CN111279898A

CN111279898A - Rosemary cutting seedling method

Info

Publication number: CN111279898A
Application number: CN202010146572.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张衡; 陈慧
Original assignee: Xiangxi Dapa Rosemary Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiangxi Dapa Rosemary Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-05
Filing date: 2020-03-05
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-05
Also published as: CN111279898B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for raising seedlings of rosemary by cutting, which belongs to the technical field of rosemary asexual propagation and comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and preparing a seedbed; s2, cutting seedlings: shearing the semi-lignified branches which grow vigorously in the current year to obtain cutting scions; s3, cuttage: before cutting, putting the scion wood into 0.2g/L potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 3 minutes, cleaning the scion wood with clear water, wherein the cutting depth of the scion wood is 3-4cm, the row spacing of the cutting plants is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, watering the scion wood in a spraying mode after cutting, and fixing the scion wood through a centralizing device; s4, post management: watering once a day in a half month after cuttage to ensure that a seedbed is moist, spraying 800-time sterilizing liquid once every seven days from cuttage for 2-3 times, and performing foliar fertilization by using 3% monopotassium phosphate from ten days after cuttage; s5, transplanting and taking the seedlings, and solving the problem of low survival rate of seedlings obtained by rosemary cutting seedling.

Description

Rosemary cutting seedling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rosemary asexual propagation, in particular to a rosemary cutting seedling raising method.

Background

Rosemary is a shrub of the genus Rosmarinus of the family Labiatae, the class Dicotyledoneae. Sexual pleasure with warm climates, native European regions and the coast of the Mediterranean region in the northern part of Africa. The propagation method of rosemary mainly comprises seed propagation, cutting propagation and layering propagation. The cutting belongs to asexual reproduction, different vegetative organs of plants are selected as cutting slips, and the cutting slips are divided into branch cuttings, root cuttings, bud cuttings and leaf cuttings according to different organs. The cutting propagation can be rapidly shaped and blossomed, the seedling raising time is short, and the characteristics of the variety can be well maintained, so the method is widely applied.

At present, when rosemary is subjected to cutting seedling raising, a plurality of nonstandard operations still exist in the processes of cutting and later-stage management, so that the survival rate of seedlings is low, and the quality is uneven.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rosemary cutting seedling method, which solves the problem of low survival rate of seedlings obtained by rosemary cutting seedling.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a rosemary cutting seedling raising method comprises the following steps:

s1 seedbed selection and preparation

Selecting a field which is close to a water source, loose in soil quality, good in water permeability and not easy to harden after watering as a seedbed; soil is crushed and the compartment is finished, grass roots and grass seeds are removed, the compartment surface is required to be flat and fine, the width of the compartment surface is 0.8-1.1m, and the channel is not lower than 30 cm;

s2 cutting seedlings

Shearing semi-lignified branches which grow vigorously in the current year to obtain cutting ear strips, wherein at least 4 knots are reserved on each cutting ear strip, and when the cutting ear strips are sheared from a field, the sheared cutting ear strips need to be soaked in clear water as soon as possible and cannot be exposed to the sun to dehydrate the cutting ear strips;

s3, cutting

Before cutting, putting the scion wood into 0.2g/L potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 3 minutes, cleaning the scion wood with clear water, wherein the cutting depth of the scion wood is 3-4cm, the row spacing of the cutting plants is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, watering the scion wood in a spraying mode after cutting, and fixing the scion wood through a centralizing device;

s4, post management

Watering once a day in the latter half month of cuttage to ensure that a seedbed is moist, spraying 800-time sterilizing liquid once every seven days from cuttage for 2-3 times, and performing foliar fertilization by using 3% monopotassium phosphate from ten days after cuttage, wherein newly grown weeds need to be pulled out;

s5, transplanting and taking seedlings

Before seedling taking, the seedbed is watered thoroughly, soil is loosened by a small hoe to allow the soil to attach to a root system, and rice straw is bundled into small bundles.

More preferably: the seedbed is sandy loam, clay sand soil or clay red soil.

More preferably: in step S2, leaves are left on the upper part of the ear strips by one third, the rest are completely removed, the upper opening is flattened, the bevel opening is cut, and the ear strips are placed into a container filled with clear water while being cut.

More preferably: in step S3, when cutting, dry cutting is selected or the seedlings are planted in a drenched seedbed before cutting is selected, and the cuttings are prevented from being broken during cutting.

More preferably: in step S3, the righting device includes a fixing device, the fixing device is formed by splicing a first splicing unit and a second splicing unit, and the first splicing unit and the second splicing unit are tightly held around the ear.

More preferably: the first splicing unit comprises a first half ring, a first supporting plate and a first elastic sheet, the first elastic sheet is arc-shaped, the lower end of the first elastic sheet is fixed on the first half ring, the upper end of the first elastic sheet extends upwards, the middle part of the first elastic sheet is close to the center of the first half ring and is in contact with the surface of the spike strip, and the first supporting plate is fixed on the first half ring;

the second splicing unit comprises a second half ring, a second supporting plate and a second elastic sheet, the second elastic sheet is arc-shaped, the lower end of the second elastic sheet is fixed on the second half ring, the upper end of the second elastic sheet extends upwards, the middle part of the second elastic sheet is close to the center of the second half ring and is in contact with the surface of the spike strip, and the second supporting plate is fixed on the second half ring;

the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are respectively provided with a ground inserting rod, the ground inserting rods are used for fixing the first half ring and the second half ring on the seedbed, the first half ring and the second half ring are spliced to form a circular ring, the spike strips penetrate through the circular ring, and the inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the diameter of the stems of the spike strips.

More preferably: the first elastic sheets are arranged in a plurality and are arranged at equal intervals along the arc direction of the first semi-ring;

the second elastic sheet is provided with a plurality of, and is a plurality of the second elastic sheet is along the equidistant arrangement of second semi-ring arc direction, first elastic sheet with the second elastic sheet is all held tightly around the ear of grain strip.

More preferably: the protective pads are arranged between the spike strips and the first elastic sheets and between the spike strips and the second elastic sheets, and gaskets are arranged on the inner surfaces of the first half ring and the second half ring.

More preferably: the first half ring and the second half ring are matched in an inserting mode.

More preferably: the number of the fixing devices is 3-5, the fixing devices are arranged in parallel, a telescopic rod is arranged between every two adjacent fixing devices, and the adjacent fixing devices are connected through the telescopic rods.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: fix through righting device after the cuttage, appear falling seedling and slope when preventing the scion strip from watering or later stage and cultivate, improve the seedling survival rate. In order to improve the overall stability of the stabilizing device and prevent the stabilizing device from inclining, 3-5 stabilizing devices are arranged into a whole, so that a plurality of ear strips are stabilized conveniently, the righting efficiency is improved, and the overall stability of the stabilizing device is improved. Because the row spacing of ear of grain cuttage can have the difference, in order to use nimble convenience, adopt the telescopic link to connect between the adjacent securing device, the commonality is better. In order not to influence the cutting of the scion wood and to facilitate the positioning of the righting device, the stabilizing device adopts a splicing design. The protective pad and the washer can protect the skin of the ear strips, and have good protective effect and strengthening effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying the structure of the righting device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying the structure of the righting device;

figure 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment, which is mainly used for showing the use state of the stabilizing device.

In the drawings, 1, a securing device; 11. a first splicing unit; 111. a first half ring; 112. a first support plate; 113. a first spring plate; 12. a second splicing unit; 121. a second half ring; 122. a second support plate; 123. a second elastic sheet; 13. a ground inserting rod; 14. a protection pad; 15. a gasket; 2. a telescopic rod; 3. and (4) ear strips.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example (b): a rosemary cutting seedling raising method comprises the following steps:

s1 seedbed selection and preparation

The rosemary breeding seedbed should select a near water source, is convenient to drain and irrigate, has loose soil and good water permeability, and takes the field which is not easy to harden after being watered as the seedbed; the seedbed is preferably selected from sandy loam, sandy loam or clay laterite, wherein the sandy loam is the best, the clay loam is better, and the clay laterite is inferior. After the seedbed is selected, soil is smashed and the compartment is finished, grass roots and grass seeds are removed during compartment finishing, the compartment surface is required to be flat and fine, the width of the compartment surface is 0.8-1.1m, and the channel is not lower than 30 cm; preferably, the width of the compartment is 1.0m, and the channel is 30 cm.

S2 cutting seedlings

The semi-lignified branches which grow vigorously in the current year are cut to obtain cutting scions 3, the long or strong branches can be cut into a plurality of sections, at least 4 sections are reserved on each scion 3, generally 4 sections are reserved, and when the scions 3 are cut from a field, the cut scions 3 need to be soaked in clear water as soon as possible and cannot be exposed to the sun to dehydrate the scions. One third of leaves are required to be left on the upper part of the ear strips 3, the rest leaves are completely removed, the upper opening is flattened, the bevel opening is cut downwards, and the ear strips are placed into a container filled with clear water while being cut.

S3, cutting

Before cutting, the scion wood 3 is put into a potassium permanganate solution of 0.2g/L for disinfection for 3 minutes and then is cleaned by clear water. When cutting, a cutting person needs to stand in a trench for operation to avoid trampling a soft seedbed, the cutting depth of the scion wood 3 is 3-4cm, generally 2 knots, the row spacing of cutting plants is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, water is thoroughly poured after cutting, the cutting plants are fixed through a righting device to prevent falling seedlings, and the spraying mode is selected for watering for the first time. During cuttage, if the seedbed is soft, dry cuttage can be selected, but the scion 3 is not broken, and if the seedbed is hard, the seedbed can be watered thoroughly and then cuttage is selected.

Outdoor cuttage in early spring and indoor cuttage in winter are most suitable. However, the most suitable cutting seasons are different in different regions, the best cutting seasons are spring and autumn in Yunnan province and Zhejiang province, and short-shoot cutting propagation is mainly adopted in western Hunan climate conditions, and the best cutting seasons are performed in spring.

S4, post management

After cuttage, an arch shed can be built or a plastic film can be covered for moisture preservation. Watering once a day in the later half month of cuttage, wherein the watering time is preferably in the morning and at night, so as to ensure that the seedbed is moist, the sunshine intensity and the air temperature are high, the shade is avoided, and the watering frequency is increased. If the shed is covered with an arched shed or covered with a plastic film, the watering frequency can be properly reduced, when the air temperature in the shed exceeds 33 ℃, the films at the two ends need to be uncovered for ventilation and cooling, and the temperature can also be reduced by other auxiliary equipment. From the beginning of cuttage, spraying 800-time sterilizing liquid once every seven days for 2 or 3 times, and from ten days after cuttage, selecting 3% monopotassium phosphate to carry out foliar fertilization to promote the growth of new roots. The newly grown weeds need to be removed. Rosemary has strong capability of resisting plant diseases and insect pests, and the accidental diseases mainly comprise gray mold, powdery mildew and stem rot. The gray mold can be prevented and treated by 5 percent carbendazim fumigant or 50 percent tacrine 1500 times liquid; the powdery mildew is controlled by 2000 times of 20 percent triazolone missible oil; the stem rot can be sprayed with 2.00-1.25ml/L liquid medicine of 50% carbendazim or thiophanate methyl. The insect pests mainly comprise aphids and whiteflies, and can be prevented and treated by spraying 5% of 2500 times liquid of aphids of the pediculus aphids and 1.5% of 3000 times liquid of the vitamin E.

S5, transplanting and taking seedlings

The time for cutting, seedling raising and nursery reserving of rosemary generally needs about 90 days, and the rosemary can be transplanted when the seedlings grow strongly and have developed root systems and the seedlings are more than 10cm high. Before seedling taking, the seedbed is watered thoroughly, soil is loosened by a small hoe to allow the soil to attach to a root system, and rice straw is bundled into small bundles for transplanting. Direct seedling pulling by hand is avoided, otherwise root system is pulled off, and survival rate is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in step S3, the centering device is formed by connecting a plurality of fixing devices 1 in sequence, specifically, 3 to 5 fixing devices 1 are provided, 3 to 5 fixing devices 1 are arranged side by side, a telescopic rod 2 is provided between adjacent fixing devices 1, and adjacent fixing devices 1 are connected through the telescopic rod 2. The stabilizing device 1 is used for fixing the ear strips 3 on the seedbed to prevent the seedlings from falling.

In the technical scheme, the row spacing of the cuttage plants is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, so the distance between the adjacent stabilizing devices 1 is the same as the cuttage distance between the adjacent scion strips 3, and each stabilizing device 1 corresponds to one scion strip 3. In order to improve the overall stability of the stabilizing device 1 and prevent the stabilizing device 1 from inclining, 3-5 stabilizing devices 1 are arranged into a whole, so that a plurality of ear strips 3 are stabilized conveniently, the righting efficiency is improved, and the overall stability of the stabilizing device 1 is improved. Because 3 cuttage row spacing of scion wood can have the difference, in order to use nimble convenience, adopt telescopic link 2 to connect between the adjacent securing device 1, the commonality is better.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the stabilizing device 1 is formed by splicing a first splicing unit 11 and a second splicing unit 12, and the first splicing unit 11 and the second splicing unit 12 are tightly held around the ear strips 3. The first splicing unit 11 and the second splicing unit 12 are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the fringe 3. The first splicing unit 11 comprises a first half ring 111, a first supporting plate 112 and a first elastic sheet 113. The first elastic sheet 113 is arc-shaped, the lower end of the first elastic sheet is fixed on the top surface of the first half ring 111, the upper end of the first elastic sheet extends upwards, and the middle of the first elastic sheet 113 is close to the center of the first half ring 111 and is in surface contact with the ear strips 3. The first supporting plate 112 is an L-shaped plate, the upper end of the first supporting plate is fixed at the bottom of the first half ring 111, and the lower end of the first supporting plate is supported and fixed on the seedbed. The second splicing unit 12 includes a second half ring 121, a second supporting plate 122 and a second elastic sheet 123. The second elastic sheet 123 is arc-shaped, the lower end of the second elastic sheet is fixed on the top surface of the second half ring 121, the upper end of the second elastic sheet extends upwards, the middle of the second elastic sheet 123 is close to the center of the second half ring 121 and is in surface contact with the spike strips 3, the second support plate 122 is an L-shaped plate, the upper end of the second elastic sheet is fixed at the bottom of the second half ring 121, and the lower end of the second elastic sheet is supported and.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first support plate 112 and the second support plate 122 are both provided with ground insertion rods 13, and the ground insertion rods 13 are used for fixing the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 on the seedbed. Mounting holes are mounted on the first support plate 112 and the second support plate 122, and the ground inserting rod 13 penetrates through the mounting holes and is inserted into the seedbed. The first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 are spliced to form a circular ring, and the ear strips 3 penetrate through the circular ring up and down. The ground rods 13 are mounted on opposite sides of the ring.

In the technical scheme, in order to not influence the cuttage of the scion wood 3 and facilitate the positioning of the righting device, the stabilizing device 1 adopts a splicing design, after the scion wood 3 is subjected to cuttage, the first splicing unit 11 and the second splicing unit 12 on the left side and the right side are spliced, the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 are arranged around the scion wood 3 in a surrounding mode, the first elastic sheet 113 and the second elastic sheet 123 are tightly embraced on the surface of the stem of the scion wood 3 and then fixed through the ground inserting rod 13, and the scion wood 3 is prevented from inclining or falling during watering or later-stage cultivation.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 are inserted and fitted. Specifically, the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 are both provided with an insertion block and an insertion groove, the insertion block of the first half ring 111 is inserted into the insertion groove of the second half ring 121, and the insertion block of the second half ring 121 is inserted into the insertion groove of the first half ring 111.

In the above technical solution, the splicing is convenient, and the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 are inserted from two sides of the tassel 3 stem in an aligned manner, so that the insertion block on the first half ring 111 is inserted into the insertion groove on the second half ring 121, and the insertion block on the second half ring 121 is inserted into the insertion groove on the first half ring 111.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first resilient tab 113 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of first resilient tabs 113 are arranged along the arc direction of the first half ring 111 at equal intervals. The second elastic sheet 123 is provided with a plurality of second elastic sheets 123 which are arranged along the arc direction of the second half ring 121 at equal intervals. The first elastic sheet 113 and the second elastic sheet 123 are tightly held around the ear strips 3. The middle parts of the first elastic sheet 113 and the second elastic sheet 123 are respectively fixed with a protection pad 14, and the protection pad 14 is arranged between the ear bar 3 and the first elastic sheet 113, and between the ear bar 3 and the second elastic sheet 123. The inner diameter of a circular ring formed by enclosing the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 is larger than the diameter of the stem of the fringe 3, and the inner surfaces of the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 are both provided with gaskets 15. The gasket 15 and the protective pad 14 are made of sponge, silica gel or rubber.

In the above technical solution, the stem of the ear strip 3 will gradually become thick in the cultivation process of the ear strip 3, so the inner diameter of the ring formed by the first half ring 111 and the second half ring 121 must be larger than the diameter of the stem of the ear strip 3, which is convenient for the free growth of the ear strip 3. In the early stage of cutting, the gasket 15 is preferably not contacted with the surface of the scion 3, and the gasket 15 is contacted after the stem of the scion 3 is gradually thickened, so that the scion 3 is more beneficial to grow. First shell fragment 113 and second shell fragment 123 all have certain elasticity, and at ear of grain strip 3 growth process, first shell fragment 113 and second shell fragment 123 can produce certain deformation, can play better effect of holding tightly, and can not cause too big influence to ear of grain strip 3 growth, and ear of grain strip 3 epidermis can be protected in the setting of protection pad 14, has better guard action and rights effect.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications should also be construed as within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rosemary cutting seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1 seedbed selection and preparation

s2 cutting seedlings

Shearing semi-lignified branches which grow vigorously in the current year to obtain cutting scion strips (3), wherein at least 4 joints are reserved on each scion strip (3), and when the scion strips (3) are sheared from a field, the sheared scion strips (3) need to be soaked in clear water as soon as possible and cannot be exposed to the sun to dehydrate the scion strips;

s3, cutting

Before cuttage, putting the scion wood (3) into a potassium permanganate solution of 0.2g/L for disinfection for 3 minutes, cleaning the scion wood with clear water, wherein the cuttage depth of the scion wood (3) is 3-4cm, the row spacing of cuttage plants is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, watering the cuttage wood in a spraying mode to permeate water after the cuttage, and fixing the cuttage wood by a righting device;

s4, post management

s5, transplanting and taking seedlings

2. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: the seedbed is sandy loam, clay sand soil or clay red soil.

3. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: in step S2, leaves are left on the upper part of the ear (3) by one third, the rest are completely removed, the upper opening is flattened, the bevel opening is cut downwards, and the ear is placed into a container filled with clear water while being cut.

4. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: in step S3, when cutting, dry cutting is selected or the seedlings are watered first and then cut, and the scion wood (3) is ensured not to be broken in the cutting process.

5. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the righting device includes a fixing device (1), the fixing device (1) is formed by splicing a first splicing unit (11) and a second splicing unit (12), and the first splicing unit (11) and the second splicing unit (12) are tightly held around the ear bar (3).

6. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 5, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: the first splicing unit (11) comprises a first half ring (111), a first supporting plate (112) and a first elastic sheet (113), the first elastic sheet (113) is arc-shaped, the lower end of the first elastic sheet is fixed on the first half ring (111), the upper end of the first elastic sheet extends upwards, the middle part of the first elastic sheet (113) is close to the center of the first half ring (111) and is in surface contact with the ear strips (3), and the first supporting plate (112) is fixed on the first half ring (111);

the second splicing unit (12) comprises a second half ring (121), a second supporting plate (122) and a second elastic sheet (123), the second elastic sheet (123) is arc-shaped, the lower end of the second elastic sheet is fixed on the second half ring (121), the upper end of the second elastic sheet extends upwards, the middle part of the second elastic sheet (123) is close to the center of the second half ring (121) and is in surface contact with the ear strips (3), and the second supporting plate (122) is fixed on the second half ring (121);

the first supporting plate (112) and the second supporting plate (122) are respectively provided with a ground inserting rod (13), the ground inserting rods (13) are used for fixing the first half ring (111) and the second half ring (121) on the seedbed, the first half ring (111) and the second half ring (121) are spliced to form a circular ring, the ear strips (3) penetrate through the circular ring, and the inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the diameter of stems of the ear strips (3).

7. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 6, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: the number of the first elastic sheets (113) is multiple, and the multiple first elastic sheets (113) are arranged at equal intervals along the arc direction of the first half ring (111);

the second elastic sheets (123) are arranged in a plurality, the second elastic sheets (123) are arranged along the arc direction of the second half ring (121) at equal intervals, and the first elastic sheet (113) and the second elastic sheet (123) are tightly held around the ear strips (3).

8. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 7, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: the middle parts of the first elastic sheet (113) and the second elastic sheet (123) are respectively fixed with a protection pad (14), the protection pads (14) are arranged between the spike strip (3) and the first elastic sheet (113) and between the spike strip (3) and the second elastic sheet (123), and gaskets (15) are arranged on the inner surfaces of the first half ring (111) and the second half ring (121).

9. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 6, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: the first half ring (111) and the second half ring (121) are matched in an inserting mode.

10. The rosemary cutting seedling method according to claim 5, wherein the rosemary cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: 3-5 stabilizing devices (1) are arranged, 3-5 stabilizing devices (1) are arranged side by side and adjacent to each other, a telescopic rod (2) is arranged between the stabilizing devices (1), and the adjacent stabilizing devices (1) are connected through the telescopic rods (2).