CN111466216A - Multi-branch inarching one-time forming method for intercropping transformation of sealed apple orchard - Google Patents
Multi-branch inarching one-time forming method for intercropping transformation of sealed apple orchard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-branch inarching one-step forming method for intercropping transformation of a closed apple orchard, which adopts interlaced intercutting for an arbor closed old orchard, adopts the multi-branch inarching one-step forming method to update varieties of the orchard, and performs the same operation on fruit trees which are not subjected to intercropping after three years, thereby effectively solving the transformation problem of the old orchard, relieving the stagnation, gradually realizing the transformation of the varieties into inferior varieties and superior varieties and updating the varieties, ensuring 3-year fruit bearing and 5-year high yield, having low early investment, having less influence on short-term economic benefit, having simple process and being easy to master by fruit growers. The multi-branch inarching one-step forming method mainly comprises the specific steps of collecting scions, storing the scions, processing stocks, inserting the scions on tree stumps, inserting the scions, binding after grafting, managing after grafting and the like, and technological parameter setting, wherein 3-8 branches of the scions are combined into a whole, one-step forming is realized, wind blowing resistance is realized, survival is easy, the cross section does not die, nutrient delivery is fast, fruiting is carried out in 3 years, yield is high in 5 years, and variety upgrading and optimization changing in a short time are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a sealed apple orchard thinning-transformation multi-branch inarching one-time forming method.
Background
The existing closed apple orchard reconstruction technology has approximately 4 modes: firstly, updating the orchard without modification value. Removing the original fruit trees, replacing the land parcels, and building an orchard additionally; or updating on site, removing the original fruit trees, performing appropriate soil treatment according to requirements, building new orchards in the original site, and developing tree species and varieties suitable for various local conditions. The land replacement involves the land adjustment problem, and the difficulty is great; the new fruit growers in the original site have low acceptance, higher investment in the early period and more influence on short-term economic income. And secondly, reasonable thinning is carried out on the old orchard with overlarge planting density. On the basis of the principle that the plants are cut gradually according to the actual situation of the orchard after the row is opened first and the plant is left to be reduced in the order of magnitude, the number of the plants per mu is gradually reduced to a reasonable level. The fruit growers in the method have poor understanding, the problem of closure of the orchard is serious, and part of the fruit growers think that the fruit trees grow vigorously in the positive period, worry about that the yield is influenced after the fruit trees are closely changed and do not want to take thinning measures. And the old orchard is long in age, so that the yield and quality of apples are reduced year by year even if dense modification and sparse modification are completed, and the economic benefit is limited. Thirdly, strengthening reshaping and trimming, and performing tree form transformation. The main aims are to lift the trunk, fall the head and dredge the big branches. The trunk height is increased by drying, the thick and thick bottom branches are thinned, and the bottom light path is opened; the head falling is carried out by adjusting the direction, the angle and other comprehensive measures of the bone trunk branches; the thinning of the big branches refers to that permanent big branches and temporary branches are selected and reserved at the early stage of reconstruction, and redundant auxiliary nourishing branches and transition branches are gradually thinned and removed year by year. The method also treats the symptoms and the root causes, and the economic benefit is difficult to improve due to the old tree. And fourthly, high inoculation and seed change. The high grafting and changing is an important technical measure for changing the superior variety to the crown of the original old variety, updating the variety and promoting early fruiting, early maturity and high yield. The method has high technical requirements, and fruit growers have insufficient mastery on quality, tree form, grafting technology and matching management technology, so that unreasonable tree form and low survival rate are often caused, and the growth of fruit trees and the improvement of economic benefits of farmers are restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the difficult problem of old orchard reconstruction, relieve closing, gradually realize variety reconstruction and change from inferior to superior, variety updating and premature high yield in the whole orchard, and provide a sealed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-step forming method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sealed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-time forming method comprises the following steps: adopting interlaced alternate cutting for a vigorous and closed old orchard, adopting a multi-branch inarching one-step forming method to update the variety of the vigorous and closed old orchard, and after three years, carrying out the same operation on the fruit trees which are not subjected to alternate cutting, wherein the multi-branch inarching one-step forming method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. collecting scions: collecting 3-8 scions after a fruit tree is dormant and before sap flows, wherein 1 scion is a variety scion, the variety scion is collected from the middle upper part of the periphery of a crown of a pure apple tree, a 1-year-old healthy branch with plump bud bodies, full branches and a medulla below 50% and no plant diseases and insect pests is selected, the length is not less than 60cm, the healthy branch without the plant diseases is selected as a nutrient scion for supplying water and nutrients, the length and the thickness of the nutrient scion are both less than those of the variety scion, and a cut is tightly sealed by paint or wax after the scion is collected to prevent bleeding damage;
B. preserving the scions: burying the collected scions in a trench with a shady place below 5 ℃ for storage or filling the scions into a plastic bag with wet sawdust for storage in a cold storage; 2-3 days before grafting, putting the scion at normal temperature to wake up so that the scion sprouts to leave the skin and then grafting;
C. treating the rootstock: before the tree liquid flows in early spring, selecting a part which is 30-50 cm from the ground and smooth in bark to transversely cut the fruit tree, only remaining a tree pile, cutting a saw cut and a cut, and smearing a healing agent;
D. inserting spikes on the stumps: selecting a place with thick and smooth stock bark and smooth texture on the cross section of a tree stump after early spring sap flows, directly cutting downwards along the edge of a xylem, wherein the width of a stock cortex cut is equal to the diameter of a scion and the depth is 2-3cm, pulling the stock cortex cut to uniformly and circumferentially graft each scion on the tree stump by adopting a bark grafting method, and the quantity of the inserted nutritional scions is proper because the cortex between two adjacent scions is not tilted;
E. grafting between the scions: starting from a nutritional scion beside the variety scion, grafting between the nutritional scions and the variety scions by adopting a belly cutting grafting method in sequence, cutting the top end of the grafting scion into an oblique wedge shape during grafting, wherein the long cutting surface is 2-3cm, the short cutting surface is 1-2 cm, selecting a smooth position for the grafted scion, obliquely cutting upwards, adapting the depth, the width and the angle of a cut to the cutting surface of the grafting scion, and then inserting the long cutting surface and the short cutting surface of the grafting scion inwards into the cut of the grafted scion;
F. and (3) binding after grafting: after grafting, firmly binding the cross section of the stump and all grafting openings by using a binding film, and covering soil on the binding film on the cross section of the stump for 5-10 cm;
G. and (3) management after grafting:
selecting a full bud part above the highest grafting opening for stem fixing, timely coring the germinated branch below the highest grafting opening, reserving 3-4 leaves, not being capable of picking up buds or thinning the leaves so as to avoid influencing photosynthesis and tree nutrition supply, picking up branch and opening angle when the germinated branch above the highest grafting opening grows to 40 cm, pulling the branch when the germinated branch grows to 60cm, and ensuring the growth advantage of the main stem;
loosening and binding: 40-50 days after grafting, observing the wound binding condition, binding too tightly and loosely in time, binding twice after loosening to prevent the interface from cracking, taking off the covering soil and the binding film after the young shoots stop growing, sealing the interface with a healing agent, removing the covering before wintering, and preventing insect egg parasitism;
binding and supporting the bamboo pole: binding the scions of the varieties to support bamboo poles 60 days after grafting, and supporting the vertical growth of the main stems;
trimming: bud carving is carried out at the branch lacking position in the second year after grafting, overlapping branches and growing branches are properly lifted, sheared and thinned, free spindle-shaped or high spindle-shaped pruning is adopted, and the tree height is preferably cultured to 3-3.5 m;
and (3) strengthening fertilizer and water management: irrigating for 2-3 times after scion survival, topdressing monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces when leaves grow out, topdressing quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once when young shoots are 20-30 cm to promote the growth of the young shoots, topdressing phosphorus-potassium fertilizer 1 month before fruit bag removal to promote the growth of branches;
and (3) pest control: mainly preventing and treating rot, powdery mildew, the damage of meadowsweet aphid and the damage of the yellow earworm.
Furthermore, during grafting in the step D, a long cutting surface with the length of 2-3cm is cut on the scion, a short cutting surface with the length of 0.3-0.5 cm is cut at the tip of the back of the long cutting surface, a little of cortex at the two sides and the tip of the short cutting surface is cut, the xylem is not damaged, after cutting, the long cutting surface of the scion is inwards inserted into the bark notch of the stock, and the long cutting surface is controlled to be left outside the bark notch by 0.3-0.5 cm.
Further, in the step D, the long cutting surface of the scion of the variety is inserted into the bark of the tree with the north side of the stump facing the xylem of the stock.
Furthermore, the step F requires totally-enclosed air tightness during binding, air and rainwater are prevented from entering, and bud eyes are not left due to proper tightness.
Further, in the step G, when the young sprout is 20-30 cm, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer applied is 2% urea solution.
Further, when the rot disease is controlled in the step G: paying attention to wound protection, timely treating scabs, coating pythium oligandrum or Shuankang or Xinjunan medicament while scraping, and spraying dysianamine to the trunk for prevention before germination and after leaf drop; powdery mildew: cutting off newly diseased branch tips, burning or burying deeply to prevent conidium propagation, and spraying 1 time of medicine before and after flower, wherein the medicine is one of myclobutanil, Bacillus subtilis, thiophanate-methyl and hexaconazole; meadowsweet aphid: pesticide is not used when the orchard pest-benefit ratio of the meadowsweet aphids is below 1:100, and acetamiprid or abamectin or thiamethoxam is used for preventing and treating when the tip aphid rate reaches more than 15% in the spring young tip period; and (3) golden fine moth: removing damaged leaves on and under the trees from defoliation to germination, and adopting one of natural enemies or spraying chlorantraniliprole, diflubenzuron and chlorbenzuron for control 7-10 days after the peak period of overwintering generation and 1 st generation imago.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the sealed apple orchard intermediate cutting transformation multi-branch inarching one-step forming method is characterized in that interlaced intermediate cutting is adopted for an old arbor sealed orchard, variety updating is carried out on the old apple orchard by adopting the multi-branch inarching one-step forming method, the same operation is carried out on fruit trees which are not subjected to intermediate cutting after three years, the difficult problem of old orchard transformation can be effectively solved, closure is relieved, and variety upgrading and variety updating of the whole orchard can be gradually realized. The multi-branch inarching one-step forming method mainly comprises the specific steps of collecting scions, storing the scions, processing stocks, inserting the scions on the stumps, inserting the scions, binding after grafting, managing after grafting and the like, and process parameter setting, particularly, after a large number of practical researches, the operation process of inserting the scions on the stumps and inserting the scions is summarized, 3-8 branches of the scions are combined into one, one-step forming is realized, wind blowing resistance is realized, survival is easy, the cross section is not dead, nutrient delivery is fast, 3-year fruiting is realized, 5-year yield is high, and the purpose of changing varieties into inferior varieties and changing into superior varieties in a short time is realized; meanwhile, the method focuses on process management such as loose binding, bamboo pole binding, fertilizer and water management, pest control and the like after grafting, adopts free spindle-shaped or high spindle-shaped management, reduces the crown, can fundamentally solve the problem of canopy closure in the old orchard, and is convenient for mechanical operation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
In 2016, the natural village zhuiyangxiajia orchard in Zhenxiazu waterlogging pond and Yimazao province of Yima of Qingcheng province in Gansu province was modified. Overview of orchard: the area of the orchard is 7 mu, the variety is vigorous, the row spacing of original plants is 4m, the tree age is 20 years, the ventilation and light transmission of the orchard are poor, the leaf diseases are serious, the fruits are small, the commodity rate is low, and the yield is only 3000 jin/mu. The specific implementation steps and effects are as follows:
adopting interlaced alternate cutting for a vigorous and closed old orchard, adopting a multi-branch inarching one-step forming method to update the variety of the vigorous and closed old orchard, and after three years, carrying out the same operation on the fruit trees which are not subjected to alternate cutting, wherein the multi-branch inarching one-step forming method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. collecting scions: collecting 3-8 scions in 2016 and 2 months after a fruit tree is dormant and before sap flows, wherein 1 scion is a variety scion which is collected from the middle upper part of the periphery of a crown of a pure apple tree, the variety scion selected in the orchard is snow, the 1-year-old healthy and strong branch with plump bud bodies, full branches and less than 50% of medulla, no plant diseases and insect pests is selected, the length is not less than 60cm, the orchard with the disease virus, the rot disease and the woolly aphid is prohibited to collect the scions, the healthy and strong branch is selected as a nutrient scion for supplying water and nutrients, the nutrient scion is collected from the orchard, the length and the thickness of the nutrient scion are smaller than those of the variety scions, and a cut opening after the scion collection is tightly sealed by using lacquer or wax to prevent bleeding.
B. Preserving the scions: burying the collected scions in a trench with a shady place below 5 ℃ for storage or filling the scions into a plastic bag with wet sawdust for storage in a cold storage; 2-3 days before grafting, the scion is placed at normal temperature to be awakened so as to sprout and leave the skin, and then grafting is carried out.
C. Treating the rootstock: and before the early spring tree liquid flows, selecting a part which is 30-50 cm from the ground and smooth in bark in 2016 to transversely cut the fruit tree, only leaving a tree pile, flattening the saw cut, cutting the cut, and smearing a healing agent.
D. Inserting spikes on the stumps: selecting a place with thick and smooth stock bark and smooth texture on the cross section of a tree stump in 2016 and directly cutting downwards along the edge of a xylem after the sap flows in early spring, wherein the width of a stock cortex cut is equal to the diameter of a scion and the depth is 2-3cm, pulling the stock cortex cut to uniformly and circumferentially graft each scion on the tree stump by adopting a bark grafting method, and the quantity of the inserted nutritional scions is preferably that the cortex between two adjacent scions is not tilted. When in grafting, the scion is cut into a long cutting surface with the length of 2-3cm, the tip of the back of the long cutting surface is cut into a short cutting surface with the length of 0.3-0.5 cm, the two sides of the short cutting surface and the cortex at the tip are cut off a little without damaging xylem, the long cutting surface of the scion is inserted into the cut of the cortex of the stock after being cut, and the long cutting surface is controlled to be left 0.3-0.5 cm outside the cut of the cortex of the stock, so that the callus at the exposed part is grafted with the callus at the cross section of the stock, thereby being beneficial to survival. Wherein the long cutting surface of the variety scion grafting is inserted into the bark of the tree on the north of the tree stump facing the xylem of the stock, so as to be stable and wind-blowing resistant.
E. Grafting between the scions: starting from a nutritional scion beside the variety scion, grafting the nutritional scion and the variety scion in sequence by a cutting ventral grafting method (the nutritional scion is marked by numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and the like), cutting the top end of the grafting scion into an oblique wedge shape during grafting, wherein the long cutting surface is 2-3cm, the short cutting surface is 1-2 cm, selecting a smooth and flat position for the grafted scion to be obliquely cut upwards, the depth, the width and the angle of the cut are suitable for the cutting surface of the grafting scion, and then inserting the long cutting surface and the short cutting surface of the grafting scion inwards and outwards into the cut of the grafted scion (number 1 is inserted into number 2, number 2 is inserted into number 3, number 3 is inserted into number 4, and so on, the last nutritional scion is inserted into the variety scion).
F. And (3) binding after grafting: after grafting, the cross section of the stump and all grafting ports are firmly bound by using a binding film, the binding film is required to be totally closed and airtight during binding, air and rainwater are prevented from entering, bud holes are not left due to proper tightness, 5-10 cm of soil is covered on the binding film on the cross section of the stump, and the wound healing is prevented from being influenced by sunburn.
G. And (3) management after grafting:
and selecting a full bud above the highest grafting opening for stem determination in 2016 (5-6 months), timely coring the germinated branch below the highest grafting opening, reserving 3-4 leaves, and not picking up or thinning to avoid influencing photosynthesis and tree nutrition supply, picking up a branch and opening angle when the germinated branch above the highest grafting opening grows to 40 cm, pulling the branch when the germinated branch grows to 60cm, and ensuring the growth advantage of the stem.
Loosening and binding: and (3) observing the binding condition of the wound 40-50 days after grafting, binding too tightly and loosely in time, binding twice after loosening to prevent the interface from cracking, taking off the covering soil and the binding film after the growth of the young shoots is stopped, sealing the interface with a healing agent to ensure that the coating is thick and solid and prevent cracking. Removing the covering before overwintering, and preventing insect egg parasitism.
Binding and supporting the bamboo pole: 60 days after grafting, the scions of the varieties are tied up to support bamboo poles, and the trunks are supported to grow vertically.
Trimming: bud carving is carried out on the branch lacking part in the spring of 2017 in the second year after grafting, overlapping branches and generating branches are properly lifted, sheared and thinned, free spindle-shaped or high spindle-shaped pruning is adopted, and the tree height is preferably cultured to 3-3.5 m.
And (3) strengthening fertilizer and water management: irrigating for 2-3 times after scion survival, topdressing potassium dihydrogen phosphate on leaf surfaces when leaves grow out, topdressing urea solution quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer with mass concentration of 2% once when young shoots are 20-30 cm, promoting young shoots to grow, topdressing phosphorus potassium fertilizer in middle and late 8 months 1 month before fruit bag removal, and promoting branches to grow fully.
And (3) pest control: mainly preventing and treating rot, powdery mildew, the damage of meadowsweet aphid and the damage of the yellow earworm. When the rot disease is controlled: paying attention to wound protection, timely treating scabs, coating pythium oligandrum or Shuankang or Xinjunan medicament while scraping, and spraying dysianamine to the trunk for prevention before germination and after leaf drop; powdery mildew: cutting off newly diseased branch tips, burning or burying deeply to prevent conidium propagation, and spraying 1 time of medicine before and after flower, wherein the medicine is one of myclobutanil, Bacillus subtilis, thiophanate-methyl and hexaconazole; meadowsweet aphid: pesticide is not used when the orchard pest-benefit ratio of the meadowsweet aphids is below 1:100, and acetamiprid or abamectin or thiamethoxam is used for preventing and treating when the tip aphid rate reaches more than 15% in the spring young tip period; and (3) golden fine moth: removing damaged leaves on and under the trees from defoliation to germination, and adopting one of natural enemies or spraying chlorantraniliprole, diflubenzuron and chlorbenzuron for control 7-10 days after the peak period of overwintering generation and 1 st generation imago.
The improved effect is as follows: after the orchard is transformed, the canopy closure is removed, the ventilation and light transmission are good, the occurrence of diseases is greatly reduced, the fruit number of the fruit trees is increased and the commodity rate is improved, the transformed fruit trees start to carry fruits in 2018 years, the yield of the whole orchard reaches 4000 jin/mu, the yield of the whole orchard reaches 5000 jin/mu in 2019 years, the high yield (6000 jin/mu) can be achieved in 2020, the yield is improved by 100 percent after the high yield is achieved, the commodity rate is improved, the income is increased by about 1.0 ten thousand yuan/mu, and the economic benefit is obviously improved. And the fruit trees are not transformed continuously by the same method, the fruit bearing is carried out for 3 years, the yield is high for 5 years, and the whole orchard is gradually transformed into a modern orchard.
Claims (6)
1. A sealed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-time forming method is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopting interlaced alternate cutting for a vigorous and closed old orchard, adopting a multi-branch inarching one-step forming method to update the variety of the vigorous and closed old orchard, and after three years, carrying out the same operation on the fruit trees which are not subjected to alternate cutting, wherein the multi-branch inarching one-step forming method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. collecting scions: collecting 3-8 scions after a fruit tree is dormant and before sap flows, wherein 1 scion is a variety scion, the variety scion is collected from the middle upper part of the periphery of a crown of a pure apple tree, a 1-year-old healthy branch with plump bud bodies, full branches and a medulla below 50% and no plant diseases and insect pests is selected, the length is not less than 60cm, the healthy branch without the plant diseases is selected as a nutrient scion for supplying water and nutrients, the length and the thickness of the nutrient scion are both less than those of the variety scion, and a cut is tightly sealed by paint or wax after the scion is collected to prevent bleeding damage;
B. preserving the scions: burying the collected scions in a trench with a shady place below 5 ℃ for storage or filling the scions into a plastic bag with wet sawdust for storage in a cold storage; 2-3 days before grafting, putting the scion at normal temperature to wake up so that the scion sprouts to leave the skin and then grafting;
C. treating the rootstock: before the tree liquid flows in early spring, selecting a part which is 30-50 cm from the ground and smooth in bark to transversely cut the fruit tree, only remaining a tree pile, cutting a saw cut and a cut, and smearing a healing agent;
D. inserting spikes on the stumps: selecting a place with thick and smooth stock bark and smooth texture on the cross section of a tree stump after early spring sap flows, directly cutting downwards along the edge of a xylem, wherein the width of a stock cortex cut is equal to the diameter of a scion and the depth is 2-3cm, pulling the stock cortex cut to uniformly and circumferentially graft each scion on the tree stump by adopting a bark grafting method, and the quantity of the inserted nutritional scions is proper because the cortex between two adjacent scions is not tilted;
E. grafting between the scions: starting from a nutritional scion beside the variety scion, grafting between the nutritional scions and the variety scions by adopting a belly cutting grafting method in sequence, cutting the top end of the grafting scion into an oblique wedge shape during grafting, wherein the long cutting surface is 2-3cm, the short cutting surface is 1-2 cm, selecting a smooth position for the grafted scion, obliquely cutting upwards, adapting the depth, the width and the angle of a cut to the cutting surface of the grafting scion, and then inserting the long cutting surface and the short cutting surface of the grafting scion inwards into the cut of the grafted scion;
F. and (3) binding after grafting: after grafting, firmly binding the cross section of the stump and all grafting openings by using a binding film, and covering soil on the binding film on the cross section of the stump for 5-10 cm;
G. and (3) management after grafting:
selecting a full bud part above the highest grafting opening for stem fixing, timely coring the germinated branch below the highest grafting opening, reserving 3-4 leaves, not being capable of picking up buds or thinning the leaves so as to avoid influencing photosynthesis and tree nutrition supply, picking up branch and opening angle when the germinated branch above the highest grafting opening grows to 40 cm, pulling the branch when the germinated branch grows to 60cm, and ensuring the growth advantage of the main stem;
loosening and binding: 40-50 days after grafting, observing the wound binding condition, binding too tightly and loosely in time, binding twice after loosening to prevent the interface from cracking, taking off the covering soil and the binding film after the young shoots stop growing, sealing the interface with a healing agent, removing the covering before wintering, and preventing insect egg parasitism;
binding and supporting the bamboo pole: binding the scions of the varieties to support bamboo poles 60 days after grafting, and supporting the vertical growth of the main stems;
trimming: bud carving is carried out at the branch lacking position in the second year after grafting, overlapping branches and growing branches are properly lifted, sheared and thinned, free spindle-shaped or high spindle-shaped pruning is adopted, and the tree height is preferably cultured to 3-3.5 m;
and (3) strengthening fertilizer and water management: irrigating for 2-3 times after scion survival, topdressing monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces when leaves grow out, topdressing quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once when young shoots are 20-30 cm to promote the growth of the young shoots, topdressing phosphorus-potassium fertilizer 1 month before fruit bag removal to promote the growth of branches;
and (3) pest control: mainly preventing and treating rot, powdery mildew, the damage of meadowsweet aphid and the damage of the yellow earworm.
2. The closed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-step forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and D, cutting a long cutting surface of 2-3cm in length of the scion during grafting in the step D, cutting a short cutting surface of 0.3-0.5 cm in length at the tip of the back of the long cutting surface, cutting off a little of cortex at two sides and the tip of the short cutting surface without damaging xylem, inserting the long cutting surface of the scion inwards into the bark layer notch of the stock after cutting, and controlling the long cutting surface to be 0.3-0.5 cm outside the bark layer notch of the stock.
3. The closed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-step forming method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and D, inserting the scion grafting long cutting surface of the variety into the bark of the tree on the north of the tree stump facing the xylem of the stock.
4. The closed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-step forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and E, when the binding is carried out, the binding is required to be totally closed and airtight, so that air and rainwater are prevented from entering, and bud holes are not left due to proper tightness.
5. The closed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-step forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and G, when the young sprout is 20-30 cm, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer applied is 2% urea solution.
6. The closed apple orchard thinning reconstruction multi-branch inarching one-step forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and G, during the control of the rot disease: paying attention to wound protection, timely treating scabs, coating pythium oligandrum or Shuankang or Xinjunan medicament while scraping, and spraying dysianamine to the trunk for prevention before germination and after leaf drop; powdery mildew: cutting off newly diseased branch tips, burning or burying deeply to prevent conidium propagation, and spraying 1 time of medicine before and after flower, wherein the medicine is one of myclobutanil, Bacillus subtilis, thiophanate-methyl and hexaconazole; meadowsweet aphid: pesticide is not used when the orchard pest-benefit ratio of the meadowsweet aphids is below 1:100, and acetamiprid or abamectin or thiamethoxam is used for preventing and treating when the tip aphid rate reaches more than 15% in the spring young tip period; and (3) golden fine moth: removing damaged leaves on and under the trees from defoliation to germination, and adopting one of natural enemies or spraying chlorantraniliprole, diflubenzuron and chlorbenzuron for control 7-10 days after the peak period of overwintering generation and 1 st generation imago.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112243716A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 张康峰 | Method for inarching twigs of high-grafting variety of apple tree and forming tree shape |
| CN114747376A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-15 | 路萍 | High-grafting head-changing cultivation method for apple trees |
| CN115226510A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-25 | 四川农业大学 | Yellow fruit orange top grafting 'Ming-Ri-shou' seed changing method |
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| CN112243716A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 张康峰 | Method for inarching twigs of high-grafting variety of apple tree and forming tree shape |
| CN114747376A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-15 | 路萍 | High-grafting head-changing cultivation method for apple trees |
| CN115226510A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-25 | 四川农业大学 | Yellow fruit orange top grafting 'Ming-Ri-shou' seed changing method |
| CN115226510B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-11-24 | 四川农业大学 | High-grafting 'Ming day' seed changing method for citrus aurantium |
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Inventor after: Bai Xinke Inventor after: Li Jinzhang Inventor after: Fang Fengtai Inventor after: An Shengli Inventor after: Song Zhanshu Inventor after: Xi Zhongcheng Inventor after: Wang Yongfeng Inventor after: Shi Wenjing Inventor before: Bai Xinke Inventor before: Fang Fengtai Inventor before: Li Jinzhang Inventor before: An Shengli Inventor before: Song Zhanshu Inventor before: Xi Zhongcheng Inventor before: Wang Yongfeng Inventor before: Shi Wenjing |