CN105210763A

CN105210763A - A kind of method of biological control hawthorn powdery mildew

Info

Publication number: CN105210763A
Application number: CN201510621138.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯子桐
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-09-19
Filing date: 2015-09-19
Publication date: 2016-01-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method of biological control hawthorn powdery mildew, comprise following content: (1) strengthens cultivation management.Control rich water well, nitrogen fertilizer application partially, do not make garden soil too arid, reasonable flower thinning, dredge leaf; (2) remove and just contaminates source: adhere to that annual autumn cleans orchard, nursery, plane tree dish, ploughs tree in the ranks, root out spontaneous root turion and wild[l, burn diseased plant, sick fruit, sick leaf requirement thoroughly remove in time; (3) chemical control: the biopesticide adopting Chinese herbal medicine chaulmoogra, Ligusticum wallichii, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry, Psoralea corylifolia, Swamp Mahogany Leaf to make is sprayed, and through field trial, control efficiency is good, non agricultural chemical residuum, environment-friendly and green.

Description

A kind of method of biological control hawthorn powdery mildew

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and controls of plant disease, particularly relate to the method for one one kinds of biological control hawthorn powdery mildews.

Background technology

Applicant is in conjunction with middle school's biological knowledge, according to the requirement of Senior Biology field study, conscientiously careful observation is carried out to the powdery mildew that the hawthorn be planted in oneself hawthorn garden occurs, attempt to disclose its regularity of occurrence and development, and utilize the Chinese herbal medicine resource of China's abundant, carry out Biological Control Test, experiment results proved, biological control is Be very effective not only, and non agricultural chemical residuum, Environmental Safety.

At the beginning of hawthorn powdery mildew blade is caught an illness, leaf two sides produces white powder spot, and time serious, white powder covers whole blade, and surface grows black small grain point, i.e. germ cleistothecium.Young sprout is caught an illness nascent pink scab, and later stage disease portion is covered with white powder, the weak or shortened internodes of young sprout growth, and the vertical volume of its blade distortion, serious is withered.Young fruit is caught an illness, and fruit face covers one deck white powder thing, the sclerosis of sick portion, be full of cracks, and cause deformity, the fruit nearly maturing stage is injured, and produces bronzing scab, and fruit face is coarse.At present, China is in the control of hawthorn powdery mildew, and chemical control is still occupied an leading position, and causes pollution in various degree to Fructus Crataegi and planting environment, and harm people's is healthy.Therefore, carry out that bionomic control combines with biological control without residual hazard, pollution-free, non-harmfully prevent and treat new technology and be more and more subject to people's attention.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of control efficiency significantly, the method for the biological control hawthorn powdery mildew of non agricultural chemical residuum, non-environmental-pollution.

The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, the method for this biological control hawthorn powdery mildew comprises the following steps:

(1) cultivation management is strengthened.Control rich water well, nitrogen fertilizer application partially, do not make garden soil too arid, reasonable flower thinning, dredge leaf.

(2) remove and just contaminates source: adhere to that annual autumn cleans orchard, nursery, plane tree dish, ploughs tree in the ranks, roots out from taking root Tiller and wild[l, burn diseased plant, sick fruit, sick leaf requirement thoroughly remove in time.

(3) chemical control: the biopesticide control adopting Chinese herbal medicine to make, described biopesticide is made up of the Chinese herbal medicine of following weight portion: chaulmoogra 16-22 part, Ligusticum wallichii 16-22 part, root bark of Chinese wolf-berry 24-28, Psoralea corylifolia 24-28 part, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 24-28 part.

Preferred: chaulmoogra 19 parts, Ligusticum wallichii 19 parts, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry 26 parts, Psoralea corylifolia 26 parts, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 26 parts.

Preparation method: take chaulmoogra, Ligusticum wallichii, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry, Psoralea corylifolia, Swamp Mahogany Leaf pulverizing, put in closed container, add appropriate amount of ethanol, cover dipping, stir, place after 5 days, incline and supernatant; Add 50% ~ 75% appropriate amount of ethanol again in the dregs of a decoction, flood 5 days according to upper method, incline to, merge two liquid, stir evenly and obtain agricultural chemicals tincture.

Pharmacological action: in chaulmoogra, contained chaulmoogra oil all has very strong inhibitory action to various fungi, bacterium; The gallic acid contained in Swamp Mahogany Leaf, phenols, sterol, triterpenes etc. all have different sterilizations, antibacterial action to various fungi, bacterium; The effective ingredient of Ligusticum wallichii, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry, Psoralea corylifolia also has stronger antibacterial action.

Field trial:

Except except first 2 of the prophylactico-therapeutic measures of hawthorn powdery mildew, main employing biopesticide of the present invention is prevented and treated.

The preparation method of test organism agricultural chemicals: take Chinese herbal medicine chaulmoogra 190 grams, Ligusticum wallichii 190 grams, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry 260 grams, Psoralea corylifolia 260 grams, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 260 grams pulverizing, put in closed container, add appropriate amount of ethanol, cover dipping, stir, place after 5 days, incline and supernatant; 50% ~ 75% appropriate amount of ethanol is added again in the dregs of a decoction, 5 days are flooded according to upper method, incline to, merge two liquid, stir evenly and obtain agricultural chemicals tincture, then be diluted with water to 150 times, 200 times, 250 times, and compare with 20% triazolone missible oil, 2000 times of liquid and clear water, field control effectiveness test is carried out to hawthorn powdery mildew, so that beneficial effect of the present invention to be described better, result of the test is as shown in table 1 below.

Experimental field be positioned at oneself hawthorn plantation of Linyi City Yinan County applicant, send out powdery mildew, test in first 7 days and process of the test and do not use other agricultural chemicals.Experimental field soil property is medium, and rich water is medium, and management is consistent.Duration of test temperature at 25 ~ 30 degrees Celsius, mean temperature 28 degrees Celsius; 20% triazolone missible oil, 2000 times of liquid are established in this field trial; 150 times of liquid of this biopesticide, 200 times of liquid, 250 times of liquid; Clear water (CK).Totally 5 process.Each process repetition 3 times, totally 15 process communities, often process community according to the medicament preparation listed by table 1, growing way and the basically identical field of morbidity is selected to start phase the 1st medication in hawthorn powdery mildew, after this every 7d medication 1 time, continuous 2 times, use knapsack sprayer, amount of liquid medicine standard is 30kg/ mu, and blade and stem by medicine evenly, avoid liquid to drift about.After first time dispenser, second time medicine is executed at interval after 7 days, altogether dispenser twice.After each dispenser, the 7th afternoon unified investigation hawthorn powdery mildew state of an illness, lesion area, calculate disease index, control efficiency.3 points are evenly fixed in Cha Shimei community, often 2 strains, totally 6 strains.

Drug effect standard: scab grade scale is as follows.Leaf, fruit occurring degree are divided into 5 grades, hawthorn powdery mildew Seriousness gradation standard: 0 grade: leaf, fruit are without scab; 1 grade: scab account for leaf, fruit area less than 5%; 2 grades: scab account for leaf, fruit area 6% ~ 10%; 3 grades: scab account for leaf, fruit area 11% ~ 25%; 4 grades: scab account for leaf, fruit area 26% ~ 50%; 5 grades: scab account for leaf, fruit area more than 50%.Disease refers to calculate as follows with control efficiency:

Experimental result:

Table 1 different disposal is to the control efficiency of hawthorn powdery mildew

Conclusive table 1 result of the test can draw, after twice dispenser, biopesticide to the control efficiency of hawthorn powdery mildew all more than 70%, successful, and higher than 20% triazolone missible oil, 2000 times of liquid.The process of biopesticide 3 various dose along with the increase of spraying times is in rising trend, reaches good control efficiency to the control efficiency of hawthorn powdery mildew, and medicament efficiency time is long.Experimental session is observed, and biopesticide is to thornbuss without poisoning, and safety is good.The above results shows biopesticide of the present invention Be very effective in control hawthorn powdery mildew.

Embodiment

(2) remove primary source of infection: adhere to that annual autumn cleans orchard, nursery, plane tree dish, ploughs tree in the ranks, roots out from taking root Tiller and wild[l, burns diseased plant, sick fruit, sick leaf requirement thoroughly remove in time.

(3) chemical control: the biopesticide control adopting Chinese herbal medicine to make, take Chinese herbal medicine chaulmoogra 190 grams, Ligusticum wallichii 190 grams, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry 260 grams, Psoralea corylifolia 260 grams, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 260 grams pulverizing, put in closed container, add appropriate amount of ethanol, cover dipping, stir, place after 5 days, incline and supernatant; Add 50% ~ 75% appropriate amount of ethanol again in the dregs of a decoction, flood 5 days according to upper method, incline to, merge two liquid, stir evenly and obtain agricultural chemicals tincture, be then diluted with water to 150-250 times of liquid spraying.

Claims

1. a method for biological control hawthorn powdery mildew, is characterized in that the method for this biological control hawthorn powdery mildew comprises the following steps:

(1) cultivation management is strengthened.Control rich water well, nitrogen fertilizer application partially, do not make garden soil too arid, reasonable flower thinning, dredge leaf;

(2) remove and just contaminates source: adhere to that annual autumn cleans orchard, nursery, plane tree dish, ploughs tree in the ranks, root out spontaneous root turion and wild[l, burn diseased plant, sick fruit, sick leaf requirement thoroughly remove in time;

2. the method for a kind of biological control hawthorn powdery mildew according to claim 1, is characterized in that described biopesticide is made up of the Chinese herbal medicine of following weight portion: chaulmoogra 19 parts, Ligusticum wallichii 19 parts, the root bark of Chinese wolf-berry 26 parts, Psoralea corylifolia 26 parts, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 26 parts.