CN103444478A - Cultivation method for large-ball hawthorn tree - Google Patents
Cultivation method for large-ball hawthorn tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444478A CN103444478A CN2012101668745A CN201210166874A CN103444478A CN 103444478 A CN103444478 A CN 103444478A CN 2012101668745 A CN2012101668745 A CN 2012101668745A CN 201210166874 A CN201210166874 A CN 201210166874A CN 103444478 A CN103444478 A CN 103444478A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for a large-ball hawthorn tree and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The cultivation method is summarized in the many-year large-ball hawthorn tree planting process, and according to the practice, the cultivation method is proven good in effect. When the large-ball hawthorn trees are planted in large area, large-ball hawthorn is produced by the steps of land selection, seedling culture, soil fertilizer water management, pruning, pest and disease control and picking and the like. The large-ball hawthorn is one of excellent hawthorn varieties, has the advantages of being high and stable in yield and is slightly acid in taste, rich in nutrition, high in medical value, and high in adaptability and disease resistance and suitable for large-area plantation.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the fruit tree planting technique field, relate in particular to the cultivation method that a kind of kind is large silk tops thornbuss.
Background technology:
Large silk tops thornbuss, the tree vigo(u)r golden mean of the Confucian school, branch is opened a business, and during the early spring rudiment, the young sprout blade takes on a red color, take middle fruit spur result as main, several 10 of the average setting of fruit branch, bearing capacity is stronger continuously for female branch, treelet yielding ability and resistance are all stronger, mid-September maturation, the fruit oblateness, the fruit peel orange redness, fruit is individual larger, and single fruit on average weighs 10.2 grams, the fruit regularity is high, edible rate 85.1%, and the tree strain of firstfruits phase is produced 10 kilograms, 40 kilograms of living strains in 6 years, because result quantities is larger, the tree body is easily weak.Large silk tops Fructus Crataegi is nutritious, and the hectogram fresh fruit, containing soluble sugar 8 grams, 65 milligrams of vitamin Cs, 0 milligram of amino acid/11,18 milligrams of carotin, also is rich in the materials such as protein, fat, starch, malic acid, citric acid, calcium and iron.Large silk tops Fructus Crataegi has high medical value, there is the effects such as long-pendingization of disappearing is stagnant, convergence stops dysentery, activate blood circulation and disperse blood clots, the energy prevention and cure of cardiovascular disease, there is hemangiectasis, cardiac stimulant, increase CF, improve heart vigor, stimulating central nervous system system, reduce blood pressure and cholesterol, softening blood vessel, diuresis, calm effect, can appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving; The substances such as the flavonoids that hawthorn is contained and vitamin C, carotin strengthen the immunity of body, and anti-aging, anticancer effect is arranged.Large silk tops thornbuss is one of improved seeds in hawthorn, its fruit is edible both, can be used as medicine again, real is the elaboration in hawthorn, and its cultivation main points are: treelet and the exhibition of firstfruits branch are larger, unsuitable overstocked plantation, due to result early, easy high yield, should note early stage and adopt after rich water quality management, enter the large result after date and will note the rejuvenating of fruit-bearing shoot cluster, prevent that setting fruit position from moving outward.This thornbuss tree crown is neat, adaptable easy cultivation, and damage by disease and insect is few, and flood fighting waterlogging ability is strong, and the flowers and fruits deliciousness is lovely, be by field, the good ornamental tree species of private garden greening, but also establishing in large scale.
Summary of the invention:
The problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide the method for the large silk tops thornbuss of a kind of establishing in large scale, and the method is through practice test, respond well.
The method of the large silk tops thornbuss of a kind of establishing in large scale is characterized in that consisting of following steps:
(1) select soil: select loam or the sandy loam of deep fertile level land, hills and the mountain region section of easy grade of soil layer, soil depth, more than 50 centimetres, can easily be irrigated and drain flooded fields.
(2) grow seedlings, large silk tops Hawthorn Seeds prior to seeding, be processed in advance, guarantees germination rate, after planting obtain root turion, plant and carry out grafting in nursery, spring, summer, Qiu Junke carry out, and adopt bud grafting or scion grafting, take bud grafting as main, then select transplant to land for growing field crops strong sprout, mu is planted the 200-220 strain.
(3) clay fertilizer water management: slaking is ploughed deeply in soil, improvement soil, the permeability of increase soil; Use sufficient base manure, autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 180-200 kilogram is executed in strain; Topdress, within 1 year, chase after fertilizer 3 times, when mid-March, resin started to flow, every strain imposes 1 kilogram, urea, and the required nutrition with the supplemental tree bulk-growth, lay a solid foundation for improving fruit-setting rate; 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in the every strain of Xie Huahou, to improve fruit-setting rate; Before flower bud differentiation at 7 the end of month, 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, and 0.5 kilogram of potassium sulphate, to promote fruit growth, improve fruit quality; Should keep thornbuss not to be subject to arid throughout the year, water in time freeze-up water winter, in order to tree body safe overwintering.
(4) pruning: the winter cuts and will dredge verticillate skeleton branch and peripheral close living bough and competitive branch, water sprout, sick branch, and weak master branch is cut in contracting, and the bud of the suitable position of selecting and remain carries out little renewal, cultivates healthy and strong branch group; Summer pruning will remove the improper and excessively prosperous developmental branch in position, and the branch of inflorescence bottom sprouting of lateral bud is removed without exception, and the middle and lower part that overcomes boughs at different levels is naked bald, prevents that setting fruit position from moving outward; Pinching, May early and middle ten days, when tree crown heart thorax branch grows to 30-40 centimetre, stay 20-30 centimetre of pinching, promote bud to form, cultivate compact fruit-bearing shoot cluster.
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest: ring spot thank spend after 1 week spray 80% carbendazim 800 times of liquid; Southern blight, rely mainly on prevention, and the method for control is to note rich water quality management, strengthens tree vigo(u)r, and soil is wanted abundant slaking, prevents a day bright and freeze injury; Powdery mildew, after seedling grows 4-5 true leaves, spraying 0.5 Baume degrees rock glacier mixture sprays once every first quarter moon later immediately, to bearing tree, spraying 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs before germinateing; Peach fruit borer, before Overwintering Larvae is unearthed, mixes pesticide-clay mixture with 70% Phoxim emulsion and be sprinkled in soil and trap and kill in tree is lower; Hedge butterfly, will survive the winter, get over gregarious larvarium of summer and cut, and concentrate and burn, and during larva harm, spray 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim agent and prevented and kill off; 2500 times of control two spotted spider mite and dichocrocis punctiferalis sprayings are gone out and are swept profit.
(6) pluck: timely collecting is an important ring that improves large silk tops haw berry food quality, must pluck in time, and collecting method plucks, rocks, beats three kinds for cutting, will process in time after gathering, sell or store.
A kind of cultivation method of large silk tops thornbuss, its beneficial effect is: can make large silk tops thornbuss grow up strong and sturdy, and can produce and there emerged a large delicious high-quality nine mountain red hawthorn fruits.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Select soil: select loam or the sandy loam of deep fertile level land, hills and the mountain region section of easy grade of soil layer, soil depth, more than 50 centimetres, can easily be irrigated and drain flooded fields.Grow seedlings, large silk tops Hawthorn Seeds prior to seeding, be processed in advance, guarantees germination rate, after planting obtain root turion, plant and carry out grafting in nursery, spring, summer, Qiu Junke carry out, and adopt bud grafting or scion grafting, take bud grafting as main, then select transplant to land for growing field crops strong sprout, mu is planted 200 strains.Clay fertilizer water management: slaking is ploughed deeply in soil, improvement soil, the permeability of increase soil; Use sufficient base manure, 180 kilograms of autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizers are executed in strain; Topdress, within 1 year, chase after fertilizer 3 times, when mid-March, resin started to flow, every strain imposes 1 kilogram, urea, and the required nutrition with the supplemental tree bulk-growth, lay a solid foundation for improving fruit-setting rate; 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in the every strain of Xie Huahou, to improve fruit-setting rate; Before flower bud differentiation at 7 the end of month, 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, and 0.5 kilogram of potassium sulphate, to promote fruit growth, improve fruit quality; Should keep thornbuss not to be subject to arid throughout the year, water in time freeze-up water winter, in order to tree body safe overwintering.Pruning: the winter cuts and will dredge verticillate skeleton branch and peripheral close living bough and competitive branch, water sprout, sick branch, and weak master branch is cut in contracting, and the bud of the suitable position of selecting and remain carries out little renewal, cultivates healthy and strong branch group; Summer pruning will remove the improper and excessively prosperous developmental branch in position, and the branch of inflorescence bottom sprouting of lateral bud is removed without exception, and the middle and lower part that overcomes boughs at different levels is naked bald, prevents that setting fruit position from moving outward; Pinching, May early and middle ten days, when tree crown heart thorax branch grows to 30-40 centimetre, stay 20-30 centimetre of pinching, promote bud to form, cultivate compact fruit-bearing shoot cluster.The extermination of disease and insect pest: ring spot thank spend after 1 week spray 80% carbendazim 800 times of liquid; Southern blight, rely mainly on prevention, and the method for control is to note rich water quality management, strengthens tree vigo(u)r, and soil is wanted abundant slaking, prevents a day bright and freeze injury; Powdery mildew, after seedling grows 4-5 true leaves, spraying 0.5 Baume degrees rock glacier mixture sprays once every first quarter moon later immediately, to bearing tree, spraying 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs before germinateing; Peach fruit borer, before Overwintering Larvae is unearthed, mixes pesticide-clay mixture with 70% Phoxim emulsion and be sprinkled in soil and trap and kill in tree is lower; Hedge butterfly, will survive the winter, get over gregarious larvarium of summer and cut, and concentrate and burn, and during larva harm, spray 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim agent and prevented and kill off; 2500 times of control two spotted spider mite and dichocrocis punctiferalis sprayings are gone out and are swept profit.Timely collecting is an important ring that improves large silk tops haw berry food quality, must pluck in time, and collecting method plucks, rocks, beats three kinds for cutting, will process in time after gathering, sell or store.
Embodiment 2:
Select soil: select loam or the sandy loam of deep fertile level land, hills and the mountain region section of easy grade of soil layer, soil depth, more than 50 centimetres, can easily be irrigated and drain flooded fields.Grow seedlings, large silk tops Hawthorn Seeds prior to seeding, be processed in advance, guarantees germination rate, after planting obtain root turion, plant and carry out grafting in nursery, spring, summer, Qiu Junke carry out, and adopt bud grafting or scion grafting, take bud grafting as main, then select transplant to land for growing field crops strong sprout, mu is planted 220 strains.Clay fertilizer water management: slaking is ploughed deeply in soil, improvement soil, the permeability of increase soil; Use sufficient base manure, 200 kilograms of autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizers are executed in strain; Topdress, within 1 year, chase after fertilizer 3 times, when mid-March, resin started to flow, every strain imposes 1 kilogram, urea, and the required nutrition with the supplemental tree bulk-growth, lay a solid foundation for improving fruit-setting rate; 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in the every strain of Xie Huahou, to improve fruit-setting rate; Before flower bud differentiation at 7 the end of month, 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, and 0.5 kilogram of potassium sulphate, to promote fruit growth, improve fruit quality; Should keep thornbuss not to be subject to arid throughout the year, water in time freeze-up water winter, in order to tree body safe overwintering.Pruning: the winter cuts and will dredge verticillate skeleton branch and peripheral close living bough and competitive branch, water sprout, sick branch, and weak master branch is cut in contracting, and the bud of the suitable position of selecting and remain carries out little renewal, cultivates healthy and strong branch group; Summer pruning will remove the improper and excessively prosperous developmental branch in position, and the branch of inflorescence bottom sprouting of lateral bud is removed without exception, and the middle and lower part that overcomes boughs at different levels is naked bald, prevents that setting fruit position from moving outward; Pinching, May early and middle ten days, when tree crown heart thorax branch grows to 30-40 centimetre, stay 20-30 centimetre of pinching, promote bud to form, cultivate compact fruit-bearing shoot cluster.The extermination of disease and insect pest: ring spot thank spend after 1 week spray 80% carbendazim 800 times of liquid; Southern blight, rely mainly on prevention, and the method for control is to note rich water quality management, strengthens tree vigo(u)r, and soil is wanted abundant slaking, prevents a day bright and freeze injury; Powdery mildew, after seedling grows 4-5 true leaves, spraying 0.5 Baume degrees rock glacier mixture sprays once every first quarter moon later immediately, to bearing tree, spraying 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs before germinateing; Peach fruit borer, before Overwintering Larvae is unearthed, mixes pesticide-clay mixture with 70% Phoxim emulsion and be sprinkled in soil and trap and kill in tree is lower; Hedge butterfly, will survive the winter, get over gregarious larvarium of summer and cut, and concentrate and burn, and during larva harm, spray 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim agent and prevented and kill off; 2500 times of control two spotted spider mite and dichocrocis punctiferalis sprayings are gone out and are swept profit.Timely collecting is an important ring that improves large silk tops haw berry food quality, must pluck in time, and collecting method plucks, rocks, beats three kinds for cutting, will process in time after gathering, sell or store.
Claims (3)
1. the cultivation method of a large silk tops thornbuss is characterized in that: step (1)) select soil: select loam or the sandy loam of deep fertile level land, hills and the mountain region section of easy grade of soil layer, soil depth, more than 50 centimetres, can easily be irrigated and drain flooded fields; Step (2) is grown seedlings, and large silk tops Hawthorn Seeds prior to seeding, be processed in advance, guarantees germination rate, after planting obtain root turion, plant and carry out grafting in nursery, spring, summer, Qiu Junke carry out, and adopt bud grafting or scion grafting, take bud grafting as main, then select transplant to land for growing field crops strong sprout, mu is planted the 200-220 strain; Step (3) clay fertilizer water management: slaking is ploughed deeply in soil, improvement soil, the permeability of increase soil; Use sufficient base manure, autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 180-200 kilogram is executed in strain; Topdress, within 1 year, chase after fertilizer 3 times, when mid-March, resin started to flow, every strain imposes 1 kilogram, urea, and the required nutrition with the supplemental tree bulk-growth, lay a solid foundation for improving fruit-setting rate; 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in the every strain of Xie Huahou, to improve fruit-setting rate; Before flower bud differentiation at 7 the end of month, 0.5 kilogram, urea is executed in every strain, 1.5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, and 0.5 kilogram of potassium sulphate, to promote fruit growth, improve fruit quality; Should keep thornbuss not to be subject to arid throughout the year, water in time freeze-up water winter, in order to tree body safe overwintering; Step (4) pruning: the winter cuts and will dredge verticillate skeleton branch and peripheral close living bough and competitive branch, water sprout, sick branch, and weak master branch is cut in contracting, and the bud of the suitable position of selecting and remain carries out little renewal, cultivates healthy and strong branch group; Summer pruning will remove the improper and excessively prosperous developmental branch in position, and the branch of inflorescence bottom sprouting of lateral bud is removed without exception, and the middle and lower part that overcomes boughs at different levels is naked bald, prevents that setting fruit position from moving outward; Pinching, May early and middle ten days, when tree crown heart thorax branch grows to 30-40 centimetre, stay 20-30 centimetre of pinching, promote bud to form, cultivate compact fruit-bearing shoot cluster; Step (5) extermination of disease and insect pest: ring spot thank spend after 1 week spray 80% carbendazim 800 times of liquid; Southern blight, rely mainly on prevention, and the method for control is to note rich water quality management, strengthens tree vigo(u)r, and soil is wanted abundant slaking, prevents a day bright and freeze injury; Powdery mildew, after seedling grows 4-5 true leaves, spraying 0.5 Baume degrees rock glacier mixture sprays once every first quarter moon later immediately, to bearing tree, spraying 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs before germinateing; Peach fruit borer, before Overwintering Larvae is unearthed, mixes pesticide-clay mixture with 70% Phoxim emulsion and be sprinkled in soil and trap and kill in tree is lower; Hedge butterfly, will survive the winter, get over gregarious larvarium of summer and cut, and concentrate and burn, and during larva harm, spray 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim agent and prevented and kill off; 2500 times of control two spotted spider mite and dichocrocis punctiferalis sprayings are gone out and are swept profit; Step (6) timely collecting is an important ring that improves large silk tops haw berry food quality, must pluck in time, and collecting method plucks, rocks, beats three kinds for cutting, will process in time after gathering, sell or store.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of large silk tops thornbuss according to claim 1, the feature of its step (2) is: it is 200 that described mu is planted large silk tops thornbuss.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of large silk tops thornbuss according to claim 1, the feature of its step (3) is: it is 180 kilograms that the autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is executed in described strain.
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| CN2012101668745A CN103444478A (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Cultivation method for large-ball hawthorn tree |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103814790A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-28 | 桂永帅 | Method for cultivating large-fruited Chinese hawthorns by grafting |
| CN104396680A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-11 | 陈辉 | Grape southern blight controlling method |
| CN104871884A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-02 | 胡凡营 | Biological control method of hawthorn powdery mildew |
| CN104920079A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-23 | 黄达龙 | Thorntree grafting planting method |
| CN105210763A (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2016-01-06 | 冯子桐 | A kind of method of biological control hawthorn powdery mildew |
| CN106718578A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 阜阳市颍泉区玉寿种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods for improving hawthorn sugar content |
-
2012
- 2012-05-28 CN CN2012101668745A patent/CN103444478A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103814790A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-28 | 桂永帅 | Method for cultivating large-fruited Chinese hawthorns by grafting |
| CN104396680A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-11 | 陈辉 | Grape southern blight controlling method |
| CN104871884A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-02 | 胡凡营 | Biological control method of hawthorn powdery mildew |
| CN104920079A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-23 | 黄达龙 | Thorntree grafting planting method |
| CN105210763A (en) * | 2015-09-19 | 2016-01-06 | 冯子桐 | A kind of method of biological control hawthorn powdery mildew |
| CN106718578A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 阜阳市颍泉区玉寿种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods for improving hawthorn sugar content |
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Application publication date: 20131218 |