Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is the defect that solves the problem, and the advantage will illustrated after providing.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of preventing and treating agalloch eaglewood insect pest, significantly reduces the insect pest incidence of disease of agalloch eaglewood, improves the survival rate of agalloch eaglewood sapling, shorten the Edgeworthia chrysantha time simultaneously.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of expelling parasite ring; it is be set to a kind of circular cylindrical container cavity removably connected by left ring body and right ring body that sapling established by card after starting seedlings; the inside of left ring body and right ring body is the hollow space holding insect repellant solution; thus reach anthelmintic action; the growth of protection sapling; and directly do not contact generation ill-effect with sapling; do not residue in soil; be combined azedarach, rheum officinale, Chinese prickly ash, dried peppermint leaf, tree-of-heaven leaf can expelling parasite as the insect repellant solution of key component, can also play certain sterilizing disease-preventing effect.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing a kind of method of preventing and treating agalloch eaglewood insect pest, comprise the following steps:
Step one: dig plant hole in plantation, collect backfill soil, described plant hole diameter is 50 ~ 65cm, the degree of depth is 40 ~ 60cm, in each plant hole, after using 80g base fertilizer, use ash and water 1: the 100 plant ash solution 60g prepared in mass ratio, use 50g base fertilizer after 3 ~ 5 days, then use described plant ash solution 40g, plant after 15 ~ 20 days;
Step 2: at the cloudy day in March, the agalloch eaglewood sapling that the age of tree is 1 year is uprightly planted by cave one strain, the backfill soil of collection is divided into two parts, part backfill soil mixes with 150 ~ 200g base fertilizer, be backfilled to described plant hole, it is the top layer of 10 ~ 20cm that another part backfill soil covers Formation Depth on described plant hole, has planted and has watered once;
Step 3: after plantation, sapling near root place sheathed expelling parasite ring, remove described expelling parasite ring after 3 ~ 5 years, within first 6 months, every 7 ~ 12d waters once, every 10 ~ 15d sealing fertilizer once;
Described expelling parasite ring is circular cylindrical, internal diameter is 15 ~ 20cm, described expelling parasite ring is removably connected by left ring body and right ring body, described left ring body and described right ring body form the cylindric container cavity that sapling established by card, the inside of described left ring body and described right ring body is the hollow space holding insect repellant solution, the upper surface of described left ring body and described right ring body is set to the lid can opened or close, it offers multiple hole, and the connecting portion of described left ring body and described right ring body is fixedly installed the Magnetic adhesive mat that can attract each other respectively;
Step 4: plant after 6 months, waters once in every 20 ~ 30 days, every 1 ~ 2 month sealing fertilizer once, carries out a weeding every 3 ~ 4 months, after 2 years, and annual sealing fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time.
Preferably, the preparation method of described insect repellant solution is:
S1, by azedarach and rheum officinale in mass ratio 1: 1 pulverize after, the Chinese ephedra adding 3 times of azedarach quality stirs fry in oil after system 20 ~ 30min and cools, and obtains the first mixture;
S2, by Chinese prickly ash pulverize after frying 10 ~ 15min, add the water of the quality of 6 times of described Chinese prickly ashes, and pulverize after dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaf, wherein, the mass ratio of dried peppermint leaf, tree-of-heaven leaf and Chinese prickly ash is 2: 4: 1, after decocting 30 ~ 35min at 50 ~ 55 DEG C, filter, get filter residue, mixed with described first mixture by described filter residue, obtain the second mixture, in described second mixture, add mass fraction is obtain described insect repellant solution after the alcohol of 75%, wherein, the quality of described alcohol and the mass ratio of described second mixture are 2: 1.
Preferably, plant in step 4 after 6 months, except the outer surface at germination position is wound around black belt on sapling trunk, plant and remove described black belt after 1 year;
Described black belt is through pretreatment: drain after black belt is soaked 40 ~ 60min in liquid, obtain after repeating immersion 2 ~ 3 times, described liquid is the water adding 10 times of second mixture quality in described second mixture, after 50 ~ 55 DEG C of decoction 1 ~ 2h, filters the solution obtained.
Preferably, in step 2, the front described sapling of plantation is through pretreatment: be soak 1 ~ 2h in the glucose solution of 3% at mass fraction by the root of sapling, submergence 1 ~ 3cm, then at a tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from root 8 ~ 10cm place, described tangent plane 10 ~ 15s is sprayed with frozen water, treat that water drains, tung oil is coated at described tangent plane, tangent plane is covered with preservative film, the side shoot of sapling bottom and blade are cut off, several 6 ~ 12 leaves are kept on top here, and every sheet leaf is cut off half, remove preservative film after 10 ~ 20 days.
Preferably, after plantation, annual incision once described tangent plane, is sprayed at after on described tangent plane with the formic acid solution that mass fraction is 1%, treat that water drains, coat tung oil at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane position with preservative film, remove preservative film after 10 ~ 20 days, carry out 1 ~ 2 year continuously.
Preferably, described base fertilizer is chaff slag, cow dung, fish excrement and water obtains according to after mass ratio 5: 3: 1: 500 fermentation maturity.
Preferably, described composite fertilizer is after urea, calcium phosphate and potassium sulfate mix according to mass ratio 6: 3: 2, adds 800 ~ 900 times of water and obtains.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1, the expelling parasite ring that circular cylindrical is set for 3 ~ 5 years after starting seedlings, expelling parasite ring is by left ring body and the dismountable connection of right ring body, be fastened near sapling root, the inside of left ring body and right ring body is the hollow space holding insect repellant solution, by the multiple holes offered at the upper surface of left ring body and right ring body, the smell from dispersing that insect repellant solution distributes reaches the object of expelling parasite, upper surface is set to the lid can opened or close, conveniently pour into and change insect repellant solution, connecting portion is fixedly installed the Magnetic adhesive mat that can attract each other and realizes the dismountable connection of left and right ring body, be convenient to install and take off, handled easily, insect repellant solution in expelling parasite ring does not directly contact with sapling, do not residue in soil, and improve the survival rate of agalloch eaglewood sapling.
2, using components such as azedarach, rheum officinale, Chinese prickly ash, dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaves as the composition of insect repellant solution, the various volatile oil contained in component and the penetrating odor of generation can expel the insects such as tortrix moth, also certain sterilizing disease-preventing effect can be played, what obtain is key component with azedarach, rheum officinale, Chinese prickly ash, dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaf second mixture effect is lasting simultaneously, better disperse after adding alcohol, therefore can repeatedly use, alcohol is filled into, Be very effective and save raw material every a period of time.
3, plant after 6 months, except the outer surface at germination position coils through the black belt that immersion treatment in liquid crosses on sapling trunk, in liquid, azedarach, rheum officinale, Chinese prickly ash, dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaf liquid are primary functional components, make black belt can expelling parasite, play the effect at low temperature season warming simultaneously, promote the healthy growth of sapling.
4, before sapling plantation, sapling is through pretreatment, soaking grapes sugar juice can promote root growth, improve the survival rate of sapling, at a tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from root 8 ~ 10cm place, tung oil is coated with after frozen water spray, frozen water spray causes stimulation to sapling, memory is formed to tangent plane, after tung oil can make tangent plane heal, after within continuous 1 ~ 2 year, cutting tangent plane, tung oil is coated after being sprayed at tangent plane with formic acid solution, repeat to cut tangent plane and stimulate sapling, activate wound, formic acid can better promote that sapling grows, resin is produced as early as possible after tangent plane sprinkling can make sapling grow up to, shorten the time producing high-quality agalloch eaglewood, cover tangent plane with preservative film and can protect sapling at the tangent plane healing initial stage not by the interference of damage by disease and insect.
5, plant ash solution is being used after first using base fertilizer in each plant hole, soil fertility can be made to strengthen, after the ash used contribute to disease-resistant, the cold tolerance that strengthen seedling, again base fertilizer is used after 3 ~ 5 days, and plant ash solution, be that the fertilizer in order to make first time use fully infiltrates soil layer, plant after 15 ~ 20 days, the fertilizer used made can play one's part to the full, and strengthens soil fertility, after sapling plantation, also can not burn seedling.
The backfill soil part backfill soil of 6, collecting mixes with base fertilizer, be backfilled to plant hole, it is the top layer of 10 ~ 20cm that another part backfill soil covers Formation Depth on plant hole, the soil making fertilizer efficiency stronger is at deep subsoil, constantly can promote the growth of sapling and the absorption of root nutrition, top layer 10 ~ 20cm backfill soil directly contacts with sapling, does not add base fertilizer and can avoid burning seedling.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
Step one: dig plant hole in plantation, collect backfill soil, described plant hole diameter is 50cm, the degree of depth is 40cm, in each plant hole, after using 80g base fertilizer, use ash and water 1: the 100 plant ash solution 60g prepared in mass ratio, use 50g base fertilizer after 3 days, then use described plant ash solution 40g, plant after 15 days.
Wherein, described base fertilizer is chaff slag, cow dung, fish excrement and water obtains according to after mass ratio 5: 3: 1: 500 fermentation maturity.
Step 2: at the cloudy day in March, uprightly planting the age of tree by cave one strain is 1 year, root depth is more than the agalloch eaglewood sapling of 4cm, the backfill soil of collection is divided into two parts, part backfill soil mixes with 150g base fertilizer, be backfilled to described plant hole, it is the top layer of 10cm that another part backfill soil covers Formation Depth on described plant hole, has planted and has watered once.
Before plantation, described sapling is through pretreatment: be soak 1h in the glucose solution of 3% at mass fraction by the root of sapling, submergence 1cm, then at a tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from root 8cm place, spray described tangent plane 10s with frozen water, treat that water drains, tung oil is coated at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane with preservative film, the side shoot of sapling bottom and blade are cut off, several 6 leaves are kept on top here, and every sheet leaf is cut off half, remove preservative film after 10 days.
Step 3: after plantation, sapling near root place sheathed expelling parasite ring, remove described expelling parasite ring after 3 years, within first 6 months, every 7d waters once, every 10d sealing fertilizer once.
Fig. 1 is according to a kind of way of realization of the present invention, provide the structural representation of expelling parasite ring, it is circular cylindrical, and internal diameter is 15cm, described expelling parasite ring is removably connected by left ring body 1 and right ring body 2, and described left ring body 1 and described right ring body 2 form the cylindric container cavity that sapling established by card.
Fig. 2 provides the structural representation of left ring body, described left ring body 1 is identical with the structure of described right ring body 2, the connecting portion of described left ring body 1 and described right ring body 2 is fixedly installed the Magnetic adhesive mat 110 that can attract each other respectively, the inside of described left ring body and described right ring body is the hollow space 120 holding insect repellant solution, the upper surface of described left ring body and described right ring body is set to the lid 130 can opened or close, and it offers multiple hole 140.
The preparation method of described insect repellant solution is:
S1, by azedarach and rheum officinale in mass ratio 1: 1 pulverize after, the Chinese ephedra adding 3 times of azedarach quality stirs fry in oil after 20min processed and cools, and obtains the first mixture;
S2, by Chinese prickly ash pulverize after frying 10min, add the water of the quality of 6 times of described Chinese prickly ashes, and pulverize after dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaf, wherein, the mass ratio of dried peppermint leaf, tree-of-heaven leaf and Chinese prickly ash is 2: 4: 1, after decocting 30min at 50 DEG C, filter, get filter residue, mixed with described first mixture by described filter residue, obtain the second mixture, in described second mixture, add mass fraction is obtain described insect repellant solution after the alcohol of 75%, wherein, the quality of described alcohol and the mass ratio of described second mixture are 2: 1.
When expelling parasite ring uses, first open the lid 130 of left ring body and the lid 130 of right ring body respectively, pour into insect repellant solution in hollow space 120 after, lid 130 is closed, then by Magnetic adhesive mat 110, left ring body and right ring body are fastened on respectively the root place of close sapling, insect repellant solution reaches the object of expelling parasite by multiple holes 140 giving forth fragrance on lid 130, in expelling parasite ring, fill into alcohol after a period of time, after filling into 3 alcohol, change insect repellant solution and alcohol in expelling parasite ring.
Step 4: plant after 6 months, waters once in every 20 days, every 1 month sealing fertilizer once, carries out a weeding at quarterly intervals, after 2 years, and annual sealing fertilizer 1 time.
Described composite fertilizer is after urea, calcium phosphate and potassium sulfate mix according to mass ratio 6: 3: 2, adds 800 ~ 900 times of water and obtains.
Plant after 6 months, except the outer surface at germination position is wound around black belt on sapling trunk, plant and remove described black belt after 1 year.
Described black belt is through pretreatment: drain after black belt is soaked 40min in liquid, and obtain after repeating immersion 2 times, described liquid is the water adding 10 times of second mixture quality in described second mixture, 50 DEG C decoct 1h after, filter the solution obtained.
Plant and cut once described tangent plane in latter 1 year, be sprayed at after on described tangent plane with the formic acid solution that mass fraction is 1%, treat that water drains, coat tung oil at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane position with preservative film, after 10 days, remove preservative film.
Embodiment 2
Step one: dig plant hole in plantation, collect backfill soil, described plant hole diameter is 65cm, the degree of depth is 60cm, in each plant hole, after using 80g base fertilizer, use ash and water 1: the 100 plant ash solution 60g prepared in mass ratio, use 50g base fertilizer after 5 days, then use described plant ash solution 40g, plant after 20 days.
Wherein, described base fertilizer is chaff slag, cow dung, fish excrement and water obtains according to after mass ratio 5: 3: 1: 500 fermentation maturity.
Step 2: at the cloudy day in March, uprightly planting the age of tree by cave one strain is 1 year, root depth is more than the agalloch eaglewood sapling of 4cm, the backfill soil of collection is divided into two parts, part backfill soil mixes with 200g base fertilizer, be backfilled to described plant hole, it is the top layer of 20cm that another part backfill soil covers Formation Depth on described plant hole, has planted and has watered once.
Before plantation, described sapling is through pretreatment: be soak 2h in the glucose solution of 3% at mass fraction by the root of sapling, submergence 3cm, then at a tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from root 10cm place, spray described tangent plane 15s with frozen water, treat that water drains, tung oil is coated at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane with preservative film, the side shoot of sapling bottom and blade are cut off, several 12 leaves are kept on top here, and every sheet leaf is cut off half, remove preservative film after 20 days.
Step 3: after plantation, sapling near root place sheathed expelling parasite ring, remove described expelling parasite ring after 5 years, within first 6 months, every 12d waters once, every 15d sealing fertilizer once.
Expelling parasite ring is circular cylindrical, and internal diameter is 20cm, and described expelling parasite ring is removably connected by left ring body and right ring body, and described left ring body and described right ring body form the cylindric container cavity that sapling established by card.
Described left ring body is identical with the structure of described right ring body, the connecting portion of described left ring body and described right ring body is fixedly installed the Magnetic adhesive mat that can attract each other respectively, the inside of described left ring body and described right ring body is the hollow space holding insect repellant solution, the upper surface of described left ring body and described right ring body is set to the lid can opened or close, and it offers multiple hole.
The preparation method of described insect repellant solution is:
S1, by azedarach and rheum officinale in mass ratio 1: 1 pulverize after, the Chinese ephedra adding 3 times of azedarach quality stirs fry in oil after 30min processed and cools, and obtains the first mixture;
S2, by Chinese prickly ash pulverize after frying 15min, add the water of the quality of 6 times of described Chinese prickly ashes, and pulverize after dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaf, wherein, the mass ratio of dried peppermint leaf, tree-of-heaven leaf and Chinese prickly ash is 2: 4: 1, after decocting 35min at 55 DEG C, filter, get filter residue, mixed with described first mixture by described filter residue, obtain the second mixture, in described second mixture, add mass fraction is obtain described insect repellant solution after the alcohol of 75%, wherein, the quality of described alcohol and the mass ratio of described second mixture are 2: 1.
When expelling parasite ring uses, first open the lid of left ring body and the lid of right ring body respectively, pour into insect repellant solution in hollow space after, cap seal is closed, then by Magnetic adhesive mat, left ring body and right ring body are fastened on respectively the root place of close sapling, insect repellant solution reaches the object of expelling parasite by the multiple hole giving forth fragrances covered, in expelling parasite ring, fill into alcohol after a period of time, after filling into 4 alcohol, change insect repellant solution and alcohol in expelling parasite ring.
Step 4: plant after 6 months, waters once in every 30 days, every 2 months sealing fertilizers once, carries out a weeding every 4 months, after 2 years, and annual sealing fertilizer 2 times.Described composite fertilizer is after urea, calcium phosphate and potassium sulfate mix according to mass ratio 6: 3: 2, adds 900 times of water and obtains.
Plant after 6 months, except the outer surface at germination position is wound around black belt on sapling trunk, plant and remove described black belt after 1 year.
Described black belt is through pretreatment: drain after black belt is soaked 60min in liquid, and obtain after repeating immersion 3 times, described liquid is the water adding 10 times of second mixture quality in described second mixture, 55 DEG C decoct 2h after, filter the solution obtained.
After plantation, annual incision once described tangent plane, is sprayed at after on described tangent plane with the formic acid solution that mass fraction is 1%, treats that water drains, coat tung oil at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane position, remove preservative film, carry out 2 years continuously after 20 days with preservative film.
Embodiment 3
Step one: dig plant hole in plantation, collect backfill soil, described plant hole diameter is 60cm, the degree of depth is 50cm, in each plant hole, after using 80g base fertilizer, use ash and water 1: the 100 plant ash solution 60g prepared in mass ratio, use 50g base fertilizer after 4 days, then use described plant ash solution 40g, plant after 18 days.
Wherein, described base fertilizer is chaff slag, cow dung, fish excrement and water obtains according to after mass ratio 5: 3: 1: 500 fermentation maturity.
Step 2: at the cloudy day in March, uprightly planting the age of tree by cave one strain is 1 year, root depth is more than the agalloch eaglewood sapling of 4cm, the backfill soil of collection is divided into two parts, part backfill soil mixes with 180g base fertilizer, be backfilled to described plant hole, it is the top layer of 15cm that another part backfill soil covers Formation Depth on described plant hole, has planted and has watered once.
Before plantation, described sapling is through pretreatment: be soak 1.5h in the glucose solution of 3% at mass fraction by the root of sapling, submergence 2cm, then at a tangent plane of cutting sth. askew apart from root 9cm place, spray described tangent plane 12s with frozen water, treat that water drains, tung oil is coated at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane with preservative film, the side shoot of sapling bottom and blade are cut off, several 10 leaves are kept on top here, and every sheet leaf is cut off half, remove preservative film after 15 days.
Step 3: after plantation, sapling near root place sheathed expelling parasite ring, remove described expelling parasite ring after 4 years, within first 6 months, every 10d waters once, every 12d sealing fertilizer once.
Expelling parasite ring is circular cylindrical, and internal diameter is 18cm, and described expelling parasite ring is removably connected by left ring body and right ring body, and described left ring body and described right ring body form the cylindric container cavity that sapling established by card.
Described left ring body is identical with the structure of described right ring body, the connecting portion of described left ring body and described right ring body is fixedly installed the Magnetic adhesive mat that can attract each other respectively, the inside of described left ring body and described right ring body is the hollow space holding insect repellant solution, the upper surface of described left ring body and described right ring body is set to the lid can opened or close, and it offers multiple hole.
The preparation method of described insect repellant solution is:
S1, by azedarach and rheum officinale in mass ratio 1: 1 pulverize after, the Chinese ephedra adding 3 times of azedarach quality stirs fry in oil after 25min processed and cools, and obtains the first mixture;
S2, by Chinese prickly ash pulverize after frying 12min, add the water of the quality of 6 times of described Chinese prickly ashes, and pulverize after dried peppermint leaf and tree-of-heaven leaf, wherein, the mass ratio of dried peppermint leaf, tree-of-heaven leaf and Chinese prickly ash is 2: 4: 1, after decocting 32min at 52 DEG C, filter, get filter residue, mixed with described first mixture by described filter residue, obtain the second mixture, in described second mixture, add mass fraction is obtain described insect repellant solution after the alcohol of 75%, wherein, the quality of described alcohol and the mass ratio of described second mixture are 2: 1.
When expelling parasite ring uses, first open the lid of left ring body and the lid of right ring body respectively, pour into insect repellant solution in hollow space after, cap seal is closed, then by Magnetic adhesive mat, left ring body and right ring body are fastened on respectively the root place of close sapling, insect repellant solution reaches the object of expelling parasite by the multiple hole giving forth fragrances covered, in expelling parasite ring, fill into alcohol after a period of time, after filling into 3 alcohol, change insect repellant solution and alcohol in expelling parasite ring.
Step 4: plant after 6 months, waters once in every 25 days, every 1 month sealing fertilizer once, carries out a weeding every 4 months, after 2 years, and annual sealing fertilizer 1 time.Described composite fertilizer is after urea, calcium phosphate and potassium sulfate mix according to mass ratio 6: 3: 2, adds 900 times of water and obtains.
Plant after 6 months, except the outer surface at germination position is wound around black belt on sapling trunk, plant and remove described black belt after 1 year.
Described black belt is through pretreatment: drain after black belt is soaked 50min in liquid, and obtain after repeating immersion 3 times, described liquid is the water adding 10 times of second mixture quality in described second mixture, 52 DEG C decoct 2h after, filter the solution obtained.
After plantation, annual incision once described tangent plane, is sprayed at after on described tangent plane with the formic acid solution that mass fraction is 1%, treats that water drains, coat tung oil at described tangent plane, cover tangent plane position, remove preservative film, carry out 2 years continuously after 10 days with preservative film.
In order to effect of the present invention is described, inventor selects the plantation that 2 each side conditions are identical, Stochastic choice 400 strain agalloch eaglewood seedling is planted in 2 plantations respectively as experiment material, one of them plantation adopts the method for the control agalloch eaglewood insect pest in embodiments of the invention 3, another plantation adopts common species method for planting, expelling parasite ring is not established in planting process, and the front sapling of plantation is without pretreatment, plant latter 1 year also without the need to cutting tangent plane, all the other are all identical with the implantation methods in embodiment 3, measure related data as follows:
Table 1 agalloch eaglewood growing state measures
As can be seen from Table 1, the method of control agalloch eaglewood of the present invention insect pest is adopted to compare with common agalloch eaglewood implantation methods, the method of control agalloch eaglewood of the present invention insect pest, owing to being provided with expelling parasite ring, significantly reduce the having worm strain rate of agalloch eaglewood, before have employed plantation in the present invention, sapling root soaks in glucose solution, and with frozen water process tangent plane, and within 1 year, cut the method for tangent plane after planting, the agalloch eaglewood survival rate of method plantation of the present invention is higher than common species method for planting, and compare common species method for planting, method of the present invention shortens the time needed for results high-quality agalloch eaglewood.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.