, wherein the balanced water soluble fertilizer is applied once every 7-10 days and is applied for 2-3 times:
(3) in late ten days of 4 months to 5 months, applying No. 3 flower fertilizer for promoting flower growth, once every 2 weeks for 2-3 times;
(4) after the flower bud differentiation is completed in the beginning of 6 months, the mixed solution of 6-benzyladenine and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surface for 2-3 times.
In the technical scheme of the application: after the magnolia denudata is planted, in the vegetative growth period from 3 late ten days to 4 middle days of the month, a balanced water soluble fertilizer is applied, so that the vegetative growth is accelerated, branches accumulate sufficient nutrients, preparation is made for flower bud differentiation, a flower growth promoting nutritional fertilizer Huabao 3 is applied from the bottom of the 4 month to 5 late days of the month, so that the magnolia denudata is subjected to vegetative growth all the time, the magnolia denudata plants are converted to reproductive growth, the flower bud differentiation is promoted, a mixed solution of 6-benzyladenine and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on leaf surfaces, wherein the 6-benzyladenine is a plant growth regulator and can break dormancy and promote flower bud formation and flowering, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer, and the concentration of partial leaves of the magnolia denudata tree body is induced to scorch and fall leaves immediately after the spraying, the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate begins to reduce, then the lower side buds of the magnolia denudata move, branch and spread leaves, and break the dormancy of the buds, the flower bud is enlarged, thereby promoting the early blossoming of the magnolia denudata plants and prolonging the flowering period. By adopting the regulation and control method for advancing the flowering phase of the white magnolia, the flower buds of the white magnolia are differentiated in advance, the dormancy of the flower buds is broken, the white magnolia which should bloom in the spring of the second year is promoted to bloom in summer of the current year, the flowering phase is advanced from the normal flowering phase by 7-8 months, and the flowering in more than one year is realized, so that the annual flowering and ornamental period of the white magnolia is prolonged; the white magnolia blossoming in early spring can be enabled to bloom again in summer in the current year without facility treatment of an artificial climate chamber and the like under natural climate conditions.
Preferably, the matrix in the step (1) is a mixture of garden soil, grass peat and river sand, and the weight ratio of the garden soil, the grass peat and the river sand is 1-3:2-6: 1-3.
More preferably, the weight ratio of garden soil, grass peat and river sand is 2:4: 2.
Preferably, in the step (1), white yulan magnolia plants with unfolded branches, full tree shape, 3-5cm diameter at breast height and 2.0-3.0m height are selected.
Preferably, in the step (2), the effective content of nitrogen N in the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is 20%, and phosphorus P is2O5Has an effective content of 20%, potassium K2The effective content of O is 20 percent, the concentration of the balanced water soluble fertilizer is 0.8-1.2g/L, and each plant is applied by 1000-1500 mL.
More preferably, the concentration of the balanced water soluble fertilizer is 1g/L, and 1200mL of the balanced water soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant.
Preferably, in the step (3), the Huabao No. 3 is prepared into a solution according to the concentration of 0.8-1.0g/L, and each plant is watered with 300-600 mL.
More preferably, in the step (3), the Huabao No. 3 is prepared into a solution according to the concentration of 0.9g/L, and 500mL of the solution is poured into each plant.
Preferably, the 1L of the aqueous solution in the step (4) contains 0.4-0.6g of 6-benzyladenine and 1.0-3.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mixed solution is sprayed on the leaf surface according to the amount of 150mL per plant.
More preferably, in the step (4), 0.5g of 6-benzyladenine and 2.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are contained in 1L of the aqueous solution, and the mixed solution is sprayed to the leaf surfaces in an amount of 120mL per plant.
In the technical scheme of the application:
when a mixed solution of 6-benzyladenine and monopotassium phosphate is sprayed on leaf surfaces, avoiding flower bud positions, paying attention to weather forecast or temporarily setting a rain shelter, and avoiding rainwater showering within 3 days after spraying;
the effective content of nitrogen N in Huabao No. 3 is 10%, and phosphorus P2O5Has an effective content of 30%, potassium K2The effective content of O is 20 percent, and the fertilizer is a quick-acting compound fertilizer;
the balanced water soluble fertilizer also contains trace EDTA-iron, EDTA-manganese, EDTA-zinc, EDTA-copper, boron, molybdenum, magnesium and other medium and trace elements, and provides comprehensive and balanced nutrition for magnolia denudata plants.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the regulation and control method for advancing the flowering phase of the white magnolia, the flower buds of the white magnolia are differentiated in advance, the dormancy of the flower buds is broken, the white magnolia which should bloom in the spring of the second year is promoted to bloom in summer of the current year, the flowering phase is advanced from the normal flowering phase by 7-8 months, and the flowering in more than one year is realized, so that the annual flowering and ornamental period of the white magnolia is prolonged;
2. the white magnolia blossoming in early spring can bloom again in summer in the current year without facility treatment of artificial climate chamber and the like, and the flowering period is earlier than the normal flowering period by about 8 months;
3. the regulation and control method for advancing the flowering phase of the magnolia denudata can be applied as a secondary flowering technology for advancing the flowering phase of the magnolia denudata and promoting the current year, so that the flowering and ornamental period of the magnolia denudata is prolonged, and the multi-season flowering target is realized;
4. after the magnolia denudata is planted, applying a balanced water soluble fertilizer in the later vegetative growth period of the magnolia denudata from 3 late ten days to 4 middle ten days of the month, aiming at accelerating vegetative growth and accumulating sufficient nutrients on branches to prepare for flower bud differentiation;
5. the purpose of applying the flower promoting nutrition fertilizer Huabao No. 3 in the late 4 months to the late 5 months is to keep vegetative growth, convert the magnolia denudata plants to reproductive growth and promote flower bud differentiation;
6. the method comprises the steps of spraying a mixed solution of 6-benzyladenine and monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces, wherein the 6-benzyladenine is a plant growth regulator and can break dormancy to promote formation and flowering of flower buds, the monopotassium phosphate is a high-phosphorus high-potassium fertilizer, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate is higher after spraying is started to induce withering and leaf falling of partial leaves of a magnolia denudata tree body, then the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate starts to be reduced, then lateral buds on the lower portion sprout to sprout, draw branches and expand leaves, break dormancy of the flower buds, and grow the flower buds, so that early flowering of a magnolia denudata plant is promoted, and the flowering phase is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a fully developed flower bud of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the flower bud of the present invention, which is expanded and ready to be opened;
FIG. 3 shows a magnolia denudata flower of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for adjusting the advancing period of magnolia denudata includes the following steps:
(1) before the air temperature rises again in spring, selecting white yulan magnolia plants, planting the white yulan magnolia plants in a loose and air-permeable substrate, selecting white yulan magnolia plants with branches spreading, full tree shape, 3-3.5cm of breast diameter and 2.0-2.5m of plant height, wherein the substrate is a mixture of garden soil, grass peat and river sand, and the loose and air-permeable cultivation substrate is prepared by the weight ratio of the garden soil, the grass peat and the river sand being 1: 2: 1;
(2) in the later vegetative growth period of magnolia denudata in 4 months and 9 days and 4 months and 16 days, a balanced water-soluble fertilizer is applied, the concentration of the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is 1g/L, and 1000mL of the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant to accelerate the vegetative growth and promote the accumulation of branch nutrients;
(3) watering and applying No. 3 flower promoting nutrition fertilizer in 29 days of 4 months, 14 days of 5 months and 29 days of 5 months, preparing the No. 3 flower promoting nutrition fertilizer into a solution according to the concentration of 0.8g/L, and watering and applying 300mL of the solution to each plant;
(4) after the flower buds are differentiated at the beginning of 6 months, 0.5g of 6-benzyladenine and 1.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are respectively contained in 1L of aqueous solution at 4 days in 6 months and 14 days in 6 months, the mixed solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces according to the amount of 100mL of each plant, the leaves of the tree body are induced to be scorched and fallen leaves through the treatment, the hidden buds at the lower part of the potted magnolia denudata are promoted to sprout, branch and leaf, then the flower buds are expanded, the flowers continuously bloom in 1 day in 7 months till 15 days in 7 months, and the plant blossoming is processed to reach 100 percent.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for adjusting the advancing period of magnolia denudata includes the following steps:
(1) before the air temperature rises again in spring, selecting white yulan magnolia plants, planting the white yulan magnolia plants in a loose and breathable substrate, selecting white yulan magnolia plants with unfolded branches, full tree shape, 3.5-4.5cm of diameter at breast height and 2.5-3.0m of height, wherein the substrate is a mixture of garden soil, grass peat and river sand, and the loose and breathable cultivation substrate is prepared by the weight ratio of the garden soil, the grass peat and the river sand being 1: 2: 1;
(2) in the later vegetative growth period of magnolia denudata in 25 days after 3 months, 4 days after 4 months and 14 days after 4 months, applying a balanced water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the concentration of the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is 1.2g/L, and applying 1500mL of the balanced water-soluble fertilizer to each plant so as to accelerate the vegetative growth and promote the accumulation of branch nutrients;
(3) in 9 days at 6 months and 19 days at 6 months, the flower promoting nutrition fertilizer Huabao No. 3 is applied by watering, the Huabao No. 3 is prepared into solution according to the concentration of 1.0g/L, and 500mL of the solution is applied to each plant by watering;
(4) after the flower bud differentiation is completed in the early 6 months, 0.6g of 6-benzyladenine and 2.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are contained in 1L of aqueous solution at 28 days in 6 months and 10 days in 7 months, the mixed solution is sprayed on the leaf surface according to the amount of 100mL of each plant, the leaf blade of the tree body is induced to be scorched and fallen through the treatment, the hidden bud germination, the branch and the leaf expansion at the lower part of the potted magnolia denudata are promoted, the flower bud is induced to expand, the flower bud of the potted magnolia denudata plant is induced to expand, the flower continuously opens in the period from 13 days in 7 months to 23 days in 7 months, and the flower plant expanding rate is 100%.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for adjusting the advancing period of magnolia denudata includes the following steps:
(1) before the air temperature rises again in spring, selecting white yulan magnolia plants, planting the white yulan magnolia plants in a loose and breathable substrate, selecting white yulan magnolia plants with unfolded branches, full tree shape, 4.0-5.0cm of breast diameter and 2.5-3.0m of plant height, wherein the substrate is a mixture of garden soil, grass peat and river sand, and the loose and breathable cultivation substrate is prepared by the weight ratio of the garden soil, the grass peat and the river sand being 3: 4: 2;
(2) in the later vegetative growth period of magnolia denudata in 2 days after 4 months and 12 days after 4 months, applying a balanced water-soluble fertilizer, wherein the concentration of the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is 1g/L, and 1200mL of the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant to accelerate the vegetative growth and promote the accumulation of branch nutrients;
(3) watering and applying No. 3 flower fertilizer at 26 days in 4 months, 10 days in 5 months and 26 days in 5 months, preparing the No. 3 flower fertilizer into a solution according to the concentration of 0.9g/L, and watering and applying 400mL of the solution to each plant;
(4) after the flower buds are differentiated at the beginning of 6 months, 0.4g of 6-benzyladenine and 3.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are respectively contained in 1L of aqueous solution at 2 days in 6 months and 12 days in 6 months, the mixed solution is sprayed on leaf surfaces according to the amount of 120mL of each plant, the leaves of the tree body are induced to be scorched and fallen leaves through the treatment, the hidden buds at the lower part of the potted magnolia denudata are promoted to sprout, branch and leaf are spread, then the flower buds are expanded, the flowers continuously bloom in 3 days in 7 months till 18 days in 7 months, and the plant blossoming is processed to reach 100 percent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for regulating and controlling the advance of the magnolia period is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before the air temperature rises again in spring, white yulan magnolia plants with the plant height not more than 3m are selected and planted in loose and breathable matrixes;
(2) applying a balanced water soluble fertilizer once every 7-10 days and 2-3 times in the later vegetative growth period of the magnolia denudata from 3 late ten days to 4 middle ten days;
(3) in late ten days of 4 months to 5 months, applying No. 3 flower fertilizer for promoting flower growth, once every 2 weeks for 2-3 times;
(4) after the flower bud differentiation is completed in the beginning of 6 months, the mixed solution of 6-benzyladenine and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surface for 2-3 times.
2. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the matrix is a mixture of garden soil, grass peat and river sand, and the weight ratio of the garden soil to the grass peat to the river sand is 1-3:2-6: 1-3.
3. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the weight ratio of garden soil, grass peat and river sand is 2:4: 2.
4. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), white magnolia plants with unfolded branches, full tree forms, 3-5cm diameter at breast height and 2.0-3.0m height are selected.
5. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the effective content of nitrogen N in the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is 20 percent, and phosphorus P is2O5Has an effective content of 20%, potassium K2The effective content of O is 20 percent, the concentration of the balanced water soluble fertilizer is 0.8-1.2g/L, and each plant is applied by 1000-1500 mL.
6. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the concentration of the balanced water soluble fertilizer is 1g/L, and 1200mL of the balanced water soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant.
7. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the Huabao No. 3 is prepared into a solution according to the concentration of 0.8-1.0g/L, and each plant is watered with 300mL of water and 600mL of water.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the adjustment of the magnolia period advancing comprises: in the step (3), the Huabao No. 3 is prepared into a solution according to the concentration of 0.9g/L, and 500mL of the solution is poured on each plant.
9. The method for controlling the advancement of magnolia period as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), 0.4-0.6g of 6-benzyladenine and 1.0-3.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are contained in 1L of the aqueous solution, and the mixed solution is sprayed to the leaf surfaces according to the amount of 150mL of 100-one plant.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the adjustment of the magnolia period advancing comprises: in the step (4), 0.5g of 6-benzyladenine and 2.5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are contained in 1L of the aqueous solution, and the mixed solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces according to the amount of 120mL of each plant.
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| CN113207909A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Flowering arbor flowering period accurate regulation and control preparation and use method thereof |
| CN114190277A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Method for promoting blooming and fructification of large root orchid test tube |
| CN114916360A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for regulating and controlling flowering phase of castanopsis hystrix |
| CN114946495A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-08-30 | 上海应用技术大学 | Shoot control and flower promotion method for potted castus paniculatus |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113207909A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Flowering arbor flowering period accurate regulation and control preparation and use method thereof |
| CN114190277A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Method for promoting blooming and fructification of large root orchid test tube |
| CN114946495A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-08-30 | 上海应用技术大学 | Shoot control and flower promotion method for potted castus paniculatus |
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