CN113207909A - Flowering arbor flowering period accurate regulation and control preparation and use method thereof - Google Patents
Flowering arbor flowering period accurate regulation and control preparation and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
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- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention relates to a flowering arbor flowering phase accurate regulation preparation and a use method thereof, wherein the regulation preparation comprises a flower control No. 1, a flower control No. 2 and a flower control No. 3; wherein, accuse flower 1 number includes: 18-22g/L of trehalose, 0.8-1.2g/L of ternary compound fertilizer, 0.25-0.35g/L of forchlorfenuron, 0.5-1.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of boric acid and 0.8-1.0g/L of bacillus subtilis; flower control No. 2 includes: 13-17g/L of rhamnose, 0.6-1.0g/L of Huabao No. 2, 0.35-0.45g/L of triacontanol, 2.5-3.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of polychlorobenzoic acid, 0.8-1.0g/L of pseudomonas fluorescens, and the flower control No. 3 comprises: 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.4-0.8g/L of Huabao No. 3, 60.45-0.55g/L of DTA, 1.5-2.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of salicylic acid and 0.8-1.0g/L of yeast. The method for accurately regulating and controlling the flowering period of the flowering trees can induce the plants to bloom again after natural flowering, realizes multiple flowering in the year, can prolong the flowering ornamental period of the plants, can meet the requirement of plant display at a specific time, and enables various flowering trees to play a better role in urban landscaping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gardens, in particular to a flowering arbor flowering phase accurate regulation and control preparation and a using method thereof.
Background
The flowering arbor has large tree body and high flower viewing value, and is often full of flowers, fragrant in appearance and beautiful and pleasant when the flowering period comes, so that the flowering arbor is called as a treasure house of urban landscaping tree species. However, most flowering trees need a long time from formation to complete differentiation of flower buds, and the flowering seasons are the same, so that the conditions of concentrated flowering phase and short flowering time often occur, and urban beautification cannot be realized all the year round.
At present, the nursery cultivated varieties of flowering trees in various regions are single, and the flowering trees cultivated in most nursery plants are opened once a year, so that multi-season flower viewing in one year cannot be realized, and the problem that the flowering period of urban landscaping flowering trees is concentrated cannot be solved. However, the difficulty in breeding new high-quality arbor varieties with different flowering phases is very high, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be input, and finally, the variety which can be stably input for use is extremely long in time consumption, so that the demand of current landscaping cannot be met. Moreover, the flowering mechanism of large trees is not clear at present, and specific conditions for breaking flower bud dormancy still need to be further explored. Meanwhile, because the arbor is huge and is easily interfered by various factors such as external illumination, moisture, nutrients, temperature and the like, the test difficulty is greatly increased compared with that of shrubs and herbs, and the final test result is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the flowering period of the flowering tree is accurately regulated and controlled by applying the preparation, so that the problems of single flowering period and short flowering time of the existing flowering tree are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a flowering arbor flowering period regulating preparation comprises a flower control No. 1, a flower control No. 2 and a flower control No. 3; wherein, accuse flower 1 number includes: 18-22g/L of trehalose, 0.8-1.2g/L of ternary compound fertilizer, 0.25-0.35g/L of forchlorfenuron, 0.5-1.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of boric acid and 0.8-1.0g/L of bacillus subtilis; flower control No. 2 includes: 13-17g/L of rhamnose, 0.6-1.0g/L of Huabao No. 2, 0.35-0.45g/L of triacontanol, 2.5-3.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of polychlorobenzoic acid, 0.8-1.0g/L of pseudomonas fluorescens, and the flower control No. 3 comprises: 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.4-0.8g/L of Huabao No. 3, 60.45-0.55g/L of DTA, 1.5-2.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of salicylic acid and 0.8-1.0g/L of yeast.
Preferably, the formulation method of the regulatory formulation when administered: adding water to the flower control No. 1 to prepare a solution with the mass percent of 2.3-2.5%, adding water to the flower control No. 2 to prepare a solution with the mass percent of 2.1-2.2%, and adding water to the flower control No. 3 to prepare a solution with the mass percent of 1.4-1.6%.
Further preferably, the formulation method of the regulatory formulation when administered is: the flower control No. 1 is prepared into a solution with the mass percent of 2.42% by adding water, the flower control No. 2 is prepared into a solution with the mass percent of 2.12% by adding water, and the flower control No. 3 is prepared into a solution with the mass percent of 1.54% by adding water.
Preferably, the method of modulating formulation administration comprises: spraying: adding the prepared solution into a spraying kettle, spraying plant leaves and flower bud surfaces from top to bottom and ensuring that liquid is fully contacted with plants, and after spraying, paying attention to wind prevention and water prevention to ensure that the liquid can be fully absorbed by the plants for a sufficient time; watering: and (3) irrigating the roots of the plants with the prepared solution to ensure that the fibrous roots of the plants can be fully contacted and absorbed.
Further preferably, the regulation preparation is applied to the magnolia denudata, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
first, 3 month end-4 month beginning: the preparation is applied once every 7 days for controlling the flower number 1, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of a tree body and 800 ml/plant, and 200 + 400 ml/plant is irrigated;
second, 4 month end-5 month end: the preparation is applied once every 14 days for controlling the flower number 2, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of the tree body and 400 ml/plant, and 100 ml/plant is irrigated.
Third, 6 early months-7 middle of the month: the preparation is applied once every 10 days for flower control No. 3, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of a tree body and 150 ml/plant, and the preparation is irrigated by 50-100 ml/plant.
And (5) withering the white magnolia flowers which are opened for the second time at the bottom of four and 7 months.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for accurately regulating and controlling the flowering period of the flowering trees can induce the plants to bloom again after natural flowering, realizes multiple flowering in the year, can prolong the flowering ornamental period of the plants, can meet the requirement of plant display at a specific time, and enables various flowering trees to play a better role in urban landscaping.
1. The application is convenient, only once per week, no large amount of manpower and material resources are needed, and the operation is simple.
2. The magnolia denudata flower-bud tea is applied in 4 months, can flower the magnolia denudata at the beginning of 7 months, has obvious quick effect and greatly shortens the flowering period. Different from the conventional phenomenon that the white magnolia flowers first and leaves later, the flowers and leaves appear simultaneously in 7-month flowering, and the white magnolia flower bud has special ornamental value.
3. The flowering character is stable, the shape and color of the flowering plant are the same as those of a flower in a normal flowering phase, and no adverse effect is caused on the subsequent growth of the plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the phenomenon of flower and leaf coexistence in the second flowering white magnolia;
FIG. 2 shows a specific pattern of a double-flowering white yulan.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples. The examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and do not limit the scope of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the present invention, and the preferred embodiments described herein are exemplary only.
Example 1
1. Basic formula of flowering phase regulating preparation
The basic formula comprises water, sugar, fertilizer, growth regulator, surfactant, organic acid and composite microbial inoculum
2. Solute proportion of the preparation
The invention configures three preparations with different formulas according to different growth stages of plants. Flower control No. 1, flower control No. 2 and flower control No. 3. Specific solute compositions are shown in the table below.
TABLE 1 solute composition of the formulations
3. Flowering phase regulating preparation raw material and effect thereof
3.1 saccharide: sugars and their metabolites have a regulatory effect on flowering in plants. The invention applies the trehalose, the rhamnose and the sucrose respectively at different periods, and can adjust the special part of the vegetative growth of plants so as to adjust the flowering time. And the regulation effect of different types and concentrations of sugar on flowering is greatly different, and the expression of partial plant genes is even activated or inhibited by the sugar, so that the normal flowering character of the plant is changed.
3.2 fertilizer: the existing flowering promoting fertilizer is usually a high-phosphorus potassium fertilizer, and is mostly applied to the bud stage of plants, so that the existing flowering promoting fertilizer is easily limited by the growth of the plants, and the flowering phase of the plants cannot be accurately regulated. The invention respectively applies the ternary compound fertilizer, the Huabao No. 2 and the Huabao No. 3 to the nutrition accumulation stage, the flower bud differentiation stage and the plant budding stage after the plant blooms, so that the plant can quickly complete the nutrition accumulation and the flower bud differentiation, and finally the plant blossoming can be accurately regulated and controlled. The main components of Huabao: consists of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, water-soluble phosphoric anhydride and water-soluble potassium chloride.
3.3 growth regulators: the present invention administers triacontanol, DTA-6 and indolebutyric acid.
Forchlorfenuron is a kind of phenylurea plant growth regulator with cytokinin activity, which can affect the development of plant bud, accelerate cell mitosis, promote cell enlargement and differentiation, and prevent fruit and flower from dropping, so as to promote plant growth and prematurity.
Triacontanol is a natural plant growth regulator with long carbon chain, has no harm and side effect to human and livestock, and has no pollution to environment. Can be absorbed by plant stem and leaf, and promote plant growth, increase dry matter accumulation, improve cell membrane permeability, increase chlorophyll content, improve photosynthetic strength, enhance amylase, polyoxase and peroxidase activity, and promote germination, rooting, stem and leaf growth and flowering.
DTA-6 is also called N-diethylaminoethyl hexanoate, is a novel plant growth promoter, has known effects of promoting carbohydrate metabolism of plants, and can be used for improving the yield, quality and physiological metabolism function of organs of peanuts by being sprayed on leaf surfaces before flowering. At present, the test of the application of the compound to large trees is not reported, and further research is needed.
3.4 foliar fertilizer: the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate applied by the invention is the most excellent one in the phosphorus-potassium foliar fertilizer, and can promote the plants to fully absorb nitrogen elements and phosphorus elements after being sprayed. Thereby promoting the differentiation of plant flower buds and increasing the number of flowers. Meanwhile, the soil acid-base change can be buffered, and the pH value of the soil is stabilized. Promote the growth and the propagation of plant rhizosphere microbial flora, accelerate the growth of the root system and enhance the autonomous disease resistance and stress resistance.
3.5 organic acid: the organic acid is an acidic organic compound containing carboxyl in organisms, and most of the organic acid is an endogenous signal molecule commonly existing in plants and has an important effect on the growth of the plants. The invention applies boric acid, polychlorinated benzoic acid and salicylic acid. The boric acid can promote the growth and tissue differentiation of plant cells, accelerate the development of root systems and improve the vegetative growth efficiency of plants. The polychlorobenzoic acid can promote cell division and differentiation, delay protein degradation in plants, and accelerate the differentiation and formation of plant flower buds. Salicylic acid can induce plant to bloom, regulate plant photoperiod and prolong flowering time.
3.6 bacterial agent: the microorganism has great influence on the growth of plants, can fix nitrogen and carbon, improve soil and improve plant resistance, and can regulate the growth condition of the plants and change the secretion condition of endogenous hormones of the plants. The invention uses bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and pseudomonas fluorescens respectively in different growth periods. The bacillus subtilis can secrete active substances, increase the formation of indoleacetic acid auxin, stimulate the development of plant roots, enhance photosynthesis and accelerate the accumulation of plant nutrients. The pseudomonas fluorescens can be used for preventing and treating plant root diseases, and can also explain auxin substances, promote the growth of crop roots and prevent root rot. The use of the mother bacteria can adjust the nutrient absorption condition of plants, help to balance growth and promote flowering and fruiting.
4. Specific proportion of flowering phase regulating preparation
4.1 specific solute ratio
TABLE 2 solute quality (g/L) of the formulations
The specific solute formula and the mass ratio control flower 1 ═ trehalose (61.19%) + ternary compound fertilizer (28.36%) + forchlorfenuron (0.90%) + monopotassium phosphate (2.99%) + boric acid (3.58%) + bacillus subtilis (2.99%);
control flower No. 2 ═ rhamnose (69.05%) + huabao No. 2 (4.29%) + triacontanol (1.90%) + monopotassium phosphate (14.29%) + polychlorobenzoic acid (5.71%) + pseudomonas fluorescens (4.76%);
control flower No. 3 ═ sucrose (67.48%) + huabao No. 3 (3.68%) + DTA-6 (3.07%) + monopotassium phosphate (12.27%) + salicylic acid (7.36%) + yeast (6.13%);
control 1 ═ ternary compound fertilizer (90.90%) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (9.10%);
control 2 ═ huabao No. 2 (0.08%) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.30%);
control No. 3 ═ huabao No. 3 (0.06%) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.20%);
control 4 ═ ternary compound fertilizer (66.67%) + trehalose (33.33%);
control No. 5 ═ huabao No. 2 (94.94%) + rhamnose (5.06%);
control 6 ═ huabao No. 3 (94.34%) + sucrose (5.66%);
TABLE 3 mass ratio of water to solute (%)
4.2 preparation process material preparation: 8-22g of saccharides, 0.4-1.2g of fertilizer, 0.2-0.55g of biological regulator, 0.5-3.5g of foliar fertilizer, 1.0-1.5g of organic acid and 0.8-1.0g of microbial inoculum are required to be added in 1L of prepared spraying agent.
The specific process comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing saccharides, adding distilled water for dissolving, adding organic acid and foliar fertilizer for dissolving after the saccharides are completely dissolved, and refrigerating for later use.
Secondly, weighing the growth regulator, dissolving the growth regulator by using a small amount of 95% alcohol, and then adding distilled water; in addition, 1g of monopotassium phosphate (leaf fertilizer) is weighed and dissolved by adding distilled water. After complete dissolution, the growth regulator is mixed with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.
And step three, mixing the solutions prepared in the step one and the step two, fully mixing, adding the microbial inoculum and the fertilizer, and finally dissolving to 1000ml for later use.
5. Method of use of the formulation
The using method comprises the following steps:
1. in adding the watering can with the solution that prepares, the spraying object is plant blade and flower bud surface, sprays and guarantees that liquid and plant fully contact from top to bottom, notices after the spraying and prevent wind waterproof messenger's liquid and can have sufficient time to be fully absorbed by the plant.
2. And (3) irrigating the roots of the plants with the prepared solution to ensure that the fibrous roots of the plants can be fully contacted and absorbed.
6. Specific use effect
The invention takes white magnolia as a test object, tests are carried out from the normal blooming of the white magnolia at the bottom of 3 months, preparations (test groups) for controlling flower 1, 2 and 3 are respectively applied according to different growth stages of plants, and the test methods of a control group (control I and control II) are the same except that the application preparations are different. The specific test conditions were as follows:
1. experimental materials: selecting 30 potted magnolia denudata seedlings with healthy growth and similar specifications as test objects, wherein the average phi of the seedlings is 3-5cm, h is 2-3m, collecting and recording the initial growth condition of each magnolia denudata seedling, and the soil used by the test seedlings is garden soil with good hydrophobicity and air permeability. The 30 experimental seedlings were divided into three groups of 10 seedlings on average, one of which was the test group and the other two of which were the control group.
2. The test process comprises the following steps: the preparation can be used for spraying and irrigating simultaneously, the plant leaf part needs to be aligned during spraying, the contact with flower buds is avoided as much as possible, and a rain shelter needs to be arranged one day after spraying, so that the plants can fully absorb the medicament.
3, bottom of month-4, beginning of month: the preparation is applied once every 7 days, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of a tree body, wherein 800 ml/plant is used for spraying the preparation, and 400 ml/plant is used for irrigating the preparation according to the size of the tree body.
4, bottom of month-5, bottom of month: the preparation is applied once every 14 days, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of the tree body and 400 ml/plant, and 100-300 ml/plant for irrigation.
Beginning of 6 months to middle of 7 months: the preparation is applied once every 10 days, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of a tree body, wherein the spraying amount is 150ml per plant, and the irrigation is carried out according to the size of 50-100ml per plant.
The test is finished after the white magnolia flowers which are opened twice at the bottom of 7 months wither.
The formulation application times are shown in the table below.
TABLE 4 formulation application time
Table 5 cases of plant growth at the end of the test
Table 6 cases test flowering conditions of plants
7. Summary of the tests
Test results show that after the preparation is applied, the blooming magnolia denudata appears secondary blooming phenomenon, and the spacing between the blooming magnolia denudata and normal blooming is only 4 months. The number of flowering plants in the test group accounts for 60% of the total number of plants, and the average flowering time and flower morphology are the same as those of flowers which are normally opened. After the test is finished, the plant grows normally, and the height, the breast diameter, the number of new leaves and the growth amount of lateral branches of the test group are all similar to those of the control group, which indicates that the preparation can not cause damage to the plant. The method has the advantages that the method is very simple and convenient, special artificial climate boxes and other facilities are not needed for treatment, and the accurate regulation and control of the flowering trees for multiple seasons in a year are realized. Provides help for the maintenance of flower ornamental plants in future.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A flowering arbor flowering period control preparation is characterized in that: the regulating preparation comprises flower control No. 1, flower control No. 2 and flower control No. 3; wherein, accuse flower 1 number includes: 18-22g/L of trehalose, 0.8-1.2g/L of ternary compound fertilizer, 0.25-0.35g/L of forchlorfenuron, 0.5-1.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of boric acid and 0.8-1.0g/L of bacillus subtilis;
flower control No. 2 includes: 13-17g/L of rhamnose, 0.6-1.0g/L of Huabao No. 2, 0.35-0.45g/L of triacontanol, 2.5-3.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of polychlorobenzoic acid, 0.8-1.0g/L of pseudomonas fluorescens,
flower control No. 3 includes: 8-12g/L of sucrose, 0.4-0.8g/L of Huabao No. 3, 60.45-0.55g/L of DTA, 1.5-2.5g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0-1.5g/L of salicylic acid and 0.8-1.0g/L of yeast.
2. The method of using the flowering tree flowering stage regulating preparation according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the regulation preparation during application comprises the following steps: adding water to the flower control No. 1 to prepare a solution with the mass percent of 2.3-2.5%, adding water to the flower control No. 2 to prepare a solution with the mass percent of 2.1-2.2%, and adding water to the flower control No. 3 to prepare a solution with the mass percent of 1.4-1.6%.
3. The method of using the flowering tree flowering stage regulating preparation according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the regulation preparation during application comprises the following steps: the flower control No. 1 is prepared into a solution with the mass percent of 2.42% by adding water, the flower control No. 2 is prepared into a solution with the mass percent of 2.12% by adding water, and the flower control No. 3 is prepared into a solution with the mass percent of 1.54% by adding water.
4. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method for administering the regulatory formulation comprises:
spraying: adding the prepared solution into a spraying kettle, spraying plant leaves and flower bud surfaces from top to bottom and ensuring that liquid is fully contacted with plants, and after spraying, paying attention to wind prevention and water prevention to ensure that the liquid can be fully absorbed by the plants for a sufficient time;
watering: and (3) irrigating the roots of the plants with the prepared solution to ensure that the fibrous roots of the plants can be fully contacted and absorbed.
5. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the regulation preparation is applied to the magnolia denudata, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
first, 3 month end-4 month beginning: the preparation is applied once every 7 days for controlling the flower number 1, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of a tree body and 800 ml/plant, and 200 + 400 ml/plant is irrigated;
second, 4 month end-5 month end: the preparation is applied once every 14 days for flower control No. 2, the preparation is sprayed according to the size of the tree body and 400 ml/plant, and 100 and 300 ml/plant for irrigation;
third, 6 early months-7 middle of the month: applying the preparation for controlling flower No. 3 once every 10 days, spraying the preparation according to 100 and 150 ml/plant according to the size of the tree body, and irrigating 50-100 ml/plant;
and (5) withering the white magnolia flowers which are opened for the second time at the bottom of four and 7 months.
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