CN1112196A - 整体式进气系统 - Google Patents

整体式进气系统 Download PDF

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CN1112196A
CN1112196A CN95100198A CN95100198A CN1112196A CN 1112196 A CN1112196 A CN 1112196A CN 95100198 A CN95100198 A CN 95100198A CN 95100198 A CN95100198 A CN 95100198A CN 1112196 A CN1112196 A CN 1112196A
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air
hood
intake system
air intake
integrated air
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E·科佩克
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Mann and Hummel GmbH
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Filterwerk Mann and Hummel GmbH
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Abstract

一种特别用于内燃机燃烧空气的整体式进气系 统。此进气系统包括一个塑料机罩10，一个进气管、 一个空气过滤器15和电气和/或机械元件。该机 罩以多壳技术构成，并包括至少一个底部和一个顶部 (37，38)，在该底部和顶部之间的分割面沿进气管 (23)延伸。空气过滤器安置在顶部。顶部上的一个 盖(12)闭合住未过滤空气侧的空气空间并固定着该 空气过滤器。

Description

本发明涉及一种整体式进气系统，尤其涉及一种内燃机燃烧空气的整体式进气系统，该进气系统包括有一个塑料机罩、一个进气管、一个空气过滤器和电气和/或机械元件。
特别是对于内燃机进气的调节来说，众所周知是加工带有所有重要元件的整体进气系统，这些元件包括从空气过滤器至喷射阀。这种进气系统包含多个元件、例如进气管、节流阀、辅助空气流量调节器、燃料分配器、喷射阀、温度传感器等等。
这种系统例如可从西门子公司（Siemens，AG）得到，其中不同的元件用法兰安装到或安排在一个塑料支承件处。该塑料支承件构造成一个进气管。
已知的这种系统的缺点是：虽然在一个系统中结合了多个元件，但此系统的加工会变得非常复杂并需要较高的加工费用，特别在有很多个元件的情况下。此外，这种系统必须配置大量的机械的以及电气的连接元件。
众所周知，塑料进气管可采用所谓芯熔工艺方法（core melting process）制造。
熔点低于塑料的金属芯的挤压涂覆是芯熔工艺方法的特征。
通过使芯部熔化的方式，可以用一个铸件加工制造出吸气管，且该吸气管基本上可以具有任何形状，同时尺寸保持较高的精确度，且有良好的表面外观。
在芯熔技术中，附加元件，或机械元件或电气元件的整体化是不可能的，或者只有耗费较高的费用才有可能。
本发明的目的是提供一种特别用于内燃机燃烧空气的进气系统，该进气系统制造简单并包含有多个元件。
为实现本发明的目的所提供的一种整体式进气系统，其特别用于内燃机的燃烧空气，该进气系统包括一个塑料外罩，一个进气管，一个空气过滤器和电气和/或机械元件，其特征在于：机罩以多壳技术进行构造并且由至少一个顶部和一个底部构成，在顶部和底部之间的分割面沿进气管延伸，一个空气过滤器安置在顶部，顶部的一个盖密封住未过滤空气侧的空气空间并固定住该空气过滤器。
本发明的主要优点是使用多层外壳技术。在使用这种技术的情况下，若干个元件可以注塑模制而成利用焊接法将之相互连接起来即可成为最终成品。
在此进气系统的情况下，该成品是由一个下部和一个上部构成的，在下部和上部之间的分界面沿进气管延伸。因此，复杂的结构也可以以一种相对于注塑模技术来说是一种简单的方式进行制造，而且机械的或电气的或电子元件可以在安装过程中或在各个另件或外壳的连接过程中插入，而这是本发明的主要优点。
本发明的一个变更例是使外罩的上部配置有另一个中间外罩，这两个部件的连接通过焊接进行。已经发现振动焊接技术适用于焊接连接工艺。通过安排一个中间外罩，可以形成空气管道，或者附加元件可以与进气系统相连接。
根据本发明的另一个变更例，在外罩的底部整体结合有一个用于曲轴箱通风的油分离器。虽然，到目前为止，一直习惯于将一个油分离器作为一个独立的塑料元件安置在发动机上，但目前已能够将其包含在塑料外罩中。
根据本发明的另一个变更例，一个共振系统可以以一种简单的方式构造在进气系统中。为此，需要两个空气导引系统，它们可以与一个共振舌片连接或脱开。
同样，开关转换吸气管可以借助本发明的进气系统产生，其中，借助于相应的舌片或阀使得吸气管的长度适应于发动机的转速。
进气系统的塑化技术允许系统结合空气导引部件中的舌片作简单的优化。
这样，例如在一个六缸发动机的情况下，气缸排可以在低转速范围中由共振舌片分成两部分，由此，提供了两个独立进气的三缸气缸排，它们特别是在低转速范围内具有较好的扭矩性能。而在高转速范围内，共振舌片开启，因而允许最佳地利用六缸发动机的输出。
采用带有涡流装置的进气系统，则可以进一步提高发动机的扭矩特性。此涡流装置包括一个独立的涡流集流器和若干独立的涡流导管。这些导管平行于进气管延伸，并象进气管那样，由外罩的上壳和下壳形成。在发动机低转速时，涡流装置起作用;也就是说，在此低转速范围内，发动机的进气仅仅只由涡流装置供给，该涡流装置由于横截面较小可使进气产生更好的涡流，从而导致较好的汽化。
根据本发明另一个变更例，进气系统总成是借助多个元件，例如热膜空气质量传感器，喷射阀以及燃料狭片（fuel strip），来实现的。同样，节流阀可以整体结合在该系统内。系统的整体化具有这样的优点，即所有的连接线，特别是电气连接线以及燃料连接管路，每一个都可以借助单一的插塞接触件或插塞连接件与发动机辅助元件相连接。
除了在权利要求书中描述的以外，本发明其它较佳实施例的这些和其他特征也在说明书中作了描述并在附图中示出，在这种情况下，各个特征可以单独实施，或将本发明的实施例再组合形成的若干特征也可予以实施，还可以在其他领域实施，它们可以代表本发明的有利实施例以及可以分别要求保护的实施例。
本发明的实施例示出在附图中，并将在下面详细描述。
图1是整体进气系统视图;
图2是该进气系统截面图;
图3是该进气系统示意图。
图1所示的整体进气系统包括所有元件，其范围从进气供给至内燃机的进气阀，这些元件都是对燃料空气混合气进行处理及调节所需要的。该进气系统包括一个机罩10，该机罩10具有一个其上可拆卸地固定着的盖12的基体11。下面的元件装在该机罩内：即一个油分离器13，内燃机的漏气按箭头14方向供给该油分离器。漏气在该油分离器13中借助一个过滤元件15加以净化。油按箭头16的方向流回到油底壳，同时净化的气体与对应于箭头17的进气混合。
还提供有一个空气质量传感器18以及一个节流装置19。此外，一个共振舌片20被安置在基体11内，以及一个过滤元件21安置成矩形过滤器的形式。一个电气连接块22设置在基体上，借助该连接块对各个元件进行控制，并利用其分接传感器的信号。若干吸气管23毗邻于该基体。这些吸气管配置有喷射阀24。喷射阀24的供应利用一个燃料分配片25进行。进气利用进气连接件26按箭头27流入机罩内，到达未过滤空气的空间并按箭头28流过过滤元件15。净化的空气流过一个滤网29，并利用空气质量传感器18到达节流装置19。当节流阀开启时，空气流过空气导管30，并从那里流到侧分配器31。空气按照箭头32和33的方向流入两个共振室34、35内。这两个共振室由共振舌片36分隔开。共振舌片在高转速下向上开启，从而使两个室连通，以改善扭矩特性。从共振室34、35出发，空气通过吸气管23流到未示出的发动机的进气阀内。
图2是机罩构造的截面示意图。机罩10的基体是由一个形成吸气管23的下半壳的底部37构成的。该底部被焊接到顶部38上。顶部形成吸气管23的上半壳及共振室34、35。如图所示，共振舌片36安置在共振室内，共振舌片36可以利用一个未示出的调节机构转动90°。空气导管30借助螺接件固定到顶部上。空气导管30配置有一个盖40。此盖为方便起见借助焊接方法固定到导管30上。节流装置19以及仅仅是示意性示出的空气质量传感器18整体结合进空气导管内。过滤元件设置在盖12和机罩的顶部38之间，并相对于具有过滤效应的净化空气的空间42封住未净化的空气的空间41。固定元件43安置在吸气管23上，这些固定元件43带有给喷射阀24提供燃料的燃料分配片25。
图3是带有一个整体式涡流装置的进气系统的示意图。特别是在内燃机低转速的情况下，为了优化燃烧过程需要使所供给的进气与燃料充分混合。利用较高空气速度可以最好地获得这个效果。为了能达到较高的空气速度，可以将一个所谓的涡流装置整体地结合在进气系统中。这基本上是一个减缩的进气系统，就其工作原理而言，其相当于前述的进气系统，但由于较小的导管横截面而会产生较高的空气速度。图3示出了带有空气质量传感器18的进气连接件26以及跟随有两个共振室34、35和吸气管23的空气导管30。
所需的空气从进气连接件通过空气导管44、45导引到一个涡流收集器46。此涡流收集器46分别有六个涡流管（管47，48，49，50是图中可见到的）。这些涡流管平行于吸气管23延伸并在进气阀的区域内导入内燃机的气缸盖的进气叶片。在本系统中，未示出的节流阀构造成一个计量节流阀51，该节流阀在低转速下首先释开涡流装置，而只在起动高转速时才开启主系统。当然，涡流管也是以两壳技术构造的。这意味着涡流管的下半壳邻接于吸气管的下半壳，而上半壳则邻接于吸气管的上半壳，然后将半壳相互焊接在一起。

Claims (7)

1、一种整体式进气系统，特别是用于内燃机燃烧空气的进气系统，它包括一个塑料外罩，一个进气管，一个空气过滤器，一些电气和/或机械元件，其特征在于：机罩(10)以多壳技术构成并且由至少一个顶部和一个底部(38，37)组成，在顶部和底部(38，37)之间的分割面沿进气管(23)延伸，一个空气过滤器(15)安置在顶部(38)内，顶部(38)的一个盖(12)密封住未]净化的空气侧的空气空间并固定住该空气过滤器(15)。
2、如权利要求1所述的整体式进气系统，其特征在于：另一个中间机罩（52）与所述机罩的顶部一起安置在一个双壳技术复合系统中并形成空气导管的一部分。
3、如前述权利要求中任一项所述的整体式进气系统，其特征在于：一个用于曲轴箱通风的油分离器（13）整体地结合在机罩的底部（37）。
4、如前述权利要求中任一项所述的整体式进气系统，其特征在于：一个共振装置安置在机罩（10）内，该共振装置包括一个共振舌片（36）和两个空气导引装置（34，35），该共振舌片（36）将这两个空气导引装置（34、35）连接起来。
5、如前述权利要求中任一项所述的整体式进气系统，其特征在于：设置有一个涡流装置，该涡流装置包括一个涡流集流器（46）和通向内燃机的相应进气阀的涡流管（47，48，49，50），这些涡流管基本上平行于进气管延伸，并且是由一个顶壳和一个底壳，或由机罩的一个顶部和一个底部（38，37）形成的。
6、如前述权利要求中任一项所述的整体式进气系统，其特征在于：一个热膜空气质量传感器（18）整体地结合在机罩（10）的洁净空气侧，喷射阀（24）以及一个燃料狭片（25）则整体地结合在吸气管法兰区域。
7、如前述权利要求中任一项所述的整体式进气系统，其特征在于：一个节流阀安置在该系统中，安置在该系统中的所有元件都可以借助一个单独的插塞接片（22）电气地进行控制，而传感器信号则可借助该插塞接片（22）分接传送。
CN95100198A 1994-01-25 1995-01-25 整体式进气系统 Pending CN1112196A (zh)

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