CN1117751A - 一种改进的以液化天然气为燃料的联合循环发电设备 - Google Patents

一种改进的以液化天然气为燃料的联合循环发电设备 Download PDF

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CN1117751A
CN1117751A CN94191148A CN94191148A CN1117751A CN 1117751 A CN1117751 A CN 1117751A CN 94191148 A CN94191148 A CN 94191148A CN 94191148 A CN94191148 A CN 94191148A CN 1117751 A CN1117751 A CN 1117751A
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turbine
waste
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lng
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保罗·C·约翰逊
A·埃德温·图姆斯
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04Recovery of thermal energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0316Water heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05Regasification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/07Generating electrical power as side effect
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00Applications
    • F17C2270/05Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/0581Power plants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

一种提高联合循环发电设备的方法和系统。LNG供给系统向联合循环设备供给燃料。燃烧室内气化后的LNG与来自空气压缩机的空气混合,以便为燃气轮机提供热燃气。使用正膨胀的LNG冷却一次换热流体,例如水,一次换热流体冷却和浓化空气压缩机的进气。然后用一次换热流体冷凝从汽轮机中排出的废蒸汽。随后使一次换热流体再冷却和再循环,再来冷却和浓化进气。

Description

一种改进的以液化天然气为燃 料的联合循环发电设备
一种使用液化天燃气(“LNG”)与联合循环发电设备相结合来冷却用以冷却和浓化燃气轮机进气的换热流体并冷凝来自汽轮机的废热的方法及系统。再气化后的LNG用作燃气轮机的燃料并可有选择地分配到其它发电设备和天然气分配系统。
现有技术用一废热锅炉来扩展一燃气轮机设备并把该燃气轮机设备与一汽轮机相结合。该燃气轮机和汽轮机各自驱动本身的发电机或通过一共用轴共同驱动一单个发电机。这些联合设备称之为联合循环设备,一般具有优良的转换效率,其转换效率的数量级在50-52%范围内。这种高效率源于把燃气轮机与至少一汽轮机回路相结合。燃气轮机的废气流经废热锅炉并利用这些废气的余热潜能生产用以供给汽轮机所需的蒸汽。在联合循环设备中,LNG用作燃烧能源。
通常要把LNG作为低温液体装入特殊容器中进行海运。在到达接收地时,该低温液体大致处于大气压状态,温度约为-160℃,必须再气化并以环境温度和适当高压(一般达到80个大气压)输给分配系统。将该液体泵压到所需的压力,以便在补充热量和对其再气化时不需压缩作为产品的天然气。
尽管有人已提出许多建议并建造了利用LNG的大量蕴藏冷量(cold potential)的设备,但在大多数接收地这些蕴藏冷量被浪费掉。为避免结冰,不得不用大量海水对LNG直接进行加热。
例如在发明人为门准(Mandrin)等的美国专利US3,978,663中公开了一种利用液态冷却剂冷却进气来提高燃气轮机效率的方法。对进入燃气轮机的吸气部分的空气进行过滤并利用热交换器使其冷却。在流经热交换器时,如氟利昂之类的冷却剂从空气中吸收热量以使LNG气化。在热交换器中利用混合装置作为防止结冰堵塞装置,甲醇被引入空气中,并在收集装置中予以分离,利用废热来蒸发从甲醇和水混合物中分离出的水份。在上述美国专利之后,门准的另一美国专利US4,036,028中公开了与开式循环燃气轮机系统相结合使用复合工作流体的技术。通过热交换器和一种氟利昂载流体(afreon carrier fluid)利用过冷的LNG从进气中吸取热量。注入甲醇之类的防冻液以防止在热交换器内结冰。该文献公开了一种与压缩机串联布置的汽轮机。
在库伊(Kooy)等人的美国专利US4,995,234中也公开了一种发电系统。该专利公开了冷却燃气轮机的进气、通过与冷凝的二氧化碳相互换热来加热LNG、以及利用燃气轮机排气系统来加热用于驱动一气轮机(a gas turbine)的物质。
与之相类似,在诺萨瓦(Nozawa)的美国专利US4,330,998、4,429,536和4,422,298中公开了一种液化天燃气作致冷剂的发电系统。一般说来,这些专利技术要求供给氟利昂并予以压缩和加热。然后压缩/加热后的氟利昂用于驱动高压汽轮机。在热交换器中受氮气和/或LNG的气流冷却之前,氟利昂再次受到加热并通进一低压汽轮机。
在伍利(Woolley)的美国专利US3,605,405和凯勒(Keller)等的美国专利US4,953,479中公开了燃气与蒸汽联合发电设备。凯勒的文献着重公开将甲醇应用于使用燃气轮机和汽轮机系统中的联合循环发电设备,而在该系统中,利用来自燃气轮机的排气生产驱动汽轮机的蒸汽。然后对废蒸汽予以冷凝并再由排气系统予以加热。
前述的或其它利用LNG的发电系统都没有提出如何达到燃汽轮机的最高效率和最大容量的问题,尤其是这些文献都没有给出在暧热气候(当气温最高时出现峰值电耗)下达到燃气轮机的最高效率和最大容量的方案。燃气轮机的效率和功率通常随着温度的升高而降低。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于发电和从LNG之类的液化低温物质生成气态碳氢化合物的联合发电系统。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种采用如LNG之类的液化低温物质来浓化(通过降低空气温度)进气以在较热气候下使燃气轮机的效率和功率达到最大值的联合发电系统。
总的来说,本发明实现了一种系统和方法,特别是在环境温度超过60°F时,该系统和方法能将联合循环设备的容量提高9%,效率提高约2%。LNG燃料供给系统与联合循环设备结合在一起使用。联合循环设备包括一套燃气轮机设备、一废热锅炉和一套汽轮机设备。在LNG燃料供给系统中,一次换热流体受到冷却,然后在燃气轮机的工作过程中利用该流体来冷却和浓化燃气轮机的进气。该一次换热流体也应用于汽轮机的工作过程来冷凝来自汽轮机的废蒸汽。最后,一次换热流体再循环到LNG燃料供给系统,使该流体在其中再次冷却。一次换热流体流过一个闭合回路,一面冷却和浓化进气,一面冷凝从汽轮机中排出的蒸汽,并且在LNG燃料供给系统中再次将其冷却。
LNG燃料供给系统包括LNG供给线、一再气化器和一冷却器。在LNG燃烧供给系统中,二次换热流体流过一个闭合回路。二次换热流体与在其中将LNG转换成天然气的再气化器和在其中冷却一次换热流体的冷却器处于热交换关系。将一部分天然气用作燃气轮机设备中的燃烧室的燃料。在气化器内二次换热流体由正在膨胀的LNG来冷却,并且在冷却器中该二次换热流体冷却一次换热流体。LNG在不使用昂贵的海水气化器和/或不使用热源燃料的情况下再气化。
在本发明的优选实施例中,一次换热流体,即水流经LNG燃料供给系统内的水冷却器(热交换器)。二次换热流体,即水/乙二醇混合物冷却一次换热流体,然后一次换热流体流到燃气轮机设备的热交换器内。以再气化后的LNG为燃料的燃气轮机设备驱动一发电机。燃气轮机设备有一进气通道、一热交换器、一水分离器、一空气压缩机、一燃烧室、一燃气轮机和一排气通道。热交换器位于进气通道内。一次换热流体流经热交换器并为浓化和冷却流向空气压缩机的进气流提供冷却后的致冷剂流。
废热锅炉位于燃气轮机排气通道的下游并与该排气通道相连通。燃气轮机的废气把流经该锅炉的水流转换成高压蒸汽。
汽轮机设备包括一汽轮机和一废蒸汽冷却器。来自锅炉中的高压蒸汽用于驱动汽轮机,来自该汽轮机中的废蒸汽流入一个冷凝器中。一次换热流体流经该冷凝器并冷凝废蒸汽。然后一次换热流体返回并流经LNG燃料供给系统中的冷却器。
附图是体现一本发明的系统的工作流程图。
参照附图,本发明的系统包括一液化天然气(LNG)燃料供给系统8和一联合循环发电站设备,该设备又包括一套燃气轮机设备10、一套汽轮机设备40和一设在这两套设备之间的废热锅炉36。图中未示出用于换热流体的循环泵。
LNG燃料供给系统8包括一燃料贮存罐12、一泵14、一再气化器16和一冷却器(热交换器)18。闭合回路20用来使水/乙二醇混合物在再气化器16和冷却器18之间流动沟通。天然气从再气化器16流到燃气轮机设备10和其它发电设备和/或一天然气分配系统。燃气轮机设备包括一进气通道22、一容纳在进气通道内的热交换器24和位于一空气压缩机28上游的一下游水和颗粒过滤器26。
来自LNG燃料供应系统8中冷却器18的水流经热交换器24。进气流过该热交换器并被冷却和浓化。经冷却和浓化的空气流入空气压缩机28。
燃烧室30接收来自空气压缩机28的进气并将进气与来自再气化器16的天然气混合,然后把热燃气送给燃气轮机32。
燃气驱动燃气轮机32及一联装的发电机34。空气压缩机28、燃气轮机32和发电机34最好安装在同一驱动轴上。
来自燃气轮机32的废气排放到废热锅炉36,在此水流经一盘管38并转换成高压蒸汽。
汽轮机设备40包括带有一联装的发电机44的一汽轮机42,汽轮机42和发电机44最好都安装在同一驱动轴上。另外,一更大的单台发电机也可安装在与燃气轮机和汽轮机一共用的轴上。汽轮机42的下游设有一冷凝器46,一次换热流体流经该冷凝器。提供一备用冷凝器48,以防LNG燃料供给系统脱机或不能满足所需冷却负荷。冷凝器46冷凝汽轮机42的排放(废汽),该排放返回废热锅炉36再循环。一次换热流体流回到冷却器18。
在本优选实施例中,一次流体和二次流体各处在一闭合回路内。在联合循环设备内,水用作在LNG燃料供给系统与联合循环设备之间的一次换热流体。水总是保持在冰点以上,并在必要时对水进行处理以抑制腐蚀。
如果LNG再气化器不在运行,则通过提供充足的外部冷却水来应付总冷凝负荷可使联合循环设备脱开LNG再气化器而工作。如果联合循环设备不在运行,则通过提供外部备用加热器来加热循环水可使LNG再气化器脱离联合循环设备而工作。
使用如水/乙二醇之类的二次换热流体,是为了在LNG燃料供给系统中避免出现使纯水结冰的可能性。在联合循环设备中加热到90°F或更高温度的水是用来把二次流体加热到足以使LNG再气化的某一温度,例如在70°F。上述水又被二次流体冷却到较低温度,例如35°F,并返回到联合循环设备来预冷燃气轮机的助燃空气。
LNG再气化系统内的再气化器16和冷却器18(热交换器)处于逆流热交换关系并采用25°F的最小接近温度。冷端的壁温略低于32°F,薄层冰会使热传导系数减小到能使冰外侧的温度升高到32°F的程度。
冷却器18的温度如下:
入口水                          95°F(来自给凝器46)
出口水/乙二醇                   70°F(95-25)
出口水                          35°F(流向热交换器24)
入口水/乙二醇                   10°F(35-25)
LNG再气化器16的温度如下:
入口水/乙二醇               70°F(来自水冷却器18)
出口天然气                  45°F(70-25)
出口水/乙二醇               10°F(流向水冷却器18)
冷却器18出口水温是通过调节出口水流上的控制阀(未示出)来控制的,从而,随着可获得的制冷量减小,即LNG流量减小,则降低水流量。入口水温由联合循环设备控制。
LNG燃料供给系统可提供大制冷量,用于联合循环设备的冷却及内部冷却。相反,联合循环设备可向LNG燃料供给系统提供大量的热,同时又不降低联合循环设备的性能。在联合循环设备与LNG燃料供给系统之间循环的水使此成为可能。在上述的低温状态下,二次流体使采用水成为可能。
来自联合循环设备中的热水流入一起“飞轮”(fly-wheel)作用的大罐50内,而热水从该罐中泵入冷却器18。该热水也可用于其它需要如95°F或温度更低的“低品位”热能之处。可利用备用加热器(未示出)来保持足够的水温,以便在从联合循环设备得不到热能时提供所需的热能。
在冷却器18中冷却的水主要用于为燃气轮机32预冷助燃空气。冷却过的水也可用于向各种设备提供冷量,包括需要如35°F或温度更高的“低品位”制冷量之处。在蒸汽冷凝器中可全部吸收多余制冷量。
上述描述只限于本发明的一特定实施例。但是很显然,本发明可以有各种变化和改型,以获得本发明的某些或全部优越性。因此,本申请的权利要求包括了所有属于本发明的实质和范围内的变化和改型。

Claims (17)

1、一种用于提高联合循环设备的容量和效率的方法,它包括:
使LNG再气化而转化为天然气;
通过使一次换热流体与二次换热流体处于热交换关系来冷却所述一次换热流体,所述二次换热流体由LNG向天然气的转换过程予以冷却;
冷却后的一次换热流体流经一热交换区,一空气压缩机的进气流过该区而冷却和浓化该进气;
一次换热流体随后流过一冷凝器来冷凝来自一高压汽轮机的废蒸汽;以及
然后再使一次换热流体与二次换热流体进行热交换。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法,包括:
在该空气压缩机内压缩经冷却和浓化的空气;
在一燃烧室内使再气化过的LNG与压缩空气混合而形成热燃气;
将热燃气输送到一燃气轮机以驱动该燃气轮机;以及
将废气从该燃气轮机中排出。
3、按照权利要求2所述的方法,包括:
使来自燃气轮机中的废气流到一废热锅炉;
让一种液体流过废热锅炉;
让该废气与该液体进行热交换,使该液体转换成高压蒸汽;以及
从该废热锅炉中排出高压蒸汽。
4、按照权利要求3所述的方法,包括:
使高压蒸气流到一汽轮机;
从该汽轮机中排出废蒸汽;
冷凝废蒸汽,用一次换热流体形成冷凝水;
使一次换热流体与废蒸汽进行热交换而形成冷凝液;
然后通过使一次换热流体与二次流体进行热交换来冷却一次换热流体。
5、按照权利要求1所述的方法,包括:
将联合循环设备的容量提高9%。
6、按照权利要求1或5所述的方法,包括:
将联合循环设备的效率提高大约2%。
7、一种提高联合循环设备的容量和效率的方法,该联合循环设备包括一套燃气轮机设备、一废热锅炉、一套汽轮机设备和一套LNG供给系统,该LNG供给系统包括互相处于热交换关系的一再气化器和一冷却器,该方法包括:
在该气化器中将LNG再气化,使之转变成天然气;
使一次换热流体流经冷却器;
使二次换热流体在气化器与冷却器之间流动,来控制LNG的气化及一次换热流体的冷却;
使气化后的LNG流到燃气轮机设备内的一燃烧室;
使冷却后的一次换热流体流经一热交换区,燃气轮机设备中的空气压缩机的进气流过该区,一次换热流体冷却和浓化该进气;
从空气压缩机中排出空气并使空气与燃烧室内的气化后的LNG混合而产生热燃气;
使热燃气流到燃气轮机设备中的燃气轮机,以驱动该燃气轮机;
从燃气轮机中排出热废气并使其流到废热锅炉;
将流经废热锅炉的液体转换成蒸汽并排出所述蒸汽;
使排出的蒸汽流流到汽轮机设备中的一汽轮机来驱动该汽轮机并形成废蒸汽;
使废蒸汽流经一冷凝器;
使来自空气压缩机上游处的热交换区的一次换热流体流经该冷凝器来冷凝该废蒸汽;以及
使一次换热流体从该冷凝中流到LNG供给系统中的冷却器。
8、按照权利要求7所述的方法,包括:
使一次换热流体与前述进气进行间接热交换。
9、按照权利要求7所述的方法,其中一次换热流体是水。
10、按照权利要求9所述的方法,其中冷却器的入口水温约为95°F,冷却器的出口水温约为35°F。
11、按照权利要求7所述的方法,其中二次换热流体为水/乙二醇混合物。
12、按照权利要求11所述的方法,其中水/乙二醇混合物进入气化器的入口温度约为70°F,流出气化器的出口温度约为10°F。
13、按照权利要求11所述的方法,其中水/乙二醇进入冷却器的入口温度约为70°F,水/乙二醇混合物流出冷却器的出口温度约为10°F,天然气流出冷却器的出口温度约为45°F。
14、按照权利要求7所述的方法,包括:
将联合循环设备的容量提高9%。
15、按照权利要求7所述的方法,包括:
将联合循环设备的效率提高大约2%。
16、一种LNG联合循环设备系统,包括:
一套LNG燃料供给系统,它包括:
一LNG源;
一与LNG源流体相通的再气化器;
一与再气化器处于热交换关系的冷却器;
使二次换热流体在再气化器和冷却器之间流动来冷却一次换热流体的装置;
一空气压缩机;
一处在所述空气压缩机上游的进气通道;
一与进气系统处于热交换关系的第二热交换器;
使一次换热流体流经该热交换器来冷却和浓化流过该空气通道并进入压缩机的进气;
一燃气轮机;
一设置在空气压缩机与燃气轮机之间的燃烧室,该燃烧室提供驱动燃气轮机的能量;
一与燃气轮机联装的发电机;以及将燃气从燃气轮机中排出的装置;
一个处在燃气轮机下游的废热锅炉,它包括:
将废气从燃气轮机引入该废气锅炉的装置;
产生高压流的装置;以及
将高压流从废热锅炉中排出的装置;
一套汽轮机设备,它包括:
一处在废热锅炉下游并适合从其中接收高压流的汽轮机;
一与汽轮机联装并由其驱动的发电机;
一冷凝从汽轮机排出的废蒸汽的冷凝器,一次换热流体流经该冷凝器;
使冷凝液再循环到废热锅炉的装置;以及
使一次换热流体从该冷凝器流到冷却器的装置。
17、按照权利要求16所述的系统,包括:
使一次换热流体与进气之间处于间接热交换关系的装置。
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CN113864060B (zh) * 2021-10-29 2024-06-07 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种lng电站联合循环机组进气温度调节系统及方法

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US5457951A (en) 1995-10-17
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EP0683847A1 (en) 1995-11-29
ES2121608T3 (es) 1998-12-01
EP0683847B1 (en) 1998-08-12
KR100370910B1 (ko) 2003-03-31
AU7873494A (en) 1995-06-27
WO1995016105A1 (en) 1995-06-15
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