CN111972227A - Method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil - Google Patents
Method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111972227A CN111972227A CN202010676623.6A CN202010676623A CN111972227A CN 111972227 A CN111972227 A CN 111972227A CN 202010676623 A CN202010676623 A CN 202010676623A CN 111972227 A CN111972227 A CN 111972227A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil, which comprises the steps of seedling base cultivation, growth management, seedbed inoculation and rapid propagation cutting propagation seedling culture, field transplantation, field fertilization management, harvesting and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil.
Background
Polygonum capitatum, a creeping herb, grows for many years. The stem is bushy, the base is lignified, the node takes root, the internode is shorter than the leaf, the branch is multi-branched, the glandular hair is sparse or nearly hairless, the annual branch is nearly upright, the branch has longitudinal edges, the glandular hair is sparse, the leaf is oval or elliptical, the tip is pointed, the base is wedge-shaped, the length is 1.5-3 cm, the width is 1-2.5 cm, the whole edge has the glandular hair, the two sides have the glandular hair, and the upper part sometimes has dark brown crescent spots.
The forage grass is soft in plants, good in palatability and rich in nutrition, cattle, horses and sheep like to eat, and after being cooked and fermented, pigs like to eat the forage grass, so that the forage grass is one of excellent forage grass. Other uses of the polygonum capitatum herb are used as medicines, have the functions of clearing heat, cooling blood and promoting urination, and can be used for treating diseases such as dysentery, pyelonephritis, lithangiuria, cystitis, pelvic inflammation, prostatitis, pyocutaneous disease and eczema. The seeds can be used for oil extraction and are good honey source plants.
At present, polygonum capitatum is widely planted, due to different soil, gas and water source qualities, the medicinal components of polygonum capitatum are uneven, and particularly, polygonum capitatum plants planted in the presence of soil pollution contain Chinese medicinal materials which absorb heavy metal residues and are used as medicines for all stems and leaves, so that the health of people is directly influenced. In addition, the straws without corns are discarded in the ground in the rural areas at present and then burnt into ash by fire, thereby not only polluting the environment, but also having no effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil, which reduces the content of harmful substances in the polygonum capitatum and improves the yield.
The invention relates to a method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1-1.2m, the depth of a ditch is 23-25cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, vermiculite and humus are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1, then the vermiculite soil is mixed with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, the dosage is based on the thickness of 8-10cm for covering the seedling bed, after the covering is finished, the seedling bed is watered thoroughly, and after 24 hours, the seedling bed is watered thoroughly; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in the last ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach 9-10 leaves in number and 9-11cm in plant height, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the inter-seedling weeds, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to 8-9 true leaves and the height of the seedling is 11-13cm, opening the greenhouse for ventilation and hardening the seedling for 5-7 days, taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding a base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and a biological base fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:1-2 into a planting hole as a base fertilizer, wherein the thickness is 3-5cm, the seedlings are placed into the holes, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can not be carried out when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering the roots of the seedlings after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the seedlings reach 11000 plus 12000 plants per mu;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1-2cm, mixing a leavening agent and rapeseed cakes according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.2:0.5-0.7 to prepare a mixed leavening agent, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed leavening agent and the corn straw particles according to the weight ratio of 2.4-2.6:0.9-1.1, and fermenting at normal temperature for 12-16 days to prepare the biological base fertilizer;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
The method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps of (4): the method comprises the steps of crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1-2cm, directly stacking and fermenting the corn straw particles, directly spraying water by a sprayer every 10-12cm to enable the water content of the corn straw particles to be 50-60%, covering a layer of 20-24cm fine soil, stacking sequentially to 0.8-1.2m, stopping the permeation of water from the top layer to the bottom in the 10 th day of stacking and fermenting, and naturally fermenting for 60-70 days to obtain the bio-based fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the method has obvious beneficial effects, and the scheme shows that the method fully applies the burnt underground straws by recycling the waste, prepares corn and orange straws into particles, ferments the particles to prepare the biological base fertilizer, mixes the biological base fertilizer with vermiculite, applies the biological base fertilizer as the base fertilizer before transplanting polygonum capitatum, prepares the biological base fertilizer after preparing the particles, mixes the biological base fertilizer with the vermiculite, applies the biological base fertilizer as the base fertilizer before transplanting polygonum capitatum, fully decomposes phosphorus and potassium in the soil to the growth of polygonum capitatum plants, cleans and reduces the pollution in the soil, achieves the good result of removing and absorbing harmful heavy metals by medicinal polygonum capitatum stems and leaves, correctly and effectively transplants the field, manages the field fertilization and collects the plants, ensures that the plants are not damaged in each stage and have proper and sufficient nutrition, and can collect 658kg of dry product per mu by adopting the yield increasing cultivation method for polygonum capitatum provided by the invention, the yield increasing effect is obvious. The method has the advantages of rapid rooting and growth of seedbeds in seedling stage, high survival rate of transplanted field, multiple stems, multiple branches, strong branching force, good growth vigor and stable yield and character through growth observation and determination. The harvested and dried polygonum capitatum product has the measured flavone content of 1.57-1.59%, the measured gallic acid content of 2.65-2.7%, the measured quercetin content of 0.31-0.34%, and no harmful heavy metal content such as mercury, manganese, etc. Has the characteristics of improving the purity and the quality of the polygonum capitatum, realizing high and stable yield and being easy to popularize.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1.2m, the depth of a ditch is 23cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, mixing vermiculite and humus soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, mixing the vermiculite soil with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, taking the thickness of 10cm for covering the seedling bed as a standard, watering the seedling bed thoroughly after covering, and watering thoroughly after 24 hours; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in the last ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach 9 leaves in number and the plant height is 11cm, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the weeds among seedlings, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to 8 true leaves and the height of the seedling is 13cm, opening a greenhouse, ventilating and hardening the seedling for 5 days, and taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and biological base fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:2 into a planting hole as base fertilizer, the thickness is 3cm, the seedlings are placed into the hole, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can be omitted when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering root fixing water after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the seedlings reach 12000 plants per mu;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1cm, mixing a leavening agent and rapeseed cakes according to the weight ratio of 1.2:0.5 to prepare a mixed leavening agent, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed leavening agent and the corn straw particles according to the weight ratio of 2.6:0.9, and fermenting at normal temperature for 16 days to prepare the biological base fertilizer;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1.1m, the depth of a ditch is 24cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, mixing vermiculite and humus soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, mixing the vermiculite soil with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, taking the thickness of the seedling bed covering 9cm as a standard, watering the seedling bed thoroughly after covering, and watering thoroughly after 24 hours; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach the number of leaves of 10 and the plant height is 10cm, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the weeds among seedlings, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to 8-9 true leaves and the height of the seedling is 12cm, opening the greenhouse to ventilate and harden the seedling for 5-7 days, and taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and biological base fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5 into a planting hole as base fertilizer, wherein the thickness is 45cm, the seedlings are placed into the hole, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can be omitted when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering root fixing water after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the seedlings reach 11500 per mu;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1.5cm, mixing a leavening agent and rapeseed cakes according to the weight ratio of 1:0.6 to prepare a mixed leavening agent, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed leavening agent and the corn straw particles according to the weight ratio of 2.5:4, and fermenting at normal temperature for 15 days to prepare the biological base fertilizer;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1m, the depth of a ditch is 25cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, mixing vermiculite and humus soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, mixing the vermiculite soil with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, taking the thickness of 8cm for covering the seedling bed as a standard, watering the seedling bed thoroughly after covering, and watering thoroughly after 24 hours; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach the number of leaves of 10 and the plant height is 9cm, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the weeds among seedlings, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to have 9 leaves and the height of the seedling is 11cm, opening the greenhouse to ventilate and harden the seedling for 7 days, and taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and biological base fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:1 into a planting hole as base fertilizer, the thickness is 5cm, the seedlings are placed into the hole, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can be omitted when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering root fixing water after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the number of the seedlings per mu reaches 11000;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 2cm, mixing a leavening agent and rapeseed cakes according to the weight ratio of 0.8:0.7 to prepare a mixed leavening agent, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed leavening agent and the corn straw particles according to the weight ratio of 2.4:1.1, and fermenting at normal temperature for 12 days to prepare the biological base fertilizer;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
Example 4
A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1.2m, the depth of a ditch is 23cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, mixing vermiculite and humus soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, mixing the vermiculite soil with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, taking the thickness of 10cm for covering the seedling bed as a standard, watering the seedling bed thoroughly after covering, and watering thoroughly after 24 hours; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in the last ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach 9 leaves in number and the plant height is 11cm, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the weeds among seedlings, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to 8 true leaves and the height of the seedling is 13cm, opening a greenhouse, ventilating and hardening the seedling for 5 days, and taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and biological base fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:2 into a planting hole as base fertilizer, the thickness is 3cm, the seedlings are placed into the hole, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can be omitted when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering root fixing water after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the seedlings reach 12000 plants per mu;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer can also comprise the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1cm, directly stacking and fermenting the corn straw particles, directly spraying water by a sprayer in every 12cm layer to enable the water content of the corn straw particles to be 50%, covering a layer of 24cm fine soil, and sequentially stacking to 0.8m, wherein the stacking and fermenting are stopped from the top layer to the bottom after the water penetrates once in the top layer in the 10 th day, and the biological base fertilizer is prepared after the natural fermentation is carried out for 70 days;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
Example 5
A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1.1m, the depth of a ditch is 24cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, mixing vermiculite and humus soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, mixing the vermiculite soil with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, taking the thickness of the seedling bed covering 9cm as a standard, watering the seedling bed thoroughly after covering, and watering thoroughly after 24 hours; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach the number of leaves of 10 and the plant height is 10cm, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the weeds among seedlings, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to 8-9 true leaves and the height of the seedling is 12cm, opening the greenhouse to ventilate and harden the seedling for 5-7 days, and taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and biological base fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:1.5 into a planting hole as base fertilizer, wherein the thickness is 45cm, the seedlings are placed into the hole, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can be omitted when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering root fixing water after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the seedlings reach 11500 per mu;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer can also comprise the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1.5cm, directly stacking and fermenting the corn straw particles, directly spraying water by a sprayer every 11cm to enable the water content of the corn straw particles to be 50-60%, covering a layer of 22cm fine soil, stacking according to the height of the stacking to 1m, stopping the water spraying from the top layer to the bottom in the 10 th day of stacking and fermenting, and naturally fermenting for 65 days to obtain the bio-based fertilizer;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
Example 6
A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1m, the depth of a ditch is 25cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, mixing vermiculite and humus soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, mixing the vermiculite soil with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, taking the thickness of 8cm for covering the seedling bed as a standard, watering the seedling bed thoroughly after covering, and watering thoroughly after 24 hours; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach the number of leaves of 10 and the plant height is 9cm, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the weeds among seedlings, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to have 9 leaves and the height of the seedling is 11cm, opening the greenhouse to ventilate and harden the seedling for 7 days, and taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and biological base fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:1 into a planting hole as base fertilizer, the thickness is 5cm, the seedlings are placed into the hole, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can be omitted when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering root fixing water after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the number of the seedlings per mu reaches 11000;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer can also comprise the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 2cm, directly stacking and fermenting the corn straw particles, directly spraying water by a sprayer in every 10cm layer to enable the water content of the corn straw particles to be 60%, covering a layer of 20cm fine soil, and sequentially stacking to 1.2m, wherein the top layer water penetrates to the bottom after 10 days of stacking and fermenting, and the biological base fertilizer is prepared after 60 days of natural fermentation;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling base cultivation:
selecting domesticated fine seeds, raising seedlings by using a greenhouse seedbed, and sowing in the first to middle ten days of Yuanyue;
arranging a seedling bed in a greenhouse, wherein the width of the seedling bed is 1-1.2m, the depth of a ditch is 23-25cm, the length of the seedling bed is parallel to that of the greenhouse, the surface soil of the seedling bed is finely crushed, vermiculite and humus are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1, then the vermiculite soil is mixed with a compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:100, the dosage is based on the thickness of 8-10cm for covering the seedling bed, after the covering is finished, the seedling bed is watered thoroughly, and after 24 hours, the seedling bed is watered thoroughly; after the seedbed is fully permeated by water, sowing is started, 2 g of seeds per square meter are mixed with 500 g of fine soil, the mixture is uniformly sowed on the compartment surface, and a small arched shed on the seedbed is covered with a film for heat preservation and moisture preservation after the sowing;
(2) and (3) growth management:
in the last ten days of 3 months, when polygonum capitatum seedlings reach 9-10 leaves in number and 9-11cm in plant height, uncovering a small arched shed film, slightly pulling out the inter-seedling weeds, spraying water to preserve moisture, and after the seedlings grow for one week, starting cutting seedling of seedbed stem nodes;
(3) inoculating, quickly propagating, cutting, propagating and raising seedlings on a seedbed:
preparing soil for the seedbed to be used in the greenhouse by adopting the method in the step (1), preparing soil, after covering, watering the surface of the seedbed compartment thoroughly, and spraying the rooting powder solution with the concentration of 1:500ppm thoroughly after 24 hours; cutting each stem node of Polygonum capitatum seedlings, cutting and planting one segment of leaves and one bud in soil at intervals of 2cm multiplied by 3cm, keeping the leaves and the stems exposed, and immediately keeping the temperature and the moisture of a small arched shed cover film after cutting is finished; when the plant grows to 8-9 true leaves and the height of the seedling is 11-13cm, opening the greenhouse for ventilation and hardening the seedling for 5-7 days, taking the seedling and transplanting the seedling to a field;
(4) transplanting in a field:
spraying water on a seedbed when seedlings are taken, flatly placing the seedlings by using a bamboo basket, carrying out bamboo chip lifting on every two layers, not extruding and transplanting the seedlings into a field, digging the field with fine soil, wherein the planting density is 20cm multiplied by 30cm per hole, adding a base fertilizer which is formed by mixing vermiculite and a biological base fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:1-2 into a planting hole as a base fertilizer, wherein the thickness is 3-5cm, the seedlings are placed into the holes, slightly pressing the soil to be solid, watering can not be carried out when the seedlings are planted in rainy days, immediately watering the roots of the seedlings after the seedlings are planted in sunny days, and ensuring that the seedlings reach 11000 plus 12000 plants per mu;
the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1-2cm, mixing a leavening agent and rapeseed cakes according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.2:0.5-0.7 to prepare a mixed leavening agent, uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed leavening agent and the corn straw particles according to the weight ratio of 2.4-2.6:0.9-1.1, and fermenting at normal temperature for 12-16 days to prepare the biological base fertilizer;
(5) and (3) field fertilization management:
after transplanting, intertilling and weeding before closing the row, and applying 10 kg of urea, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate and 1000 kg of water to each mu of land; after row closing, 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate is sprayed in the bud period, the dosage per mu is 0.65 kg, and 40 kg of water is added;
(6) harvesting:
harvesting polygonum capitatum from the first ten days of 9 months, harvesting in sunny days in the harvesting period, and airing on the spot; harvesting, cutting from the base of the stem without leaving old stem, drying in the sun, shaking off soil and weeds, bundling and packaging, transporting into a warehouse for sale, and if harvesting in rainy days, spreading indoors and drying to water content below 12% or drying in a drying room to obtain the finished product.
2. The method for planting polygonum capitatum in pollution-free soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the biological base fertilizer in step (4) comprises: the method comprises the steps of crushing corn straws into particles with the length of 1-2cm, directly stacking and fermenting the corn straw particles, directly spraying water by a sprayer every 10-12cm to enable the water content of the corn straw particles to be 50-60%, covering a layer of 20-24cm fine soil, stacking sequentially to 0.8-1.2m, stopping the permeation of water from the top layer to the bottom in the 10 th day of stacking and fermenting, and naturally fermenting for 60-70 days to obtain the bio-based fertilizer.
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