CN111345193A - Planting method of passion fruit - Google Patents
Planting method of passion fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111345193A CN111345193A CN202010159501.XA CN202010159501A CN111345193A CN 111345193 A CN111345193 A CN 111345193A CN 202010159501 A CN202010159501 A CN 202010159501A CN 111345193 A CN111345193 A CN 111345193A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method of passion fruit, which comprises the following steps: a. culturing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings; b. selecting a passion fruit planting field; c. planting the passion fruit virus-free seedlings; d. periodically managing the detoxified seedlings of the passion fruit after field planting; e. a transverse horizontal guide frame is arranged between two root controllers in two adjacent rows and the same column; arranging a main vine rack in each root controller; f. carrying out shaping and trimming on passion fruit seedlings; h. managing the fruiting period of the passion fruit seedlings. By the planting method of the passion fruit, the fruiting rate of the passion fruit is improved, the yield of the passion fruit per mu is doubled, and the yield of the passion fruit is greatly improved. In addition, the passion fruit planted by the planting method is fragrant and sweet in taste, good in quality and rich in nutrition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a planting method of passion fruit.
Background
The passion fruit is a tropical and subtropical vine plant, is a common fruit in daily life, is named after the passion fruit has strong fruit flavor and contains hundreds of aromatic substances, and can emit the flavors of 165 fruits such as pineapples, mangoes, litchis, bananas, strawberries and the like. The passion fruit contains various vitamins, 17 amino acids, saccharides, tartaric acid, super fiber, SOD enzyme, carotene and rich mineral substances, and is a popular health-care fruit at present. The passion fruit has strong adaptability and stress resistance, fast growth and various varieties. At present, there are two main ways in the planting of the passion fruit, one is to directly sow seeds in the ground, and the other is to use vines to cut in the ground, both of which can cause the roots of the passion fruit to grow irregularly, so that the absorption rate of the nutrient components at the roots of the passion fruit is low and uncontrollable. In addition, by adopting the two planting modes, the branches and tendrils grow excessively physiologically, so that the fruit bearing rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method of passion fruit, which aims to solve the problems of low absorption rate of root nutrient components and low fruiting rate in the existing planting of the passion fruit.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a planting method of passion fruits comprises the following steps:
a. culturing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings;
b. selecting a passion fruit planting field: selecting a land far away from factories, roads and mines as a planting base in a passion fruit planting field in an area with the annual average temperature of 22-26 ℃;
c. field planting passion fruit virus-free seedlings: installing a plurality of root controllers on a planting base, wherein the root controllers are arranged according to the row spacing of 3-3.2 m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, planting a passion fruit virus-free seedling in each root controller, filling nutrient soil at the lower part in the root controllers, filling wood chips at the upper part in the root controllers, and enabling the volume of the nutrient soil to be 2/3 of the volume in the corresponding root controllers; the nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 50-65 parts of coconut coir, 5-10 parts of laterite, 2-5 parts of boron and 2-5 parts of zinc;
d. periodically managing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings after field planting: after field planting, deep well water is poured into passion fruit virus-free seedlings every day, and water soluble fertilizer is sprayed every 5-8 days and is diluted by 800 times when being applied;
e. a transverse horizontal guide frame is arranged between two root control devices in two adjacent rows and the same column, and the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame is 1.8-2 m; arranging a main vine frame for supporting a transverse horizontal guide frame in the vertical direction in each root controller;
f. shaping and trimming passion fruit seedlings: the method comprises the steps of growing passion fruit seedlings after successful field planting of passion fruit virus-free seedlings, reserving 1 or 2 main branches when the main branches of the passion fruit seedlings reach the height of a transverse horizontal guide frame along the main branch frame, enabling each main branch to grow along the transverse horizontal guide frame to form a branch vine, cutting and binding the top ends of the branch vines when the branch vines grow to 1.2 m, then picking off flowers and fruits of the branch vines, only reserving side buds, ensuring that only one side bud is reserved at one leaf stalk, picking off all flowers and fruits on the branch vines within 1.2 m, guiding the side buds to vertically downwards grow to form a secondary branch vine, enabling the secondary branch vine to grow in a natural vertically downwards state to form a vertical shape, and cutting off the top ends of the secondary branch vines when the secondary branch vine grows to 1m downwards.
g. Managing the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings;
h. managing the fruiting period of the passion fruit seedlings.
In the step a, the culture process of the passion fruit virus-free seedlings is as follows: transplanting the high-quality variety of passion fruit plants to a greenhouse for female parent cultivation, and periodically detecting the health condition of the female parent plants; taking the bud of the virus-free maternal plant as an explant to detoxify, allowing the detoxified bud to enter a culture medium for tissue culture and differentiation into a tissue culture seedling, and taking the tissue culture seedling growing to 40cm as a passion fruit detoxified seedling and planting the passion fruit detoxified seedling on a passion fruit planting field.
In the step c, the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of pigeon manure, 5-10 parts of potassium perphosphate, 5-10 parts of peanut cake, 5-10 parts of camellia cake and 5-10 parts of EM microorganism.
In the step d, the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of peanut cakes, 2-5 parts of zinc, 2-5 parts of brown sugar and 3-6 parts of EM microorganisms.
And c, in the planting process of the passion fruit in the steps c to h, hanging yellow pest-staining plates or blue pest-staining plates on each main vine rack, wherein the yellow pest-staining plates and the blue pest-staining plates are arranged in a staggered mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, field planting of passion fruit virus-free seedlings: the method comprises the steps of installing a plurality of root controllers on a planting base, wherein the root controllers are arranged according to the row spacing of 3-3.2 m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, planting a passion fruit virus-free seedling in each root controller, filling nutrient soil in the lower part of the root controller, filling wood chips in the upper part of the root controller, and using the root controllers to cultivate the passion fruit seedlings, so that the root growth of the passion fruit can be controlled and the passion fruit seedlings can grow towards a favorable direction. The root controller is combined with the arrangement of nutrient soil, so that the nutrient absorption rate of roots is greatly improved, and the growth of passion fruit plants is facilitated.
Secondly, in the process of pruning and pruning the passion fruit seedlings, the passion fruit virus-free seedlings grow into the passion fruit seedlings after being planted successfully, when the main vines of the passion fruit seedlings reach the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame along the main vine frame, 1 or 2 main branches are reserved, each main branch grows along the transverse horizontal guide frame to form a branch vine, when the branch vines grow to 1-1.2 m, tops of the branch vines are cut off and bound, flowers and fruits of the branch vines are then picked off, only side buds are reserved, the side buds are guided to grow vertically downwards to form a secondary branch vine, the secondary branch vine grows in a natural vertical downwards state to form a vertical curtain shape, when the secondary branch vine grows downwards to 1m, the secondary branch vine is cut off, the pruning mode can control the growth of the main vines and the branch vines, the fruit bearing rate of the passion fruit is improved, and in actual planting, the yield of the passion fruit can reach 6-8 jacks per mu, compared with the yield of the passion fruit obtained by the traditional planting method, the yield of the passion fruit is 3-4 fleshy doubles per mu.
By the planting method of the passion fruit, the fruiting rate of the passion fruit is improved, the yield of the passion fruit per mu is doubled, and the yield of the passion fruit is greatly improved. In addition, the passion fruit planted by the planting method is fragrant and sweet in taste, good in quality and rich in nutrition.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1
A planting method of passion fruits comprises the following steps:
a. culturing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings. The culture process of the passion fruit virus-free seedlings comprises the following steps: transplanting the high-quality variety of passion fruit plants to a greenhouse for female parent cultivation, and periodically detecting the health condition of the female parent plants; taking the bud of the virus-free maternal plant as an explant to detoxify, allowing the detoxified bud to enter a culture medium for tissue culture and differentiation into a tissue culture seedling, and taking the tissue culture seedling growing to 40cm as a passion fruit detoxified seedling and planting the passion fruit detoxified seedling on a passion fruit planting field.
b. Selecting a passion fruit planting field: the passion fruit planting site selects a land far away from factories, roads and mines as a planting base in an area with the annual average temperature of 22-26 ℃.
c. Field planting passion fruit virus-free seedlings: installing a plurality of root controllers on a planting base, wherein the root controllers are arranged according to the row spacing of 3m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, planting a passion fruit virus-free seedling in each root controller, filling nutrient soil in the lower part of the root controllers, and filling wood chips in the upper parts of the root controllers, wherein the volume of the nutrient soil accounts for 2/3 of the volume of the corresponding root controllers, and the volume of the wood chips accounts for 1/3 of the volume of the corresponding root controllers. The nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of organic fertilizer, 50 parts of coconut coir, 5 parts of laterite, 2 parts of boron and 2 parts of zinc. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of pigeon manure, 5 parts of potassium perphosphate, 5 parts of peanut cake, 5 parts of camellia cake and 5 parts of EM microorganism.
d. Periodically managing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings after field planting: after field planting, deep well water is poured into the passion fruit virus-free seedlings every day, water soluble fertilizer is sprayed once every 5 days, and the water soluble fertilizer is diluted by 800 times when being applied. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of peanut cakes, 2 parts of zinc, 2 parts of brown sugar and 3 parts of EM microorganisms.
e. A transverse horizontal guide frame is arranged between two root controllers in two adjacent rows and the same column, and the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame is 1.8 m; and a main vine frame for supporting the transverse horizontal guide frame is vertically arranged in each root controller.
f. Shaping and trimming passion fruit seedlings: and when the main vines of the passion fruit seedlings reach the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame along the main vine frame, 1 main branch is reserved, each main branch grows along the transverse horizontal guide frame to form a branch vine, and when the branch vines grow to 1.2 m, the top ends of the branch vines are cut off and bound, so that the passion fruit seedlings can fully absorb nutrition, and the antiviral ability can be maximized. And then removing the flowers and fruits of the branch vines, only preserving the lateral buds, ensuring that only one lateral bud is preserved at one petiole, namely removing all the flowers and fruits on the branch vines within 1.2 m, guiding the lateral buds to vertically grow downwards to form secondary branch vines, wherein the branch vines at the position are fruiting branches. The secondary branch tendrils grow in a natural vertical downward state to form a vertical curtain shape, and when the secondary branch tendrils grow downwards to 1m, the top ends of the secondary branch tendrils are cut off to prevent the secondary branch tendrils from growing downwards.
g. Managing the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings;
h. managing the fruiting period of the passion fruit seedlings.
And c, in the planting process of the passion fruit in the steps c to h, hanging yellow pest-staining plates or blue pest-staining plates on each main vine rack, wherein the yellow pest-staining plates and the blue pest-staining plates are arranged in a staggered mode. In the years with serious plant diseases and insect pests, the pesticide spraying is increased in the planting process of the passion fruit to further resist the plant diseases and insect pests, eight kinds of pesticide are prepared, and the pesticide spraying comprises the following steps: 500-1000 times of 40% chlorothalonil solution, 500-800 times of 2.5% hymexazol solution, 2000-2500 times of 25% pyridaben solution, 500-1000 times of 30% imidacloprid solution, 1000-1500 times of 25% thiamethoxam solution, 800-1000 times of 5% lufenuron solution, 1000-1500 times of 5% beta-cypermethrin solution, 1500-2000 times of 1.8% abamectin solution, and eight pesticides are alternately sprayed. Wherein, the beta-cypermethrin is called as cyanoether valerate. The spraying periods of the eight pesticides are all once every 5-8 days. In this example, eight kinds of pesticides were prepared, which were: the pesticide comprises a 40% chlorothalonil 500-time solution, a 2.5% hymexazol 500-time solution, a 25% pyridaben 2000-time solution, a 30% imidacloprid 500-time solution, a 25% thiamethoxam 1000-time solution, a 5% lufenuron 800-time solution, a 5% beta-cypermethrin 1000-time solution and a 1.8% abamectin 1500-time solution, wherein the spraying periods of the eight pesticides are all once every 5 days.
In the step g, in the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings, irrigating the roots of the passion fruit seedlings with a flowering period nutrient solution once every 5-8 days, wherein the flowering period nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of water-soluble compound fertilizer with NPK of 18-15-23, 5-10 parts of boron fertilizer, 5-10 parts of zinc fertilizer and 5-10 parts of magnesium fertilizer. In this embodiment, a flowering phase nutrient solution is irrigated to the roots of passion fruit seedlings every 5 days, and the flowering phase nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of water-soluble compound fertilizer with NPK of 18-15-23, 5 parts of boron fertilizer, 5 parts of zinc fertilizer and 5 parts of magnesium fertilizer.
Spraying flowering-stage foliar fertilizers to the leaf surfaces of the passion fruit seedlings in the flowering stage of the passion fruit seedlings, wherein three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are prepared and are respectively a cytokinin, a humic acid foliar fertilizer and a seaweed foliar fertilizer, the three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are alternately sprayed, and the spraying periods of the three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are all once every 5-8 days. In the embodiment, the spraying periods of the three flowering-phase leaf fertilizers are all once every 5 days.
In the step h, spraying fruit-stage foliar fertilizers to the leaf surfaces of the passion fruit surfaces in a fruiting stage, wherein three kinds of the fruit-stage foliar fertilizers are prepared: the spraying period of the monopotassium phosphate, the sugar alcohol chelated liquid fertilizer and the calcium-magnesium foliar fertilizer is 5-8 days once. In the embodiment, the spraying periods of the three fruit-period foliar fertilizers are all once every 5 days. In the middle and later period of the fruiting period, the organic potassium, the instant phosphorus and the chelated medium and trace elements are respectively sprayed for 2-3 times, and in the embodiment, the organic potassium, the instant phosphorus and the chelated medium and trace elements are respectively sprayed for 2 times.
The yield of the passion fruit obtained using this example was: 6000 jin per mu.
Example 2
Step a and step b are the same as in example 1.
c. Field planting passion fruit virus-free seedlings: installing a plurality of root controllers on a planting base, wherein the root controllers are arranged according to the row spacing of 3.2m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, planting a passion fruit detoxification seedling in each root controller, filling nutrient soil in the lower part of the root controller, filling wood chips in the upper part of the root controller, wherein the volume of the nutrient soil accounts for 2/3 of the volume of the corresponding root controller, and the volume of the wood chips accounts for 1/3 of the volume of the corresponding root controller. The nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic fertilizer, 65 parts of coconut coir, 10 parts of laterite, 5 parts of boron and 5 parts of zinc. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of pigeon manure, 10 parts of potassium perphosphate, 10 parts of peanut cake, 10 parts of camellia cake and 10 parts of EM microorganism.
d. Periodically managing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings after field planting: after field planting, deep well water is poured into the passion fruit virus-free seedlings every day, water soluble fertilizer is sprayed every 8 days, and the water soluble fertilizer is diluted by 800 times when being applied. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of peanut cake, 5 parts of zinc, 5 parts of brown sugar and 6 parts of EM microorganism.
e. A transverse horizontal guide frame is arranged between two root controllers in two adjacent rows and the same column, and the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame is 2 m; and a main vine frame for supporting the transverse horizontal guide frame is vertically arranged in each root controller.
f. Shaping and trimming passion fruit seedlings: and when the main vines of the passion fruit seedlings reach the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame along the main vine frame, 2 main branches are reserved. The rest of the description of step f is the same as that of embodiment 1 and is not repeated.
g. Managing the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings;
h. managing the fruiting period of the passion fruit seedlings.
And c, in the planting process of the passion fruit in the steps c to h, hanging yellow pest-staining plates or blue pest-staining plates on each main vine rack, wherein the yellow pest-staining plates and the blue pest-staining plates are arranged in a staggered mode. In the years with serious plant diseases and insect pests, the pesticide spraying is increased in the planting process of the passion fruit to further resist the plant diseases and insect pests, eight kinds of pesticide are prepared, and the pesticide spraying comprises the following steps: 1000-time solution of 40% chlorothalonil, 800-time solution of 2.5% hymexazol, 2500-time solution of 25% pyridaben, 1000-time solution of 30% imidacloprid, 1500-time solution of 25% thiamethoxam, 1000-time solution of 5% lufenuron, 1500-time solution of 5% beta-cypermethrin, 2000-time solution of 1.8% abamectin, and eight pesticides are sprayed alternately. Wherein, the beta-cypermethrin is called as cyanoether valerate. The spraying period of the above eight pesticides is 8 days.
In the step g, in the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings, irrigating the roots of the passion fruit seedlings with a flowering period nutrient solution once every 8 days, wherein the flowering period nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of water-soluble compound fertilizer with NPK of 18-15-23, 10 parts of boron fertilizer, 10 parts of zinc fertilizer and 10 parts of magnesium fertilizer.
Spraying flowering-stage foliar fertilizers to the leaf surfaces of the passion fruit seedlings in the flowering stage of the passion fruit seedlings, wherein three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are prepared and respectively comprise cytokinins, humic acid foliar fertilizers and seaweed foliar fertilizers, the three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are sprayed alternately, and the spraying periods of the three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are all once every 8 days.
In the step h, spraying fruit-stage foliar fertilizers to the leaf surfaces of the passion fruit surfaces in a fruiting stage, wherein three kinds of the fruit-stage foliar fertilizers are prepared: the spraying period of the three fruit-stage foliar fertilizers is once every 8 days. In the middle and later period of the fruiting period, organic potassium, instant phosphorus and chelated medium and trace elements are sprayed for 3 times respectively.
The yield of the passion fruit obtained using this example was: 5700 jin per mu.
Example 3
Step a and step b are the same as in example 1.
c. Field planting passion fruit virus-free seedlings: installing a plurality of root controllers on a planting base, wherein the root controllers are arranged according to the row spacing of 3.1m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, planting a passion fruit detoxification seedling in each root controller, filling nutrient soil in the lower part of the root controller, filling wood chips in the upper part of the root controller, wherein the volume of the nutrient soil accounts for 2/3 of the volume of the corresponding root controller, and the volume of the wood chips accounts for 1/3 of the volume of the corresponding root controller. The nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of organic fertilizer, 60 parts of coconut coir, 8 parts of laterite, 4 parts of boron and 4 parts of zinc. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of pigeon manure, 8 parts of potassium perphosphate, 8 parts of peanut cake, 8 parts of camellia cake and 8 parts of EM microorganism. The EM microorganism is also called EM microorganism.
d. Periodically managing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings after field planting: after field planting, deep well water is poured into the passion fruit virus-free seedlings every day, water soluble fertilizer is sprayed once every 6 days, and the water soluble fertilizer is diluted by 800 times when being applied. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of peanut cakes, 4 parts of zinc, 4 parts of brown sugar and 5 parts of EM microorganisms.
e. A transverse horizontal guide frame is arranged between two root controllers in two adjacent rows and the same column, and the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame is 1.9 m; and a main vine frame for supporting the transverse horizontal guide frame is vertically arranged in each root controller.
f. Shaping and trimming passion fruit seedlings: and when the main vines of the passion fruit seedlings reach the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame along the main vine frame, 2 main branches are reserved. The rest of the description of step f is the same as that of embodiment 1 and is not repeated.
g. Managing the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings;
h. managing the fruiting period of the passion fruit seedlings.
And c, in the planting process of the passion fruit in the steps c to h, hanging yellow pest-staining plates or blue pest-staining plates on each main vine rack, wherein the yellow pest-staining plates and the blue pest-staining plates are arranged in a staggered mode. In the years with serious plant diseases and insect pests, the pesticide spraying is increased in the planting process of the passion fruit to further resist the plant diseases and insect pests, eight kinds of pesticide are prepared, and the pesticide spraying comprises the following steps: 800 times of 40% chlorothalonil solution, 600 times of 2.5% hymexazol solution, 2300 times of 25% pyridaben solution, 800 times of 30% imidacloprid solution, 1200 times of 25% thiamethoxam solution, 900 times of 5% lufenuron solution, 1300 times of 5% beta-cypermethrin solution, 1800 times of 1.8% abamectin solution, and eight pesticides are sprayed alternately. Wherein, the beta-cypermethrin is called as cyanoether valerate. The spraying periods of the above eight pesticides are all once every 7 days.
In the step g, in the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings, irrigating the roots of the passion fruit seedlings with a flowering period nutrient solution once every 8 days, wherein the flowering period nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of water-soluble compound fertilizer with NPK of 18-15-23, 8 parts of boron fertilizer, 8 parts of zinc fertilizer and 8 parts of magnesium fertilizer.
Spraying flowering-stage foliar fertilizers to the leaf surfaces of the passion fruit seedlings in the flowering stage of the passion fruit seedlings, wherein three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are prepared and respectively comprise cytokinins, humic acid foliar fertilizers and seaweed foliar fertilizers, the three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are sprayed alternately, and the spraying periods of the three kinds of flowering-stage foliar fertilizers are all once every 7 days.
In the step h, spraying fruit-stage foliar fertilizers to the leaf surfaces of the passion fruit surfaces in a fruiting stage, wherein three kinds of the fruit-stage foliar fertilizers are prepared: the spraying period of the three fruit-stage foliar fertilizers is once every 7 days. In the middle and later period of the fruiting period, organic potassium, instant phosphorus and chelated medium and trace elements are sprayed for 2 times respectively.
The yield of the passion fruit obtained using this example was: 5000 jin per mu.
The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. The planting method of the passion fruit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. culturing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings;
b. selecting a passion fruit planting field: selecting a land far away from factories, roads and mines as a planting base in a passion fruit planting field in an area with the annual average temperature of 22-26 ℃;
c. field planting passion fruit virus-free seedlings: installing a plurality of root controllers on a planting base, wherein the root controllers are arranged according to the row spacing of 3-3.2 m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, planting a passion fruit virus-free seedling in each root controller, filling nutrient soil at the lower part in the root controllers, filling wood chips at the upper part in the root controllers, and enabling the volume of the nutrient soil to be 2/3 of the volume in the corresponding root controllers; the nutrient soil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-30 parts of organic fertilizer, 50-65 parts of coconut coir, 5-10 parts of laterite, 2-5 parts of boron and 2-5 parts of zinc;
d. periodically managing the passion fruit virus-free seedlings after field planting: after field planting, deep well water is poured into passion fruit virus-free seedlings every day, and water soluble fertilizer is sprayed every 5-8 days and is diluted by 800 times when being applied;
e. a transverse horizontal guide frame is arranged between two root control devices in two adjacent rows and the same column, and the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame is 1.8-2 m; arranging a main vine frame for supporting a transverse horizontal guide frame in the vertical direction in each root controller;
f. shaping and trimming passion fruit seedlings: when the main vines of the passion fruit seedlings reach the height of the transverse horizontal guide frame along the main vine frame, 1 or 2 main branches are reserved, each main branch grows along the transverse horizontal guide frame to form a branch vine, when the branch vines grow to 1.2 m, the top ends of the branch vines are cut and bound, then flowers and fruits of the branch vines are removed, only side buds are reserved, only one side bud is reserved at one leaf stem, namely all the flowers and fruits on the branch vines within 1.2 m are removed, the side buds are guided to grow downwards to form a secondary branch vine, the secondary branch vines grow in a natural vertical downwards state to form a vertical shape, and when the secondary branch vines grow downwards to 1m, the top ends of the secondary branch vines are cut;
g. managing the flowering period of the passion fruit seedlings;
h. managing the fruiting period of the passion fruit seedlings.
2. The planting method of the passion fruit according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the culture process of the passion fruit virus-free seedlings is as follows: transplanting the high-quality variety of passion fruit plants to a greenhouse for female parent cultivation, and periodically detecting the health condition of the female parent plants; taking the bud of the virus-free maternal plant as an explant to detoxify, allowing the detoxified bud to enter a culture medium for tissue culture and differentiation into a tissue culture seedling, and taking the tissue culture seedling growing to 40cm as a passion fruit detoxified seedling and planting the passion fruit detoxified seedling on a passion fruit planting field.
3. The planting method of the passion fruit according to claim 1, wherein in the step c, the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of pigeon manure, 5-10 parts of potassium perphosphate, 5-10 parts of peanut cake, 5-10 parts of camellia cake and 5-10 parts of EM microorganism.
4. The passion fruit planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of peanut cakes, 2-5 parts of zinc, 2-5 parts of brown sugar and 3-6 parts of EM microorganisms.
5. The planting method of the passion fruit according to claim 1, wherein yellow pest-staining plates or blue pest-staining plates are hung on each main vine rack in the planting process of the passion fruit in the steps c to h, and the yellow pest-staining plates and the blue pest-staining plates are arranged in a staggered mode.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112021098A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-04 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting growth and fruiting of passion fruits through pruning |
| CN113491218A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-12 | 和平县古树森林康养旅游开发有限公司 | Planting method for improving growth of passion fruit seedlings based on root control device |
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| CN105284314A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-02-03 | 广西佳德投资有限公司 | Cultivation method for passion fruit virus-free seedling |
| CN107535247A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of root-limiting cultivating method for preventing and treating passion fruit base rot disease |
| CN109362501A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-22 | 广西贺州市正丰现代农业股份有限公司 | The penetrating frame shape cultural method of passion fruit |
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| CN105284314A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-02-03 | 广西佳德投资有限公司 | Cultivation method for passion fruit virus-free seedling |
| CN104322329A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-04 | 吴华球 | Integrated control method of passion fruit diseases and pests |
| CN107535247A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of root-limiting cultivating method for preventing and treating passion fruit base rot disease |
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| CN112021098A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-04 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting growth and fruiting of passion fruits through pruning |
| CN113491218A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-12 | 和平县古树森林康养旅游开发有限公司 | Planting method for improving growth of passion fruit seedlings based on root control device |
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