JP2006501433A - 二酸化炭素排出量を減少させた冷媒圧縮用の動力及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の電力を提供するための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
二酸化炭素排出量を減少させた冷媒圧縮用の動力及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の電力を提供するための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
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- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
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- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、二酸化炭素排出量を減少させた冷媒圧縮用の動力及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の共用電力を提供するためのシステムをさらに含む。
図の議論において、用語「軽質炭化水素ガス」及び「天然ガス」はいくつかの例において互換的に用いられる。最も頻繁に液化される軽質炭化水素ガスは、天然ガスであり、典型的には液化された天然ガスは主としてメタンである。これは、液化された天然ガス流の一部としてよりも別個の流としてより高い価値を有するであろうより重い炭化水素類の除去の結果であり、さらには、パイプラインの仕様が、多量のより重い炭化水素類を含む液化天然ガスにより提供されるよりも低い発熱量をしばしば必要とするからである。
本発明の方法によれば、軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスは、タービンにより賦活された冷媒圧縮機で冷媒を圧縮することにより圧縮冷媒を提供し、タービンは高められた温度にて排ガス流を発生し、次いで、排ガス流を用いて適切な圧力にある蒸気を発生させ、蒸気で発電機を駆動させて、軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の電力を発生させる。
Claims (20)
- 二酸化炭素排出量を減少させた冷媒圧縮用の動力及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の共用電力を提供する方法であって、
(a)少なくとも1個の軽質炭化水素ガス燃焼型タービンにより少なくとも部分的に駆動される冷媒圧縮機内で冷媒を圧縮して、圧縮冷媒を生じさせ、該タービンは高められた温度にて排ガス流を生じさせる工程と;
(b)該排ガス流との熱交換により、高められた温度及び圧力にて、水もしくは低圧蒸気から蒸気を生じさせる工程と;
(c)工程(b)からの蒸気で蒸気タービンを駆動して、機械的力を発生させる工程と;
(d)工程(c)からの機械的力で発電機を駆動して、軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスで用いるための電力を発生させる工程と;
を含む方法。 - 複数の冷媒圧縮機及びタービンを用いる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記タービンは圧縮空気流及び軽質炭化水素ガス流を燃料とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記空気流及び軽質炭化水素ガス流を燃焼させて、前記タービンを駆動する高温高圧ガス流を発生させる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記圧縮空気流は、軸流圧縮機又は遠心圧縮機により発生する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記電力は、軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の電力供給網で用いられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記タービンは、タービンに結合されている始動/補助電気モーターにより部分的に駆動される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記冷媒圧縮機は、軸流圧縮機又は遠心圧縮機である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスからの二酸化炭素排出量は、排ガス流を他の目的に用い且つ化石燃料の燃焼により発生する電力を電力供給網用の主要電力源として用いる同等のプラントと比較して、最大約60%減少する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 軽質炭化水素ガスは天然ガスである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 酸性ガスの少なくとも一部及びおよそC3よりも重い炭化水素ガスの少なくとも一部は、天然ガスから除かれている、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 二酸化炭素排出量を減少させた冷媒圧縮用の動力及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の共用電力を提供する方法であって、
(a)少なくとも1個の軽質炭化水素ガス燃焼型タービンにより少なくとも部分的に駆動される冷媒圧縮機内で冷媒を圧縮して、圧縮冷媒を生じさせ、該タービンは高められた温度にて排ガス流を生じさせる工程と;
(b)該排ガス流との熱交換により、高められた温度及び圧力にて、水もしくは低圧蒸気から蒸気を生じさせる工程と;
(c)工程(b)からの蒸気で蒸気タービンを駆動して、機械的力を発生させる工程と;
(d)工程(c)からの機械的力で発電機を駆動して、軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスで用いるための電力を発生させる工程と;
から本質的になる方法。 - 二酸化炭素排出量を減少させた冷媒圧縮用の動力及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセス用の共用電力を提供するシステムであって、
(a)低圧気体状冷媒の入口及び増加した圧力の冷媒の出口を有し、高温排ガスの出口を有する軽質炭化水素ガス燃焼型タービンにシャフト連結されている冷媒圧縮機と;
(b)高温排ガスが水もしくは低圧蒸気と熱交換状態で通過して高圧蒸気を発生させるように、水もしくは低圧蒸気入口及び高圧蒸気出口、高温排ガス出口と流体連通している高温排ガス入口、低下した温度の排ガス出口を有する熱交換機と;
(c)高圧蒸気により駆動されて軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスで用いるための電力を提供する発電機と;
(d)増加した圧力の冷媒の出口及び軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスへの圧縮冷媒入口と流体連通しているラインと;
を具備するシステム。 - 前記システムは、複数の圧縮機、タービン、熱交換機及び発電機を含む、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 前記タービンは、高圧空気流の入口を含む、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 軸流圧縮機又は遠心圧縮機が前記タービンに連結されていて、高圧空気流を発生させる、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムは、高圧空気流入口及び軽質炭化水素ガス入口を有する燃焼ゾーンを含み、ここで高圧空気流及び軽質炭化水素ガス流が燃焼して高圧ガス流を発生させる、請求項16に記載のシステム。
- 前記低圧気体状の冷媒は、軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスからの冷媒排出口から回収され、低圧気体状の冷媒の入口に通過する、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 軽質炭化水素ガス液化プロセスからの二酸化炭素排出量は、排ガス流が他の目的に用いられ且つ化石燃料燃焼により発生した電力が電力供給網用の主要電力源として用いられる同等のプラントと比較して、最大約60%減少する、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムは、発電機により発生した電力により少なくとも部分的に賦活される電気モーターを有するタービンにシャフト連結されている電気モーターを含む、請求項13に記載のシステム。
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CA2499577C (en) | 2013-02-05 |
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EG25939A (en) | 2012-11-05 |
US7243510B2 (en) | 2007-07-17 |
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